BMC Pulmonary Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Multiple Tumor-related autoantibodies test enhances CT-based deep learning performance in diagnosing lung cancer with diameters < 70 mm: a prospective study in China.","authors":"Qingcheng Meng, Pengfei Ren, Lanwei Guo, Pengrui Gao, Tong Liu, Wenda Chen, Wentao Liu, Hui Peng, Mengjia Fang, Shuo Meng, Hong Ge, Meng Li, Xuejun Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03807-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03807-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Deep learning (DL) demonstrates high sensitivity but low specificity in lung cancer (LC) detection during CT screening, and the seven Tumor-associated antigens autoantibodies (7-TAAbs), known for its high specificity in LC, was employed to improve the DL's specificity for the efficiency of LC screening in China.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To develop and evaluate a risk model combining 7-TAAbs test and DL scores for diagnosing LC with pulmonary lesions < 70 mm.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Four hundreds and six patients with 406 lesions were enrolled and assigned into training set (n = 313) and test set (n = 93) randomly. The malignant lesions were defined as those lesions with high malignant risks by DL or those with positive expression of 7-TAAbs panel. Model performance was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the training set, the AUCs for DL, 7-TAAbs, combined model (DL and 7-TAAbs) and combined model (DL or 7-TAAbs) were 0.771, 0.638, 0.606, 0.809 seperately. In the test set, the combined model (DL or 7-TAAbs) achieved achieved the highest sensitivity (82.6%), NPV (81.8%) and accuracy (79.6%) among four models, and the AUCs of DL model, 7-TAAbs model, combined model (DL and 7-TAAbs), and combined model (DL or 7-TAAbs) were 0.731, 0.679, 0.574, and 0.794, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The 7-TAAbs test significantly enhances DL performance in predicting LC with pulmonary leisons < 70 mm in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"361"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12309075/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rituximab induced lung injury.","authors":"Rohit Chari, Youmna Abdelghany, Madeleine Purcell, Blaine Kenaa","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03802-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03802-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rituximab is a chimeric human-mouse immunoglobulin monoclonal antibody with high affinity for CD20 surface antigens expressed by pre-B and B cells that is commonly used as the mainstay for the treatment of B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). As the drug has become more widely used, rituximab associated Interstitial Lung disease (RTX-ILD) is being recognized as potential complication (Non-infectious pulmonary toxicity of rituximab: a systematic review| Rheumatology| Oxford Academic).</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>We discuss a 73-year-old woman with newly diagnosed DLBCL who underwent chemotherapy and immunotherapy with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin hydrochloride, vincristine sulphate, and prednisone (R-CHOP). Following her initial rituximab infusion, she developed shortness of breath, chills, rigors, flushing, and agitation. The rituximab infusion was paused, and hypersensitivity reaction medications were given per protocol. The infusion was resumed at a slower rate. Two weeks after initial infusion, she was hospitalized for shortness of breath and hypoxemia to 88% on pulse oximeter requiring 2 L of nasal cannula oxygen. Chest imaging showed new diffuse ground glass opacities (GGOs) on top of apical scarring, upper lobe emphysema, and few calcified granulomas. Patient underwent bronchoscopy for bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) which was negative for infections and malignancy. Given the temporal relationship, chemotherapy induced lung injury was high on the differential, with rituximab being the possible offending agent. She was started on prednisone 60 milligram for 5 days with a follow up chest imaging showing resolution of the acute GGO. Her O2 requirements decreased from 3 L to 1 L and she was sent home with oxygen. Given the curative intent of R-CHOP, after shared decision making with the patient and her medical team, a treatment plan with a longer course of high and low prednisone was incorporated as part of her chemotherapy session. She was able to successfully finish her treatment with no additional episode, at which point she was able to be successfully tapered off her prednisone.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Rituximab induced ILD is rare but given its severity requires a high index of suspicion for diagnosis. Given the potential for long term complication, once suspected, treatment should be discontinued. Here we detail how a prolonged steroid course could be used as adjunct therapy of ILD if therapy with rituximab is considered curative and essential.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Rituximab and Cyclophosphamide are well described causes of acute pneumonitis post R-CHOP administration. Given curative effect of R-CHOP, careful changes in management plan and co-treatment with steroids could help preserve lung function while allowing for full continuation of the chemotherapy regimen.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"359"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12302443/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144728001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonary glue embolism after radiological embolization of pelvic varices: a case report.","authors":"Elise Longueville, Sandra Dury, Julien Ancel, Jonathan Attali, Rahma Larad-Riffault, Camille Pierrot, Jeanne-Marie Perotin, Gaetan Deslee","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03867-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03867-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Non-thrombotic pulmonary embolism (NTPE) is defined as embolization in the pulmonary circulation of biological or non-biological substances and foreign bodies. The migration of glue in the pulmonary circulation during interventional procedures is unusual and has been reported mainly after gastroenterological procedures. The most severe cases of NTPE can be life-threatening.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 31-year-old woman developed respiratory failure 24 h after radiological embolization of pelvic varices. Glue embolization was detected during the intervention and was confirmed on a chest CT scan showing multiple bilateral hyperdense elements up to sub-pleural regions. The patient developed respiratory symptoms 24 h after the procedure, progressively worsening with oxygen requirement up to 6 L/min. A follow-up chest CT angiography showed a thrombotic pulmonary embolism. Treatments included curative anticoagulation, antibiotherapy, corticosteroids, and oxygen, leading to improvement after 10 days of treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case report highlights that NTPE can occur after all interventional procedures using glue including pelvic procedures and can be complicated by thrombotic pulmonary embolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"360"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12302744/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144728000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A combined measure of blood leukocytes, forced vital capacity and quantitative CT is highly predictive of mortality in IPF: results of a single-centre cohort study.","authors":"Andrew Achaiah, Emily Fraser, Peter Saunders, Rachel Hoyles, Rachel Benamore, Ling-Pei Ho","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03825-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03825-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive fibrotic condition. Serial FVC monitoring is most commonly used to assess progression of disease but FVC does not always reflect regional CT change in IPF. Recently there has been growing interest in quantitative CT (qCT) assessment of IPF. In this study, we compared different physiological and qCT measurements of disease progression in predicting mortality in IPF.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>We question if a composite measure of disease progression using qCT and FVC is more predictive of mortality than individual measurements, and if addition of blood leukocyte levels further enhance predictive ability of these measurements of disease progression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis of an IPF cohort (n = 71). Annualised change (∆) in CT-measured lung volume (CTvol) and total lung fibrosis score (TLF) were calculated (using the computer software CALIPER) together with annualised change in FVC and blood leukocyte levels within 4 months of first CT. These were modelled against mortality using multivariate Cox regression. Concordance indexes (C-statistic) of different Cox regression models were used to determine the most predictive and discriminative combination for mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>65 cases (91.5%) were male. Median (IQR) age 73.6 years (68.4-79.3). Death was reported in 24 cases (33.8%). The median annualised change in (∆)FVC was - 4.4% (-9.6-0.0), ∆TLF; + 2.9% (0.2-7.0), and ∆CTvol; -4.3% (0.0-10.9). Combined measurements of disease progression (∆CTvol, ∆FVC and ∆TLF%) out-performed single-variable measurements in predicting all-cause mortality in IPF. The composite variable of [ΔFVC >10%, ΔCTvol >10% or ΔTLF% >10%] was most predictive of mortality [HR 7.14 (2.45-20.79), p <0.001]. Inclusion of blood leukocytes improved C-statistic scores for each multivariate model.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Composite end points of ∆CTvol, ∆FVC and ∆TLF% were more predictive of mortality than single-variable measurements in this cohort. Inclusion of blood leukocytes into risk stratification models further improved mortality prediction for all measures of disease progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"358"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12302753/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144727976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diaphragmatic ultrasound-derived MV×DE: a novel predictor of postextubation adverse respiratory events in general anesthesia patients (observational study).","authors":"Jing Huang, Yanzi Yi, Xiaotian Zhang, XiaoXiao Li, Zhouquan Wu","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03831-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03831-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study explored the potential of diaphragmatic ultrasonography in the postanaesthesia care unit (PACU) for predicting postextubation adverse respiratory events (PAREs) in patients recovering from general anaesthesia.--.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cohort study included 110 patients who underwent elective surgeries under general anaesthesia. During recovery before extubation, diaphragmatic function was monitored via ultrasound with pressure support ventilation on continuous positive airway pressure (PS/CPAP). Concurrent respiratory parameters (tidal volume, respiratory rate, and PEEP) were also recorded. Patients were categorized into PARE and nonadverse respiratory event groups based on postextubation outcomes. A composite metric, MV×DE, was calculated by multiplying minute ventilation (MV) by diaphragmatic excursion (DE). Independent predictors of PAREs were identified using multivariate logistic regression, and the diagnostic accuracy of each indicator for PAREs was assessed using ROC curve analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final cohort consisted of 106 participants under general anesthesia, divided into two subgroups based on postextubation outcomes. Analysis showed significant demographic differences between those with postextubation respiratory events (n = 33) and those without (n = 73). The PARE group was older (66.7 ± 16.6 vs. 56.1 ± 15.2 years, p < 0.001) and had a higher prevalence of ASA class III status (48.5% vs. 16.0%, p < 0.001). Diaphragm function indices also differed significantly; the PARE group had reduced diaphragmatic excursion (DE), lower diaphragmatic thickness fraction (DTF), and lower combined parameters (RR×DE and RR×DTF) (all p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression identified MV×DE during extubation as the strongest predictor of adverse respiratory outcomes in the PACU (p < 0.001). MV×DE demonstrated strong diagnostic performance with optimal discrimination at ≤ 0.65, showing superior predictive ability (AUROC = 0.874, 95% CI 0.801-0.947), with 78.8% sensitivity and 86.3% specificity for high-risk patients (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MV × DE represents a promising tool for predicting postextubation adverse respiratory events (PEREs) in patients under general anaesthesia in the postanaesthesia care unit (PACU). Additionally, in terms of predicting PAREs, MV × DE offers greater reliability than traditional diaphragm parameters alone do.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"354"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12302765/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144727978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of exercise training on exercise capacity of patients with interstitial lung disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Qian Zhao, Nan Mo, Rui Li, Tian Tian Wei, WenJin Xu, Jie Wang, ShanShan Li, Huifang Zhu, Guiling Miao","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03804-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03804-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The effects of exercise-based interventions in patients with interstitial lung disease ( ILD) are not fully understood. To better understand the effects of exercise training on functional exercise capacity, we conducted a meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of exercise training on the functional exercise capacity of adults with ILD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases from inception to July 2024 and the reference lists of the included articles. All RCT that included exercises and outcomes assessed the functional exercise capacity of adults with ILD. Data were pooled with the mean difference or standardized, random-effect model, and 95% confidence intervals ( CI) using RevMan V.5.4. We also used Cochrane risk-of-bias tool and GRADE to rate the quality of the evidence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixteen RCTs with 899 participants were included. Exercise interventions significantly improved 6MWD ( ILD: MD = 35.88 m(m), 95% CI: 22.65-49.10, P < 0.00001; IPF: MD = 28.84 m, 95% CI: 14.73-42.95, P < 0.0001), enhanced peak work rate ( ILD: MD = 3.79 watts, 95% CI: 0.66-6.92, P < 0.05; IPF: MD = 5.98 watts, 95% CI: 2.34-9.63, P < 0.01), VO2 peak ( IPF: MD = 0.84 ml/kg/min, 95% CI: 0.18-1.50, P < 0.05), alleviate dyspnea ( ILD:MD = -0.46, 95% CI:-0.68,-0.23, P < 0.0001; IPF: MD = -0.33, 95% CI:-0.63,-0.03, P < 0.05), depressive symptoms ( ILD:MD = -1.94, 95% CI:-3.67, -0.22, P < 0.05), and improved health-related quality of life( HRQoL) ( ILD:MD = -6.39, 95% CI:-8.67,-4.12, P < 0.00001; IPF: MD = -6.58, 95% CI:-9.42,-3.75, P < 0.00001). In the subgroup with different intervention durations, functional exercise and quality of life improvements were maintained during the short-to long-term follow-up. However, dyspnea was significant only after 6 months of intervention.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Exercise training demonstrated significant improvements in exercise tolerance and HRQoL in patients with ILD, particularly IPF, with sustained benefits observed over long-term intervention. Additionally, exercise alleviates dyspnea and depressive symptoms, with effects maintained during short to medium-term interventions. These findings support the safe incorporation of exercise training into standard therapeutic regimens for ILD. Future studies should prioritize the optimization of high-quality exercise protocols tailored to specific ILD subtypes and determine optimal strategies for maximizing clinical benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"356"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12302581/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144727979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical characteristics of patients with acute pulmonary embolism complicated with antiphospholipid syndrome: a case control study.","authors":"Jianyuan Wan, Shuanglan Xu, Jingchao Yang, Qian Liu, Rongping Yang, Wei Kang, Jiao Yang, Xiqian Xing","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03815-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03815-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Acute pulmonary embolism (APE) is a critical and severe respiratory disease with a high mortality rate. Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a risk factor for the occurrence and recurrence of pulmonary thromboembolism. This study explored the clinical characteristics of patients with APS combined with APE (APS-APE).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty-eight patients with APS were retrospectively enrolled in the study, among which 34 patients suffered from APS-APE, and another 34 patients did not. Age and gender were matched between the groups. The clinical data of patients were collected. The clinical characteristics of the 2 groups were summarized and analysed by comparing the clinical data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>61.8% patients of APS-APE had a history of lower limbs deep venous thrombosis (DVT), which was more common than APE group. The first symptoms of patients in APS-APE group were more common than APS group when admitted to hospital, including cough, fever, dyspnea, hemoptysis, chest tightness, chest pain, swelling and pain of lower limbs. The level of both D-dimer and fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) in APS-APE group was higher than APS group. The positive detection rate of aβ2GPI in APS-APE group had a higher level. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of APE in APS patients were dyspnea, positive aβ2GPI and elevated D-dimer.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>APS patients with medical history of DVT and with abnormal results of D-dimer, FDP and aβ2GPI were more likely to be suffered from APE. Dyspnea, positive aβ2GPI and elevated D-dimer are risk factors for APE in APS patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"357"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12302800/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144727977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gaps in access to pulmonary hypertension care and opportunities for improvement: a multi-site qualitative study.","authors":"Kari R Gillmeyer, Sara Shusterman, Seppo T Rinne, A Rani Elwy, Renda Soylemez Wiener","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03817-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03817-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive disease leading to right heart failure and early mortality. Early recognition of the disease and timely initiation of PH-specific therapies for qualifying PH subgroups are crucial for improving patient outcomes. Yet delays in diagnosis and treatment of PH persist. We aimed to explore patient and provider perspectives on access to and timeliness of PH care across the patient's entire health journey from symptom onset through follow-up care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a multi-site qualitative study at three expert PH centers in the United States. We interviewed 41 key informants including 21 patients and 20 providers (physicians, physician assistants, PH pharmacists, and PH nurses). Guided by a conceptual model of the care continuum adapted to PH, we analyzed transcripts using a directed content analysis with both deductive (based on our conceptual model) and inductive coding.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found barriers to timely access to PH care along the entire care continuum from symptom onset through receiving longitudinal PH care. Geographic barriers to care, limited non-expert PH knowledge, dismissal of patient's symptoms by providers, limited PH expert availability, and inadequate insurance coverage of PH medications emerged as the most prominent barriers to PH care access. Participants offered clear and specific solutions to address these care gaps, including establishing telementoring models to improve non-expert PH knowledge, building relationships between PH experts and community providers to bolster referral networks, leveraging technology to mitigate geographic barriers, and building satellite sites to expand access to PH experts.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with PH experience significant barriers to receiving timely PH care along their entire health journey. Comprehensive transformations to PH care delivery and health policies are needed to mitigate delays and improve quality of care for patients living with this disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"355"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12302599/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144727999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative CT measurements of segmental bronchial changes during inspiratory and expiratory phases in healthy subjects.","authors":"Shu-Yan Jing, Chun-Ying Liu, Jia-Kai Zhang, Jian-Kui Mu, Li He, Rui-Hong Hou","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03692-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03692-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recently, the quantitative measurement of the bronchi has gained attention due to its importance in understanding respiratory function and its application in diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The accurate measurement of bronchial changes in healthy individuals provides valuable baseline data for comparison in clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to quantitatively assess changes in segmental bronchial diameter and lumen area during inspiratory and expiratory phases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study of 68 healthy subjects was conducted. The inspiratory and expiratory phases of the whole lung were scanned using low-dose Multi-slice CT (MSCT). The apical segment of the right superior lobe (RB1), medial segment of the right middle lobe (RB5), posterior basal segment of the right lower lobe (RB10), apicoposterior segment of the left superior lobe (LB(1+2)), inferior lingular segment of the left lower lobe (LB5), and posterior basal segment of the left lower lobe (LB10) were selected. Cross-sectional images of the bronchi were extracted to measure the long diameter (Din-L), short diameter (Din-S), inner lumen area (ILA), and wall area (WA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Din-L, ILA, and WA were larger in the inspiratory phase for RB1, RB5, LB(1+2), and LB10. RB10 and LB5 showed larger Din-L, Din-S, ILA, and WA at the inspiratory phase. Significant differences were found in Din-S for LB5 and RB5. Din-L showed significant differences across both phases for all bronchial segments.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Low-dose MSCT combined with FUJIFILM Corporation SYNAPSE 3D software offers a reliable, novel method for quantitatively studying segmental bronchial changes during different respiratory phases. This approach uniquely captures dynamic bronchial behavior across both inspiratory and expiratory phases in healthy individuals, providing new insights into airway structure. However, further validation through phantom or cohort studies is needed to assess measurement accuracy.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"353"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12297718/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144717495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interstitial lung disease induced by Toripalimab combined with disitamab Vedotin in upper tract urothelial carcinoma: a case report and literature review.","authors":"Peng Ding, Huanhuan Lin, Kaichen Zhang, Qian Yang, Peiyang Gao","doi":"10.1186/s12890-025-03838-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12890-025-03838-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9148,"journal":{"name":"BMC Pulmonary Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"351"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12288240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144706316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}