{"title":"Language Contact in Bangladesh","authors":"A. Awal","doi":"10.5539/ijel.v13n4p69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v13n4p69","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the significant diversity in Bengali, the predominant and official language of Bangladesh, primarily resulting from language contact, a prevailing concept in sociolinguistics. This paper scrutinises the historical influence of language contact on the evolution and development of Bengali from a sociolinguistic standpoint. Specifically, it traces the chronology of contact languages and the periodization of Bengali in Bangladesh. The author presents an overview of the current state of language contact in Bangladesh, considering influences from online media, virtual communication, and globalisation. The paper also critiques the limitations present in the existing literature on Bengali’s periodization. It further elucidates the intricate connection between language contact and the changes in the Bengali language. The study utilises a qualitative method, drawing from diverse sources such as academic articles, books, newspapers, public records, statistics, historical documents, and biographies, to deduce initial findings about the causes and impacts of contact languages in Bangladesh. One central theme is the examination of significant changes in Bengali resulting from contact languages. The paper seeks to investigate the sociolinguistic chronological history of contact languages in Bangladesh. Following an interpretivist paradigm, it views linguistic contact as a socially constructed reality, embodying multiple perspectives within Bangladesh. Besides underscoring the influence of virtual language contact on digital platforms in Bangladesh, the findings emphasise the crucial role of contact languages in the development and maturation of the Bengali language.","PeriodicalId":91092,"journal":{"name":"International journal of English linguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44475396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Perceptions About Motivation Towards Teaching English Language Employing Madrasati Platform During the Pandemic","authors":"F. A. Mahmud, Nadeem Saqlain","doi":"10.5539/ijel.v13n4p37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v13n4p37","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates motivation towards teaching English language using Madrasati platform. The research methodology was mixed methods research for this study. The review of the most recent studies on the topic were included. The quantitative data were collected through surveys during Spring 2022, and an instrument was administered to obtain data. In this study, 382 (236 male and 146 female) in-services English language teachers were selected at random as participants. The samples were the representation of both genders. They were also representatives of all teachers’ qualifications including diploma to PhD degrees. For the qualitative part of the study, ten participants were purposefully selected to obtain data. The source of qualitative data collection were interviews. The results of this mixed methods study displayed that the participants had positive perceptions in general of using Madrasati platform. Some motivational factors were found in this study e.g., flexibility, teaching with technology, using Madrasati. The participants found better attendance in their online courses. However, the participants indicated some challenges such as training to use technology, connectivity, and distraction.","PeriodicalId":91092,"journal":{"name":"International journal of English linguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43382308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental-Phonetic Analysis of the Phonetic Structure of Word in the English language","authors":"Kifayat Alirzayeva, Parvana Jafarova, Afsana Bakhshaliyeva","doi":"10.5539/ijel.v13n4p50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v13n4p50","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates motivation towards teaching English language using Madrasati platform. The research methodology was mixed methods research for this study. The review of the most recent studies on the topic was included. The quantitative data were collected through surveys during Spring 2022, and an instrument was administered to obtain data. In this study, 382 (236 male and 146 female) in-services English language teachers were selected at random as participants. The samples were the representation of both genders. They were also representatives of all teachers’ qualifications including diploma to PhD degrees. For the qualitative part of the study, ten participants were purposefully selected to obtain data. The source of qualitative data collection was interviews. The results of this mixed methods study displayed that the participants had positive perceptions in general of using Madrasati platform. Some motivational factors were found in this study e.g., flexibility, teaching with technology, using Madrasati. The participants found better attendance in their online courses. However, the participants indicated some challenges such as training to use technology, connectivity, and distraction.","PeriodicalId":91092,"journal":{"name":"International journal of English linguistics","volume":"39 9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134892104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Systemic Functional Linguistics in the Rhetorical Strategies of Persuasion: A Longitudinal Study of Transitivity and Ergativity in the Rhetoric of Saras’ Sustainability Reports","authors":"Antonio Piga","doi":"10.5539/ijel.v13n4p24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v13n4p24","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the correlation between Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) and Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) as tools for analysing the evolution of rhetoric in the communicative strategies adopted in a company’s Reports on social and environmental responsibility. In more specific terms, Transitivity and Ergativity—concepts from Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) —through the lenses of CDA, are employed as a theoretical means for the analysis of a longitudinal study in the communicative strategies employed by Saras SpA pre- and during the Covid-19 pandemic crisis. Saras is an Italian joint-stock company operating in oil refining and power generation. \u0000 \u0000The qualitative and quantitative linguistic analysis carried out using Sketch Engine software, aims to identify and explain how rhetoric is built and presented through language use in Saras SpA Sustainability Reports. Specific focus is given to communication strategies towards local and global communities and stakeholders in the years immediately before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. The rationale behind the study lies in the fact that 2020 and 2021 have been among the most difficult years since the end of World War II. Lives were abruptly turned upside down by the pandemic, which had grave negative effects on people’s health and on the economy. The result has been a threefold crisis involving health, the economy and social tension, with the refining sector being one of the hardest hit, since the oil refining industry was one of the most affected industries due to the general reduction in mobility and oil consumption brought about by the virus-fighting measures. \u0000 \u0000Emphasis is placed on the construction of rhetorical strategies pre- and during the pandemic crisis using the representational process of Transitivity and Ergativity, thus revealing the close relationship between the use language in terms of grammatical configuration encoded and semantic roles of syntactic transformation on the one hand, and rhetorical assumptions on the other. The results show that linguistic decisions regarding Transitivity and Ergativity choices play a crucial role in how effective writing achieves its rhetorical aims in terms of extending and maintaining dominant and implicit ideologies and underlying persuasive actions, and that some rhetorical motivation is perpetuated—if not actually overtly or subtly strengthened—in social-environmental Reports issued in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic crisis.","PeriodicalId":91092,"journal":{"name":"International journal of English linguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43981147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Metaphorical Representations of Migrants in the Italian and British Press During a Time of Crisis","authors":"Assunta Caruso","doi":"10.5539/ijel.v13n4p1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v13n4p1","url":null,"abstract":"Metaphors have a way of influencing the way we feel and think about political and societal issues. The goal of this paper is to examine the metaphorical portrayal of immigrants who entered Italy and the UK between January and December 2011, a time when both the economic and migration crisis occurred. The study follows a mixed-method approach, combining corpus linguistic and critical metaphor analyses in order to identify the metaphorical expressions employed by the press—and the politicians they quote—in the construction of migration discourse. The underlying conceptual metaphor of each metaphorical expression was identified and the findings have shown that the conceptual representation of migrants is centred around the following source domains: natural disaster, container, invasion and animal, with a strong predominance of the first. The discourse focuses on identity-related concerns as they relate to constructs of the ‘other’ and how immigrants are portrayed as a threat and risk. Future research will investigate the metaphorical representation of intra- versus extra-European migrants and will consider both routine and other ‘migration crisis’ periods.","PeriodicalId":91092,"journal":{"name":"International journal of English linguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44287542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reviewer acknowledgements for International Journal of English Linguistics, Vol. 13, No. 3","authors":"Diana Xu","doi":"10.5539/ijel.v13n3p98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v13n3p98","url":null,"abstract":"eviewer acknowledgements for International Journal of English Linguistics, Vol. 13, No. 3, 2023. ","PeriodicalId":91092,"journal":{"name":"International journal of English linguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46861200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Positive Effect of Cultural Knowledge on Listening Comprehension of EFL Learners","authors":"Zhaochun Sun, A. Tan","doi":"10.5539/ijel.v13n4p15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v13n4p15","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of target cultural knowledge on the listening comprehension proficiency of Chinese EFL learners. Two groups of intermediate-level English language learners participated in the study. One group received English lessons on reading, writing, listening, and speaking, as well as a curriculum focused on target cultural knowledge, specifically the culture of Britain and the US. The other group received only English lessons on reading, writing, listening, and speaking, without any focus on target cultural knowledge. The comparison between the results of a pre-test and a post-test administered to both groups indicated that target cultural knowledge had a positive impact on the listening competence of EFL learners. This finding was also confirmed by interviews with the EFL learners. The study is significant for the teaching of English listening comprehension. Furthermore, the findings also have important implications for the teaching of reading and writing.","PeriodicalId":91092,"journal":{"name":"International journal of English linguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45390645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Socio-Pragmatic Study of Bani Hasan Tribe’s Proverbs and Dialectical Expressions in Jordan","authors":"B. Al-Khaza’leh","doi":"10.5539/ijel.v13n3p88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v13n3p88","url":null,"abstract":"The Arabic dialects have a specific linguistic repertoire, cultural singularity and social privacy. The dialect is only understood by the people who daily use it. This study aims at shedding light on the proverbs and dialectical expressions used by Bani Hasan tribe (بني حسن) in Jordan. The primary aims were to investigate the Illocutionary force of the targeted proverbs and linguistic expressions based on speech acts theoretical framework. The data were collected from various individuals who represent the whole 13 clans of this tribe. The investigated data consist of 14 proverbs and 59 expressions. Findings showed that this tribe has some unique proverbs and lexemes. The illocutionary force of the proverbs are provided and well as the meaning and the pronunciation of the frequent idiomatic colloquial expressions were discussed. Analysis revealed that most of the proverbs have the pragmatic functions of giving advice and criticism. Findings could help others to have more knowledge about the lexicon of this tribe which helps to enforce the social bonds among the tribes of the Jordanian society.","PeriodicalId":91092,"journal":{"name":"International journal of English linguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42385856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Study on the Effects of Lexical Processing Strategies in Incidental Vocabulary Acquisition While Reading","authors":"Yao Fan","doi":"10.5539/ijel.v13n3p73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v13n3p73","url":null,"abstract":"Research on vocabulary acquisition in SLA has revealed that a large proportion of vocabulary is acquired without overt intention. This paper analyzes the relevance of different lexical processing strategies for incidental vocabulary acquisition while reading involving 56 native Chinese speakers who are studying English at a local university in China. The lexical processing strategies which the participants adopted to analyze unknown words are discussed based on the cognitive processes involved, namely implicit/explicit cognitive processes and top-down/bottom-up cognitive processes. According to the introspective data collected during a think-aloud protocol as well as the results of a subsequent vocabulary retention test, we examine the acquisition effects of different strategies. The results indicate that students can learn vocabulary incidentally through implicit processing, though it has a significantly lower acquisition rate than that of the explicit processing strategies. With regard to the dichotomy of top-down and bottom-up cognitive processes, the bottom-up processing strategy demonstrates better acquisition effects than the top-down strategy. Finally, a multilevel cognitive model of factors that contribute to incidental vocabulary acquisition is developed in an attempt to provide theoretical and practical implications to L2 vocabulary teaching and learning in China.","PeriodicalId":91092,"journal":{"name":"International journal of English linguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43725467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhenyao Lu, Mengyi Luo, Hongmei Yang, Zhuyujie Zou
{"title":"Emergency Language Services in a Zhuang Village in the China-and-Vietnam Borderland","authors":"Zhenyao Lu, Mengyi Luo, Hongmei Yang, Zhuyujie Zou","doi":"10.5539/ijel.v13n3p64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v13n3p64","url":null,"abstract":"As a localized sociolinguistic concept, emergency language services (ELS) have gained an increasing importance during the Covid-19 pandemic in China. Despite the nation-wide promotion of ELS, previous studies seem to center on the language practices in the cosmopolitan cities whereas our knowledge about the peripheral regions remains poorly understood. Given that China has the largest number of bordering countries, it is of significance to conduct ELS in the borderlands. Adopting ELS (Li, Rao, Zhang, & Li, 2020) as a theoretical framework, this study investigates what ELS have been available to a Zhuang-centered minority village in Yunnan bordering Vietnam and how local people respond to the Covid-19 related messages. Based on the semi-structured interviews with two village chiefs, one rural Zhuang doctor and six Zhuang people of different ages and language backgrounds, the study finds that there are insufficient language services available to Zhuang people who are lack of proficiency in Putonghua. The grassroots efforts yet play critical roles, including rural Zhuang doctor who provides emotional support and medical treatment, and village chiefs working as language broker translating Putonghua-mediated messages into Zhuang oral language through the multiple social media. The findings and results of the study can shed lights on providing effective language services for Chinese multilingual population from peripheral regions.","PeriodicalId":91092,"journal":{"name":"International journal of English linguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43614211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}