Bone & Joint Research最新文献

{"title":"Accelerometer-measured postoperative physical activity confers a significant mortality benefit following joint arthroplasty.","authors":"Omar Musbahi, Sara Sousi, Ahmed Al-Saadawi, Sevasti Panagiota Glynou, Alex Bottle, Gareth Jones, Justin Cobb","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.156.BJR-2025-0684.R1","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.156.BJR-2025-0684.R1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The aim of this study was to examine the association between postoperative physical activity and mortality following hip and knee arthroplasty.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the UK Biobank dataset, linked to hospital and death registry data. Adults undergoing hip or knee arthroplasty with valid postoperative accelerometer data were included. Physical activity (PA) metrics, including daily step count, light PA, moderate-to-vigorous PA, Euclidean Norm Minus One (ENMO), and peak cadence, were derived using a machine-learning algorithm. Survival probability was assessed up to 20 years postoperatively using Cox regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,769 patients were included. Between the ten- and 20-year follow-ups, higher PA was associated with reduced all-cause mortality. Multiple Cox regression highlighted that adjusted daily step count (HR 0.92, 95% CI 0.87 to 0.97; p = 0.004), light PA (HR 0.86, 95% CI 0.760 to 0.98; p = 0.020), moderate-to-vigorous PA (HR 0.64, 95% CI 0.42 to 0.97; p = 0.036), ENMO (HR 0.97, 95% CI 0.94 to 1.00; p = 0.030), and peak cadence (HR 0.98, 95% CI 0.97 to 0.99; p = 0.001) were significantly associated with reduced all-cause mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first study to demonstrate that objectively measured postoperative PA predicts long-term survival following hip and knee arthroplasty. These findings highlight the importance of PA and careful procedure selection in maximizing long-term outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"15 6","pages":"705-715"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13275173/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148270285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subluxation-induced liner adhesion and the effect of impaction to prevent liner dislocation in ceramic hip arthroplasty.","authors":"Maximilian Uhler, Mareike Schonhoff, Sebastian Jäger, Therese Bormann, J Philippe Kretzer","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.156.BJR-2025-0615.R1","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.156.BJR-2025-0615.R1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Ceramic-on-ceramic bearings are commonly used in total hip arthroplasty. The long-term clinical results show low revision rates. However, there might be the possibility of liner dislocation during clinical use, due to adhesion forces occurring in the bearing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, the adhesion forces during subluxation of the ceramic head from the liner were measured. Two different implant systems (Mathys SeleXys and DePuy Synthes Pinnacle) with two different head sizes (28 mm and 36 mm) were studied. Additionally, the liner-to-cup fixation forces with three different liner sizes (44 mm, 52 mm, and 64 mm) were analyzed to correlate the adhesion forces with the liner fixation force. Three different assembly forces (1 kN, 2 kN, and 4 kN) were considered.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a significant difference in the adhesion forces between Mathys SeleXys and Depuy Synthes Pinnacle bearings at a head size of 28 mm. However, no significant difference was found for the 36 mm head size. The maximum adhesion force reached 265 N. The liner fixation forces varied depending on the assembly force. For an assembly force of 1 kN, the fixation forces varied between 95 and 385 N, which is partly below the corresponding adhesion force. For assembly forces of 2 kN or more, the liner fixation force was always above the adhesion forces.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A low liner impaction force can lead to liner dislocation due to possible adhesion forces between the ceramic head and the ceramic liner. Sufficient liner impaction forces of more than 2 kN should be applied to prevent the risk of adhesion-related liner extractions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"15 6","pages":"696-704"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13273606/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148263211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative osteogenic performance of Chinese hamster ovary cell-derived versus Escherichia coli-derived recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2.","authors":"Charles Matthews, Lyndsey Johnson, Whitney Holden, John von Benecke","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.156.BJR-2025-0400.R2","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.156.BJR-2025-0400.R2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) is used clinically for bone regeneration. The Food and Drug Administration-approved clinical product (Infuse) is Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-derived, but <i>Escherichia coli</i> (EC)-derived rhBMP-2 may offer manufacturing advantages. This study compared CHO- and EC-derived rhBMP-2 potency in vitro and in vivo.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four EC-derived rhBMP-2 preparations were screened using alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assays in C2C12 and W20-17 cells. The most potent (EC-MAX) was compared to CHO-rhBMP-2. A total of 15 male athymic rats received bilateral absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) implants loaded with 17 µg rhBMP-2 (CHO or EC-MAX) in muscle pouches for four weeks. Bone formation was assessed by radiography, micro-CT, and histology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>EC-MAX showed 2.2-fold higher osteogenic activity in W20-17 cells and 1.3-fold in C2C12 cells versus CHO-rhBMP-2. In vivo, EC-MAX produced ~ ten-fold greater bone volume (88.5 mm³ (SD 12.8) vs 9.2 mm³ (SD 5.4)) and tissue volume (203.3 mm³ (SD 47.9) vs 15.0 mm³ (SD 8.8)). Histology confirmed more mature bone architecture in EC-MAX implants with adipocyte-filled marrow spaces.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Potency cannot be generalized across products. Inter-supplier potency variation exists among EC-derived rhBMP-2 products. EC-MAX demonstrated superior osteoinductive potential both in vitro and in vivo versus CHO. However, substantial variability highlights the need for product-specific characterization.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"15 6","pages":"686-695"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13268706/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148256689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The evaluation of osteoconductive WE43 magnesium as a therapeutic approach for nonunion treatment : a mouse model.","authors":"Alina Marie Schmitz, Judith Hahnemann, Katharina Schmidt-Bleek, Jakob Fenske, Agnes Ellinghaus, Denise Jahn, Heilwig Fischer, Georg Duda, Max Heiland, Carsten Rendenbach","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.156.BJR-2025-0321.R2","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.156.BJR-2025-0321.R2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Nonunion is a challenging condition marked by impaired bone healing and vascularization. While magnesium-based biomaterials show osteogenic and angiogenic potential, their role in nonunion remains controversial. Controlled modification of magnesium-based implants may enable regenerative osteogenesis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Here, WE43, a magnesium alloy, was investigated in a standardized femoral nonunion model in C57Bl/6 mice. Three groups were compared: WE43 alone, WE43 with cancellous bone (WE43+), and cancellous bone alone (control, CTR). Bone healing was assessed at eight and 12 weeks using micro-CT, histology, and immunohistochemistry. Key outcomes included defect bridging, bone volume, mineralization, trabecular metrics, osteoclast/osteoblast activity, and vascularization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>WE43+ significantly reduced defect size and improved bone formation and microvascular density, nearing control levels. In contrast, WE43 alone showed high osteoclast activity, poor mineralization, and fibrotic healing. Magnesium's regenerative performance depended strongly on degradation rate and osteoconductive support. Combining WE43 with cancellous bone improved osseointegration and angiogenesis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>WE43 requires interaction with cancellous bone to support regeneration. Future studies should clarify which properties of cancellous bone enhance magnesium-based healing.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"15 6","pages":"675-685"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13267517/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148249292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Managing large type 2a bone defects from osteoporotic tibial plateau fractures : a finite element analysis.","authors":"Yi Ren, Chloe E H Scott, Shuqiao Xie, Pankaj Pankaj","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.156.BJR-2025-0584.R1","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.156.BJR-2025-0584.R1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This computational study evaluated the biomechanical performance of asymmetric metaphyseal cones in managing large type 2a bone defects from osteoporotic tibial plateau fractures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a pre-existing finite element model of a synthetic medium-sized tibia, six defect patterns with 50 mm cemented stems were analyzed under walking (WA) and stair descending (SD) loads. Models varied in cone unsupported ratios (<i>R</i>_<i>u</i> = 0%, 16%, 32%) and four bone quality levels (stiffness at 100%, 80%, 60%, and 40% of normal values). Gap healing thresholds (0 to 50 μm) were evaluated to assess bone-implant contact areas. Additional long-stem configurations (100 mm) were analyzed for severe osteoporotic conditions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At 50 μm gap healing threshold, severe defects (<i>R</i>_<i>u</i> = 32%) achieved maximum geometrically possible contact area of 55%, while no-defect bone (<i>R</i>_<i>u</i> = 0%) reached 100%. Maximum micromotion (89 μm) remained below the critical osseointegration threshold of 150 μm, but interface area experiencing elevated micromotion (50 to 90 μm) increased markedly with deteriorating bone quality. High-strain regions formed at the inferior cone surface and stem base, with up to 16% of cancellous bone exceeding yield thresholds in severe osteoporotic models during SD. Long-stem configurations reduced supraphysiological strain volume by 47% compared to the short stem, but induced strain concentrations at the stem terminus. Medial defects generated higher strains than lateral configurations but exhibited more uniform strain distribution patterns.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Metaphyseal cones provide adequate biomechanical stability for tibial plateau fractures in osteoporotic bone. The findings suggest that gap healing enables maximal bone-implant contact within geometrical constraints, supporting the clinical use of these implants with appropriate patient selection and postoperative management.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"15 6","pages":"662-674"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13343234/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148197240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient-specific implants for joint-sparing reconstruction of segmental tibial and femoral defects : systematic literature review and introduction of a classification framework.","authors":"Mirka L Buist, Frank F A IJpma, Suzanne van Wees, Anne M L Meesters, Nick Assink, Paul C Jutte","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.156.BJR-2025-0565.R1","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.156.BJR-2025-0565.R1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Segmental bone defects of the femur and tibia present a major challenge for reconstructive surgery, especially in joint-sparing oncological and post-traumatic cases. Patient-specific implants (PSIs), enabled by 3D imaging and additive manufacturing, offer tailored solutions. This review aimed to systematically evaluate clinical applications of PSIs for femoral and tibial shaft reconstruction in terms of mechanical survival rate, and introduce a classification framework to guide implant design and fixation, as well as communication.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search of PubMed and Embase identified studies reporting joint-sparing reconstructions using PSIs for segmental femoral or tibial defects. Data were extracted on implant design, fixation method, material, biological augmentation, and clinical outcomes. A novel classification system was developed to categorize implants by defect location (unicortical, diaphyseal, meta-extended) and fixation type (screws, plates, nails, stems, hybrid). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to assess five-year implant survival across subgroups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 53 studies involving 299 patients were included. Titanium was the predominant material, often featuring lattice structures to support bone ingrowth or grafting. Fixation methods varied, with hybrid fixation showing the highest five-year implant survival rate (97%), followed by stems (95%) and plate- or nail-only fixation (each 90%). Most implants remained failure-free at final follow-up; structural failure was the most common complication. The classification system enabled structured comparison across implant types. A notable concentration of studies (27/53) originated from China, suggesting regional leadership in PSI innovation, potentially linked to regulatory flexibility compared to the European Union.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review provides a structured overview of PSI design and fixation, and outcomes for joint-sparing femoral and tibial reconstruction. The proposed classification framework facilitates standardized reporting and interdisciplinary communication. Hybrid fixation methods demonstrated superior mechanical survival, supporting their use in future PSI designs.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"15 6","pages":"647-661"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13237797/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148161673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autologous osteoperiosteal graft shows superior outcomes to bone graft in shelf acetabuloplasty for acetabular dysplasia : a rabbit model study.","authors":"Rui Wu, Xudong Sun, Xingmei Tang, Lei Xu, Chang Gui, Jianchao Gui","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.156.BJR-2025-0463.R1","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.156.BJR-2025-0463.R1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Endoscopic shelf acetabuloplasty (ESA) has been reported as an effective approach to prevent the progression of borderline developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), typically utilizing autologous iliac bone graft (BG) to address acetabular bone defects. However, BG fails to restore articular cartilage. Autologous osteoperiosteal grafting has shown promising results in repairing osteochondral defects, yet its application in DDH remains unreported. This study aimed to verify the efficacy of autologous osteoperiosteal graft (OPG) in ESA for DDH treatment in a rabbit model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Acetabular dysplasia was induced in 30 female rabbits through six weeks of hindlimb cast immobilization. Subsequently, these animals were randomly allocated into three groups: 1) DDH group (no surgical intervention), 2) BG group (shelf acetabuloplasty with autologous bone grafting), and 3) OPG group (shelf acetabuloplasty with osteoperiosteal grafting). Another ten female normal rabbits served as controls. At four and eight weeks postoperatively, graft transformation and acetabular cartilage status were assessed via gross morphology, histology, and quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Acetabular coverage and subchondral bone quality of the acetabular roof was evaluated by micro-CT, while nanoindentation tests were performed to assess the biomechanical properties of regenerated tissues.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hyaline-like cartilage formation was found macroscopically and histologically in the OPG group while no cartilaginous tissue was detected in the BG group. qRT-PCR showed that the OPG group expressed more cartilage marker genes than the BG group. OPG-regenerated tissue achieved better biomechanical properties while no difference of improved acetabular coverage and subchondral bone quality was found in both graft groups. Moreover, OPG could alleviate acetabular cartilage degeneration much more significantly than BG macroscopically, histologically, and genetically.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study revealed that autologous OPG outperformed conventional BG shelf acetabuloplasty in a rabbit DDH model, suggesting its potential as a superior clinical option for DDH treatment during ESA surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"15 6","pages":"617-631"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13229591/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148148307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FGF9 attenuates osteoarthritis progression through the NRF2/GPX3 antioxidant axis.","authors":"Yuan-Shun Lo, Tsung-Ming Chen, Teng-Le Huang, Yu-Chia Liu, Chu-Han Chang, Chia-Yang Chen, Hung-Lun Hsieh, Chun-Hao Tsai, Yi-Xue Yeow, Chia-Jou Wang, Ya-Huey Chen","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.156.BJR-2025-0365.R1","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.156.BJR-2025-0365.R1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Osteoarthritis (OA), a prevalent age-related joint disease affecting over 250 million people globally, currently lacks effective disease-modifying treatments. Fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9) has shown cartilage-protective effects in post-traumatic OA models, but its role in chondrocyte degeneration and OA pathogenesis remains unclear. This study investigates FGF9's function in human and murine chondrocytes and its therapeutic potential for OA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Gene expression profiling was performed on primary chondrocytes from OA patients and normal controls. Senescence and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were assessed by β-galactosidase staining and flow cytometry. FGF9 function was evaluated through short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated knockdown and treatment with FGF9-conditioned media (CM). The impact of FGF9-enriched exosomes on chondrocyte senescence was also examined in vitro. In vivo effects were tested using adenovirus-delivered FGF9 in a destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM)-induced OA mouse model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FGF9 expression was significantly downregulated in OA chondrocytes (n = 195) compared to normal (n = 71). FGF9 knockdown elevated ROS levels and senescence via suppression of the NRF2/GPX3 antioxidant axis, while FGF9 promoted chondrogenesis in mesenchymal stem cells. Intra-articular FGF9 gene therapy reduced OA progression in DMM mice. Additionally, FGF9-enriched exosomes reduced senescence in primary chondrocytes in vitro.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>FGF9 alleviates OA progression by activating the NRF2/GPX3 pathway, reducing ROS and chondrocyte senescence. These findings support the therapeutic potential of FGF9 and FGF9-enriched exosomes in OA treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"15 6","pages":"632-646"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13232771/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148154996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical testing methods for orthopaedic research : an introduction.","authors":"Radovan Zdero, Pawel Brzozowski, Emil H Schemitsch, Irene Yang","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.156.BJR-2025-0268.R1","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.156.BJR-2025-0268.R1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mechanical testing in a controlled laboratory setting is a vital part of orthopaedic research for investigating the structural-level performance or material-level properties of bones, joints, cartilage, soft tissues, and implants. The results can help researchers stay up to date on new findings, medical companies to develop more effective products, and university educators to instruct students on the practical relevance of classroom learning, so that there is a better understanding of orthopaedic conditions and injuries to optimize treatment. This article provides a brief and practical introduction to commonly used state-of-the-art methods, as well as some classic methods which are accurate, easy to use, and inexpensive, to measure different outcomes during in vitro mechanical testing. Planning a mechanical testing study, however, must be done before any experimentation by goal formation, timeline creation, literature review, and so on. Force or torque methods use mechanical testing machines and individual load cells. Displacement or rotation methods include electromagnetic tracking, extensometers or inclinometers, ultrasonic tracking, and videography. Surface strain or stress methods consist of acoustic emission, digital image correlation, fibre optic sensors, strain gauges, and thermography. Interface area or pressure methods encompass Fujifilm, piezoelectric sensors, staining dye, and Tekscan. Interface tribology methods involve the analysis of fretting corrosion friction and wear.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"15 6","pages":"610-616"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13225897/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148142403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The transcriptional atlas, intercellular communication, and metabolic reprogramming of the cartilage and synovium in osteoarthritis patients with diabetes mellitus : a multiomics study.","authors":"Yinxian Wen, Siyi Liu, Haitao Chen, Ming Tu, Danyang Zhao, Junwei Xing, Wanqin Zheng, Yongkang Zhong, Hui Wang, Liaobin Chen","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.156.BJR-2025-0474.R1","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.156.BJR-2025-0474.R1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>A strong correlation has been observed between diabetes mellitus (DM) with the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). This study aimed to elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which DM exacerbates OA, through multiomics analysis of synovium and cartilage from OA patients with type 2 DM (T2DMOA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Single-cell RNA sequencing, bulk RNA sequencing, and metabolome profiling were performed on knee cartilage and synovium from 21 patients with OA or T2DMOA to investigate the differences in transcriptional landscape, intercellular signalling networks, transcription factor regulatory patterns, and alterations in metabolic pathways.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Single-cell profiling of synovium-cartilage tissues revealed distinct pathological alterations in T2DMOA patients compared to non-diabetic OA controls. In the T2DMOA synovium, we observed significantly enhanced differentiation of sublining fibroblasts into lining fibroblasts, along with enriched pathways governing energy metabolism, vasculogenesis, and cell proliferation. For cell-cell communication between cartilage and synovium, hepatocyte growth factor (<i>HGF</i>)-mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (<i>MET</i>), fibroblast growth factors (<i>FGF</i>) 10-FGF receptor 1 (<i>FGFR1</i>), and nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase (<i>NAMPT</i>)-(integrin subunit alpha 5 (<i>ITGA5</i>) + integrin subunit beta 1 (<i>ITGB1</i>)) from synoviocytes to chondrocytes, as well as angiopoietin-like protein 2 (<i>ANGPTL2</i>)-toll-like receptor 4 (<i>TLR4</i>) and <i>ANGPTL2-</i>(<i>ITGA5 + IGTB1</i>) from chondrocytes to synoviocytes, showed a notable increase in T2DMOA patients. Conversely, T2DMOA cartilage exhibited a pronounced suppression of metabolic activity, particularly in amino acid transport and glycan biosynthesis. Additionally, transcription factors of synoviocytes and chondrocytes were clustered into five and four major modules, respectively, with various functions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings define a diabetes-specific OA phenotype, characterized by aberrant synovial fibroblast activation, dysregulated synovium-cartilage crosstalk, and impaired cartilage metabolism. This integrated view establishes T2DMOA as a unique metabolic-subtype of OA, driven by disrupted intercellular communication and metabolic reprogramming.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"15 6","pages":"584-600"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13222728/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148136691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}