BMC Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Unilateral vitreous amyloidosis as the presenting feature of hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (TTR p.Val50Met): a case report and focused literature review.","authors":"Zixiang Zhang, Haoliang Zhang, Suqin Yu, Weijun Wang, Tong Li","doi":"10.1186/s12886-026-05312-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-026-05312-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTRv) is an autosomal dominant systemic disorder characterized by extracellular amyloid deposition. Ocular manifestations typically present bilaterally, and unilateral vitreous amyloidosis without systemic symptoms or family history is rare. Few reports have documented the laterality pattern of vitreous amyloidosis or its role as an early indicator of systemic disease.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We present a 67-year-old Chinese man who experienced progressive left eye vision loss over 1 year. Dense vitreous opacities in the left eye initially mimicked vitreous hemorrhage or primary intraocular lymphoma. The right eye showed only age-related posterior vitreous detachment and foveal drusen, without clinically apparent vitreous amyloid; its isolated intraocular pressure elevation was not accompanied by optic disc or visual field damage. After exclusion of infectious and neoplastic etiologies through aqueous humor analysis, diagnostic pars plana vitrectomy combined with phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation was performed under general anesthesia. Histopathological examination revealed Congo red-positive amyloid deposits with apple-green birefringence. Genetic testing identified a heterozygous pathogenic TTR variant (NM_000371.4:c.148G > A:p.V50M). Postoperatively, decimal visual acuity improved from counting fingers to 0.4 at 1 week and 0.5 + at the last follow-up. No systemic symptoms of amyloidosis were present; systemic evaluation was recommended.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case demonstrates that ATTRv can present as unilateral vitreous amyloidosis. Our focused PubMed-based review suggests that although vitreous amyloidosis is typically bilateral, unilateral or markedly asymmetric presentation occurs and may be the presenting feature of disease. Late-onset V50M carriers remain at risk for polyneuropathy and cardiomyopathy. Ophthalmologists should consider TTR amyloidosis in unexplained unilateral vitreous opacities and initiate long-term multidisciplinary surveillance.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13651298/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149147512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retinal optical coherence tomography angiography findings in the new- onset migraine patients: a prospective case-control study.","authors":"Hany Mahmoud, Dalia Tohamy, Ahmed Ezzat Amin, Islam Saad El Saman, Mohamed Salah Hamed Korishy","doi":"10.1186/s12886-026-05195-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-026-05195-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>the purpose of this study is to evaluate both macular thickness and vascular density in patients with new- onset migraine using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective case-control study included 109 participants divided into two groups: Group (A), which comprised patients with New- onset migraine (n=54) and group (B), which included healthy control group (n= 55). Both groups were evaluated ophthalmologically and imaged by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) to evaluate both retinal thickness and vasculature.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both groups were well matched regarding age, sex, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), axial length, spherical equivalent (SER) and intraocular pressure (IOP), with no significant difference. The migraine group demonstrated a significant decrease in all vascular parameters in comparison with control group p-value is significant (p < 0.05), Furthermore, when comparing migraine patients with aura to those without aura; patients with aura were significantly more affected.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with migraine, even at their first diagnosis, exhibit abnormal retinal microvasculature. Furthermore, those with aura demonstrate a higher susceptibility to retinal vascular involvement.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13556009/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148918396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic pupillometry in patients with visible optic disc drusen: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Işık Yıldırım, Caner Karakaya, Adem Öztekin","doi":"10.1186/s12886-026-05300-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-026-05300-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although often considered asymptomatic, optic disc drusen (ODD) may be associated with subtle changes in visual pathway function. In this study, the ability of dynamic pupillometry to reveal impairment in patients with visible ODD was examined.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional case‒control study, 67 eyes from 39 patients with visible ODD and 60 eyes from 30 controls comparable in age and sex were examined. All participants underwent fundus imaging, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and dynamic pupillometry. The parameters included the maximum and minimum pupil diameter (PD), mean constriction velocity (MCV), mean dilation velocity (MDV), constriction amplitude (CA), and mean mesopic and photopic PD. Fundus autofluorescence (FAF) intensity on the optic disc was graded 1 to 4 according to quadrant involvement. Group comparisons and FAF-grade associations were analyzed using generalized estimating equations (GEE) to account for inter-eye correlation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The MCV was significantly lower in ODD eyes compared with controls (1.50 ± 0.41 vs. 1.96 ± 0.74 mm/s; β = -0.41, 95% CI: -0.67 to -0.15; Bonferroni-adjusted p = 0.014). Similar findings were obtained in the right-eye sensitivity analysis (p = 0.009). No significant associations were observed between FAF grade and the pupillometric parameters. Average retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness was also lower in the ODD group (90.0 ± 11.4 vs. 96.9 ± 10.6 µm; β = -6.33, 95% CI: -11.84 to -0.81; p = 0.024). FAF grade was significantly associated with lower average RNFL thickness (β = -5.49, 95% CI: -7.28 to -3.71; p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Dynamic pupillometry demonstrated reduced MCV in eyes with ODD, a finding supported by single-eye sensitivity analysis. Although pupillometric parameters were not significantly associated with FAF grade after adjustment for multiple comparisons, higher FAF grades were significantly associated with lower RNFL thickness. These findings suggest altered pupillary dynamics in ODD and a structural association between FAF grade and RNFL thinning.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13573477/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148966351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between macular edema area on optical coherence tomography and Amsler grid sensitivity in diabetic macular edema: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Sophie Wolf, Georg Michelson","doi":"10.1186/s12886-026-05298-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-026-05298-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Early detection of diabetic macular edema (DME) is essential to prevent vision loss through timely treatment. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is the diagnostic gold standard but is not suitable for home monitoring. The Amsler grid represents a simple and inexpensive potential screening tool. This study aimed to determine the sensitivity of the Amsler grid for detecting DME and to assess its association with the size of foveal edema.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, 1,444 eyes of 722 diabetic patients were examined using Spectralis OCT and the Amsler grid, and 90 eyes with DME were identified. A sensitivity analysis restricted to one eye per participant and excluding eyes with concomitant macular pathologies included 34 eyes with intrafoveal DME, in which the area of foveal edema was quantified.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For very small DME (area ≤ 0.01 mm²), the sensitivity of the Amsler grid was 20.0% (1/5 eyes). For edema areas > 0.01 mm², the sensitivity increased to 62.1% (18/29 eyes), and for areas > 0.03 mm², it increased to 69.6% (16/23 eyes).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Amsler grid demonstrated limited sensitivity for detecting DME, particularly for small edema areas (≤ 0.01 mm²). While it may serve as an adjunctive tool for home monitoring in diabetic patients, it cannot replace OCT-based examinations at recommended follow-up intervals.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13548628/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148905059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retinal and choroidal morphometric analysis in fellow eye of unilateral wet age related macular degeneration using optical coherence tomography angiography.","authors":"Sudha Ranabhat, Kiran Shakya, Priya Bajgai, Lazza Singh, Shreeji Shrestha, Roshni Agrawal","doi":"10.1186/s12886-026-05302-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-026-05302-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) when associated with macular neovascularization can cause severe visual morbidity. This study aims to evaluate the retinal and choroidal microvascular alterations using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in eyes with unilateral wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) termed as \"affected eye\" (AE) and compare it with their \"fellow eyes\" (FE).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 60 patients (120 eyes) with age over 50 years. Vessel density (VD), perfusion density (PD), and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) in the superficial capillary plexuses (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP) and avascular slab were assessed using OCTA. Enhanced depth imaging was used to evaluate subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) and choroidal vascularity index (CVI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age was 73.9 ± 9.54 years (51-89 years) with 51.7% male. Quantitative OCTA analysis showed no significant inter-eye differences in VD or PD in SCP or DCP (p > 0.05). However, FAZ was significantly enlarged in AE compared with FE in SCP (0.91 ± 0.40 vs. 0.64 ± 0.20 mm²; p < 0.001) and DCP (p < 0.001). FAZ enlargement in the avascular slab was not statistically significant (p 0.20). Pattern I macular neovascularization (MNV) was significantly associated with the shape (p 0.026), presence of anastomoses (p 0.029), and overall activity scores (p 0.001). Inter-eye differences choroidal parameters were statistically significant for SFCT (p 0.019), haller layer (p 0.014) and CVI (p < 0.001). AE status was significantly associated with age (p 0.04) smoking (p 0.01), and lens status (p 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>FAZ enlargement demonstrated greater inter-eye separation and higher discriminatory performance compared than density-based OCTA parameters and may reflect localized microvascular or structural alteration in unilateral neovascular AMD. OCTA-based assessment of FE may aid in detecting early microvascular alterations and guiding timely intervention, which may be potentiated by retinal and choroidal vascular or structural remodeling.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13548666/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148905012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between serum IgG4 levels and clinical activity of ophthalmopathy in Graves' disease.","authors":"Doğan Mengeş, Ahu Yılmaz, Özlem Doğan, Feyza Önder","doi":"10.1186/s12886-026-05297-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-026-05297-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between serum IgG4 levels and the presence, activity, and severity of thyroid eye disease (TED) within a single cohort of patients with Graves' disease, and to assess the potential role of IgG4 as a complementary biomarker across the clinical spectrum of the disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 46 patients diagnosed with Graves' disease, comprising 23 patients with TED and 23 without TED. All participants underwent a comprehensive ophthalmological and biochemical evaluation, including thyroid function testing, autoantibody profiling, and measurement of serum total IgG, IgG4, and the IgG4/IgG ratio. Disease activity was assessed using the Clinical Activity Score (CAS ≥ 3), and disease severity was classified according to the European Group on Graves' Orbitopathy (EUGOGO) criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Serum IgG4 levels were significantly higher in TED patients than in those without TED (97.7 ± 92.6 vs. 52.9 ± 42.9 mg/dL; p = 0.041). The IgG4/IgG ratio was also increased (8.05 ± 6.75% vs. 4.44 ± 3.42%; p = 0.027). Moderate-to-severe TED showed higher IgG4 and IgG4/IgG values than mild disease (p = 0.042 and p = 0.041). Active TED had greater IgG4 levels than inactive cases (132.0 ± 112.1 vs. 60.2 ± 45.4 mg/dL; p = 0.049). IgG4 correlated positively with activity and severity. The proportion of patients with IgG4 ≥ 135 mg/dL was 8.7% in patients without TED and 21.7% in those with TED, with higher proportions particularly observed in active and moderate-to-severe cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated serum IgG4 levels in TED were associated with the presence, activity, and severity of the disease. These findings suggest that serum IgG4 may reflect underlying immunological activity across the TED spectrum. Measurement of serum IgG4 may serve as a complementary biomarker to conventional clinical scoring systems in the assessment of disease activity and severity. To clarify the clinical significance and temporal dynamics of these associations, large-scale prospective and longitudinal studies incorporating imaging and tissue-based evaluations are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13573412/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148966447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nd: YAG laser rescue of sulcus-placed glaucoma drainage device tube occlusion: a two-case series.","authors":"Md Iftekher Iqbal, Fariah Osman","doi":"10.1186/s12886-026-05234-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-026-05234-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tube occlusion after glaucoma drainage device (GDD) implantation is a recognized complication typically requiring surgical revision. The Aurolab Aqueous Drainage Implant (AADI) is a cost-effective device increasingly used in low- and middle-income countries, yet, to our knowledge, laser management of AADI tube blockage has not been reported.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>Two consecutive cases of postoperative AADI tube obstruction were managed with Nd: YAG laser. Case 1 was an 11-year-old one-eyed girl with primary congenital glaucoma and a failed trabeculotomy-trabeculectomy who developed iris obstruction of a sulcus-placed AADI tube 10 months after implantation. Nd: YAG laser iridotomy restored tube patency. A transient intraocular pressure (IOP) spike, mild hyphema, and moderate anterior chamber reaction occurred and resolved spontaneously within 3 days. At 7 months, IOP remained 12 mmHg without anti-glaucoma medication and no re-occlusion. Case 2 was a 38-year-old one-eyed aphakic man with extensive flame burn, prior bilateral penetrating keratoplasty, and open-sky vitrectomy who developed vitreous tube occlusion 4 weeks after AADI implantation. Nd: YAG vitreolysis reduced IOP from 32 to 28 mmHg within 2 h. However, on day 16 post-laser, conjunctival erosion with plate exposure, bullous keratopathy, and tube migration developed in the setting of limbal stem cell deficiency, necessitating implant explantation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nd: YAG laser may serve as a practical first-line rescue for iris- or vitreous-related obstruction of sulcus-placed GDD tubes in selected high-risk eyes, potentially avoiding immediate surgical revision. This approach is cost-effective and relevant in resource-limited settings. However, long-term success depends on the underlying ocular surface and structural condition of the eye.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13543376/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148890873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined viscocanalostomy and retrabeculotomy versus retrabeculotomy for management of refractory primary congenital glaucoma: a comparative study.","authors":"Zakieh Vahedian, Ghasem Fakhraie, Mahsan Samadi","doi":"10.1186/s12886-026-05292-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-026-05292-9","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;To evaluate and compare the long-term clinical outcomes of combined viscocanalostomy and repeat trabeculotomy (VCO+retbo) versus repeat trabeculotomy alone (retbo) in eyes with primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) that failed initial angle surgery.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This prospective comparative study evaluated 164 eyes with PCG that exhibited an insufficient response to primary trabeculotomy, divided into VCO+retbo (n = 82) and retbo (n = 82) groups. Treatment success was defined as an intraocular pressure (IOP) between 6 and 21 mmHg with a ≥ 20% reduction from baseline, categorized as complete (medication-free) or qualified (with medications). Overall treatment failure served as the principal comparative outcome, whereas complete/qualified success rates and final medication burden were designated as secondary exploratory endpoints.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The mean follow-up duration was 30.36 ± 13.38 months. Regarding the principal outcome, overall failure rates did not differ significantly between groups (31.7% for VCO+retbo vs. 37.8% for retbo; p = 0.219), nor did Kaplan-Meier cumulative survival (log-rank p = 0.290). In multivariable Cox regression, baseline IOP &gt; 30 mmHg prior to second surgery was the sole independent predictor of failure (HR = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.33-4.11, p = 0.003), whereas surgical technique was not predictive. For secondary outcomes among successfully controlled eyes, final IOP did not differ significantly between groups (16.20 ± 2.94 mmHg vs. 17.67 ± 4.35 mmHg). However, the retbo group maintained control with significantly fewer topical medications (0.98 ± 1.10 vs. 2.04 ± 1.03, p &lt; 0.001). Complete success was achieved in 32.9% of retbo eyes compared to 9.8% of VCO+retbo eyes, whereas qualified success was 29.3% versus 58.5%, respectively (p &lt; 0.001).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;No statistically significant difference in overall treatment failure was detected between VCO+retbo and retbo in refractory PCG. Repeat trabeculotomy alone was associated with a higher rate of medication-free success and lower medication burden; these secondary exploratory findings require confirmation in prospective randomized trials with standardized prescribing protocols.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ethics approval: &lt;/strong&gt;The study was approved by the local ethics committee of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (IR. TUMS. FARABIH. REC. 1402.009). The online version of the decree is publicly available at: https://ethics.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Research: &lt;/strong&gt;ac.ir/IR.TUMS.FARABIH.REC.1402.009 Trial registration: This study was not registered in a clinical trial registry. Per our institution's standard practice, prospective registration is reserved for randomized controlled trials; as both surgical techniques compared here are routine, established procedures rather than novel or experimental interventions, the study proceeded under institutional ethics approval alone.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Clinical trial numb","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13536879/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148879146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corneal endothelial layer changes in the meibomian gland dysfunction cases in comparison to healthy controls: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Rana Sorkhabi, Ali Mostafaie, Farhad Najafzadeh, Mohammad Hossein Ahoor, Saba Asghari, Milad Sheikhian, Mohammad Mahdi Nemati, Alireza Akbari Aghdam, Amin Arasteh","doi":"10.1186/s12886-026-05268-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-026-05268-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the corneal endothelial layer characteristics in the meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) cases and compare them to those of the healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Cross-sectional.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>100 eyes from 50 MGD cases and 66 eyes from 33 healthy controls were evaluated in this study. The ocular surface disease index (OSDI), Schirmer's test, tear break-up time (TBUT), tear meniscus height, and MGD staging were evaluated as the subjective and objective parameters of dry eye disease (DED) and MGD. The corneal endothelial cell density (ECD), coefficient of variation in endothelial cell size (CV), and hexagonal cells proportion (HA) were evaluated using the corneal specular microscopy. Linear mixed-effect models (LMMs) were used to compare endothelial parameters between groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age in the MGD group was 56.9 years, and in the controls, 44.3 years. Although the age difference was significant, it was treated as a covariate in the LMM to adjust for age differences across groups. The adjusted mean ECD was 183 cells/mm2 lower in the MGD cases than in the controls. However, the difference was marginally statistically insignificant (95%CI: -371 to + 3, p = 0.055). On the other hand, within-group analysis showed that the more advanced stages of MGD have lower ECD (Mean difference for stage 4 vs. 1: -745 cells/mm², and stage 3 vs. 1: -610 cells/mm²). The CV showed no significant difference between the groups. Adjusted HA means were 40.97% in MGD versus 36.04% in controls (mean difference = + 4.93, 95% CI: +1.31 to + 8.55). However, the HA difference does not appear clinically significant and may be due to inter-measurement variability in specular microscopy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest a potential association between MGD severity and corneal endothelial parameters, particularly endothelial cell density, although this relationship is modest and influenced strongly by age.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13531853/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148872942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of combined Hydrus Microstent implantation and cataract surgery on diurnal intraocular pressure range: a longitudinal, retrospective study.","authors":"Patrick Thelen, Thomas Reinhard, Gloria Helmers, Daniel Böhringer, Jan Lübke, Philip Keye","doi":"10.1186/s12886-026-05247-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12886-026-05247-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the impact of combined Hydrus Microstent implantation and cataract surgery on the 24-hour intraocular pressure (IOP) range in patients with open-angle glaucoma.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This retrospective, single-center study included 125 consecutive eyes of 125 patients who underwent combined Hydrus Microstent implantation and cataract surgery. Inpatient 24-hour IOP profiles (comprising daytime Goldmann applanation tonometry and nocturnal iCare rebound tonometry) from before and after surgery were analyzed. Surgical success was defined as a postoperative mean 24-hour IOP ≤ 21 mmHg with either a ≥ 20% reduction from baseline or a reduction in glaucoma medication burden. The primary outcome measures were changes in mean 24-hour IOP, maximum 24-hour IOP, and 24-hour IOP range (defined as the difference between the maximal and minimal 24-hour IOP).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean preoperative 24-hour IOP of 21.0 ± 5.5 mmHg decreased to 16.5 ± 4.0 mmHg postoperatively (mean reduction: 4.5 mmHg) at a mean follow-up of 76 days (range 7-338 days; median 61 days; IQR 35-91). The 24-hour IOP range significantly decreased from 10.7 ± 6.5 mmHg to 7.7 ± 4.0 mmHg (p < 0.001), and mean maximum 24-hour IOP decreased by 6.2 ± 5.4 mmHg. The number of glaucoma medications was reduced from 2.4 ± 1.2 to 0.6 ± 1.1, with 74.4% of patients becoming medication-free. Overall surgical success was achieved in 88.0% of patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Combined Hydrus Microstent implantation and cataract surgery significantly reduced glaucoma medication burden and effectively decreased 24-hour IOP range and pressure spikes. PRéCIS: Combined Hydrus Microstent implantation with cataract surgery reduced diurnal intraocular pressure range and pressure peaks while lowering mean intraocular pressure, indicating improved pressure stability beyond average reduction alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":9058,"journal":{"name":"BMC Ophthalmology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13527981/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148863641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}