Breastfeeding Medicine最新文献

{"title":"The Century of Dr. Ruth A. Lawrence.","authors":"Elien Rouw","doi":"10.1089/bfm.2024.0238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/bfm.2024.0238","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141787212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One Pump at a Time: A Wearable Lactation Pump Pilot for Graduate Medical Education Trainees.","authors":"Virginia Sheffield, Sarah Tomlinson, Harlan McCaffery, Amanda D McCormick","doi":"10.1089/bfm.2024.0134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/bfm.2024.0134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Despite the known benefits of lactation, lactating graduate medical education (GME) trainees encounter difficulties when returning to work. Wearable lactation pumps are known to be beneficial in lactating physicians, but the benefit for GME trainees in clinical care and education has not been explored. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The objective of this study was to examine the benefits of wearable lactation pumps on education and clinical care for GME trainees. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In 2022-2023, all lactating GME trainees at a large academic center were invited to participate in a wearable pump pilot. Participants completed six baseline surveys with questions on lactation practices and individuals' perceptions before receiving the pump, repeated the six surveys after receiving the pump, and completed a monthly survey for 6 months after receiving the pump. A linear mixed methods model was used to compare reported experiences before and after receiving the wearable pump. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Twelve trainees participated in the pilot, with 10 completing pre- and post-surveys. When compared with experiences before receiving the wearable pump, there was a significant decrease in the perceived impact of lactation on clinical care (<i>p</i> = 0.03), medical education (<i>p</i> = 0.004), and missed pumping sessions (<i>p</i> = 0.02) after using the wearable pump. All participants who used the wearable pumps reported that it helped them to meet lactation goals. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Wearable pumps are beneficial to trainees and may decrease the barriers to education and clinical care. GME sponsored pump programs may better support lactating trainees on their return to work.</p>","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141757111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Rights of Physicians and Future Physicians Who Are Lactating, Breastfeeding, or Chestfeeding: An American Medical Women's Association Position Article.","authors":"Vaishnavi J Patel, Brianna Clark, Rosy Thachil, Casey Rosen-Carole, Cheryl Godcharles, Dyuti Kumar, Roberta Gebhard","doi":"10.1089/bfm.2024.0073","DOIUrl":"10.1089/bfm.2024.0073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breastfeeding is a fundamental and biologically normal function with well-established benefits for both lactating parents and infants. Despite these benefits, physicians, particularly those in training, often face significant obstacles when attempting to meet their breastfeeding and pumping goals. In response to these challenges, the American Medical Women's Association (AMWA) and a diverse group of health care professionals have come together to advocate for comprehensive lactation support policies in medical learning environments and workplaces. This position article highlights the ethical necessity of comprehensive lactation support in medical educational and workplace settings, emphasizing the importance of not only providing physical accommodations but also fostering a cultural shift, educational initiatives, and policy reforms to empower lactating parents. It offers an examination of the difficulties encountered by lactating parents within medical environments and proposes guidelines for the formulation and enhancement of supportive policies. The position article envisions a future where medical professionals can thrive in both their careers and parenthood through collaborative efforts and a commitment to the key elements of Effective Lactation Support Programs in medical workplaces based on the following: (1) well-equipped lactation facilities, (2) customized work schedules, (3) mentorship and support networks, (4) lactation support in clinical settings, and (5) research and advocacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140851373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breastfeeding Duration Reduces the Risk of Childhood Leukemia and Modifies the Risk of Developing Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders.","authors":"Abdulbari Bener, Mahmut Tokaç, Ihab Tewfik, Susu M Zughaier, Ahmet Faruk Ağan, Andrew S Day","doi":"10.1089/bfm.2024.0033","DOIUrl":"10.1089/bfm.2024.0033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objective</i></b>: The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the duration of breastfeeding in infancy reduces the risk of childhood leukemia or lymphoma, and modifies the risk of developing functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs). <b><i>Subjects and Methods:</i></b> This case-control study involved the recruitment of children with lymphoid malignancy and functional gastrointestinal symptoms with healthy children as controls. Focused questionnaires were used to collect data on breastfeeding history and other key risk factors. Univariate and multivariate analyses were undertaken. <b><i>Results</i></b>: Of the 334 children with lymphoid malignancy, 65% were male. The control group included 334 age- and sex-matched participants. Most (<i>n</i> = 189; 56.6%) of the children with leukemia were <10 years of age. Differences between cases and controls included the duration of breastfeeding (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), mean birthweight (<i>p</i> < 0.001), maternal age (<i>p</i> < 0.001), paternal age (<i>p</i> < 0.001), birth order (<i>p</i> < 0.001), mean number of children (<i>p</i> < 0.001), BMI percentile (<i>p</i> = 0.042), and maternal smoking (<i>p</i> = 0.012). Breastfeeding duration of up to 6 months' duration, when compared with feeding of longer than 6 months, was associated with increased odds ratios (OR) for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (OR = 3.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.37-4.98; <i>p</i> < 0.001), Hodgkin's lymphoma (OR = 1.58, 95% CI: 0.88-2.84, <i>p</i> = 0.120), Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (OR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.25-3.65, <i>p</i> = 0.005), and overall (OR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.40-2.71, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Cases also differed from controls with regard to FGIDs, such as stomach ache (<i>p</i> < 0.001), dyspepsia (<i>p</i> < 0.001), early satiety (<i>p</i> = 0.017), bowel satisfaction (<i>p</i> < 0.001), bloating (<i>p</i> < 0.001), nausea (<i>p</i> = 0.005), vomiting (<i>p</i> = 0.039), constipation (<i>p</i> = 0.003), diarrhea (<i>p</i> = 0.010), gastrointestinal canal congestion (<i>p</i> =0.039), muscle aches pains (<i>p</i> = 0.008), fecal incontinence (<i>p</i> = 0.021), and indigestion (<i>p</i> = 0.003). A multivariate stepwise regression analysis revealed that maternal smoking (<i>p</i> < 0.001), formula feeding (<i>p</i> < 0.001), duration of breastfeeding (<i>p</i> < 0.001), birth order (<i>p</i> = 0.002), mother's age (<i>p</i> = 0.004) and the child's birthweight (<i>p</i> = 0.009) were predictors for leukemia. Further analysis showed that dyspepsia (<i>p</i> < 0.001), gastrointestinal tract canal congestion (<i>p</i> < 0.001), constipation (<i>p</i> = 0.009), diarrhea (<i>p</i> = 0.013), bowel satisfaction (<i>p</i> = 0.021), bloating (<i>p</i> = 0.022), duration of breastfeeding (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and stomach ache (<i>p</i> = 0.025) were significant predictors for developing FGID symptoms after adjusting for age, gender, and other confounding variables. <b><i>Conclusion</i></b>: This study confirmed that br","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141537578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Dysphoric Milk Ejection Reflex on Mental Health.","authors":"Aybüke Kacır, Nalan Karabayir, Ferhat Karademir, Mine Başıbüyük, Özlem Öcal, Övgü Büke, Demet Deniz Bilgin","doi":"10.1089/bfm.2024.0055","DOIUrl":"10.1089/bfm.2024.0055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objective:</i></b> Postpartum mental health, significantly influences breastfeeding. Dysphoric milk ejection reflex (D-MER) is defined as negative emotional reaction to milk ejection, such as unpleasant feelings, anger-irritability or a strange feeling in the stomach. This study investigates the impacts of D-MER on mothers experiencing negative emotions during breastfeeding. <b><i>Method:</i></b> This cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted between July 1 and September 30, 2023 among surveyed mothers with babies of ages 0-2 experiencing discomfort while breastfeeding. Mothers reached out through Instagram and Facebook and completed a semi-structured 45-question survey using a Google form. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Out of 141 mothers, 27.7% (<i>n</i>: 39) had D-MER findings. Common emotions included tension (48%), exhaustion (43%), intolerance (41%), hypersensitivity (35%), and restlessness (33%). Symptoms reported to begin within the first month of breastfeeding in 59% of D-MER cases. Nausea was reported in 30% of mothers. The most common conditions that increased the severity of D-MER symptoms were insomnia, stress and breast fullness. Sleeping or resting, being alone, doing something else, drinking cold water, listening to music and talking to mothers who had similar experiences helped the mothers relax. In cases with D-MER findings, about 17.9% considered stopping breastfeeding, with 7.7% stopping. The postpartum depression score was ≥13 in 59% of D-MER cases. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> D-MER, which can cause early cessation of breastfeeding, may also be associated with the mother's mental health problems. Raising awareness about D-MER and equipping health professionals on this subject are important in the continuity of breastfeeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140854332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breastfeeding and Ultra-Processed Food.","authors":"Arthur I Eidelman","doi":"10.1089/bfm.2024.0174","DOIUrl":"10.1089/bfm.2024.0174","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141247423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alternative Therapies for Ankyloglossia-Associated Breastfeeding Challenges: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Raisa Chowdhury, Sami Khoury, Julie Leroux, Raihanah Alsayegh, Claire M Lawlor, M Elise Graham","doi":"10.1089/bfm.2024.0072","DOIUrl":"10.1089/bfm.2024.0072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Ankyloglossia (AG) diagnoses are increasingly common, and management is not standardized. Nonsurgical alternative therapies are frequently recommended in conjunction with or instead of frenotomy, with uncertain evidence. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To evaluate the efficacy of nonsurgical alternative therapies (chiropractic care, myofunctional therapy, and osteopathy) in improving breastfeeding for infants diagnosed with AG. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, Clinicaltrials.gov, and Google Scholar were searched (September-October 2023). Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. A librarian-designed search included the terms \"Ankyloglossia,\" \"Non-surgical,\" \"myofunctional therapy,\" \"chiropractic,\" \"osteopathy,\" and related therapies, with no date restrictions. English language studies of infants <24 months with AG and alternative therapy were included. Risk-of-bias evaluation used Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of 1,304 identified articles, four studies (2016-2022) met inclusion criteria (two cross-sectional, one case report, and one case series). All studies reported frenotomy in combination with alternative therapy yielded favorable outcomes for maternal pain, weight gain, feeding duration, and maintenance of latch. The risk of bias was moderate for two studies, low for the case series, and not calculated for the case report, which has an inherent high risk of bias. All studies lacked control or comparator groups preventing definitive conclusions about the role of alternative therapies in AG. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Although some studies suggest the potential benefits of combining alternative therapies with surgery for AG-related breastfeeding issues, the lack of control groups renders the evidence inconclusive. Nonsurgical approaches alone currently lack sufficient evidence. As these alternative therapies gain popularity, rigorous research is crucial to determine their cost-effectiveness and role in managing AG.</p>","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140859408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Paladai Cup Against Nifty Cup Feeding in Preterm Low-Birth-Weight Infants: An Open-Labeled Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Priya Dharshini Duruvasal, Usha Devi, Utkarsh Patil, Giridhar Sethuraman","doi":"10.1089/bfm.2023.0308","DOIUrl":"10.1089/bfm.2023.0308","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Neonatal Intuitive Feeding Technology (NIFTY) cup feeding has been found to be feasible in preterm low-birth-weight babies. However, literature on direct comparison of the same with paladai feeding is lacking. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In this open-labeled, randomized controlled trial, preterm infants (<34 weeks/<1800 g) on full oral gastric tube feeding for at least 3 consecutive days, eligible to be given a trial of suck and swallow cup feeding, prior to initiation of direct breastfeeding, were randomized to the two feeding intervention groups: paladai cup and Nifty cup. The primary outcome was the time taken from initiation of oral cup feeds to reaching complete gavage-free cup feeds for at least 24 hours. Secondary outcomes were the ease of use of both instruments, the adverse effects during and within 10 minutes after feeding, and anthropometric parameters (head circumference and weight gain). <b><i>Results:</i></b> The median (IQR) time taken from initiation to complete transition to full cup feeding for at least 24 hours was not significantly different [4(3,7) days in Nifty cup group versus 3(2,6) days in paladai cup group, <i>p</i> = 0.25]. Mean ± SD weight gain from intervention to discharge was also similar in both the groups (16 ± 6 g/kg/day in Nifty cup group versus 17 ± 5 g/kg/day in paladai cup group, <i>p</i> = 0.18). Adverse events did not differ (32.9% in group A versus 27.1% in group B, <i>p</i> = 0.580). Nurses did not find any difference in ease of teaching caregivers [median (IQR) Nifty cup group 4(4,5) versus paladai cup group 4(4,5), <i>p</i> = 0.13]. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The efficacy and adverse event rates were similar between Nifty cup feeding and paladai cup feeding in preterm infants. Both feeding modalities can be used prior to transition to direct breastfeeding in preterm low-birth-weight infants.</p>","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140859495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Religious Beliefs on Early Lactation in Israeli Mothers.","authors":"Sapir Alchalel, Hussein Zaitoon, Ayala Gover, Aryeh Simmonds, Arina Toropine, Arieh Riskin","doi":"10.1089/bfm.2024.0027","DOIUrl":"10.1089/bfm.2024.0027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objective:</i></b> To explore the influence of religious beliefs and faith on breastfeeding initiation among mothers in Israel. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> The study, conducted from February 2022 to July 2023 at Bnai Zion Medical Center (located in Haifa district) and Laniado hospital (located in Netanya, Sharon plain), included mothers and their partners who voluntarily completed questionnaires. The survey, comprising 26 questions, delves into religion, faith, religiosity, and infant feeding approaches, while considering various socioeconomic and health-related factors. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Religious and secular mothers exhibited a higher inclination toward exclusive breastfeeding compared with the traditional mothers (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Notably, more maternal education years were associated with more exclusive breastfeeding (odds ratio [OR] 1.59; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09-2.32; <i>p</i> = 0.017). However, older age of youngest sibling (OR 0.56; 95% CI 0.32-0.98; <i>p</i> = 0.041), cesarean delivery (OR 0.64; 95% CI 0.44-0.94; <i>p</i> = 0.023), and no desire to breastfeed during pregnancy (OR 0.67; 95% CI 0.57-0.80; <i>p</i> < 0.001) emerged as significant factors decreasing exclusive breastfeeding. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The study indicates that the level of religiosity and prenatal intention to breastfeed impact breastfeeding practices, along with maternal education, age of the youngest sibling, and delivery mode. These insights provide valuable guidance for initiatives aimed at boosting breastfeeding rates, particularly in sectors where rates are comparatively low.</p>","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140851411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breastfeeding Barriers for Preterm Infants in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Environments: A Systematic Assessment and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Chuntian Liu, Mengqing Pan, Xiaoyu Lu, Ying Gao, Jianhong Xu, Xiaochun Chen","doi":"10.1089/bfm.2024.0041","DOIUrl":"10.1089/bfm.2024.0041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Breast milk is vital for the growth and development of preterm infants. However, in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs), mothers often encounter significant challenges in breastfeeding. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> This study aims to systematically evaluate the barriers to breastfeeding in NICUs, thereby providing evidence-based support for clinical practices. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A comprehensive search was conducted in the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus databases, up to September 2023. Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 15.0, applying fixed or random effects models to calculate odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI). Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for cases and cohorts and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality standards for cross-sectional studies. Heterogeneity was evaluated using Cochran's chi-squared test (Cochran's Q) and <i>I</i>² statistics, and publication bias was assessed through funnel plots and symmetry tests. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 32 studies were included, encompassing 96,053 preterm infants. The main barriers to breastfeeding in preterm infants included: low gestational age (OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.06-1.75), lower maternal education (OR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.39-1.93), insufficient breast milk (OR = 2.09, 95% CI: 1.39-1.93), multiple births (OR = 1.615, 95% CI: 1.18-2.210), smoking (OR = 2.906, 95% CI: 2.239-3.771), and single motherhood (OR = 1.439, 95% CI: 1.251-1.654). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> This study underscores the need for individualized breastfeeding support strategies in NICUs, taking into account the diverse backgrounds of mothers. Future research should focus on unraveling the underlying mechanisms affecting breastfeeding in preterm infants, with the goal of enhancing breastfeeding rates and improving developmental outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140847881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}