Journal of veterinary medicine最新文献_第3页

Prevalence and Bacterial Isolates of Mastitis in Dairy Farms in Selected Districts of Eastern Harrarghe Zone, Eastern Ethiopia. 埃塞俄比亚东部Harrarghe地区东部选定地区奶牛场乳腺炎的流行和细菌分离。

Journal of veterinary medicine Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2017-03-02 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6498618

Tesfaheywet Zeryehun, Gerema Abera

{"title":"Prevalence and Bacterial Isolates of Mastitis in Dairy Farms in Selected Districts of Eastern Harrarghe Zone, Eastern Ethiopia.","authors":"Tesfaheywet Zeryehun, Gerema Abera","doi":"10.1155/2017/6498618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/6498618","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted from November 2015 to April 2016 to estimate the prevalence of clinical and subclinical mastitis in lactating cows, to assess the associated risk factors, and to isolate the major bacterial pathogens in dairy farms in selected district of Eastern Harrarghe Zone, Eastern Ethiopia. The study was carried out in 384 dairy cows based on data collection, farm visit, animal examination, California mastitis test (CMT), and isolation bacterial pathogens using standard techniques. In the present study the overall mastitis at cow level was 247 (64.3%). The prevalence of clinical and subclinical mastitis and quarter level prevalence for clinical and subclinical mastitis were 12.5% and 51.8% at cow level and 10.7% and 46.4% at quarter level, respectively. Clinically, 101 (6.6%) quarters which belong to 75 (19.5%) animals were found to be with blind teat. In the present study prevalence of mastitis was significantly associated with parity and age (p < 0.05). Bacteriological examination of milk sample revealed 187 isolates where coagulase negative Staphylococcus species (CNS) (34.2%) was the predominant species while Streptococcus faecalis (2.1%) was identified as the least bacteria. The present study concluded that prevalence of mastitis particularly the subclinical mastitis was major problem of dairy cows in the area and hence warrants serious attention.","PeriodicalId":91135,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary medicine","volume":"2017 ","pages":"6498618"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/6498618","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34863730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 62

Body Weight and Scrotal-Testicular Biometry in Three Indigenous Breeds of Bucks in Arid and Semiarid Agroecologies, Ethiopia. 埃塞俄比亚干旱和半干旱农业生态中3个本地雄鹿品种的体重和阴囊-睾丸生物学特征。

Journal of veterinary medicine Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2017-05-02 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5276106

Amare Eshetu Gemeda, Kefelegn Workalemahu

{"title":"Body Weight and Scrotal-Testicular Biometry in Three Indigenous Breeds of Bucks in Arid and Semiarid Agroecologies, Ethiopia.","authors":"Amare Eshetu Gemeda, Kefelegn Workalemahu","doi":"10.1155/2017/5276106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/5276106","url":null,"abstract":"The body weight and testicular and epididymal parameters of Afar, Long-eared Somali (LES), and Woyto-Guji (WG) breeds of goat were investigated. A total of 405 randomly selected bucks of Afar (n = 135), Long-eared Somali (n = 135), and Woyto-Guji (n = 135) were included in this study. The overall mean scrotal circumference (SC), testicular volume (TV), testicular length (TL), testicular weight (TW), body weight (BW), epididymal weight (EW), body condition score, and testicular diameter (TD) measurements in all bucks were 20.8 ± 1.94 cm, 68.1 ± 6.18, 4.96 ± 0.79 cm, 70.0 ± 5.66 g, 22.1 ± 2.98 Kg, 9.09 ± 1.88 g, 2.55 ± 0.68, and 4.28 ± 0.45 cm, respectively. Significant (p < 0.05) breed differences in SC, TD, TL, TW, BW, EW, and TV were recorded. Long-eared Somali (LES) breed was heaviest and Afar breed was the lightest and Woyto-Guji (WG) had the average BW. In all breeds, the parameters were positively correlated. In Afar breed, the TW had a significant correlation with BW (r = 0.90) and SC (r = 0.65). In LES BW was highly correlated with TD (r = 0.96) and TL (r = 0.96). In WG, TW was significantly correlated with TD (r = 0.94), EW (r = 0.90), TL (r = 0.89), and BW (r = 0.82). In multiple regression analysis the linear combinations of BCS, SC, and BW significantly predicted TW, TL, TV, TD, and EW in all breeds. In conclusion, Long-eared Somali breed displayed greater BW and scrotal and testicular traits.","PeriodicalId":91135,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary medicine","volume":"2017 ","pages":"5276106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/5276106","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35023785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Bacteria Isolated from the Nasal Cavity of Camels in Samburu, Nakuru, and Isiolo Counties of Kenya. 肯尼亚Samburu、Nakuru和Isiolo县骆驼鼻腔分离细菌耐药性分析

Journal of veterinary medicine Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2017-09-24 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1216283

J M Mutua, C G Gitao, L C Bebora, F K Mutua

{"title":"Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Bacteria Isolated from the Nasal Cavity of Camels in Samburu, Nakuru, and Isiolo Counties of Kenya.","authors":"J M Mutua, C G Gitao, L C Bebora, F K Mutua","doi":"10.1155/2017/1216283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/1216283","url":null,"abstract":"This study was designed to determine antimicrobial resistance profiles of bacteria isolated from the nasal cavity of healthy camels. A total of 255 nasal samples (swabs) were collected in Isiolo, Samburu, and Nakuru counties, Kenya, from which 404 bacterial isolates belonging to various genera and species were recovered. The bacterial isolates included Bacillus (39.60%), coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (29.95%), Streptococcus species other than Streptococcus agalactiae (25.74%), coagulase-positive Staphylococcus (3.96%), and Streptococcus agalactiae (0.74%). Isolates were most susceptible to Gentamicin (95.8%), followed by Tetracycline (90.5%), Kanamycin and Chloramphenicol (each at 85.3%), Sulphamethoxazole (84.2%), Co-trimoxazole (82.1%), Ampicillin (78.9%), and finally Streptomycin (76.8%). This translated to low resistance levels. Multidrug resistance was also reported in 30.5% of the isolates tested. Even though the antibiotic resistance demonstrated in this study is low, the observation is significant, since the few resistant normal flora could be harboring resistance genes which can be transferred to pathogenic bacteria within the animal, to other animals' bacteria and, most seriously, to human pathogens.","PeriodicalId":91135,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary medicine","volume":"2017 ","pages":"1216283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/1216283","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35257107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Single-Cell Phosphospecific Flow Cytometric Analysis of Canine and Murine Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. 犬和鼠脂肪干细胞单细胞磷特异性流式细胞术分析。

Journal of veterinary medicine Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2017-08-16 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5701016

Harumichi Itoh, Shimpei Nishikawa, Tomoya Haraguchi, Yu Arikawa, Masato Hiyama, Toshie Iseri, Yoshiki Itoh, Munekazu Nakaichi, Yasuho Taura, Kenji Tani, Kazuhito Itamoto

{"title":"Single-Cell Phosphospecific Flow Cytometric Analysis of Canine and Murine Adipose-Derived Stem Cells.","authors":"Harumichi Itoh, Shimpei Nishikawa, Tomoya Haraguchi, Yu Arikawa, Masato Hiyama, Toshie Iseri, Yoshiki Itoh, Munekazu Nakaichi, Yasuho Taura, Kenji Tani, Kazuhito Itamoto","doi":"10.1155/2017/5701016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/5701016","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to demonstrate single-cell phosphospecific flow cytometric analysis of canine and murine adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (ADSCs). ADSCs were obtained from clinically healthy laboratory beagles and C57BL/6 mice. Cell differentiation into adipocytes, osteocytes, and chondrocytes was observed for the cultured canine ADSCs (cADSCs) and murine ADSCs (mADSCs) to determine their multipotency. We also performed single-cell phosphospecific flow cytometric analysis related to cell differentiation and stemness. Cultured cADSCs and mADSCs exhibited the potential to differentiate into adipocytes, osteocytes, and chondrocytes. In addition, single-cell phosphospecific flow cytometric analysis revealed similar β-catenin and Akt phosphorylation between mADSCs and cADSCs. On the other hand, it showed the phosphorylation of different Stat proteins. It was determined that cADSCs and mADSCs show the potential to differentiate into adipocytes, osteocytes, and chondrocytes. Furthermore, a difference in protein phosphorylation between undifferentiated cADSCs and mADSCs was identified.","PeriodicalId":91135,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary medicine","volume":"2017 ","pages":"5701016"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/5701016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35506055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Influence of Dexamethasone on Some Reproductive Hormones and Uterine Progesterone Receptor Localization in Pregnant Yankasa Sheep in Semiarid Zones of Nigeria. 地塞米松对尼日利亚半干旱地区妊娠扬卡萨绵羊体内某些生殖激素和子宫孕酮受体定位的影响

Journal of veterinary medicine Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2017-10-18 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9514861

Dauda Yahi, Nicholas Adetayo Ojo, Gideon Dauda Mshelia

{"title":"Influence of Dexamethasone on Some Reproductive Hormones and Uterine Progesterone Receptor Localization in Pregnant Yankasa Sheep in Semiarid Zones of Nigeria.","authors":"Dauda Yahi, Nicholas Adetayo Ojo, Gideon Dauda Mshelia","doi":"10.1155/2017/9514861","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2017/9514861","url":null,"abstract":"Dexamethasone is widely used in both veterinary and human medical practices. However, it seems to cause some deleterious effects on pregnancy probably by causing changes in the reproductive hormone levels and their corresponding receptor concentrations. This study investigated the effects of dexamethasone on these parameters. Twenty healthy adult Yankasa sheep comprising 18 ewes and 2 rams were used for this study. Pregnancies were achieved by natural mating after estrus synchronization. Dexamethasone was administered at 0.25 mg/kg body weight on days 1, 3, and 5 during first trimester; days 51, 53, and 55 during second trimester; and days 101, 103, and 105 during the third trimester. Blood samples were collected biweekly for hormonal assay. Uterine biopsies were harvested through caesarean section for immunohistochemical analysis. Results showed that dexamethasone significantly (p < 0.05) decreased progesterone concentrations and caused abortion in Yankasa sheep but had no significant (p > 0.05) effect on estrogen, while progesterone receptors (PR) were upregulated. The abortion could probably be due to decreased progesterone concentrations as a consequence of the adverse effects on placenta. The PR upregulation may be a compensatory mechanism to increase progesterone sensitivity. It was concluded that dexamethasone should not be used in advanced pregnancy in Yankasa sheep.","PeriodicalId":91135,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary medicine","volume":"2017 ","pages":"9514861"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5664332/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35289411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Serological Screening Suggests Extensive Presence of Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma synoviae in Backyard Chickens in Southern Mozambique. 血清学筛查显示莫桑比克南部后院鸡中广泛存在鸡败菌支原体和滑膜支原体。

Journal of veterinary medicine Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2017-01-22 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2743187

Augusto Messa Júnior, Paula Taunde, Ana Felicidade Zandamela, Alberto Pondja Junior, Abel Chilundo, Rosa Costa, Custódio Gabriel Bila

引用次数: 12

Study of Incidence of Gross Urogenital Lesions and Abnormalities on Does Slaughtered at Nyagatare Slaughterhouse, Eastern Province, Rwanda. 卢旺达东部省Nyagatare屠宰场屠宰的公羊泌尿生殖器官大体病变和异常发生率的研究。

Journal of veterinary medicine Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2017-12-03 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7564019

Borden Mushonga, Sylvine Twiyizeyimna, Gervais Habarugira, Erick Kandiwa, Simbarashe Chinyoka, Alaster Samkange, Alec Bishi

{"title":"Study of Incidence of Gross Urogenital Lesions and Abnormalities on Does Slaughtered at Nyagatare Slaughterhouse, Eastern Province, Rwanda.","authors":"Borden Mushonga, Sylvine Twiyizeyimna, Gervais Habarugira, Erick Kandiwa, Simbarashe Chinyoka, Alaster Samkange, Alec Bishi","doi":"10.1155/2017/7564019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/7564019","url":null,"abstract":"Reproductive and urinary tract abnormalities are a cause of infertility, reproductive inefficiency, and economic losses in goats. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence and nature of reproductive and urinary tract abnormalities encountered in female goats slaughtered at Nyagatare abattoir in the Eastern Province of Rwanda. Reproductive and urinary organs from 369 female goat carcasses were opened by incision and then given a thorough macroscopic examination by visually inspecting and palpating for evidence of abnormalities. The results showed that there was an overall occurrence of 7.8% reproductive organ/tract abnormalities and 10.6% urinary organ/tract abnormalities. Ovarian hypoplasia was the reproductive abnormality with the highest overall occurrence (32.3%) and renal calculi were the urinary organ abnormality with the highest occurrence (38.1%). 95.2% of the reproductive organ/tract abnormalities observed usually result in infertility and 91.3% of the urinary organ/tract abnormalities observed result in economic losses through condemnation of kidneys at slaughter. The high incidence of the observed urinary organ/tract abnormalities represents a potential public health challenge. There was no significant difference in the occurrence of reproductive organ/tract abnormalities according to breed (p > 0.05, n = 31). There was also no significant difference in the occurrence of urinary organ abnormalities according to breed (p > 0.05, n = 42).","PeriodicalId":91135,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary medicine","volume":"2017 ","pages":"7564019"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/7564019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35736400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Prevalence of Subclinical Mastitis and Distribution of Pathogens in Dairy Farms of Rubavu and Nyabihu Districts, Rwanda. 卢旺达鲁巴武和尼亚比胡地区奶牛场亚临床乳腺炎患病率和病原体分布

Journal of veterinary medicine Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2017-07-17 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8456713

J P Mpatswenumugabo, L C Bebora, G C Gitao, V A Mobegi, B Iraguha, O Kamana, B Shumbusho

{"title":"Prevalence of Subclinical Mastitis and Distribution of Pathogens in Dairy Farms of Rubavu and Nyabihu Districts, Rwanda.","authors":"J P Mpatswenumugabo, L C Bebora, G C Gitao, V A Mobegi, B Iraguha, O Kamana, B Shumbusho","doi":"10.1155/2017/8456713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/8456713","url":null,"abstract":"A cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2016 to January 2017 in Rubavu and Nyabihu districts, Western Rwanda, aiming at estimating the prevalence of subclinical mastitis (SCM) and identifying its causative bacteria. Management practices and milking procedures were recorded through a questionnaire. 123 crossbreed milking cows from 13 dairy farms were randomly selected and screened for SCM using California Mastitis Test (CMT). Composite CMT positive milk samples were processed for bacterial isolation and identification. The overall SCM prevalence at cow level was 50.4%. 68 bacterial isolates were identified by morphological and biochemical characteristics. They included, Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (51.5%), Staphylococcus aureus (20.6%), Streptococcus species (10.3%), Bacillus species (10.3%), Streptococcus agalactiae (5.8%), and Escherichia coli (1.5%). About 67.1% of the farmers checked for mastitis; of these, 58.9% relied on clinical signs and only 6.8% screened with CMT. Only 5.5% and 2.7% of the farmers tried to control mastitis using dry cow therapy and teat dips, respectively. Thus, to reduce the prevalence of SCM, farmers in the study area need to be trained on good milking practices, including regular use of teat dips, application of dry cow therapy, and SCM screening. This will improve their sales and their financial status.","PeriodicalId":91135,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary medicine","volume":"2017 ","pages":"8456713"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/8456713","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35258206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 61

The Demographics of Canine Hip Dysplasia in the United States and Canada. 美国和加拿大犬髋关节发育不良的人口统计。

Journal of veterinary medicine Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2017-03-12 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5723476

Randall T Loder, Rory J Todhunter

{"title":"The Demographics of Canine Hip Dysplasia in the United States and Canada.","authors":"Randall T Loder, Rory J Todhunter","doi":"10.1155/2017/5723476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/5723476","url":null,"abstract":"Canine hip dysplasia (CHD) is a common problem in veterinary medicine. We report the demographics of CHD using the entire hip dysplasia registry from the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals, analyzing differences by breed, sex, laterality, seasonal variation in birth, and latitude. There were 921,046 unique records. Each dog was classified using the American Kennel Club (AKC) and Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) systems. Statistical analysis was performed with bivariate and logistic regression procedures. The overall CHD prevalence was 15.56%. The OR for CHD was higher in females (1.05), those born in spring (1.14) and winter (1.13), and those in more southern latitudes (OR 2.12). Within AKC groups, working dogs had the highest risk of CHD (OR 1.882) with hounds being the reference group. Within FCI groups, the pinscher/molossoid group had the highest risk of CHD (OR 4.168) with sighthounds being the reference group. The similarities between CHD and DDH are striking. Within DDH there are two different types, the typical infantile DDH and the late onset adolescent/adult acetabular dysplasia, with different demographics; the demographics of CHD are more similar to the later onset DDH group. Comparative studies of both disorders should lead to a better understanding of both CHD and DDH.","PeriodicalId":91135,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary medicine","volume":"2017 ","pages":"5723476"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/5723476","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34893557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Subcutaneous Implants of a Cholesterol-Triglyceride-Buprenorphine Suspension in Rats. 大鼠皮下植入胆固醇-甘油三酯-丁丙诺啡悬浮液。

Journal of veterinary medicine Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2017-04-09 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3102567

M Guarnieri, C Brayton, R Sarabia-Estrada, B Tyler, P McKnight, L DeTolla

引用次数: 7