BMC Pulmonary Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Study on the potential diagnostic value of metabolomics changes in different biological fluids for aspiration pneumonia.","authors":"Lianghui Chen, Yazhen Chen, Fansen Lin, Jianbao Wang, Hongzhi Gao, Yuqi Liu","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03519-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03519-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Aspiration pneumonia (AP) is a type of lung inflammation caused by the aspiration of food, oropharyngeal secretions, or gastric contents. This condition is particularly common in older adults and individuals with impaired swallowing or consciousness. While the diagnosis of AP relies on clinical history, swallowing assessments, and imaging, these methods have significant limitations, often leading to underdiagnosis or misdiagnosis. Reliable biomarkers for AP diagnosis are lacking, making early detection and treatment challenging.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nineteen patients diagnosed with pneumonia were included in this study, divided into two groups: AP (n = 10) and non-AP (n = 9). Biological fluid samples, including bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), saliva, serum, sputum, and urine, were analyzed using non-targeted liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Differential metabolites were identified using fold change analysis, statistical significance, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to evaluate their diagnostic potential. Spearman correlation was used to examine the relationship between selected metabolites and clinical parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant metabolic differences were found between AP and non-AP patients, with many different metabolites identified across biological fluids. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), Androstenediol-3-sulfate (ADIOLS), and beta-muricholic acid were identified as key biomarkers through fold change analysis and ROC curve analysis, showing consistent increasing or decreasing trends in BALF, sputum, and serum samples. DHEAS was found to be negatively correlated with the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) (r = - 0.619, p = 0.005) in BALF sample. The area under curve (AUC) values showed that these molecules could serve as effective biomarkers for AP.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study identifies DHEAS, ADIOLS and beta-muricholic acid as promising biomarkers for AP, with the potential to improve early diagnosis and treatment. These findings underscore the clinical value of metabolomics in developing diagnostic tools for AP, facilitating better clinical management and patient outcomes. Further research is required to validate these biomarkers in larger cohorts and explore their mechanistic roles in AP pathophysiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"60"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11792630/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis, screening, and follow-up of patients with familial interstitial lung disease: Results from an international survey.","authors":"Emil Vilstrup Moen, Thomas Skovhus Prior, Michael Kreuter, Wim A Wuyts, Maria Molina-Molina, Marlies Wijsenbeek, Antonió Morais, Argyrios Tzouvelekis, Christopher J Ryerson, Fabian Caro, Ivette Buendia-Roldan, Jesper M Magnusson, Joyce S Lee, Julie Morisett, Justin M Oldham, Lauren K Troy, Manuela Funke-Chambour, Maria Laura Alberti, Raphael Borie, Simon L F Walsh, Sujeet Rajan, Yasuhiro Kondoh, Yet H Khor, Elisabeth Bendstrup","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03532-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03532-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Advances in the field of genetics of interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) have led to the recent consensus statements made by expert groups. International standards for genetic testing in ILD have not yet been established. We aimed to examine current real-world strategies employed by pulmonologists working with familial ILD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A panel of pulmonologists with expertise in ILD developed an international survey aimed at clinicians working with ILD. The survey consisted of 74 questions divided into eight topics: characteristics of respondents, diagnosis, screening of first-degree relatives, screening tools, genetic testing methods, lung transplantation, ethical concerns, and future needs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 237 pulmonologists from 50 countries participated. A family history of ILD was asked for by 91% of respondents while fewer asked for symptoms related to telomere disorders. Respondents stated that 59% had access to genetic testing, and 30% to a genetic multidisciplinary team (MDT). Many respondents were unaware of specific genetic testing methods. Pathogenic genetic variants were seen as a potential contraindication for lung transplantation in 6-8% of respondents. Genetic screening of relatives was supported by 80% of respondents who indicated insufficient evidence and a lack of formal guidelines for genetics and ILD. Only 16% had a standardized program.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Most pulmonologists ask for a family history of ILD and recommend genetic testing for ILD and screening in relatives but have limited knowledge of specific tests and access to genetic MDT. Evidence-based guidelines to inform patients, relatives, and physicians are still warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"59"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11792556/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143122136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of COVID-19 on metabolic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.","authors":"Motahare Shabestari, Forouzan Salari, Reyhaneh Azizi, Akram Ghadiri-Anari, Nasim Namiranian","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03529-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03529-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has disproportionately affected individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), making them more susceptible to viral infections. Additionally, COVID-19 and the associated lockdown restrictions have influenced metabolic regulatory mechanisms in this population. This study aims to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 infection and lockdown measures on physiological parameters in individuals with T2DM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study included 118 individuals with a prior diagnosis of T2DM. Medical records were reviewed for laboratory tests conducted within three months before the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran. Fifty-nine patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection during the first three months of the pandemic underwent follow-up laboratory tests six months post-diagnosis. An age- and gender-matched group of 59 noninfected individuals underwent follow-up tests six months after the pandemic's onset. Clinical and laboratory parameters were analyzed and compared within each group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the COVID-19 positive group, significant reductions were observed in triglycerides (TG) (P = 0.001), total cholesterol (TC) (P = 0.028), body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.034), atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) (P = 0.027), triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index (P = 0.001), and triglyceride-glucose-BMI (TyG-BMI) index (P < 0.001) during the six months following infection compared to pre-pandemic levels. Other variables remained unchanged. In the COVID-19 negative group, significant reductions were noted in TC (P = 0.001) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (P = 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>T2DM patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 infection exhibited improvements in TC, TG, BMI, and insulin-related indices. Lockdown restrictions were associated with decreased TC and LDL-C levels in T2DM patients without a history of COVID-19 infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"58"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11789312/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143122138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening of COPD patients using the COPD diagnostic questionnaire and a portable spirometer in primary healthcare institutions: a cross-sectional, diagnostic study.","authors":"Feng Chen, Qingrong Nie, Xuefeng Han, Chunjuan Li, Qimeng Liu, Feifei Xu, Li Zhang, Le Qiao, Maoxin Li, Ying Zhang, Haiyan Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03515-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03515-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Portable spirometers and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) diagnostic questionnaires are commonly used for screening patients with COPD in primary healthcare institutions, but their accuracy is often inadequate. This study aimed to explore the accuracy of combining these two tools in screening for COPD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants aged ≥ 40 years were recruited from primary healthcare institutions between July 2022 and July 2023. All participants completed COPD diagnostic questionnaires (CDQs) and pulmonary function tests including pre and post bronchodilator maneuvers using a portable spirometer at primary healthcare institutions and a conventional spirometer at a tertiary hospital. COPD was diagnosed based on the forced expiratory volume/forced vital capacity (FEV₁/FVC) ratio measured by the conventional spirometer after administration of 400 µg of salbutamol sulfate. An FEV₁/FVC ratio of < 70% indicated COPD, while an FEV1/FVC ratio of ≥ 70% was classified as non-COPD. The sensitivity and specificity of combining the portable spirometer and CDQ for COPD screening were statistically analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were employed to compare the efficacy of the portable spirometer, CDQ, and their combination in diagnosing COPD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 2,120 participants, 264 were newly diagnosed with COPD. Among the non-COPD population, 264 participants were matched by age, sex, and BMI to form the non-COPD group. The sensitivity and specificity of the combination of the portable spirometer and CDQ in diagnosing COPD were 96.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.934-0.983) and 79.9% (95% CI: 0.745-0.845), respectively, significantly higher than those with the use of either method alone (p < 0.05). The area under the ROC curve for the combined diagnosis of COPD was 0.994 (95% CI: 0.983-0.999), with a Jordan index of 0.765.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that combining the portable spirometer with the CDQ enhances COPD detection and is a valuable approach for implementation in primary healthcare institutions.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>This study has been registered in national medical research registration and filing information system of China, www.medicalresearch.org.cn , Trail registration number: MR-11-23-020214.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"57"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11789370/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143122140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between elevated cystatin C levels and obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome: a systematic review and updated meta-analysis.","authors":"Nianying Fu, Xiaotao Tan, Jie He","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03508-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03508-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study seeks to elucidate variances in cystatin C levels between patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome (OSAHS) and controls while also assessing the impact of cystatin C on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications in patients with OSAHS. Furthermore, the benefits of surgery or continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment in reducing cystatin C levels in patients with OSAHS were explored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A thorough search was undertaken across various medical databases, namely PubMed, CNKI, EMBASE, Web of Science, and WanFang, until October 1, 2024, to determine published articles pertinent to OSAHS. The present research conducted a comprehensive review of the literature concerning cystatin C levels in both patients with OSAHS and controls, variations in cystatin C levels pre-and post-surgery/CPAP treatment, the Pearson/Spearman correlation coefficients between cystatin C levels and sleep monitoring indices, and the hazard ratio (HR) associated with cystatin C levels concerning the onset of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases among patients with OSAHS. Meta-analyses were executed utilizing standardized mean difference (SMD) and correlation coefficients (COR) as effect variables. A fixed-effect model was utilized in cases where heterogeneity was not significant (I² < 50%). Otherwise, a random-effect model was employed. Statistical analysis was executed utilizing STATA 11.0, GraphPad Prism 8, and R 4.1.3.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty articles were included in the final analysis. The serum/plasma cystatin C levels in the OSAHS group were significantly increased relative to the controls (SMD = 0.65, 95%CI: 0.50-0.79, P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis considering mean body mass index (BMI), mean age, ethnicity, and study design type consistently showed significantly elevated serum/plasma cystatin C levels in the OSAHS category relative to the controls. CPAP treatment can significantly decrease serum/plasma cystatin C levels in patients with OSAHS. Moreover, the increase in cystatin C levels may serve as a risk factor for stroke and MACC in patients with OSAHS. Serum/plasma cystatin C levels exhibited a positive correlation with AHI scores and ODI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated cystatin C levels in patients with OSAHS may pose a risk for the onset of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Furthermore, cystatin C levels could serve as a valuable clinical indicator for evaluating treatment effectiveness and severity of OSAHS.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"56"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11786502/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143073735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical features and prognostic predictors of C. Psittaci Pneumonia: a systematic review and individual patient meta-analysis.","authors":"Qingqing Jia, Jibo Sun, Dongguang Wang, Jiao Xu, Xiu Li, Shijie Zhang, Lian Wang, Sitong Liu, Xiang Tong, Hong Fan","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03511-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03511-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The clinical presentations and prognostic indicators of C. psittaci pneumonia are inadequately investigated currently. The objective of the study was to assess the clinical presentation of C. psittaci pneumonia and the risk factors for severe pneumonia, within a systematic review and individual patient meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched PubMed, CNKI, and Wanfang databases for case reports/series of proven/probable psittacosis published between 1st January 2000 and 28th February 2023, including all hospitalized individuals aged ≥ 18 years. Patient demographics, manifestations, diagnostic methods, and outcomes were summarized descriptively. Patients were divided into severe or non-severe pneumonia groups mainly according to the ATS/IDSA 2007 criteria. Prognostic predictors for severe C. psittaci pneumonia were identified using multivariate logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>3062 articles of 196 (566 individual patient cases) were included in the final analysis. Patients with chronic cardiovascular disease face a significantly elevated risk of developing severe C. psittaci pneumonia (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.63; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05-6.59; P = 0.039). Symptoms including dyspnea (aOR 4.88; 95% CI 3.19-7.46; P < 0.001), neuropsychiatric symptoms (aOR 3.58; 95% CI 2.05-6.28; P < 0.001), gastrointestinal symptoms (aOR 1.76; 95% CI 1.10-2.80; P = 0.018), or the presence of multilobar infiltrates on imaging (aOR 3.27; 95% CI 2.11-5.06; P < 0.001) upon admission frequently serve as indicators of severe pneumonia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Chronic cardiovascular disease increases susceptibility to severe C. psittaci pneumonia. The presence of dyspnea, neuropsychiatric symptoms, gastrointestinal symptoms, and multilobar infiltrates upon admission merits clinicians' attention, advocating for timely sample submission for metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) to ascertain the etiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11786579/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143073836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HMGB1 Box A gene therapy to alleviate bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats.","authors":"Rathasapa Patarat, Suchanart Chuaybudda, Sakawdaurn Yasom, Apiwat Mutirangura","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03522-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03522-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pulmonary fibrosis is characterized by the destruction of normal lung tissue and then replacement by abnormal fibrous tissue, leading to an overall decrease in gas exchange function. The effective treatment for pulmonary fibrosis remains unknown. The upstream pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis may involve cellular senescence of the lung tissue. Previously, a new gene therapy technology using Box A of the HMGB1 plasmid (Box A) was used to reverse cellular senescence and cure liver fibrosis in aged rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Here, we show that Box A is a promising medicine for the treatment of lung fibrosis. In a bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis model in the male Wistar rats, Student's t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to compare groups of samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Box A effectively lowered fibrous tissue deposits (from 18.74 ± 0.62 to 3.45 ± 1.19%) and senescent cells (from 3.74 ± 0.40% to 0.89 ± 0.18%) to levels comparable to those of the negative control group. Moreover, after eight weeks, Box A also increased the production of the surfactant protein C (from 3.60 ± 1.68% to 6.82 ± 0.65%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results demonstrate that Box A is a promising therapeutic approach for pulmonary fibrosis and other senescence-promoted fibrotic lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"52"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11786397/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143073847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global, regional, and national epidemiology of allergic diseases in children from 1990 to 2021: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.","authors":"Jun Zheng, Yi-Jing Jin, Cheng-Hai Wang, Chu Feng, Xin-Yuan Lai, Shu-Qing Hua, Jia-Hui Tai","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03518-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03518-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Asthma and atopic dermatitis (AD) represent significant global health challenges in children. This study aimed to investigate trends in incidence, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for childhood asthma and AD from 1990 to 2021.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study utilized information from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD), Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2021. The sample size for this study consisted of children with asthma or AD between the ages of 0 and 14. From 1990-2021, we calculated asthma and AD's age-standardized incidence, prevalence, and DALYs by area, age, sex, and socio-demographic index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2021, global childhood asthma prevalence reached 95.7 million cases (age-standardized rate: 4,758 per 100,000), with the Low SDI region recording 25.4 million cases. For AD, global prevalence was 72.4 million cases (age-standardized rate: 3,600 per 100,000), predominantly in Middle SDI regions (19.7 million cases). Between 1990 and 2021, age-standardized incidence rates decreased for both conditions. Geographic variations were notable: High-income North America showed the highest asthma incidence, while Western Europe led in AD prevalence. The global burden of asthma-related DALYs declined from 6.9 million in 1990 to 4.6 million in 2021, with significant regional disparities.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite decreasing age-standardized rates, childhood asthma and AD continue to pose substantial health burdens globally, with marked variations across regions and socioeconomic strata. These findings emphasize the need for targeted, region-specific interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11786411/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143073841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): the mediating role of dietary inflammatory index (DII).","authors":"Hongyang Gong, Kaifeng Zhang, Seok Choi, Shaoqun Huang","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03501-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03501-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Given global changes in the environment and dietary habits, it is critical to understand the potential impact of dietary factors and dietary inflammation on respiratory diseases, including COPD. Studying these relationships can help develop more effective prevention strategies. PHDI is a dietary scoring system designed to balance human health and environmental sustainability by promoting increased consumption of plant-based foods and reduced intake of red meat, sugar, and highly processed foods. In contrast, DII quantifies the inflammatory potential of a diet. This study examines the association between PHDI and COPD and assesses whether DII mediates this relationship.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used subgroup analysis, smooth curve fitting, and multivariable logistic regression to investigate the connection between PHDI and the occurrence of COPD. Furthermore, a mediation analysis was carried out to investigate any possible correlation between DII and the link between PHDI and COPD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>30,304 participants were included in this investigation, and 1,498 of them reported COPD events. For every 10-point increase in PHDI and each unit increase in DII was associated with a 9% reduction (OR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.86, 0.97) and an 8% increase (OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.13) in the prevalence of COPD, respectively, when all variables were adjusted for using multivariable logistic regression. Additionally, the results remain robust when PHDI and DII are converted to tertile. An investigation of smooth curve fitting showed a linear correlation between the risk of COPD and PHDI. The results of the mediation analysis showed that 17.95% of the relationship between PHDI and COPD was mediated by DII (p = 0.034).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher PHDI levels are associated with a lower prevalence of COPD. Additionally, DII appears to mediate this relationship, suggesting that an anti-inflammatory diet may provide benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11786581/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143073852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between the triglyceride glucose body mass index and asthma: evidence from NHANES 2011-2018.","authors":"Sijia Yu, Shiping Wu, Shouxin Wei","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03517-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03517-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease whose increasing prevalence poses a significant burden to human health and the economy. Several studies indicate that insulin resistance (IR) is associated with asthma development. The triglyceride-glucose body mass index (TyG-BMI) is a novel biomarker used to evaluate insulin resistance; however, limited research exists on the relationship between TyG-BMI and asthma. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between TyG-BMI and asthma in U.S. adults.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This cross-sectional study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database for the 2011-2018 cycles. The exposure variable was the TyG-BMI of participants at baseline, which was calculated based on triglycerides (TG), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and body mass index (BMI). The primary outcome variable was asthma status, determined via questionnaire. We analyzed participants' baseline characteristics and employed weighted multivariate logistic regression models to assess the correlation between TyG-BMI and asthma. A subgroup analysis was conducted to assess whether the relationship between TyG-BMI and asthma was influenced by other factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 8,553 participants were analyzed, revealing a positive association between TyG-BMI and asthma. In the analysis of TyG-BMI as a continuous variable, after adjusting for confounding variables, the Odds ratio (OR)(95% CI) for the association between TyG-BMI and asthma was 1.003. After further dividing TyG-BMI into quartiles and adjusting for potential confounders in Model 3, the prevalence of asthma was 0.561 times higher in those with the highest TyG-BMI than in those in the lowest quartile (OR: 1.561, 95% CI: 1.181, 2.065). There was a significant interaction between asthma and TyG-BMI among subgroups defined by gender, coronary heart disease, and stroke (interaction P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This cross-sectional study found a positive association between TyG-BMI and asthma. These results suggest that TyG-BMI has the potential to be used as an indicator to monitor the prevalence of asthma, but further longitudinal studies are needed to confirm causality and to assess its utility in the management of long-term comorbidities.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11786546/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143073829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}