Brain Structure & Function最新文献

{"title":"The role of the left medial prefrontal cortex and posterior cingulate cortex in processing positive emotional words: evidence from a meta-analysis and an empirical study.","authors":"Qinpu Dang, Fengyang Ma, Jingyu Chen, Taomei Guo","doi":"10.1007/s00429-025-02955-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00429-025-02955-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the present research, we examined the neural substrates associated with positive word processing by using Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) and Seed-based d Mapping (SDM) approaches. In study 1, taking effect sizes, peak coordinates of brain region activation, sample sizes, and experimental paradigms into consideration in ALE and SDM meta-analyses, we identified two largely overlapping brain regions with comparable peak coordinates, i.e., the left medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the left posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), showing greater activities in these two regions during positive word processing than neutral word processing. In Study 2, we further examined the universality and language specificity of neural mechanisms underlying positive word processing by comparing two typologically distant languages, Chinese and English, in both native speakers and bilinguals using ROI (regions of interest) analyses. The results showed no significant difference across two native languages or between bilinguals' two languages, highlighting the universal role of the two regions in positive word processing. These findings also hold implications for the models of bilingual emotion processing (e.g., the valence hypothesis and the hierarchical emotion model) and the system accommodation hypothesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9145,"journal":{"name":"Brain Structure & Function","volume":"230 6","pages":"95"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144265251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tractography in brain tumor surgery: current clinical impact and future challenges.","authors":"Silvio Sarubbo, Fracesco Vergani, Joseph Yuan-Mou Yang","doi":"10.1007/s00429-025-02956-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-025-02956-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over the past two decades, surgical treatment of intrinsic brain tumors has shifted towards maximizing resection while preserving cognitive and functional abilities. Tractography plays a key role in neurosurgical planning by mapping patient-specific white matter anatomy, enhancing surgical safety. However, did you know its standalone use is limited by methodological challenges, particularly in tumor cases? Future research should focus on standardizing tractography methods, integrating advanced neuroimaging, and validating its role with intraoperative mapping to optimize surgical outcomes. Such unified approach will set the foundation to help fully harness tractography's potential to enhance surgical outcomes and as a valuable training and education tool for future neurosurgeons.</p>","PeriodicalId":9145,"journal":{"name":"Brain Structure & Function","volume":"230 6","pages":"93"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144257359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal progression of pathological features in an α-synuclein overexpression model of Parkinson's disease.","authors":"Andrea Vaquero-Rodríguez, Jone Razquin, Ane Murueta-Goyena, Cristina Miguelez, José Ángel Ruíz-Ortega, José Vicente Lafuente, Harkaitz Bengoetxea, Naiara Ortuzar","doi":"10.1007/s00429-025-02959-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00429-025-02959-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder, affecting 1-5% of individuals over 60, with a higher incidence in men. It is clinically characterized by progressive motor impairments, including rigidity, bradykinesia, tremors, and gait disturbances. The neuropathological hallmark of PD is the aggregation of α-synuclein (α-syn) into Lewy bodies (LB) and neurites (LN). Although α-syn plays essential physiological roles, its misfolding and accumulation drive neurodegeneration. In this study, we investigated the temporal progression and anatomical distribution of α-syn pathology using a bilateral adeno-associated virus serotype-9 (AAV9)-mediated α-syn overexpression model in rats. Disease-related features were analyzed at one, two and four months post-injection. Neuronal α-syn overexpression was confirmed as it co-localized predominantly with tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive neurons, distinctly separate from glial markers. Behavioral assessment, immunofluorescence assays, stereological quantification, and optical densitometry revealed progressive motor impairments, dopaminergic neuronal loss in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), and decreased TH + fibers in the striatum and dendrites of the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNpr). These changes were accompanied by increased microglial activation. Furthermore, axonal swellings in the striatum increased progressively over time, correlating with reductions in striatal TH optical density. By characterizing the temporal dynamics of α-syn-induced pathology, this study underscores the model's relevance for PD research and highlights critical time windows for evaluating therapeutic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9145,"journal":{"name":"Brain Structure & Function","volume":"230 6","pages":"91"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12149260/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144246378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nieuwenhuys' timely, influential, and visionary work.","authors":"Alvaro Duque","doi":"10.1007/s00429-025-02949-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00429-025-02949-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9145,"journal":{"name":"Brain Structure & Function","volume":"230 6","pages":"92"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12148978/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144246452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rudolf Nieuwenhuys (11 June 1927-4 November 2024): a scholarly life.","authors":"Suzanne Bakker, Hans J Ten Donkelaar, Jan Voogd, Charles Nicholson, Lawrence H Bannister, Loreta Medina, Ester Desfilis, Mario F Wullimann, Johannes Meek, Luis Puelles, Cees A J Broere, Robert Turner, Leonardo Cerliani, Matthew F Glasser","doi":"10.1007/s00429-025-02953-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-025-02953-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This collective eulogy by colleagues, co-authors and friends is a tribute to the work and life of Rudolf Nieuwenhuys. 'Neurofascination' is an apt label for his scholarly life in the sciences from the start in 1955 until his last days in 2024. In addition, he had a broad interest in Roman and Gothic architecture, the history and politics of the twentieth century, religion and the music of Johann Sebastian Bach. Extensive discussions on one or more of these topics often led to long-lasting friendships, some of which inform the following pages. Rudolf is remembered for his highly didactical and remarkably illustrated presentations and publications, including the three-volume The Central Nervous System of Vertebrates and the four editions of The Human Central Nervous System. His research interests addressed an impressively wide range of topics concerning development and evolutionary neurobiology and a systematic approach to comparative brain structures in vertebrates. His almost endless fascination for neuromorphology included the invertebrates as well. But unfortunately, even his long life was not enough to write the book on the comparative neuroanatomy of invertebrates which he long had in mind. The many years of his career spanned the remarkable histology of the gigantocerebellum of mormyrids to an exploratory synthesis of subdivisions of the human cortex, as originally mapped by the Vogt-Vogt school of cortical architectonics.</p>","PeriodicalId":9145,"journal":{"name":"Brain Structure & Function","volume":"230 6","pages":"90"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144246377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional and structural plasticity induced by audiovisual associations and sensory experiences.","authors":"Fazilet Zeynep Yildirim-Keles, Pinar Demirayak, Hulusi Kafaligonul","doi":"10.1007/s00429-025-02951-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00429-025-02951-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Crossmodal associations and correspondences play important roles in shaping perception and guiding our actions. However, we still have a limited understanding of association-induced changes in the adult human brain. An important question to address is to what extent passive exposure to crossmodal associations leads to functional and structural changes in the brain. Utilizing an audiovisual association paradigm in which motion stimuli presented in the left visual field were paired with auditory tones, we investigated experience-dependent crossmodal plasticity by examining resting-state functional connectivity and cortical thickness. Following the association phase, we observed widespread increases in functional connectivity between the trained region (e.g., right V1, V2, and V3) and higher-order frontal, temporal, and occipital areas. In contrast, functional connectivity changes in the untrained region (e.g., left V1, V2, and V3) were markedly reduced, indicating that the observed plasticity was largely specific to the cortical representation of the stimulated visual field. Consistent with the functional results, cortical thickness analysis revealed a clear hemispheric asymmetry, with significant changes observed exclusively in the right hemisphere. Moreover, both the functional and structural assessments showed widespread changes in high-level association cortices, whereas changes in low-level sensory areas were less pronounced. The overlap between functional and structural measures suggests that enhanced connectivity aligns with structural changes due to crossmodal associations. These results illustrate that associations formed without explicit training or feedback can lead to functional and structural changes in the adult human brain, providing important implications for perception and neural plasticity in daily life situations.</p>","PeriodicalId":9145,"journal":{"name":"Brain Structure & Function","volume":"230 6","pages":"89"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12146228/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144246451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The deep winding at the brain surface: replicating a historical report associating the 'bridged' central sulcus with the pli de passage fronto-pariétal moyen.","authors":"Renate Schweizer, Anna Marie Muellen, Julius Stropel","doi":"10.1007/s00429-025-02947-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00429-025-02947-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9145,"journal":{"name":"Brain Structure & Function","volume":"230 6","pages":"87"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12144068/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative tractography: joys and sorrows.","authors":"Alessandro Daducci, Simona Schiavi","doi":"10.1007/s00429-025-02939-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-025-02939-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Quantitative tractography is the term used to indicate informing the estimation of the major axonal pathways of the brain from diffusion MRI with microstructural information (such as volume, myelin, axonal densities, etc.) to deliver veridical and biologically meaningful connectomes. The literature is replete with studies showing promising results obtained with such methods; however, did you know that these methods also have some subtle pitfalls that aren't immediately apparent but, if neglected, could result in incorrect or biased conclusions? This brief paper provides an overview of such pitfalls and solutions to mitigate them.</p>","PeriodicalId":9145,"journal":{"name":"Brain Structure & Function","volume":"230 6","pages":"88"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DTI-based fiber tractography: why not?","authors":"Dogu Baran Aydogan, Alexander Leemans, Jessica Dubois, Flavio Dell'Acqua, Chiara Maffei","doi":"10.1007/s00429-025-02960-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-025-02960-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has been fundamental in enabling the noninvasive exploration of the brain white matter architecture. However, the use of DTI for tractography remains challenging due to the known limitations of the tensor model in capturing complex fiber configurations. This short communication summarizes the key points of a debate held at the 2024 Tract-Anat Retreat sparked by the provocative statement: \"it is never acceptable to use DTI for tractography\". While we identified the advantages of moving towards more advanced orientation models that can provide more complete and accurate reconstructions of white matter pathways, we also highlighted the valuable contribution DTI-based tractography can make in clinical contexts, or when investigating simpler fiber architectures. These perspectives underscore the importance of the specific application when evaluating whether it is acceptable or not to use the tensor model for tractography.</p>","PeriodicalId":9145,"journal":{"name":"Brain Structure & Function","volume":"230 6","pages":"84"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144224319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution of the motoneuronal pools controlling the hindlimb muscles in the lumbar spinal cord of the Acomys cahirinus.","authors":"Aleksandr Veshchitskii, Polina Shkorbatova, Natalia Merkulyeva","doi":"10.1007/s00429-025-02946-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-025-02946-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The motoneuron pools innervating major functionally distinct hindlimb muscles were mapped in the spinal cord of Acomys cahirinus using the fluorescent retrograde tracer Fast Blue. The dorsoventral, mediolateral, and rostrocaudal distributions of motoneuron pools in the lumbar spinal cord were characterized for the targeted muscles: (i) motoneuron pools innervating the m. iliacus (hip flexor) extend from the middle part of segment L1 to the caudal part of segment L3 and are located in the ventrolateral column; (ii) motoneuron pools innervating the m. vastus lateralis (knee extensor) extend from the caudal part of segment L2 to the caudal part of segment L3 and are located in the central column; (iii) motoneuron pools innervating the m. tibialis lateralis (ankle dorsiflexor) extend from the middle part of segment L3 to the middle part of segment L4 and are located in the dorsolateral column; (iv) motoneuron pools innervating the m. gracilis anterior (hip adductor, hip extensor) extend from the rostral part of segment L1 to the caudal part of segment L5 and are located in the central column; (v) motoneuron pools innervating the m. semitendinosus (hip extensor, knee flexor) extend from the caudal part of segment L2 to the middle part of segment L5 and are located in the central column; (vi) motoneuron pools innervating the m. soleus (ankle plantarflexor) extend from the caudal part of segment L3 to the middle part of segment L5 and are located in the dorsolateral column; (vii) motoneuron pools innervating the m. gastrocnemius medialis (knee flexor, ankle plantarflexor) extend from the middle part of segment L4 to the caudal part of L5 and are located in the dorsolateral column; and (viii) motoneuron pools innervating the m. gluteus medius (hip rotator, hip extensor) extend from the middle part of segment L3 to the caudal part of segment L5 and are located in the ventrolateral column. These findings represent the first detailed mapping of motoneuron pools in Acomys cahirinus and may prove valuable for studies investigating the locomotor system in precocial species.</p>","PeriodicalId":9145,"journal":{"name":"Brain Structure & Function","volume":"230 6","pages":"86"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144224318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}