Bone & Joint Research最新文献

{"title":"Changes in the shape of the lumbar curve during growth : a geometric morphometric approach.","authors":"Ruth Pelleg-Kallevag, Sarah Borgel, Einat Kedar, Nathan Peled, Hila May","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.141.BJR-2024-0081.R1","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.141.BJR-2024-0081.R1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The development of lumbar lordosis has been traditionally examined using angular measurements of the spine to reflect its shape. While studies agree regarding the increase in the angles during growth, the growth rate is understudied, and sexual dimorphism is debated. In this study, we used a novel method to estimate the shape of the lumbar curve (LC) using the landmark-based geometric morphometric method to explore changes in LC during growth, examine the effect of size and sex on LC shape, and examine the associations between angular measurements and shape.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study population included 258 children aged between 0 and 20 years (divided into five age groups) who underwent a CT scan between the years 2009 and 2019. The landmark-based geometric morphometric method was used to capture the LC shape in a sagittal view. Additionally, the lordosis was measured via Cobb and sacral slope angles. Multivariate and univariate statistical analyses were carried out to examine differences in shape between males and females and between the age groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall shape of the LC overlapped between males and females in most age groups, except for the nine- to 12-year age group. However, size did not affect LC shape. LC shape changed significantly during growth from straight to curved, reaching its mature shape earlier in females. This corresponded with the results obtained by the lordosis and sacral slope angles. A significant positive correlation was found between the LC shape and angles, although the angles demonstrated poor distinction between age groups, as opposed to the LC shape.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>New insights into LC shape development were achieved using the geometrical morphometric method. The LC shape was sex-independent in most age groups. However, the LC reached its mature shape earlier in females than males. The method and data of this study are beneficial for future studies examining aetiological factors for spinal pathologies and maldevelopment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"58-68"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11769593/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143045150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of implant failure risk due to periprosthetic femoral fracture after primary elective total hip arthroplasty : a simplified and validated model based on 154,519 total hip arthroplasties from the Swedish Arthroplasty Register.","authors":"M Abdulhadi Alagha, Justin Cobb, Alexander D Liddle, Henrik Malchau, Ola Rolfson, Maziar Mohaddes","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.141.BJR-2024-0134.R1","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.141.BJR-2024-0134.R1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>While cementless fixation offers potential advantages over cemented fixation, such as a shorter operating time, concerns linger over its higher cost and increased risk of periprosthetic fractures. If the risk of fracture can be forecasted, it would aid the shared decision-making process related to cementless stems. Our study aimed to develop and validate predictive models of periprosthetic femoral fracture (PPFF) necessitating revision and reoperation after elective total hip arthroplasty (THA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included 154,519 primary elective THAs from the Swedish Arthroplasty Register (SAR), encompassing 21 patient-, surgical-, and implant-specific features, for model derivation and validation in predicting 30-day, 60-day, 90-day, and one-year revision and reoperation due to PPFF. Model performance was tested using the area under the curve (AUC), and feature importance was identified in the best-performing algorithm.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Lasso regression excelled in predicting 30-day revisions (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) = 0.85), while the Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM) model outperformed other models by a slight margin for all remaining endpoints (AUC range: 0.79 to 0.86). Predictive factors for revision and reoperation were identified, with patient features such as increasing age, higher American Society of Anesthesiologists grade (> III), and World Health Organization obesity classes II to III associated with elevated risks. A preoperative diagnosis of idiopathic necrosis increased revision risk. Concerning implant design, factors such as cementless femoral fixation, reverse-hybrid fixation, hip resurfacing, and small (< 35 mm) or large (> 52 mm) femoral heads increased both revision and reoperation risks.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first study to develop machine-learning models to forecast the risk of PPFF necessitating secondary surgery. Future studies are required to externally validate our algorithm and assess its applicability in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"46-57"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756933/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143027821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Periprosthetic joint infections: navigating innovations and potential translation.","authors":"Andreas Fontalis, Warran Wignadasan, Babar Kayani, Fares S Haddad","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.141.BJR-2024-0295.R1","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.141.BJR-2024-0295.R1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"42-45"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11751732/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promotion of microfracture-mediated cartilage repair by the intra-articular injection of Mg2.","authors":"Zhian Chen, Tianhua Zhou, Zhengbo Yin, Peiya Duan, Ying Zhang, Yujiao Feng, Rongmao Shi, Yongqing Xu, Rongqing Pang, Hongbo Tan","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.141.BJR-2024-0017.R2","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.141.BJR-2024-0017.R2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Magnesium ions (Mg²⁺) play an important role in promoting cartilage repair in cartilage lesions. However, no research has focused on the role of Mg²⁺ combined with microfracture (MFX) in hyaline-like cartilage repair mediated by cartilage injury. This study aimed to investigate the beneficial effects of the combination of MFX and Mg²⁺ in cartilage repair.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 60 rabbits were classified into five groups (n = 12 each): sham, MFX, and three different doses of Mg²⁺ treatment groups (0.05, 0.5, and 5 mol/L). Bone cartilage defects were created in the trochlear groove cartilage of rabbits. MFX surgery was performed after osteochondral defects. Mg²⁺ was injected into knee joints immediately and two and four weeks after surgery. At six and 12 weeks after surgery, the rabbits were killed. Cartilage damage was detected by gross observation, micro-CT, and histological analysis. The expression levels of related genes were detected by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The histological results showed that the 0.5 mol/L Mg²⁺ group had deeper positive staining in haematoxylin-eosin (H&E), safranin O, Alcian blue, and type II collagen staining. The new cartilage coverage in the injury area was more complete, and the regeneration of hyaline cartilage was higher. The RT-qPCR results showed that sirtuin 1/bone morphogenetic protein-2/sex-determining region Y box 9 (SIRT1/BMP-2/SOX-9) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) messenger RNA levels were up-regulated after Mg²⁺ injection.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MFX combined with Mg²⁺ treatment has a positive effect on cartilage repair. The Mg²⁺ injection dose of 0.5 mol/L is most effective in enhancing microfracture-mediated cartilage repair.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"20-32"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11737901/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Basic research for ultrasound-guided injection into skeletal muscle lesions in an experimental animal model.","authors":"Kiyomitsu Fujimoto, Takashi Kanamoto, Shunya Otani, Ryo Miyazaki, Kosuke Ebina, Ken Nakata","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.141.BJR-2024-0090.R1","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.141.BJR-2024-0090.R1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Ultrasound-guided injection techniques are expected to enhance therapeutic efficacy for skeletal muscle injuries and disorders, but basic knowledge is lacking. The purpose of this study was to examine the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound for abnormal skeletal muscle lesions, and to examine the distribution patterns of solution and cells injected into abnormal muscle lesions under ultrasound guidance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cardiotoxin (CTX)-induced muscle injury model was used. Briefly, CTX was injected into tibialis anterior muscle in rats under ultrasound observation. First, the diagnostic accuracy of abnormal muscle lesions on ultrasound was examined by comparing ultrasound findings and histology. Next, Fast Green solution and green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labelled cells were simultaneously injected into the abnormal muscle lesions under ultrasound guidance, and their distribution was evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Evaluation of short-axis ultrasound images and cross-sectional histological staining showed a strong correlation (r = 0.927; p < 0.001) between the maximum muscle damage area in ultrasound and haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining evaluations. Histological analysis showed that ultrasound-guided injection could successfully deliver Fast Green solution around the myofibres at the site of injury. In contrast, the distribution of injected cells was very localized compared to the area stained with Fast Green.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This experimental animal study demonstrated the potential of ultrasound to quantitatively visualize abnormalities of skeletal muscle. It also showed that ultrasound-guided injections allowed for highly accurate distribution of solution and cells in abnormal muscle tissue, but the patterns of solution and cell distribution were markedly different. Although future studies using a more clinically relevant model are necessary, these results are important findings when considering biological therapies for skeletal muscle injuries and disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"33-41"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11739951/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Qualitative methods: the missing link in orthopaedic research.","authors":"Samantha Jones, Sarah Tyson","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.141.BJR-2024-0501","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.141.BJR-2024-0501","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"16-19"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11734756/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142982606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reviewer acknowledgement.","authors":"Chloe E H Scott","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.141.BJR-2025-00001","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.141.BJR-2025-00001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11704814/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143762880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Don't mind the gap: reframing the Perren strain rule for fracture healing using insights from virtual mechanical testing.","authors":"Maham Tanveer, Karina Klein, Brigitte von Rechenberg, Salim Darwiche, Hannah L Dailey","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.141.BJR-2024-0191.R2","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.141.BJR-2024-0191.R2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The \"2 to 10% strain rule\" for fracture healing has been widely interpreted to mean that interfragmentary strain greater than 10% predisposes a fracture to nonunion. This interpretation focuses on the gap-closing strain (axial micromotion divided by gap size), ignoring the region around the gap where osteogenesis typically initiates. The aim of this study was to measure gap-closing and 3D interfragmentary strains in plated ovine osteotomies and associate local strain conditions with callus mineralization.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>MicroCT scans of eight female sheep with plated mid-shaft tibial osteotomies were used to create image-based finite element models. Virtual mechanical testing was used to compute postoperative gap-closing and 3D continuum strains representing compression (volumetric strain) and shear deformation (distortional strain). Callus mineralization was measured in zones in and around the osteotomy gap.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Gap-closing strains averaged 51% (mean) at the far cortex. Peak compressive volumetric strain averaged 32% and only a small tissue volume (average 0.3 cm³) within the gap experienced compressive strains > 10%. Distortional strains were much higher and more widespread, peaking at a mean of 115%, with a mean of 3.3 cm³ of tissue in and around the osteotomy experiencing distortional strains > 10%. Callus mineralization initiated outside the high-strain gap and was significantly lower within the fracture gap compared to around it at nine weeks.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ovine osteotomies can heal with high gap strains (> 10%) dominated by shear conditions. High gap strain appears to be a transient local limiter of osteogenesis, not a global inhibitor of secondary fracture repair.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"5-15"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11688128/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142909042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Osteochondral lesions of talus.","authors":"Jitendra Mangwani, Claire Brockett, Elise Pegg","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.1312.BJR-2024-0503","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.1312.BJR-2024-0503","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"13 12","pages":"790-792"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11651179/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142833888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LINC01089 governs the miR-1287-5p/HSPA4 axis to negatively regulate osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells.","authors":"Hao Zou, Fei Hu, Xin Wu, Bin Xu, Guifeng Shang, Dong An, Dehao Qin, Xiaolei Zhang, Aofei Yang","doi":"10.1302/2046-3758.1312.BJR-2023-0272.R2","DOIUrl":"10.1302/2046-3758.1312.BJR-2023-0272.R2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The involvement of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) osteogenic differentiation during osteoporosis (OP) development has attracted much attention. In this study, we aimed to disclose how LINC01089 functions in human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) osteogenic differentiation, and to study the mechanism by which LINC01089 regulates MSC osteogenesis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blotting were performed to analyze LINC01089, miR-1287-5p, and heat shock protein family A (HSP70) member 4 (HSPA4) expression. The osteogenic differentiation of MSCs was assessed through alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, alizarin red S (ARS) staining, and by measuring the levels of osteogenic gene marker expressions using commercial kits and RT-qPCR analysis. Cell proliferative capacity was evaluated via the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The binding of miR-1287-5p with LINC01089 and HSPA4 was verified by performing dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) experiments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LINC01089 expression was reinforced in serum samples of OP patients, but it gradually diminished while hMSCs underwent osteogenic differentiation. LINC01089 knockdown facilitated hMSC osteogenic differentiation. This was substantiated by: the increase in ALP activity; ALP, runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), osteocalcin (OCN), and osteopontin (OPN) messenger RNA (mRNA) levels; and level of ARS staining. Meanwhile, LINC01089 upregulation resulted in the opposite effects. LINC01089 targeted miR-1287-5p, and the LINC01089 knockdown-induced hMSC osteogenic differentiation was repressed by miR-1287-5p depletion. HSPA4 is a downstream function molecule of the LINC01089/miR-1287-5p pathway; miR-1287-5p negatively modulated HSPA4 levels and attenuated its functional effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LINC01089 negatively regulated hMSC osteogenic differentiation, at least in part, via governing miR-1287-5p/HSPA4 signalling. These findings provide new insights into hMSC osteogenesis and bone metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":9074,"journal":{"name":"Bone & Joint Research","volume":"13 12","pages":"779-789"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11648573/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142827337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}