BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies最新文献

{"title":"Ethnopharmacological study of medicinal plants used for breast cancer treatment among traditional herbalists and patients in Central and Western Cameroon.","authors":"Constantin Chokofi Fongho, Alfloditte Flore Feudjio, Natacha Lena Yembeau, Paul Jean Assam Assam, Etienne Okobalemba Atenguena, Constant Anatole Pieme","doi":"10.1186/s12906-026-05446-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12906-026-05446-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The high diversity of ecology, climate, and floral of Cameroon constitutes a veritable reservoir of medicinal plants. The search for new, safe, effective, and inexpensive alternative therapies for the treatment of breast cancer is an urgent necessity in Africa. The aim of the study was to identify the medicinal plants recipes used by traditional herbalists to manage breast cancer diseases in four districts of the Central and Western region of Cameroon.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted cross sectional, qualitative and descriptive research through an ethnopharmacological survey from August 2024 to February 2025 amongst 92 participants, including 21 traditional herbalists from four districts in the Central and Western regions, and 71 patients with breast cancer disease. Traditional herbalists were selected using the snowball. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data on plant-based treatment supplemented with a comprehensive literature review on the phytochemicals and therapeutic properties of these plants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We have identified 29 plants species belonging to 19 families with total of 23 recipes used by the herbalists. 74% of these recipes (17) were prepared with more than one plant. The whole plant (n = 6 ;26.1%) and the bark (n = 5 ;21.7%) were the most commonly plant parts used for the recipes while the maceration was the main preparation method (n = 10;43.5%). Water was the solvent frequently used (n = 18;78.3%) and all these remedies were administrated only per os (n = 23;100%) with a dosage ranging from one and half to four glasses per day for a duration of treatment from one to twelve months. Only 10% of breast cancer patients reported being completely satisfied, unlike traditional herbalists who claim that 50% of breast cancer patients who received their treatment were cured. In most of the remedies, there was anticancer plants used as main ingredient and an adjuvant. Part of Syzygium guineense (Willd) DC, Var Guineen constitute the most frequent main ingredient (n=3/RFC=0.13) of the recipes while the most represented adjuvant (n=8/RFC=0.35 ) was Allium sativum L. The highest mean informant consensus factor for breast cancer treatment was obtained for Allium Sativum L. (0.36).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study reveals a wide diversity of recipes for the treatment of breast cancer in the Cameroonian pharmacopoeia.</p>","PeriodicalId":9128,"journal":{"name":"BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13679259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149219917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant-part specific in vitro antibacterial activity of crude ethanolic extracts of Mangifera indica against Salmonella typhi: an exploratory study.","authors":"Ivan Ronald Omara, Juliet Kyayesimira, Stephen Charles Olet","doi":"10.1186/s12906-026-05482-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12906-026-05482-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Medicinal plants remain widely used in the management of infectious diseases, but evidence on the antibacterial activity of specific plant parts is often inconsistent. This study evaluated the plant-part-specific in vitro antibacterial activity of crude ethanolic extracts of Mangifera indica against Salmonella typhi.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An exploratory in vitro study was conducted using crude ethanolic extracts prepared from the seed kernel, stem bark, root, and a combined extract (1:1:1 mixture) of Mangifera indica (M. indica). Antibacterial activity was assessed using the agar well diffusion method. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) were determined using broth microdilution and sub-culture methods. Assays were performed in triplicate. Data were analysed using the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn's post-hoc pairwise comparisons with Holm adjustment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The seed kernel extract showed the largest mean zone of inhibition (18.0 ± 0.5 mm, strong activity), followed by tetracycline (14.0 ± 0.5 mm, moderate activity) and the combined extract (11.5 ± 0.5 mm, moderate activity). Stem bark, root, and Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) showed no detectable inhibition. Overall differences among treatments were statistically significant (Kruskal-Wallis test: H = 16.76, df = 5, p = 0.005). Dunn's post-hoc test showed that the seed kernel extract produced significantly larger inhibition zones than the combined extract (adjusted p = 0.0219). The seed kernel and combined extracts had MIC values of 16.67 mg/mL and MBC values of 33.34 mg/mL, with an MBC/MIC ratio of 2, indicating bactericidal activity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Crude ethanolic extracts of M. indica showed plant-part-specific antibacterial activity against S. typhi in vitro. The seed kernel was the most active plant part and warrants further phytochemical, toxicity, and in vivo evaluation before any therapeutic application can be inferred.</p>","PeriodicalId":9128,"journal":{"name":"BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13678933/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149219994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiofilm activity against common pathogenic bacteria in Thailand and liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry chemical profiling of Ha-Rak formula and its components: an in vitro study.","authors":"Sirinthra Fondee, Suveerawan Limsuvan, Witchuda Kamolvit, Pravit Akarasereenont","doi":"10.1186/s12906-026-05478-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12906-026-05478-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bacterial biofilms reduce antibiotic penetration, create tolerant bacterial subpopulations, and contribute to difficult-to-treat infections and antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The Ha-Rak Formula (HRF), a traditional Thai polyherbal remedy used for febrile illnesses, has not been systematically evaluated for antibiofilm activity.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study assessed the in vitro antibiofilm effects of HRF and its five constituent herbs against clinically relevant bacterial pathogens in Thailand and characterized their chemical profiles using liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Water and 80% ethanol extracts were prepared from authenticated roots and commercially sourced root-stem materials. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against six pathogenic bacteria were determined by broth microdilution at final concentrations of 64 - 16,384 µg/mL. Biofilm biomass was quantified by crystal violet staining at final extract concentrations of 400 and 1000 µg/mL, and untargeted LC-QTOF-MS with multivariate analysis was used for chemical profiling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All extracts had MIC values > 16,384 µg/mL against planktonic cells, except the ethanol extract of root-derived HRF, which inhibited Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883 only at the highest tested concentration (MIC = 16,384 µg/mL). In contrast, root-derived extracts reduced biofilm biomass across multiple species at sub-MIC concentrations. Ethanol extracts displayed distinct chemical profiles enriched in putative carbohydrates and conjugates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings indicate that HRF has stronger activity against biofilm formation than against planktonic bacterial growth under the conditions tested. Root-only and root-stem formulations both exhibited antibiofilm activity under the conditions tested, while water and ethanol extracts showed distinct chemical profiles. Further standardization, safety assessment, and mechanistic studies are required before clinical translation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9128,"journal":{"name":"BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13673746/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148547805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of Ginkgo biloba extract exposure with 12-month cognitive trajectories in amyloid PET-positive mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease: a pooled retrospective cohort study.","authors":"YoungSoon Yang, Yong Tae Kwak","doi":"10.1186/s12906-026-05469-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12906-026-05469-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) show considerable heterogeneity in treatment response, underscoring the need for individualized therapeutic approaches. Ginkgo biloba extract is commonly used in cognitive disorders, but its efficacy in amyloid biomarker-confirmed populations remains unclear. To evaluate the association between Ginkgo biloba extract exposure and 12-month cognitive and functional change patterns in amyloid PET-positive MCI/AD, and to assess whether baseline plasma MDS-OAβ (amyloid oligomerization tendency) is associated with cognitive trajectory subgroup membership.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this 12-month retrospective study, 165 drug-naïve amyloid PET-positive patients (83 with documented Ginkgo biloba extract use in routine care and 82 without documented Ginkgo use) were assessed for changes in Korean Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE-2), Clinical Dementia Rating-Sum of Boxes (CDR-SB), Korean Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (K-IADL), and plasma MDS-OAβ levels. K-means clustering was used to define three cognitive trajectory subgroups, and exploratory one-vs-rest adjusted logistic regression analyses were performed to examine baseline variables associated with trajectory group membership.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three cognitive trajectories were identified: Improver (n = 36), Stabler (n = 113), and Decliner (n = 16). Compared with patients without documented Ginkgo use, patients with documented Ginkgo exposure showed significantly greater cognitive gains (ΔK-MMSE-2 + 1.42 vs. - 0.30, p = 0.012), less IADL decline (p < 0.001), and greater reductions in MDS-OAβ levels (p < 0.001). Baseline plasma MDS-OAβ did not significantly differ among the trajectory groups and was not interpreted as a robust independent predictor of trajectory membership. Ginkgo use differed significantly across trajectory groups and was least frequent in the Decliner group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this amyloid PET-positive MCI/AD cohort, Ginkgo biloba extract exposure was associated with more favorable 12-month cognitive, functional, and plasma MDS-OAβ changes. However, baseline MDS-OAβ should be regarded as an exploratory biomarker rather than a validated predictor of improvement or Ginkgo-related benefit.</p>","PeriodicalId":9128,"journal":{"name":"BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13663185/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148535265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlates of traditional medicine utilization among school-going adolescents and young adults with mental disorders in central and eastern Uganda: a cross-sectional survey.","authors":"Arthur Kiconco, Catherine Abbo, Julia Dickson-Gomez, Richard Kabanda, Max Bobholz, Laura D Cassidy, Ronald Anguzu","doi":"10.1186/s12906-026-05472-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12906-026-05472-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Mental disorders among adolescents and young adults (AYA) are a serious public health concern, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Despite the growing impact, access to conventional mental healthcare remains limited, leading to high traditional medicine (TM) reliance. However, correlates of TM utilization by AYA with mental health challenges remain underexplored in academic literature. In this study, we investigated the correlates of TM utilization among students with self-reported mental disorders in central and eastern Uganda.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed secondary data from a subsample of 302 students with self-reported history of a mental health disorder out of a sample of 1970 who completed the survey. In the primary study, stratified random sampling was used to select schools, and participants were selected proportionally. We used modified Poisson regression to examine the factors independently associated with TM use including demographic characteristics and the presence of emotional or behavioral disorders. Statistical significance was set at a p-value of less than 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most participants were female (53.31%) and aged between 15 and18 years (71.6%). The majority of the participants had completed ordinary level of secondary education (92.54%), from the Central region (74.5%) and attended schools in urban areas (54.04%). The median monthly family income was $83.3, with over half earning ≤$100 monthly (58.8%). Nearly half of the participants reported a family history of mental health disorder (49.8%), and a notable percentage had at least one behavioral disorder (25.8%) or emotional disorder (21.2%). The adjusted model suggested that rural school attendees had a 1.3 times higher prevalence of TM utilization [aPR:1.30(1.01-1.68), p = 0.04] compared to urban ones, and those with parents or guardians who completed college/university had a 38% lower prevalence [aPR:0.62 (0.41-0.94), p = 0.025] of TM utilization compared to those with parents or guardians without formal education.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A large proportion of the students utilized TM, largely influenced by rural residence, and parents' education status. The high prevalence of TM use underscores the need for leveraging TM providers as a link to timely biomedical healthcare utilization and improving access to comprehensive treatment for mental health disorders with a focus on socio-economic disparities.</p>","PeriodicalId":9128,"journal":{"name":"BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662980/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148519838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative analysis and in vitro assessment of the effects of α-mangostin on high-glucose-induced inflammatory and oxidative stress responses in RAW264.7 macrophages.","authors":"Peng Cao, Yunwei Wang, Mingfan Xi, Kaituo Liu, Shuoyi Hui, Peng Zhao, Guozhong Lyu","doi":"10.1186/s12906-026-05463-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12906-026-05463-7","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Persistent macrophage-mediated inflammation under hyperglycemic conditions is an important feature of the inflammatory microenvironment associated with diabetic wounds. α-Mangostin (α-MG), a natural xanthone derived from Garcinia mangostana, has been reported to exert anti-inflammatory activity in various experimental models. However, its effects on high-glucose-induced macrophage inflammation and oxidative stress remain insufficiently characterized.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aimed to investigate the effects of α-MG on inflammatory and oxidative responses in high-glucose-stimulated macrophages and to explore its potential molecular mechanisms using an integrative strategy combining network pharmacology, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and in vitro assessment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Potential targets of α-MG were collected and intersected with diabetic wound-associated genes to identify candidate targets. Protein-protein interaction analysis and functional enrichment analyses were performed to identify hub targets and related biological pathways. Molecular docking was used to evaluate the binding affinity between α-MG and key targets, followed by a 110 ns MD simulation of the α-MG-TNF complex and a 50 ns supplementary MD simulation of the α-MG-PTGS2 complex. In vitro experiments were performed using high-glucose-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages, with mannitol included as an osmotic control. The effects of α-MG on inflammatory mediators, oxidative stress markers, PTGS2/COX-2 expression, and NF-κB activation were further evaluated.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 24 overlapping targets between α-MG and diabetic wound-associated genes were identified. Enrichment analyses suggested that these targets were mainly associated with inflammatory and immune-related biological processes, with TNF and IL-17 signaling pathways identified as computationally predicted and potentially relevant pathways. Molecular docking showed favorable binding interactions between α-MG and several hub targets, including PTGS2, AKT1, TNF, and PARP1. The 110 ns molecular dynamics simulation further suggested that the α-MG-TNF complex remained relatively stable during the simulation period. A supplementary 50 ns MD simulation also supported the conformational stability of the α-MG-PTGS2 complex. In high-glucose-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages, α-MG significantly reduced the mRNA expression and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. α-MG also decreased PTGS2/COX-2 expression and inhibited NF-κB p65 phosphorylation. In addition, α-MG alleviated high-glucose-induced oxidative stress, as indicated by increased GSH content and SOD activity, together with reduced MDA levels. The inclusion of the mannitol control helped distinguish glucose-associated inflammatory and oxidative responses from osmotic stress-related effects.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;α-MG att","PeriodicalId":9128,"journal":{"name":"BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13663208/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148535237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro inhibitory effects of Hypoxis hemerocallidea and Pentanisia prunelloides on α-amylase, α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase activities associated with obesity-related metabolic disorders.","authors":"Mlungisi F Mngoma, Lembe S Magwaza, Asanda Mditshwa, Samson Z Tesfay, Blessing N Mkhwanazi","doi":"10.1186/s12906-026-05458-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12906-026-05458-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity is a complex metabolic disorder associated with dysregulated lipid metabolism and impaired adipose tissue function, resulting in the development of various chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus. Plant-based therapeutic strategies, targeting the inhibition of digestive enzymes, have gained increasing attention as potential safe alternatives to synthetic drugs. This study investigated the inhibitory effect of root and leaf extracts of Hypoxis hemerocallidea Fisch., C.A.Mey. & Avé-Lall. and Pentanisia prunelloides (Klotzsch ex Eckl. & Zeyh.) Walp, against α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and pancreatic lipase, and related these activities to metabolite profiles to explore their potential relevance in obesity-associated metabolic dysfunctions. The results showed that H. hemerocallidea leaves exhibited a strong inhibitory activity against pancreatic lipase (98.68%) and α-glucosidase (98.10%), while α-amylase was considerably lower (11.71%). In P. prunelloides, both roots and leaves showed a strong α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of 99.02% and 96.38%, respectively. Moderate α-Amylase inhibitory activity was observed in the roots of H. hemerocallidea (53.14%), and P. prunelloides (50.63%), with the inhibition levels comparable to the lipase standard inhibitor acarbose (55.65%). Metabolite profiling using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis revealed diverse putatively identified bioactive metabolites, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, phenolic glycosides, proanthocyanidins, saponins, terpenoids, and xanthones. Correlation and multivariate analyses suggested potential associations between metabolite abundance and enzyme inhibitory activities. Collectively, these findings suggest that both plant species possess substantial metabolite diversity and promising in vitro enzyme inhibitory activities, with H. hemerocallidea exhibiting comparatively stronger inhibitory activity. However, no compound isolation, cytotoxicity assessment, and in vivo validation was performed; therefore, the findings should be considered preliminary and require further pharmacological and mechanistic investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9128,"journal":{"name":"BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13663055/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148497136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proteomic identification of NF-κB-related targets associated with the anti-inflammatory activity of Gomisin R in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells.","authors":"Qin Lang, Su Rong, Cheng Ya, Tang Youli, Mo Dandan, Tang Binglan, Li Rilun","doi":"10.1186/s12906-026-05476-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12906-026-05476-2","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Kadsura longipedunculata Finet et Gagnep. belongs to the Kadsura Kaempf.exJuss. Vaccinium of the family Magnoliaceae. It mainly distributes in regions such as Guangxi, Sichuan, Fujian and Yunnan of China. Commonly used as traditional Chinese medicine for anti-inflammation and analgesia, it has a long history in folk medicine. In recent years, research on the active components and pharmacological activities of K. longipedunculata Finet et Gagnep. has received extensive attention. Many studies have reported that lignans are the characteristic active components, among which the gomisin group of compounds has been frequently reported, including Gomisin A, G, N, and M2. Our previous research found that another such compound, Gomisin R, could significantly inhibit the secretion of inflammatory factors in LPS-induced RAW264.7 mononuclear macrophages and reduce the expression of NF-κB p65 protein. However, the anti-inflammatory signaling pathways and target sites of Gomisin R remain unclear.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Purpose: &lt;/strong&gt;To explore the anti-inflammatory signaling pathways and target sites of Gomisin R, clarify its anti-inflammatory molecular mechanism, provide experimental references for pharmacological research and clinical application, and help discover new drug treatment targets and develop new drugs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The experimental subjects were classified into three groups: control group, LPS model group, and Gomisin R group. An in vitro inflammation model was established by inducing RAW264.7 cells with LPS. The anti-inflammatory related signaling pathways and target proteins of Gomisin R were screened by data independent acquisition (DIA) proteomics sequencing. The target proteins were verified by Western blot, and the binding activity of Gomisin R with the target proteins was predicted by molecular docking technology.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Compared with the LPS model group, 163 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified from the cellular components in the Gomisin R group. 90 proteins among which were upregulated and 73 proteins were downregulated. Four enrichment pathways were screened: NF-κB signaling pathway, AMPK signaling pathway, mTOR signaling pathway, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The classical inflammatory pathway was the NF-κB signaling pathway. Verification showed that Gomisin R mainly downregulated 4 proteins in the NF-κB signaling pathway: CCL4, PARP1, TNFRSF11A, and ERC1, thereby exerting anti-inflammatory effects and showing good binding activities with these 4 proteins.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;This study identified CCL4, PARP1, TNFRSF11A, and ERC1-related proteins, which may be potential molecular targets for the anti-inflammatory effect of Gomisin R. Since these four proteins are all enriched in the NF-κB signaling pathway, it is speculated that the anti-inflammatory mechanism of Gomisin R might involve regulation of the NF-κB signaling pathway ","PeriodicalId":9128,"journal":{"name":"BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13656622/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148469007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of green-lipped mussel powder supplementation in adults with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.","authors":"Hyun-Tae Kim, Bong-Jin Shin, Yeon-Woo Lee, Hye-Jin Park, Sun-Young Park, Eui-Hyoung Hwang, Man-Suk Hwang, Dong-Jun Lee, Byung-Cheul Shin, In Heo","doi":"10.1186/s12906-026-05465-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12906-026-05465-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disease associated with pain, functional limitation, and reduced quality of life. Although nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are widely prescribed, long-term use is limited by safety concerns. Green-lipped mussel powder (GLMP) has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective effects in preclinical studies. This trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of GLMP supplementation in adults with knee OA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adults aged 40-75 years with symptomatic radiographic knee OA were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive GLMP (1,000 mg/day) or placebo for 12 weeks. Assessments occurred at baseline, week 6, and week 12. The primary endpoint was change in the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) total score. Secondary endpoints were WOMAC subscales (pain, stiffness, physical function), visual analog scale (VAS) pain, and inflammatory biomarkers (C-reactive protein [CRP], erythrocyte sedimentation rate [ESR]). The per-protocol (PP) set included 93 participants (GLMP, 47; placebo, 46); the intention-to-treat (ITT) set included 100.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 100 participants were randomized and included in the ITT population, and 93 completed the study and were included in the PP population. In the PP analysis, GLMP resulted in greater improvement in WOMAC total score at week 12 than placebo (between-group difference - 3.66; 95% CI - 6.87 to - 0.45; p = 0.032). Significant between-group differences were also observed for WOMAC pain (p = 0.026), WOMAC physical function (p = 0.027), and VAS pain (between-group difference - 19.93 mm; 95% CI - 25.31 to - 14.55; p < 0.001). In the ITT analysis, the overall pattern of results was consistent with that observed in the PP analysis. WOMAC physical function (p = 0.042) and VAS pain (p < 0.001) remained significantly improved with GLMP, whereas WOMAC total score showed a non-significant trend favoring GLMP (p = 0.061). No significant between-group differences were observed in CRP or ESR levels. No clinically meaningful safety concerns were identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Twelve-week supplementation with GLMP was associated with improvements in pain and physical function in adults with mild-to-moderate knee OA. Improvements in pain-related outcomes were observed consistently across PP and ITT analyses, although the primary WOMAC total outcome reached statistical significance only in the PP population. GLMP was well tolerated and may have potential as a complementary nutritional intervention for symptom management in individuals with knee OA.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The study was registered with the Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS; registration number KCT0008821) on September 22, 2023, and the full study protocol is available on the CRIS website ( https://cris.nih.go.kr ).</p>","PeriodicalId":9128,"journal":{"name":"BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13445908/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148468966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-vitro development and characterization of Moringa oleifera leaf extract film for targeted periodontal drug delivery.","authors":"Ritika Rakesh Gattani, Rajashri A Kolte, Abhay P Kolte, Vinisha Bajaj, Pavan Bajaj, Mahima Kothekar, Shivani Thakre","doi":"10.1186/s12906-026-05391-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-026-05391-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Periodontal therapy increasingly explores plant-based agents for targeted drug delivery. Moringa oleifera leaf extract exhibits potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and osteoinductive properties, yet conventional formulations fail to reach the periodontal pocket effectively. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate an oral film containing Moringa oleifera extract for potential localized periodontal application. Existing formulations fail to provide sustained, site-specific delivery in the periodontal pocket. This study addresses this gap by developing an oral film system that ensures prolonged retention and controlled release of Moringa oleifera extract.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Moringa oleifera leaves were shade-dried, soxhlet-extracted with ethanol, and incorporated into three film formulations (1%, 2%, 3%) via the solvent-casting method. Physical characteristics were assessed through thickness, weight variation, folding endurance, pH, dissolution time, and drug content. Biological evaluations included in-vitro anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activity (agar diffusion against S. aureus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All formulations showed smooth morphology, neutral surface pH, and rapid dissolution. The 3% Moringa film (OF3) demonstrated optimal physical stability and highest drug content. The extract exhibited concentration-dependent anti-inflammatory activity surpassing diclofenac. Antioxidant activity was moderate, with an IC50 of 435.77 µg/ml. Antimicrobial activity was weak, showing only minimal zones of inhibition.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Moringa oleifera oral film displayed favourable physical properties and strong anti-inflammatory potential, positioning it as a promising localized delivery system in periodontal therapy. Further optimization and in-vivo studies are required to validate clinical efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9128,"journal":{"name":"BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148454656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}