BMC Geriatrics最新文献

{"title":"Body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, abdominal volume index, and cognitive function in older Chinese people: a nationwide study.","authors":"Zhenzhen Liang, Wei Jin, Li Huang, Huajian Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12877-024-05521-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12877-024-05521-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Numerous studies have indicated an obesity paradox in observational research on aging health, where being normal weight or underweight adversely affects cognitive function, while moderate obesity may offer protective benefits. This study aims to investigate the association between body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), abdominal volume index (AVI), and the joint effect of BMI and HC on cognitive impairment in older Chinese people.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 10,579 participants aged 65 years and older from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) were included in this cross-sectional study. BMI, WC, HC, WHtR, WHR, and AVI were calculated from height, weight, WC, and HC measurements, where weight, WC, and HC were obtained by direct measurement. Mini-Mental State Examination was used to assess cognitive impairment. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were estimated using binary logistic regression. Non-linear correlations were investigated using restricted cubic spline curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In multivariate logistic regression models fully adjusted for confounding variables, our analyses showed significant negative associations of WC [OR 0.93 (95%CI 0.88-0.98), P = .012], HC [OR 0.92 (95%CI 0.87-0.97), P = .004], lower WHR (Q2) [OR 0.85 (95%CI 0.72-1.00), P = .044], and AVI [OR 0.93 (95%CI 0.88-0.98), P = .011] with cognitive impairment. Nonlinear curve analysis showed that the risk of cognitive impairment was lowest when the BMI was about 25.5 kg/m², suggesting that the optimal BMI for older Chinese people to maintain good cognitive ability may be in the overweight range. In addition, there was a non-linear \"N\" shaped relationship between HC and cognitive impairment, with HC having the highest risk of cognitive impairment at about 82 cm and the lowest risk at about 101 cm. The joint effects analysis indicated that the lowest risk was observed among those with normal or higher BMI but higher HC compared with participants with normal BMI levels and lower HC levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In older Chinese people, a low-waisted and high-hip circumference body figure is favorable for cognitive function in older people. It also found a significant association between AVI and cognitive impairment. The joint analysis of BMI and HC suggests that maintaining a normal or higher BMI with a higher HC may be more conducive to maintaining good cognitive function.</p>","PeriodicalId":9056,"journal":{"name":"BMC Geriatrics","volume":"24 1","pages":"925"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11546056/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142614467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of immersive virtual reality stimulation and/or multicomponent physical exercise on cognitive and functional performance in hospitalized older patients with severe functional dependency: study protocol for a randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Antón de la Casa-Marín, Fabiola Zambom-Ferraresi, Maria Cristina Ferrara, Iranzu Ollo-Martínez, Arkaitz Galbete, Belén González-Glaría, Débora Moral-Cuesta, Itxaso Marín-Epelde, Chenhui Chenhuichen, Marta Lorente-Escudero, Rodrigo Molero-de-Ávila, Agurne García Baztán, Fabricio Zambom-Ferraresi, Nicolás Martínez-Velilla","doi":"10.1186/s12877-024-05516-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12877-024-05516-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hospital-associated functional decline affects nearly one-third of the hospitalized older adults. The aim of this trial is to investigate the effect of a cognitive stimulation intervention provided via immersive virtual reality (IVR), with or without a multicomponent physical exercise intervention (ME) in hospitalized patients aged 75 or older with severe functional dependency at admission (Barthel Index < 60 points).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This clinical randomized controlled trial will be conducted in the Acute Geriatric Unit of a tertiary hospital in Spain. A total of 212 acute patients will be enrolled according to the following criteria: age ≥ 75, Barthel Index < 60, able to collaborate, expected length of stay ≥ 5 days, absence of clinical instability and severe dementia (Global Deterioration Scale 7) or other end-stage disease. Patients will be randomly assigned to a control group (CG) or any of the three intervention groups (IG): IVR, ME, or IVR + ME. The IVR group will watch ad-hoc videos showing Spanish regional landscapes and villages, approximately 4 min per day for three consecutive days. The ME group will undergo aerobic and strength exercise for progressive training of the upper and lower limbs. The IVR + ME group will do both cognitive and physical intervention. The primary outcomes will be cognitive and physical measures at discharge. Mood, quality of life, isometric strength, and acceptance of IVR will be also assessed.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This project has the potential to enhance physical and psychological well-being of patients with severe functional dependency hospitalized for acute conditions, using technology. Virtual reality is expected to be favourably perceived by hospitalized older adults. This intervention represents a novelty in the geriatric patients' care, comprising IVR and/or ME dispensed within the patient's room, and including patients who are commonly excluded from research clinical trials.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>This study was approved by the Navarra Clinical Research Ethics Committee on May 17th, 2023 (PI_2023/60). The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, registration number NCT06340282, 24th May 2024.</p>","PeriodicalId":9056,"journal":{"name":"BMC Geriatrics","volume":"24 1","pages":"924"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11545771/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142614507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is the level of nutrition care provided to older adults attending emergency departments? A scoping review.","authors":"Cerenay Sarier, Mairéad Conneely, Sheila Bowers, Liz Dore, Rose Galvin, Anne Griffin","doi":"10.1186/s12877-024-05478-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12877-024-05478-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Older adults often experience adverse health outcomes including malnutrition following discharge from emergency departments (ED). Discharge to community care is a transitionary time where nutritional vulnerability could be mitigated with the instigation of targeted nutrition care pathways in ED settings.</p><p><strong>Aims and objectives: </strong>This scoping review aimed to establish and describe the level of nutrition care provided to older adults admitted and subsequently discharged from EDs.</p><p><strong>Research design: </strong>Systematic searches of nine academic and grey literature databases (Medline (Ovid), Pubmed, CINAHL Complete (EBSCOhost), EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Scopus), grey literature sources (DART-Europe E-theses portal, Open Grey, and Trip Medical database) and four websites (Google, Google Scholar, NICE and LENUS) for relevant professional and organisational publications of research, policy, practice, and guidelines between January 2011 to 2023 were completed. Eligible studies included a population of older adults (≥ 65 years) with an ED attendance and subsequent community discharge, and where nutrition screening had identified malnutrition. Data were extracted on the level of nutrition and dietetic care initiated for older adults in the ED according to the Nutrition Care Process Model and summarised descriptively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 22 studies were included in the review. Nutrition status was screened on admission to the ED using validated tools: Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (n = 13), Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (n = 2), Short Nutritional Assessment Questionnaire (n = 2), NRS-2002 (n = 1) and the Mini Nutritional Assessment - Full Form (n = 1). A full nutrition assessment was reported by 5 studies. Only one study referred to documentation of malnutrition in healthcare records. Subsequent nutrition intervention after discharge from the ED for older adults was not described in any study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While there is evidence to support malnutrition screening is taking place in EDs, there is a lack of information about subsequent nutrition care including assessment and therapy interventions. This points to the need for comprehensive exploration of nutrition care pathways, practice, policy, and research to inform models of integrated care for older persons.</p>","PeriodicalId":9056,"journal":{"name":"BMC Geriatrics","volume":"24 1","pages":"921"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11542468/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142602297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the barriers to the development of organizational health literacy in health institutions to meet the needs of older patients from multiple perspectives: a mixed-methods study.","authors":"Jie Zhu, Haiyan Fu, Angela Y M Leung, Yining Zhang, Jingwen Lin, Yijing Li, Yanru Kang, Runjie Sun, Xinqi Xu, Ping Hou, Pei Duan, Jiayuan Tu, Jin Xue, Xine Mao, Jingwen Qin, Yongbing Liu","doi":"10.1186/s12877-024-05530-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12877-024-05530-z","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The latest evidence on health literacy in China revealed that only 8% of individuals aged 65-69 years, a segment of the geriatric population, possess adequate health literacy levels, indicating a low level in China. Studies have demonstrated that improving the organizational health literacy of healthcare institutions is a crucial approach to addressing low health literacy among older patients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To explore the obstacles hindering the advancement of organizational health literacy in healthcare institutions in meeting the needs of older patients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design: &lt;/strong&gt;A mixed-methods approach was employed to investigate both the status and barriers to the establishment of organizational health literacy within two healthcare institutions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Participants: &lt;/strong&gt;Participants included older individuals aged over 60, clinical staff, and managerial personnel from these two health institutions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This research utilized the social-ecological model as its theoretical foundation and utilized a mixed-methods approach to examine the current status and challenges in developing organizational health literacy within healthcare institutions. Initially, a survey using a questionnaire (n = 178) was conducted among older patients to evaluate the establishment of organizational health literacy from their perspective. Following this, interviews (n = 22) were carried out with administrators, clinical personnel, and elderly patients to identify the barriers hindering the development of organizational health literacy within healthcare institutions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Quantitative research indicates that health institutions have been less accommodating to the requirements of older patients, with health information dissemination and communication emerging as the weakest areas. Qualitative investigations revealed three key influencing factors: patient-related factors, including physiological and cognitive decline, as well as low educational attainment among older patients; organizational factors, including inadequate clinical staff numbers, deficient long-term systematic training, and a digital divide resulting from health institutions' digital advancements; and policy-related factors indicating a lack of regulations governing the establishment of organizational health literacy within healthcare institutions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The two most vulnerable aspects of OHL in medical institutions regarding the needs of older patients are health information and communication. The factors influencing the construction of OHL in medical institutions are multifaceted, encompassing micro, meso, and macro levels. At the macro level, it is essential for medical institutions to enhance leadership awareness of OHL and to incorporate its development into institutional strategic plans. At the meso-level, medical institutions should be made to optimi","PeriodicalId":9056,"journal":{"name":"BMC Geriatrics","volume":"24 1","pages":"920"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11542436/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142602047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protocol for a prospective, longitudinal cohort study on the incidence of dementia after the onset of delirium in patients with mild cognitive impairment: MDDCohort (Mild Cognitive Impairment Delirium Dementia).","authors":"Kyoung Ja Moon, Mina Park","doi":"10.1186/s12877-024-05480-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12877-024-05480-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a major risk factor for delirium. Few studies with mid- to long-term follow-up periods have examined delirium, MCI, and the conversion of MCI to dementia. This prospective, longitudinal cohort study aims to assess the incidence of dementia after delirium onset in patients with MCI and to develop an artificial intelligence algorithm for predicting the conversion of MCI to dementia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 30-day evaluation for delirium will be performed for adults aged ≥ 65 years diagnosed with MCI who score 18-23 on the Korean Mini-Mental State Exam. Individuals exhibiting delirium at least once will be classified into the delirium group and the remainder into the non-delirium group. Over 3 years, patients will undergo follow-ups for survival and conversion to dementia at 30-day intervals to analyze risk factors for delirium and clinical outcomes. Differences between the two groups will be analyzed using the chi-square and independent t-tests. Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox proportional hazard regression will be used to assess the effects on 30-day, 60-day, 12-month, 24-month, and 36-month mortality, whereas linear regression will be used to assess the length of stay at long-term care facilities and medical costs.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The results will emphasize the importance of preventing delirium in MCI patients, and preventive interventions can be strengthened.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>NCT05113446 (ClinicalTrials.gov). Registered 9 November 2021 - Retrospectively registered.</p>","PeriodicalId":9056,"journal":{"name":"BMC Geriatrics","volume":"24 1","pages":"922"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11542405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142602162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Older patients affected by COVID-19: investigating the existence of biological phenotypes.","authors":"Alberto Zucchelli, Marta Parigi, Silvia Giliani, Davide Liborio Vetrano, Daniela Lucente, Emanuele Marzetti, Riccardo Calvani, Giuseppe Bellelli, Alessandra Marengoni","doi":"10.1186/s12877-024-05473-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12877-024-05473-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>COVID-19 provides an opportunity to examine biological phenotypes (observable morphological, functional and biological characteristics) in individuals who experience the same acute condition, potentially revealing differences in response to acute external stressors. The aim our study was to investigate biological phenotypes in older patients hospitalized for COVID-19, exploiting a panel of aging biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were gathered from the FRACOVID Project, an observational multicenter study, aimed to evaluate the impact of frailty on health-related outcomes in patients 60 + with COVID-19 in Northern Italy. A hierarchical cluster analysis was run using log-transformed and scaled values of TNF-a, IL-1 beta, IL-6, PAI-1, GDF-15, NT-proBNP, and Cystatin C evaluated at admission.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty-one participants (mean age 75.3 years; 60.5% male) were evaluated. Frailty was identified in 42% of the sample and 27.2% were unable to ambulate outdoors. The mean hospital stay was 24.7 days, with an in-hospital mortality rate of 18.5%. Three biological phenotypes were found: (1) 'inflammatory', with high inflammatory biomarkers; (2) 'organ dysfunction', characterized by elevated cystatin C and NT-proBNP, and lower inflammatory markers; and (3) 'unspecific', with lower NT-proBNP and GDF-15 levels, and intermediate concentrations of other biomarkers. The 'organ dysfunction' phenotype showed the highest mean age and prevalence of frailty, disability, and chronic diseases. The 'inflammatory' phenotype showed the highest burden of respiratory and systemic signs and symptoms of infection.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Biological phenotypes might be used to identify different clinical and functional phenotypes in individuals affected by COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":9056,"journal":{"name":"BMC Geriatrics","volume":"24 1","pages":"923"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11542346/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142602221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a social network enhancement intervention for older adults: a feasibility study.","authors":"Jiangning Fu, Zhiwei Zheng, Boyu Zhai, Rongxia Guo, Nuo Kong, Xiaomei Liu, Juan Li","doi":"10.1186/s12877-024-05442-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12877-024-05442-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Social networks play a critical role in the mental health of older adults. This pilot study investigates the feasibility of a newly developed intervention to enhance older adults' social networks. This intervention was designed on the Theory of Mind's foundation and aimed to enhance older adults' social interaction motivation through theoretical explanations. Furthermore, the courses fostered more social opportunities for the participants through group-based sessions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The feasibility of this intervention was tested using a double-blind, two-arm, non-randomized grouping approach. Older individuals residing in two separate residential buildings (n = 31, mean age = 66.81, 48% women) were divided into an intervention group (n = 15) and a control group (n = 16). They attended daily group sessions at a designated location and completed homework assignments. The primary outcomes of this pilot study were the feasibility of the intervention, and secondary outcomes included Theory of Mind levels and social network indicators. Additional outcomes encompassed levels of global mental health and depression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All participants completed the pilot intervention and completed assessments. The primary outcomes indicated that the intervention had excellent feasibility, including compliance (attendance and homework completion rates met the standards) and satisfaction (average ratings for all items ranged from 4.47 to 5.00 on a 5-point scale). Interview results revealed that participants in the intervention group found the intervention beneficial for their daily lives and expressed a desire to participate in a formal intervention. Regarding secondary and additional outcomes, compared to the control group, the intervention group exhibited a significant improvement in emotional recognition performance of Theory of Mind. There was a significant increase in the whole network density in the intervention group. There were no significant differences in other social network indicators, global mental health, and depression levels in the intervention group compared to the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The social network enhancement intervention for older adults is feasible. This pilot study has identified several improvements in the courses and tests. It is necessary to carry out a formal course to examine the effectiveness of the intervention on social networks in older adults.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Registration number: ChiCTR2100053779; Reg Date: 29/11/2021.</p>","PeriodicalId":9056,"journal":{"name":"BMC Geriatrics","volume":"24 1","pages":"918"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11542368/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142602118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sequential multiple mediating effect of loneliness and family health on physical frailty and willingness to age at home in older adults: a national survey in China.","authors":"Xuan Wang, Yifan Jiang, Zhiyong Xu, Lin Qi, Yibo Wu, Min Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12877-024-05520-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12877-024-05520-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>With the rapid ageing of the global population, the number of older adults with physical frailty has been gradually increasing, making ageing at home a key strategy for coping with this demographic change. The opinions of older adults regarding their willingness to age at home deserve to be considered respectfully. As a result, this study aimed to investigate willingness to age at home and any associated underlying mechanisms involving physical frailty among older Chinese adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was a national cross-sectional survey. Stratified random and quota sampling were used before and after the individual level respectively. Willingness to age at home was compared between older adults with different characteristics using the Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis H test. A Spearman rank test was conducted to explore the correlations among physical frailty, loneliness, family health, and willingness to age at home. The path hypothesis that loneliness and family health influence the relationship between physical frailty and willingness to age at home among older adults was further tested through sequential multiple mediation analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 3,837 older adults were included in this study. They returned a median score of 78 in terms of willingness to age at home. Physical frailty (β = - 0.044, P < 0.01) and loneliness (β = - 0.070, P < 0.001) were negatively associated, and family health (β = 0.275, P < 0.001) was positively associated with a willingness to age at home among older Chinese adults. Loneliness and family health played sequential multiple mediating role (β = - 0.018, Boot SE = 0.002, 95% CI = [-0.022, - 0.014]) between physical frailty and willingness to age at home.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Reducing physical frailty in older adults, reducing their sense of loneliness, and enhancing their family health is essential, as it can increase their levels of confidence with regard to ageing at home.</p>","PeriodicalId":9056,"journal":{"name":"BMC Geriatrics","volume":"24 1","pages":"919"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11542314/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142602285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with the occupational balance in caregivers of people with dementia: A cross-sectional study from the ATENEA project.","authors":"Daniel Prieto-Botella, Paula Fernández-Pires, Paula Peral-Gómez, Cristina Espinosa-Sempere, Verónica Company-Devesa, José-Ángel Pastor-Zaplana, Loreto González-Román, Jessica Garrido-Pedrosa, Inmaculada Zango-Martín, Petra Wagman, Alicia Sánchez-Pérez","doi":"10.1186/s12877-024-05518-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12877-024-05518-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Occupational balance (OB) has been associated with health indicators in informal caregivers (CGs) such as well-being and subjective health. Consequently, maintaining an adequate OB could be crucial to providing adequate care without becoming overwhelmed, converting the condition of caregivers into an important aspect of public health as the ageing population increases. However, little is known about the factors influencing OB in CGs. Thus, this study aimed to explore the associated factors with the OB in CGs of persons with dementia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We cross-sectionally analysed data from 134 CGs and the individuals with dementia. We assessed CGs' OB using the Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OBQ). Simultaneously, several sociodemographic, clinical, and caregiving-related variables including CGs' burden and psychological distress were assessed. The association between the CGs' OB and those factors was explored through robust multiple linear regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Firstly, CGs that presented secondary education exhibited a decrement of 5.41 (CI95% = -10.62, -0.41; p-value = 0.03) OB points. Moreover, CGs with higher education experienced a more pronounced OB reduction (β = -7.74; 95%CI = -12.19, -3.29; p-value = < 0.001). Secondly, those CGs that were retired showed an OB increment of 5.52 (CI95% = 1.14, 9.38; p-value = 0.01). Thirdly, receiving assistance with household chores was associated with an OB increase of 5.80 (CI95% = 2.21, 9.38; p-value = 0.001). Fourthly, and regarding clinical measures, CGs experiencing overload or psychological distress were associated with an OB points decrement of 7.87 (CI95% = -12.51, -3.23; p-value = 0.001) and 9.17 (CI95% =-13.51, -4.84; p-value < 0.001), respectively. Finally, 1% increment in the Disability Assessment for Dementia obtained from the individuals with dementia was associated with an increment of 0.11 (CI95% = 0.04, 0.18; p-value = 0.002) OB points.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study identified several associated factors with the OB of CGs of persons with dementia. Specifically, we remarked that the CGs' education, employment status, household chores assistance, overload presence, psychological distress symptoms and the functional level of the person with dementia who cared for were important variables that should be considered when evaluating OB or creating OB-related interventions in CGs.</p>","PeriodicalId":9056,"journal":{"name":"BMC Geriatrics","volume":"24 1","pages":"917"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11539275/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142589991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociodemographic and health disparities in self-care difficulties among older individuals: Evidence from South Africa.","authors":"Ghose Bishwajit, Sanni Yaya","doi":"10.1186/s12877-024-05416-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12877-024-05416-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>As South Africa's population rapidly ages, the burden of non-communicable diseases and the challenges of performing daily care activities among older individuals are increasing. This study investigates trends in self-reported difficulties with daily care activities among older adults in South Africa and examines the association between these difficulties, sociodemographic factors, and chronic conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study used cross-sectional data from ten rounds of South Africa General Household Survey (2012-2021). Sample population included 26,362 men and 42,400 women aged 60 years and above. The outcome measure was assessed by self-reported difficulty in performing basic care activities such as washing or dressing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 2012 and 2021, the percentage of participants reporting \"A lot of difficulty\" increased by 79.75%, \"Some difficulty\" increased by 112.11%, while \"Unable to do\" decreased by 8.97%. The risk of self-care difficulties was higher for men (RR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.02, 1.20) and increased with age: RR = 1.24 (95% CI = 1.08, 1.42) for ages 65-69; RR = 2.27 (95% CI = 2.00, 2.58) for ages 70-74; and RR = 5.65 (95% CI = 5.08, 6.28) for ages 75+. Not being currently married (RR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.51, 1.79), being of African/Black (RR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.06, 1.38) or Coloured race (RR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.21, 1.65), and having diabetes (RR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.34, 1.55), hypertension (RR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.26, 1.45), or asthma (RR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.14, 1.48) were also associated with a higher risk of self-care difficulties.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was a notable increase in the proportion of participants reporting significant difficulty and some difficulty in performing self-care tasks, while a decrease was observed in the category of participants unable to do such tasks. Health policies should prioritize the specific needs of vulnerable sociodemographic and health groups, considering their increased risk of self-care difficulties.</p>","PeriodicalId":9056,"journal":{"name":"BMC Geriatrics","volume":"24 1","pages":"915"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11539664/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142590002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}