Breast Cancer Research and Treatment最新文献

{"title":"Receptor discordance between primary tumors and nodal metastases and correlation with the 21-gene recurrence score in early-stage, estrogen receptor-positive, node-positive breast cancer.","authors":"Serena Zheng, Peggy Sullivan, Kumkum Vadehra, Jiyoon Kim, Alexis Levee, Rena Callahan, Mediget Teshome, Chi-Hong Tseng, Aditya Bardia, Nimmi S Kapoor","doi":"10.1007/s10549-026-08009-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10549-026-08009-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In estrogen receptor (ER)-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer, systemic therapy decisions are often made on the biomarker status of the primary tumor, along with the Oncotype DX Recurrence Score^® (RS). Biomarker testing of nodal metastases is not routine, despite reported receptor discordance. We quantified ER/PR/HER2 discordance between primary tumors and axillary lymph node metastases and evaluated associations with RS and clinicopathologic features.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective study of women with stage II-III, ER-positive, HER2-negative, node-positive invasive breast cancer who underwent upfront surgery and Oncotype DX testing of the primary tumor between 2016 and 2020. ER, PR, and HER2 immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed on archived nodal metastases. Discordance in ER/PR percent positivity and HER2 IHC score between primary and lymph node metastases was scored ordinally from 0 to 2 for no, mild, or marked difference, respectively. Associations with RS, tumor and nodal burden, and treatment were analyzed using standard parametric and nonparametric tests with statistical significance set at p < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 555 patients with RS testing, 91 patients met inclusion criteria and 73 had available nodal tissue. Discordance in at least one receptor was high overall, occurring in 56/73 (77%) cases. The discordance rate for ER was 15%, PR was 32%, and HER2 was 66% (58% mild, 8% marked). One case demonstrated loss of ER positivity in the node, and 14 demonstrated loss of PR positivity in the node; no primary HER2-negative tumor converted to HER2-positive (IHC 3+) disease in the node. Greater amount of HER2 discordance was associated with larger primary tumors and larger size of nodal metastatic deposits. Higher RS correlated with lower primary ER and PR expression and higher volume of nodal burden (p < 0.05 for each) but was not significantly associated with receptor discordance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Receptor discordance between primary tumors and nodal metastases is common, with most shifts occurring within the HER2-spectrum. There was a trend toward higher RS and ER or HER2-receptor discordance. HER2 discordance was also associated with larger tumor size and larger size of nodal metastasis. As strategies emerge to target HER2-low cohorts and to include ER-low/HER2-negative disease within treatment regimens for TNBC, it may become important to consider receptor testing of nodal disease in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":9133,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer Research and Treatment","volume":"217 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13287169/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148293383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is endothelial dysfunction induced by aromatase inhibitors reversible after treatment?","authors":"Mohamed S Dabour, Adnan Shaaban, Daniel A Duprez, Beshay N Zordoky, Anne H Blaes","doi":"10.1007/s10549-026-08007-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10549-026-08007-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are standard therapy for postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. However, prolonged AI use is associated with increased cardiovascular (CV) risk, including hypertension, and endothelial dysfunction. This study evaluated the longitudinal changes in endothelial function during AI therapy, and whether AI-induced endothelial dysfunction is reversible post-discontinuation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients were recruited before or within one month of AI initiation (Pre/early AI), during AI therapy, and after discontinuation (Post-AI) from two prospective studies. Patients with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, or tobacco use were excluded. Vascular assessments included peripheral arterial tonometry (EndoPAT) for endothelial function (abnormal if ratio < 1.67) and artery elasticity indices. Estradiol, lipid profiles, and inflammatory markers were also measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 12 Pre/early AI patients, 67 visits from 41 patients during AI (median 2.89 years on AI), and 9 Post-AI patients (median 4.17 years follow-up). EndoPAT ratio was significantly impaired during AI therapy compared to the Pre/early AI (median: 0.86 vs 2.19). The EndoPAT ratio declined as early as six months and showed a progressive decline over time. Post-discontinuation, the EndoPAT ratio was only partially and not significantly restored (median: 1.08) despite full estradiol restoration and long follow-up. Arterial elasticity showed no significant changes. Systolic blood pressure increased modestly during AI therapy and returned to baseline after discontinuation, while diastolic pressure remained unchanged. Circulating interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α significantly decreased following AI discontinuation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AI therapy is associated with significant and progressive endothelial dysfunction, which does not fully recover after treatment cessation, highlighting the importance of CV monitoring in patients receiving long-term AI therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9133,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer Research and Treatment","volume":"217 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13287299/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148293404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and toxicity of neoadjuvant chemotherapy versus chemo-immunotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer patients with and without germline BRCA mutations.","authors":"Tal Etan, Lior Cohen, Yael Bar, Yasmin Leshem, Shir Lerner, Irina Stepansky, Iris Shiran, Amir Sonnenblick, Shlomit Strulov Shachar","doi":"10.1007/s10549-026-08006-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10549-026-08006-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The addition of pembrolizumab (KN522) to neoadjuvant doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide (AC), carboplatin and paclitaxel (TC) has significantly improved survival, albeit with increased toxicity. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and toxicity of KN522 and to decouple the relative contributions of germline BRCA mutations (gBRCAmut) and pembrolizumab addition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis of patients with stage II-III triple negative breast cancer, treated at a single tertiary medical center with either KN522 or ACTC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 127 patients, four cohorts were evaluated: (1) KN522-gBRCAmut (n = 26), (2) KN522-BRCA wildtype (n = 53), (3) ACTC-gBRCAmut (n = 18), (4) ACTC-BRCA wildtype (n = 30). The KN522-gBRCAmut cohort achieved a remarkable pCR rate of 92.3%, compared to 60.4%, 55.6% and 36.7% in cohorts (2), (3) and (4) respectively. Multivariable analysis identified the KN522 protocol (OR 3.69, 95% CI 1.66-8.20; p = 0.001) and gBRCAmut status (OR 3.78, 95% CI 1.57-9.12; p = 0.003) as independent predictors of pCR. Achieving pCR was associated with improved event-free and overall survival (OS) in univariate analyses. In multivariable models, however, pCR remained a significant independent predictor of OS only (HR = 0.15, 95% CI: 0.03-0.72, p = 0.018). KN522 was associated with higher hospitalization rates (40.5% vs. 14.6%, p = 0.003) and more neutropenic fever (NF) events (32.9% vs. 2.1%, p < 0.001), likely due to lower G-CSF prophylaxis during the AC part of the KN522 protocol (21.5% vs. 68.8%, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this analysis, gBRCAmut carriers treated with KN522 achieved remarkably high pCR rates. The observed 40% hospitalizations, primarily due to NF, highlights the need for supportive care optimization, including G-CSF consideration.</p>","PeriodicalId":9133,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer Research and Treatment","volume":"217 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13287100/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148293397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical implications of discordance in HER2 reassessment from HercepTest to 4B5 in metastatic breast cancer.","authors":"Yuhei Yamaguchi, Mai Hoshino, Tatsunori Shimoi, Hiroki Tamura, Yutaka Natori, Takuro Saiki, Taro Yamanaka, Rui Kitadai, Ayumi Saito, Shosuke Kita, Aiko Maejima, Yuki Kojima, Kazuki Sudo, Akiko Miyagi Maeshima, Takeshi Murata, Shin Takayama, Yasuto Naoi, Kan Yonemori, Masayuki Yoshida","doi":"10.1007/s10549-026-07994-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10549-026-07994-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>HER2-low breast cancer has emerged as a therapeutic category following the DESTINY-Breast04 trial, where trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) improved survival. As the Ventana 4B5 assay was the companion diagnostic in this trial, many patients previously tested with the Dako HercepTest required reassessment. However, the frequency and clinical predictors of discrepancies between these assays remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate discordance frequency between HercepTest^® and 4B5 and identify associated clinicopathological factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed patients who underwent prior HER2 testing with HercepTest and subsequent reassessment with 4B5 between May 2023 and November 2024 at our institution. The primary endpoint was reassessment discordance, and secondary analyses examined the clinicopathological predictors of discordance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty-four patients (median age: 58 years) were included. Specimens were obtained from primary tumors (28.6%) and metastatic lesions (71.4%); 15.5% were resections and 84.5% were biopsies. The discordance rate between HercepTest^® and 4B5 was 60.7%, most commonly a shift from 2 + to 1+, followed by 1 + to 0. Multivariable analysis identified progesterone receptor negativity (odds ratio [OR] 3.84, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.39-11.59, p = 0.01) and metastatic site sampling (OR 3.77, 95% CI 1.14-13.67, p = 0.03) as independent predictors. Approximately one-quarter of discordant patients lost their HER2-low status and potential eligibility for T-DXd.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Discordance between HercepTest^® and 4B5 is frequent and clinically consequential, leading to reclassification based on 4B5 that affects eligibility assessment in a substantial subset of patients. These findings highlight the need for careful interpretation of HER2 results in real-world reassessment and increased awareness of diagnostic variability in HER2-low classification.</p>","PeriodicalId":9133,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer Research and Treatment","volume":"217 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13287252/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148293459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extracellular vesicles in nipple discharge for breast cancer screening.","authors":"Yuri Ozaki, Kosuke Yoshida, Takahiro Ichikawa, Masami Kitagawa, Masamichi Kato, Ravi Velaga, Madoka Iwase, Yuko Takano, Dai Takeuchi, Toyone Kikumori, Kazuyoshi Murata, Takao Yasui, Masayuki Nagahashi, Tomoki Ebata, Hiroaki Kajiyama, Norikazu Masuda, Akira Yokoi","doi":"10.1007/s10549-026-07975-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10549-026-07975-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Nipple discharge (ND) is one of its major symptoms of breast cancer. However, the low volume of NDs has limited their diagnostic capability. This study aimed to identify extracellular vesicles (EVs) miRNAs in ND using cellulose nanofiber (CNF) sheets to develop clinical biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with ND from two independent institutions between 2023 and 2024 were included. ND-EVs were isolated from 23 samples [normal, n = 8; intraductal papilloma, n = 1; ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), n = 8; invasive ductal carcinoma, n = 6] using CNF sheets. Additionally, miRNAs were also analyzed from intracystic fluid, tumor tissue, and tissue surface EVs from the same patients, and miRNA sequencing was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>miRNA sequencing for ND-EVs revealed distinct clustering between cancer and normal groups, identifying miR-342-3p, miR-20b-5p, and miR-550a-5p as candidate biomarkers. ND-EV miRNA profiles reflected tumor tissue characteristics, especially in DCIS. Four additional miRNAs (miR-92b-3p, miR-375-3p, miR-182-5p, miR-96-5p) were commonly upregulated in DCIS tissue, tissue surface, and ND-EVs. These miRNAs were validated by qRT-PCR. ROC curve analyses demonstrated that combining the five miRNAs yielded high diagnostic performance, with AUCs of 0.902 for breast cancer and 0.938 for DCIS. A subset of three miRNAs also showed robust discrimination ability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ND-EV miRNAs collected via CNF sheets show great potential as noninvasive biomarkers for early breast cancer detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":9133,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer Research and Treatment","volume":"217 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13275771/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148263028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rediscovering the Ciucci pathway: in-vivo evidence of a palmar lymphatic channel.","authors":"Madeleine Givant, James E Fanning, Angela Chen, Angeannie Lefevre, Sarah Thomson, Kathleen Shillue, Aaron Fleishman, Agustin N Posso, José Luis Ciucci, Dhruv Singhal","doi":"10.1007/s10549-026-08003-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10549-026-08003-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In 1996, Ciucci et al. described the presence of a lymphatic channel in the palmar skin that spanned the first interdigital space and anastomosed with lymphatic collaterals on the dorsal surface of the hand. This palmar lymphatic channel (a pathway we have named the Ciucci pathway) has yet to be described with in-vivo imaging. As the Ciucci pathway is a superficial-to-deep lymphatic communication, its visualization may provide insight into altered lymphatic routing following axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). Therefore, we investigated our ability to image this pathway with indocyanine green (ICG) lymphography.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Healthy female volunteer and female breast cancer survivors without a history of BCRL at least two years after ALND underwent lymphatic mapping of the upper extremities with ICG lymphography. ICG was injected in six standard sites in the hand/wrist and upper arm. The presence of the Ciucci pathway was recorded and compared between cohorts with Fisher's exact test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>110 arms of 55 healthy volunteers and 31 at-risk arms of 31 breast cancer survivors without BCRL were included. The Ciucci pathway was present in one of 110 (0.9%) healthy female volunteer arms and present in five of 31 (16.1%) at-risk arms of breast cancer survivors (p = 0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Ciucci pathway was more frequently observed in the at-risk arms of volunteers with a history of ALND without BCRL than in the arms of healthy female volunteers. While the functional significance of this pathway remains unclear, its presence may represent superficial-to-deep lymphatic collateralization following ALND.</p>","PeriodicalId":9133,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer Research and Treatment","volume":"217 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148249179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of cardiometabolic health on treatment outcomes in early-stage triple-negative breast cancer receiving chemoimmunotherapy.","authors":"Jasmin Hundal, Asfand Cheema, Akram Abushamma, Kirti Arora, Xiaoying Chen, Kelly Fargo, Maiti Baidehi","doi":"10.1007/s10549-026-07995-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10549-026-07995-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) lacks effective targeted therapies, and pivotal trials of pembrolizumab with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (KEYNOTE-522) underrepresent patients with cardiometabolic comorbidities. We evaluated how metabolic dysfunction affects treatment tolerability, pathologic complete response (pCR), and overall survival (OS) in routine care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study of women with early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) treated with the KEYNOTE-522 regimen at the Cleveland Clinic between January 1, 2020, and March 31, 2025. Metabolic syndrome was defined using a constellation of cardiometabolic risk factors consistent with criteria proposed by the American Heart Association and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, adapted to available real-world clinical data (BMI, HbA1c in place of fasting glucose, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, HDL < 50 mg/dL, triglycerides > 150 mg/dL; ≥3 criteria). Data included demographics, tumor characteristics, treatment details, cardiometabolic comorbidities, CTCAE-graded adverse events, pathologic complete response (pCR), and overall survival (OS). Kaplan-Meier methods estimated survival; logistic regression evaluated predictors of pCR; Cox proportional hazards models assessed OS. Median follow-up was 28.8 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 222 patients with early-stage TNBC treated with the KEYNOTE-522 regimen, 55 (24.8%) met criteria for metabolic syndrome. Patients with metabolic syndrome were older (median 65 vs. 55 years, p = 0.0004) and more frequently Black (43.6% vs. 18.0%). Cardiometabolic comorbidities were more prevalent, including obesity (85.5% vs. 35.9%), diabetes (72.7% vs. 7.8%), hypertension (69.1% vs. 24.6%), CKD (21.8% vs. 4.8%), low HDL (83.6% vs. 12.0%), and elevated triglycerides (58.2% vs. 6.0%) (all p < 0.001). Dose reductions were more frequent among patients with metabolic syndrome (32.7% vs. 20.4%), with similar treatment discontinuation rates. pCR rates did not differ significantly (72.7% vs. 68.9%, p = 0.62), and no cardiometabolic factors independently predicted pCR. With median follow-up of 28.8 months, metabolic syndrome was associated with worse overall survival. Hypertension (HR 3.83, 95% CI 1.47-9.96, p = 0.006) and diabetes (HR 3.07, 95% CI 1.33-7.08, p = 0.009) were independent predictors of mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cardiometabolic comorbidities, particularly hypertension, were associated with poorer survival and greater treatment intolerance despite preserved pCR. Systematic cardiometabolic assessment and proactive management should be integrated into TNBC care.</p>","PeriodicalId":9133,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer Research and Treatment","volume":"217 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13263220/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148223369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast: a case series of 26 patients.","authors":"Imed Taleb, Sarah Witmeyer, Constance Huck, Marion Fournier, Sophie Auriol, Marc Debled, Adeline Petit, Anne de la Rochefordiere, Gaetan Mac Grogan, Olivier Tredan, Wafa Bouleftour, Benoite Méry, Nicolas Magné","doi":"10.1007/s10549-026-07996-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10549-026-07996-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although triple-negative, adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast (ACCB) is an uncommon, slow-growing malignancy with a favorable prognosis. There are no treatment standards or therapeutic consensus because of its scarcity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data on 26 patients with ACCB from two distinct French cancer centers were presented in this study. Clinical, histological and molecular features of these carcinomas were described. Therapeutic management and patient follow-up was also reported.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median age of this cohort was 59 years [22-82] and the median follow-up was 4.2 years [0.5-23.9]. The most represented stages were IA (45.5%) and IIA (31.8%), with T1-T2 representing nineteen cases (86.3%). Four patients had axillary node metastases. Only 3 tumors were ER or PR positive. All tumors were HER-2 negative. Nine patients had a rearrangement of the MYB gene. Twenty-five patients had initial surgery. Adjuvant chemotherapy was administered to three patient. Twenty patients received adjuvant radiotherapy. At last follow-up, five of the patients had died from complications of the disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although ACCB generally has a good prognosis, the treatment of this rare type of breast cancer remains challenging to ensure favorable outcomes with minimal sequelae. Initial staging and long-term follow-up using appropriate imaging modalities are essential for selecting tailored treatment strategies and detecting early relapses.</p>","PeriodicalId":9133,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer Research and Treatment","volume":"217 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148223180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: The impact of cardiovascular risk factors on cancer progression: a prospective study in female breast cancer survivors.","authors":"Xinyi Feng, Zhengyi Deng, Michelle S McCullough, Betty J May, Erica Selznick, Jennifer Y Sheng, Avonne E Connor, Deborah K Armstrong, Kala Visvanathan","doi":"10.1007/s10549-026-07966-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10549-026-07966-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9133,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer Research and Treatment","volume":"217 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148223194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-monthly gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist for ovarian function suppression in premenopausal breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Caio Dabbous de Liz, Pedro C Abrahão Reis, Ellen R Blanchard-Cavagis, Isabela C Diniz, Heloísa Carneiro Brito, Filipe Luis Vasconcelos Visani","doi":"10.1007/s10549-026-07960-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10549-026-07960-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Ovarian function suppression (OFS) with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa) improves outcomes in premenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive (HR +) breast cancer (BC), most commonly using monthly administration. The potential equivalence of 3-monthly (3 M) versus monthly (1 M) schedules has been suggested but remains uncertain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of interventional studies comparing 3 M and 1 M GnRHa regimens in premenopausal women with HR + BC receiving endocrine therapy. Outcomes included ovarian escape (OE), mean estradiol (E2) levels, disease-free survival (DFS), progression-free survival (PFS), and adverse events. Subgroup analyses were performed by estradiol assay type, and a sensitivity analysis restricted to RCTs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifteen studies comprising 4,324 patients were included, of whom 2,098 (48%) received a 3 M regimen. The pooled OE was 10% and showed no significant difference between schedules (RR 0.86; 95% CI 0.60-1.22; p = 0.39). Ultrasensitive assays yielded higher OE detection (31%) without inter-regimen differences (RR 0.90; 95% CI 0.38-2.14). Mean E2 concentrations at 12 weeks were similar (MD 1.36 pg/mL; 95% CI -3.66 to 6.38), with consistent findings in RCT-only analyses (MD -1.77 pg/mL; 95% CI -5.71 to 2.17). DFS (RR 1.02; 95% CI 0.67-1.56) and PFS (RR 0.86; 95% CI 0.72-1.04) were also comparable. No clinically relevant differences were observed in reported safety outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>3 M GnRHa achieved OFS efficacy comparable to 1 M regimens, with no meaningful differences in survival or safety. The findings support 3 M GnRHa as a valid and practical alternative for OFS in appropriately selected premenopausal women with HR + BC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9133,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer Research and Treatment","volume":"217 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13263206/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148223359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}