Austin journal of pharmacology and therapeutics最新文献_第2页

Validation Method for Blood and Saliva Lithium Determination: Application for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry 血液和唾液中锂测定的验证方法:原子吸收分光光度法在治疗药物监测中的应用

Austin journal of pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2022-01-26 DOI: 10.26420/austinjpharmacolther.2022.1158

Hazim A, Hamadi S, Idkaidek N, Abu-Dayyah W, Al-Tweiq A-M, Aljalab T, Hailat M

{"title":"Validation Method for Blood and Saliva Lithium Determination: Application for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry","authors":"Hazim A, Hamadi S, Idkaidek N, Abu-Dayyah W, Al-Tweiq A-M, Aljalab T, Hailat M","doi":"10.26420/austinjpharmacolther.2022.1158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/austinjpharmacolther.2022.1158","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Lithium is an effective medication used as first-line therapy for bipolar disorder. Due to its narrow therapeutic index, frequent monitoring is highly recommended. Objective: This study was designed to validate the atomic absorption spectrophotometric method for serum and saliva lithium determination and examine its application for lithium therapeutic monitoring in patients with bipolar affective disorder. Methods: The atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) apparatus (Rayleigh, China) analyzes lithium in human blood and saliva samples. Precision, Recovery % (Accuracy), Detection Limit, and Specificity were evaluated to validate the used analysis method. The patient's study design was based on an observational study, where four patients with bipolar disorders type 1 and 2 (adults with bipolar disorder and on lithium therapy for one month) aged 32 to 64 years and weighing from 56 to 92 kg participated in this study. Four samples were collected from each patient, two samples of blood and another two of saliva. Results: A linear relationship between the absorbance and lithium concentrations was obtained in 0.175 - 7 μg/mL with an R2 of 0.99. Precision, Recovery % (Accuracy), Detection Limit, and Specificity are within the accepted limits. Ratio analysis of (Saliva/Blood) of Cmin, Cmax, and Cpss were 2.64, 3.77, and 3.54, respectively. The salivary lithium therapeutic range was 2.83- 4.25 mmol/L, which is much higher than blood. Only lithium Cmax in saliva was slightly affected by Body mass index (BMI), age, and creatinine clearance (CLcr), suggesting insignificant effects on lithium levels in general. Conclusions: The AAS method used in this study is reliable and accurate for determining serum and saliva lithium concentrations. A higher correlation coefficient between lithium in saliva and blood suggests that saliva is an excellent candidate to replace blood for lithium therapeutic drug monitoring.","PeriodicalId":90448,"journal":{"name":"Austin journal of pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45961809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Centella Asiatica in the Conservative Treatment of Anal Fissure and Hemorrhoids in Comparison with Flavonoids 积雪草与黄酮类化合物保守治疗肛裂和痔疮的比较

Austin journal of pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2021-11-08 DOI: 10.26420/austinjpharmacolther.2021.1157

Chiaretti M, Italia Chiaretti M

{"title":"Centella Asiatica in the Conservative Treatment of Anal Fissure and Hemorrhoids in Comparison with Flavonoids","authors":"Chiaretti M, Italia Chiaretti M","doi":"10.26420/austinjpharmacolther.2021.1157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/austinjpharmacolther.2021.1157","url":null,"abstract":"In this review we report effects Centella asiatica (Ca) in comparison with Flavonoids (Fs) to find out which best deals with healing time, bleeding and pain in the treatment of outpatients with chronic Anal Fissure (AF) on one hand. On the other hand, we report also the time-to-stop bleeding, and the anal irritation in patients who complained of Hemorrhoidal Disease (HD). Ninety-eight outpatients with AF were divided randomly into treated (either Fs or Ca) and control group. The control group (Group C, n=32) received the traditional treatment along with the other two subgroups which were treated, additionally, with Fs (Group A, n=30) or Ca (Group B, n=36). Patients were observed once weekly over 8 consecutive weeks. In another study, 130 patients with HD were studied for bleeding and pain after hemorrhoidectomy (31 patients) and hemorrhoidal thrombosis (34 patients) in the short time (II). The treated group (both conservative and surgical) was divided into two subgroups: one treated with Fs (Group A, n = 73), the other with Ca (Group B, n = 66). Sixty patients were randomized to receive the routine treatment (both conservative and surgical) (control Group C). Time-to-stop bleeding was checked at baseline and checkups (0 up to day 42).","PeriodicalId":90448,"journal":{"name":"Austin journal of pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41678298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inhibition of Rhoa/Rho Kinase by Ibuprofen Exerts Cardioprotective Effect against Ischemic Reperfusion Injury in Rats 布洛芬抑制大鼠Rhoa/Rho激酶对缺血再灌注损伤的心脏保护作用

Austin journal of pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2021-10-26 DOI: 10.26420/austinjpharmacolther.2021.1156

Gandhi T, Patel P, M. A, S. H

{"title":"Inhibition of Rhoa/Rho Kinase by Ibuprofen Exerts Cardioprotective Effect against Ischemic Reperfusion Injury in Rats","authors":"Gandhi T, Patel P, M. A, S. H","doi":"10.26420/austinjpharmacolther.2021.1156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/austinjpharmacolther.2021.1156","url":null,"abstract":"Ischemic Reperfusion Injury is the main cause of mortality globally, researchers are concentrating their efforts on heart protection. Ibuprofen inhibits rho-kinase, a downstream effector of a protein implicated in Ischemic Reperfusion Injury. The goal of this study is to deter Ischemic Reperfusion Injuryne whether ibuprofen has a cardioprotective effect in rats. In an experimental animal, Ischemic Reperfusion Injury was produced by undergoing coronary artery ligation operations. The rats were rando Ischemic Reperfusion Injuryzed into six groups: (I) Normal; (II) model; (III) Sham; (IV-VI) ISO þ ibuprofen (30, 60 and 90 mg/kg p.o). At the end of surgery Langendorff, cardiac marker enzymes, electrolytes, anti-oxidants and gene expression of ROCK-1 were investigated. Pre-treatment with ibuprofen (30, 60, 90 mg/kg, p.o.) for 21 days normalise Blood pressure and improved the ECG pattern, left ventricular function by avoiding ROCK-mediated damage, and prevented the rise in CK-MB, LDH, and Troponin-I and electrolyte level by maintaining cellular integrity. Further, ibuprofen downregulate the mRAN expression of ROCK-1 and preserved the cellular architecture of myocardial tissue. Ibuprofen provided cardioprotection in a model of myocardial infarction, by restoring most of the altered physical, physiological, bioche Ischemic Reperfusion Injurycal, haemodyna Ischemic Reperfusion Injuryc parameters, antioxidant status, and histological changes and by inhibiting ROCK-1 mRNA expression.","PeriodicalId":90448,"journal":{"name":"Austin journal of pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43739071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mitochondrial Stress by Toxic Elements - An Overview 线粒体应激有毒元素-概述

Austin journal of pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2021-10-16 DOI: 10.26420/austinjpharmacolther.2021.1155

Rana Svs

引用次数: 1

Various Chemical Strategies & Mediators that Improve Beta-Cell Function Through Regeneration and Reprogramming 通过再生和重编程改善β细胞功能的各种化学策略和介质

Austin journal of pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2021-10-15 DOI: 10.26420/austinjpharmacolther.2021.1154

Ghanbari Rad M, Dastgerdi Ah, Rezazadeh Ah, S. N.

{"title":"Various Chemical Strategies & Mediators that Improve Beta-Cell Function Through Regeneration and Reprogramming","authors":"Ghanbari Rad M, Dastgerdi Ah, Rezazadeh Ah, S. N.","doi":"10.26420/austinjpharmacolther.2021.1154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/austinjpharmacolther.2021.1154","url":null,"abstract":"Β cell mass is defined as the total weight of cells in the pancreas and is determined by the balance between death [apoptosis/necrosis] and birth [proliferation of existing cells and neogenesis/ deformation] as well as the volume of individual cells [atrophy/hypertrophy]. Deficiency in beta cells causes diabetes. Type 1 Diabetes [T1D] and Type 2 Diabetes [T2D] are defined as blood hyperglycemia caused by an absolute or relative deficiency of pancreatic Β cells. Β cell mass regeneration is a potential therapeutic strategy for the recovery of damaged Β cells. So far, many chemical compounds have been identified and used to improve the function of beta cells, each of which participates in various stages, including increased transcription and growth factors, proliferation, differentiation of other cells into beta cells, and neogenesis. In this paper, we comprehensively review these strategies and then discuss the various factors involved in regulating the regeneration of Β cells in physiological or pathological conditions such as mediators, transcription factors, and signaling pathways. We will discuss potential medications and possible solutions to improve Β cell regeneration.","PeriodicalId":90448,"journal":{"name":"Austin journal of pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43681761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pharmacogenomics of Insulin Secretagogues in Pharmacodynamics, Pharmacokinetics and Adverse Reactions 胰岛素分泌因子在药效学、药代动力学和不良反应中的药物基因组学

Austin journal of pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2021-09-22 DOI: 10.26420/austinjpharmacolther.2021.1152

Yu-Jie Li, Zuowei Li, Wanjin Hong, Liangcheng Li

引用次数: 0

Aristolochia longa (Aristolochiaceae) Spice Alleviates Nickel-Induced Oxidative Stress and Biochemical Alterations in Rats 马兜铃（马兜铃科）香料减轻镍诱导的大鼠氧化应激和生化变化

Austin journal of pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2021-09-10 DOI: 10.26420/austinjpharmacolther.2021.1151

Ibtissam L, Samir D, Wiam Z

{"title":"Aristolochia longa (Aristolochiaceae) Spice Alleviates Nickel-Induced Oxidative Stress and Biochemical Alterations in Rats","authors":"Ibtissam L, Samir D, Wiam Z","doi":"10.26420/austinjpharmacolther.2021.1151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/austinjpharmacolther.2021.1151","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this work is to study the protective effect of Aristolochia longa against the variation of biochemical parameters and oxidative stress in rats exposed sub acutely to nickel. This is an experimental study carried out in the laboratory on 15 female Wistar rats divided into three groups (n=5), the first group of which serves as a control, the second group is contaminated with nickel, the third group is contaminated with nickel and treated with A. longa. Biochemical and oxidative stress parameters were analyzed on the rats of the various. The aqueous extract of A. longa included a variety of bioactive components, including polyphenols, saponins, terpenoids, glycosides, and flavonoids, according to phytochemical screening results, and nickel treatment resulted in a considerable increase in serum Urea, Uric acid, creatinine and GOT, GPT activities. The results obtained also reveal a bioaccumulation of Ni and an oxidative stress in group contaminated with nickel, with an increase in the level of hepatic Ni and a significant augmentation in the Kidney MDA and decrease in the level of GSH and the activity of tissue SOD. Treatment with A. longa improves biochemical parameters and reduces tissue nickel levels, with protection of organs against oxidative radical attacks induced by nickel. In conclusion, this study shows that treatment with A. longa induces a beneficial effect against the toxicity of nickel at the molecular and tissue level.","PeriodicalId":90448,"journal":{"name":"Austin journal of pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43813236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Theranostic Applications of Magnetic Nanoparticles in Breast Cancer 磁性纳米粒子在乳腺癌症治疗中的应用

Austin journal of pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2021-08-27 DOI: 10.26420/austinjpharmacolther.2021.1150

Khan Mfa, MD Ahammad F, Khan Nh, A. N

引用次数: 0

Drugs Shown to Inhibit SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 Disease: Comparative Basic and Clinical Pharmacology of Molnupiravir and Ivermectin 显示在新冠肺炎疾病中抑制SARS-CoV-2的药物：Molnupiravir和Ivermectin的基础和临床药理学比较

Austin journal of pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2021-08-10 DOI: 10.26420/austinjpharmacolther.2021.1149

Ajayi Aal

引用次数: 3

Genome-Wide Comparative Analysis of BZR1 Transcription Factor in Zea mays 玉米BZR1转录因子的全基因组比较分析

Austin journal of pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 2021-08-03 DOI: 10.26420/austinjpharmacolther.2021.1148

Naureen Z, Maqsood H, Mazhar Mw, M. J., S. Sm

引用次数: 0