Breast Cancer Research and Treatment最新文献

{"title":"Classifying the molecular subtype of breast cancer using vision transformer and convolutional neural network features.","authors":"Chiharu Kai, Hideaki Tamori, Tsunehiro Ohtsuka, Miyako Nara, Akifumi Yoshida, Ikumi Sato, Hitoshi Futamura, Naoki Kodama, Satoshi Kasai","doi":"10.1007/s10549-025-07614-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10549-025-07614-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Identification of the molecular subtypes in breast cancer allows to optimize treatment strategies, but usually requires invasive needle biopsy. Recently, non-invasive imaging has emerged as promising means to classify them. Magnetic resonance imaging is often used for this purpose because it is three-dimensional and highly informative. Instead, only a few reports have documented the use of mammograms. Given that mammography is the first choice for breast cancer screening, using it to classify molecular subtypes would allow for early intervention on a much wider scale. Here, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of combining global and local mammographic features by using Vision Transformer (ViT) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to classify molecular subtypes in breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The feature values for binary classification were calculated using the ViT and EfficientnetV2 feature extractors, followed by dimensional compression via principal component analysis. LightGBM was used to perform binary classification of each molecular subtype: triple-negative, HER2-enriched, luminal A, and luminal B.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The combination of ViT and CNN achieved higher accuracy than ViT or CNN alone. The sensitivity for triple-negative subtypes was very high (0.900, with F-value = 0.818); whereas F-value and sensitivity were 0.720 and 0.750 for HER2-enriched, 0.765 and 0.867 for luminal A, and 0.614 and 0.711 for luminal B subtypes, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Features obtained from mammograms by combining ViT and CNN allow the classification of molecular subtypes with high accuracy. This approach could streamline early treatment workflows and triage, especially for poor prognosis subtypes such as triple-negative breast cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":9133,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"771-782"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence trends of ductal carcinoma in situ in New Zealand women between 1999 and 2022.","authors":"Qian Chen, Mark Elwood, Ian Campbell, Alana Cavadino, Phyu Sin Aye, Sandar Tin Tin","doi":"10.1007/s10549-024-07582-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10549-024-07582-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In New Zealand, BreastScreen Aotearoa (BSA), a biennial national breast screening programme, was implemented in 1998. This study examines the incidence trends of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) in New Zealand women from 1999 to 2022.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All women with a primary diagnosis of DCIS over the 24-year study period were identified from the New Zealand Cancer Registry and BSA records. Age-standardised incidence rates (ASIR), detection rates (ASDR) and average annual percent changes were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The annual ASIR was 13.5 per 100,000 New Zealand women, and increased by 0.91% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.26%, 1.66%) annually. Among women aged 45-69 years during 2006-2022, the annual ASIR was 36.3 for programme-detected DCIS, increasing 1.29% (95%CI: 0.13%, 2.73%) per year, and 14.2 for non-programme-detected DCIS, with no significant changes over the study period. The programme-detected ASIRs were highest for Pacific (38.6), Asian (38.2), and Māori (38.0) women. The programme ASDR was 0.55 per 1000 women screened, with no significant changes over time, and was highest for Asian (0.69), and Māori and Pacific (both at 0.65) women.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DCIS incidence increased in New Zealand women from 1999 to 2022, driven by an increase in screening participation, and varied by ethnicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":9133,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"439-449"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11930874/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143036794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Canadian real-world, multi-center, prospective, observational study assessing the treatment duration, the treatment sequence, and the overall survival for patients treated with endocrine therapy ± targeted therapy in HR + HER2-negative advanced breast cancer.","authors":"Catherine Doyle, Ana Elisa Lohmann, Nayyer Iqbal, Jan-Willem Henning, Swati Kulkarni, Nadia Califaretti, John Hilton, Cristiano Ferrario, Nathaniel Bouganim, Mihaela Mates, Stephanie Guillemette, Ricardo Leite, Marc-Andre Caron, Francois Thireau, Andres Machado, Stephen Chia","doi":"10.1007/s10549-024-07580-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10549-024-07580-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Understanding real-world treatment patterns and their effectiveness in HR + HER2- advanced breast cancer (aBC) in Canadian patients.</p><p><strong>Patient and methods: </strong>This was a multi-center, observational, prospective cohort study including men and pre-/peri-/postmenopausal women with HR + HER2- aBC receiving endocrine therapy (ET) or ET + targeted therapy (ET + TT). The primary objective was duration of treatment (DOT) with ET and ET + TT. Sequence of therapies, treatment patterns, and Overall Survival (OS) were also evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DOT was prolonged in patients receiving ET + TT compared to ET (median DOT: ET + TT 397 days vs ET 192 days; Log-Rank test p value < .0001; HR = 0.66; 95% CI; 0.52, 0.85). An extended DOT was observed in ET + CDK4/6i subgroup when compared to ET (median DOT: ET + CDK4/6i 601 days vs ET 192 days; Log-Rank test p value < .0001). This increase was statistically significant irrespective of line of therapy at baseline (1L: median DOT: ET + CDK4/6i: 649 days vs ET: 217 days, p value =  < .0001; 2L: median DOT: ET + CDK4/6i: 487 days vs ET: 203 days, p value = 0.0013; 3L: median DOT: ET + CDK4/6i: 597 days vs ET: 143 days therapy: p value = 0.0006). ET alone and ET + CDK4/6i were the most frequently administered therapies in both 1st (ET alone: 43.5% and ET + CDK4/6i: 43.3%) and 2nd lines (ET alone: 36.3% and ET + CDK4/6i: 24.6%). Among patients who received at least one CDK4/6i in 1st, 2nd, or 3rd line, CDK4/6i were mostly administered in 1st line (61.9%) and 2nd line (38.5%).</p><p><strong>Clinicaltrials: </strong>gov ID: NCT02753686; Registration Date:20-04-2016.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results support current treatment recommendations of early introduction of CDK4/6i in HR + /HER2- aBC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9133,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"425-438"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11930880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143022114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contribution of large genomic rearrangements in BRCA1/2 genes and CHEK2 1100delC allele variant to the development of breast/ovarian cancer in Argentinian population.","authors":"Luciana Berlanga, Vanesa Lotersztein, Eliseo I Aranda, Roxana Cerretini","doi":"10.1007/s10549-024-07576-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10549-024-07576-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Among women in Argentina, the most common cancer is breast cancer (BC) with 21,631 new cases and 6436 deaths per year. The ovarian cancer (OC) is fifteenth in frequency. The contribution of cancer-related large genomic rearrangements (LGRs) of the BRCA1/BRCA2 genes and the 1100delC allelic variant in the CHEK2 gene has not yet been widely studied in our population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>LGRs in the BRCA1/BRCA2 genes and the CHEK2 1100delC variant were analyzed using the MLPA technique in 85 unselected Argentinian BC/OC patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A pathogenic genetic variant (PV) was found in eleven out of 85 (12,9%) patients, 10 were LGRs in the BRCA1 gene, 9 deletions and one duplication and one the CHEK2 1100delC. Large deletions of exons 1-2 and 15 in BRCA1 gene were recurrent anomalies in our series.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>LGRs in the BRCA1 gene contributed significantly to the burden of PVs responsible for the development of BC and OC in our study population. On the other hand, the 1100delC variant in CHEK2 was observed at a very low frequency in our series formed mainly by the Spanish, Italian and Amerindian ethnic groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":9133,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"385-391"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of survival between unilateral and bilateral breast cancers using propensity score matching: a retrospective single-center analysis.","authors":"Talar Ozler, Rusen Cosar, Necdet Sut, Dilek Nurlu, Şule Parlar, Sinan Ateş, Mert Hacı Dertli, Yusuf Kavuzlu, Sekip Kavukcu, Mert Chousein, Gokay Yıldız, Nermin Tunçbilek, Muhammet Bekir Hacıoglu, Ebru Tastekin, Sernaz Topaloğlu","doi":"10.1007/s10549-024-07606-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10549-024-07606-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The characteristics of patients with bilateral and unilateral breast cancer at the time of diagnosis or during follow-up have been compared, focusing on the differences in disease-free survival and overall survival between these groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 1,947 patients diagnosed with invasive carcinoma were included in the study. 1876 ​​(96.4%) of our patients had unilateral and 71 (3.6%) had bilateral breast cancer. Among the bilateral breast cancer patients n = 47 were metachronous, while n = 24 were synchronous.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SBBC, which had the lowest OS duration, showed a statistically significant difference compared to MBCC, similar to that observed in unilateral breast cancer (p = 0.027).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The fact that SBBC has the lowest survival rate despite more aggressive treatments should be considered a poor prognostic factor for survival on its own.</p>","PeriodicalId":9133,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"673-686"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11953229/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142944643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vascularized lymph node transfer (VLNT) versus lymphaticovenous anastomosis (LVA) for chronic breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL): a retrospective cohort study of effectiveness over time.","authors":"Elisabeth A Kappos, Adriano Fabi, Florian S Halbeisen, Alina Abu-Ghazaleh, Julia Stoffel, Birgit Aufmesser-Freyhardt, Julia Bukowiecki, Tristan M Handschin, Christoph Andree, Martin D Haug, Dirk J Schaefer, Sonia Fertsch, Katrin Seidenstücker","doi":"10.1007/s10549-024-07567-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10549-024-07567-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Microsurgical reconstruction, including vascularized lymph node transfer (VLNT) and lymphaticovenous anastomosis (LVA), have emerged as promising treatment options for chronic breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL). Despite their clinical relevance, the precise timelines for patient improvement following these interventions remain rather unexplored. Therefore, the goal of this study was to compare the long-term outcomes and improvement patterns over time of VLNT versus LVA to lay open potential differences and aid in personalized counseling of future patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospectively maintained, encrypted database was analyzed for patients with chronic BCRL treated with either VLNT or LVA with a minimum follow-up of one year. Patient-specific variables, such as body weight and circumferential arm measurements at distinct locations on both arms were documented preoperatively and on regular postoperative outpatient follow-ups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study comprised 112 patients, of which 107 patients fully completed the one-year follow-up period. Both VLNT and LVA achieved significant arm size reductions. LVA showed an early peak in effectiveness within the first three months, followed by a subsequent decrease and eventual stabilization. Contrarily, VLNT exhibited a distinct pattern with two significant peaks at three and eighteen months.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>VLNT and LVA are both effective in long-term lymphedema management, yet they demonstrate marked differences in the timing of improvement. VLNT shows a delayed but more durable response, in contrast to the greater but shorter-lasting surge in effectiveness achieved by LVA. Interestingly, VLNT demonstrates an earlier onset of therapeutic impact than previously understood.</p>","PeriodicalId":9133,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"319-327"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11930869/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142799377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency of somatic and germline variants of predisposition genes in young Chinese women with breast cancer.","authors":"Yuchun Xu, Qindong Cai, Jing Li, Wenhui Guo, Lili Chen, Minyan Chen, Yuxiang Lin, Yali Wang, Weifeng Cai, Yibin Qiu, Peng He, Shunyi Liu, Chuan Wang, Fangmeng Fu","doi":"10.1007/s10549-024-07602-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10549-024-07602-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Age stratification influences the clinicopathological features and survival outcomes of breast cancer. We aimed to understand the effect of age on gene variants in young Chinese women with breast cancer compared with those from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Enrolled patients ≤ 40 years old (N = 370) underwent germline or somatic genetic testing using a 32-gene hereditary cancer panel at Fujian Union Hospital. Significant alterations of germline and somatic genes were analyzed. The frequency of somatic variants was compared between enrolled patients and patients from TCGA who were divided into two groups (≤ 40 years and > 40 years).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the enrolled patients (median age 36; range 25-40), 335 underwent germline genetic testing and 174 underwent simultaneous somatic genetic testing. We detected 44 germline pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants in 42 (12.5%) patients, where BRCA1/2 was the most common gene (29.8.5%). Family history of first-degree relatives was significantly associated with pathogenic variants (p < 0.001). Somatic Tier I/II mutation frequency was like that of patients ≤ 40 from TCGA (N = 97). More PIK3CA and TP53 mutations in luminal A and basal-like tumors, respectively, were detected in young patients than in patients > 40 from TCGA (N = 975). No significant differences were observed in other breast cancer subtypes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results provide a spectrum of genomic alterations in young Chinese women and highlight different frequencies of gene variants in young Asian patients versus Western patients with breast cancer. Further research should explore the biological mechanism to provide more treatment strategies for young Asian women.</p>","PeriodicalId":9133,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"635-644"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142930039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hormone-associated dietary patterns and premenopausal breast cancer risk.","authors":"Sable N Fest, Leslie V Farland, David R Doody, A Heather Eliassen, Bernard A Rosner, Teresa T Fung, Susan E Hankinson, Thomas W Kensler, Walter C Willett, Holly R Harris","doi":"10.1007/s10549-025-07689-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-025-07689-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Circulating levels of sex steroid hormones have previously been associated with premenopausal breast cancer risk. Few studies have considered the association between dietary patterns and premenopausal hormone levels. Our objective was to derive dietary patterns associated with premenopausal hormone levels and investigate the association between pattern scores and premenopausal breast cancer risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using reduced rank regression among a subset of participants from the Nurses' Health Study II (NHSII) (n = 8,962), we identified dietary patterns correlated with premenopausal levels of five sex steroid hormones measured in the follicular and luteal phases. Then, in the full NHSII cohort (n = 90,341), we used Cox proportional hazards models to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) for breast cancer risk associated with each dietary pattern score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Dietary patterns were identified for luteal estradiol, luteal free estradiol, follicular estrone, luteal estrone, and free testosterone. However, these patterns explained a low percent variation in individual hormone levels, ranging from 2.5-4.1%. During 24 years of follow-up, 1,956 premenopausal breast cancer cases were ascertained. Dietary patterns associated with luteal free estradiol (HR for fifth versus first quintile = 1.29; 95% CI = 1.11-1.49; P_trend < 0.01) and follicular estrone (HR for fifth versus first quintile = 1.28; 95% CI = 1.10-1.49; P_trend < 0.01) were positively associated with premenopausal breast cancer risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings indicate that while some dietary factors may marginally influence premenopausal hormone levels, the relation between sex steroid hormones and premenopausal breast cancer risk is likely not driven by diet. Future studies should consider other mechanisms through which diet may impact breast cancer risk, including inflammatory processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9133,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the impact of histological vs. nuclear grading on CPS + EG Score for HR + /HER2-early breast cancer.","authors":"M Braun, M Hamann, C Hanusch, A Andrulat, E Bensmann, M Pölcher, M Beer, E Huber","doi":"10.1007/s10549-025-07685-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-025-07685-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The CPS + EG score, widely used for risk assessment in high-risk HR + /HER2-early breast cancer following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), integrates clinical and pathological staging, estrogen receptor status, and nuclear grading (nG). However, histological grading (hG) is often used in clinical practice due to better availability. This study aims to assess the concordance between nG and hG and examine their impact on CPS + EG scores.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted at the Red Cross Hospital Munich with two cohorts. Cohort 1 included 610 consecutively treated patients in 2022 to evaluate the concordance of nG and hG scores. Cohort 2 involved 106 high-risk patients treated between 2019 and 2022, comparing CPS + EG scores calculated using nG versus hG values.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In Cohort 1, nG and hG were discordant in 31.2% of cases, with nG3 classifications outnumbering hG3. Cohort 2 showed a similar discordance rate of 33.0%, with more tumors classified as nG3 (52.8%) than hG3 (36.8%). Among non-pCR patients, a CPS + EG score of ≥ 3 was found in 29.7% of cases with nG, versus 19.0% with hG, indicating hG may underestimate risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Using hG instead of nG for CPS + EG calculations may underestimate risks related to distant metastasis-free and disease-specific survival, suggesting a potential need for nG prioritization in clinical risk assessments.</p>","PeriodicalId":9133,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143742345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biology, care, and outcomes of gestational breast cancers: a review.","authors":"Niharika Duggirala, Shiliang Zhang, Aashini Master, Rashmi Rao, Nimmi S Kapoor, Aditya Bardia, Marla Lipsyc-Sharf","doi":"10.1007/s10549-025-07684-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-025-07684-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The incidence of gestational breast cancers, breast cancers diagnosed during pregnancy, is increasing. There is a critical need to understand the pathophysiology, treatment recommendations, and remaining questions regarding care and therapeutics for this complex condition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Here, we review existing data regarding evaluation and management of gestational breast cancer, including safe imaging modalities, timing and choice of chemotherapy, evidence regarding targeted therapies during pregnancy. We highlight the importance of multidisciplinary care including oncologic, obstetric, and psychosocial care.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Gestational breast cancers are associated with unique biologic and clinicopathologic features that are impacted by physiologic changes of pregnancy such as upregulation of target genes associated with cell proliferation and immune regulation. Patients with gestational breast cancers more often present at advanced stages, are more likely to have aggressive tumor subtypes (i.e., triple negative or HER2 positive), and overall have worse prognoses than patients with non-gestational breast cancers. In this review, we synthesize recommendations for treatment strategies based on pregnancy trimester, optimal timing and choice of surgery, chemotherapy, targeted therapies, and psychosocial support.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Developing a framework for clinical care and treatment of patients with gestational breast cancers is integral to improving outcomes for patients with gestational breast cancers. Optimal treatment includes collaborative management with a multidisciplinary team dedicated to both maternal and fetal care.</p>","PeriodicalId":9133,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143742342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}