BJPsych Open最新文献_第3页

Diverging cognitive benefits from education between rural and urban middle-aged and older adults in the USA. 美国农村和城市中老年人从教育中获得的认知收益的差异。

IF 3.9 3区医学

BJPsych Open Pub Date : 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2025.45

Roger Wong, Amer Mansour

{"title":"Diverging cognitive benefits from education between rural and urban middle-aged and older adults in the USA.","authors":"Roger Wong, Amer Mansour","doi":"10.1192/bjo.2025.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2025.45","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is defined as self-reported increase in confusion or memory loss. There is limited research on the interplay between rural-urban residence and education on SCD.Aims: Examine rural-urban differences in SCD, and whether education moderates this relationship.Method: Respondents aged ≥45 years were queried about SCD in the 2022 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data, creating a sample size of 63 890. A logistic regression analysed the association between rural-urban residence and SCD, and moderation was tested by an interaction with education.Results: SCD was more common among rural (12.0%) compared with urban (10.7%) residents. Rural residence was associated with 9% significantly higher odds of SCD compared with urban residence after adjusting for sociodemographic and health covariates (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.09, P = 0.01). There was a negative relationship between education level and SCD, including the association of college degree with 15% lower odds of SCD compared with less than high school degree (aOR = 0.85, P < 0.01). Education was a significant moderator, with higher education associated with lower odds of SCD for urban, but not rural, residents.Conclusions: Rural setting and lower education were associated with higher odds of SCD, but higher education was protective for only urban residents. These results indicate that higher education may be a gateway for more opportunities and resources in urban settings, with cascading impacts on cognition. Future research should examine reasons for the diverging cognitive benefits from education depending on rural-urban residence.","PeriodicalId":9038,"journal":{"name":"BJPsych Open","volume":"11 3","pages":"e88"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12052571/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143953666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Psychopathology in Dutch women with terrorist behaviours: empirical case series study. 荷兰女性恐怖行为的精神病理学：实证案例系列研究。

IF 3.9 3区医学

BJPsych Open Pub Date : 2025-04-16 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2025.9

Sadaf Rakhshandehroo, Nils Duits, Lieke van Emmeriek, Elise Pullen, Robbert-Jan Verkes, Maaike Kempes

{"title":"Psychopathology in Dutch women with terrorist behaviours: empirical case series study.","authors":"Sadaf Rakhshandehroo, Nils Duits, Lieke van Emmeriek, Elise Pullen, Robbert-Jan Verkes, Maaike Kempes","doi":"10.1192/bjo.2025.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2025.9","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Current empirical understanding of the relationship between psychopathology and terrorist behaviours in women is limited, because most research focuses on male perpetrators and relies on secondary sources. Addressing this gap is crucial, particularly given previous research that highlights significant differences in mental health problems between women and men involved in non-terrorist violent activities.Aims: To empirically examine the presence of psychopathology in women exhibiting terrorist behaviours, as well as its potential role in these behaviours.Method: A case series study of 14 Dutch female convicts associated with the (so-called) Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS), examining the occurrence and types of mental disorders, psychopathological problems and pathological personality traits, and exploring their potential role in terrorist behaviours based on forensic mental health reports from psychiatrists and psychologists.Results: Half of the women (n = 7) exhibited mental disorders during terrorist activities, primarily personality disorders. Psychopathological problems included susceptibility to influence (71%, n = 10), identity problems (64%, n = 9), feelings of inferiority (57%, n = 8) and naivety (50%, n = 7). A significant link between terrorism and mental disorders, psychopathological problems or pathological personality traits was identified in almost half of the women (43%, n = 6).Conclusions: Psychopathology is present in some women involved in terrorist behaviours, influencing their involvement, but is absent or irrelevant in others. Identifying psychopathology in women with terrorist tendencies is essential for early prevention and should be a core competency for psychiatrists.","PeriodicalId":9038,"journal":{"name":"BJPsych Open","volume":"11 3","pages":"e87"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12052578/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143966489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Machine learning for prediction of childhood mental health problems in social care. 社会关怀中儿童心理健康问题的机器学习预测。

IF 3.9 3区医学

BJPsych Open Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2025.32

Ryan Crowley, Katherine Parkin, Emma Rocheteau, Efthalia Massou, Yasmin Friedmann, Ann John, Rachel Sippy, Pietro Liò, Anna Moore

{"title":"Machine learning for prediction of childhood mental health problems in social care.","authors":"Ryan Crowley, Katherine Parkin, Emma Rocheteau, Efthalia Massou, Yasmin Friedmann, Ann John, Rachel Sippy, Pietro Liò, Anna Moore","doi":"10.1192/bjo.2025.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2025.32","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Rates of childhood mental health problems are increasing in the UK. Early identification of childhood mental health problems is challenging but critical to children's future psychosocial development. This is particularly important for children with social care contact because earlier identification can facilitate earlier intervention. Clinical prediction tools could improve these early intervention efforts.Aims: Characterise a novel cohort consisting of children in social care and develop effective machine learning models for prediction of childhood mental health problems.Method: We used linked, de-identified data from the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage Databank to create a cohort of 26 820 children in Wales, UK, receiving social care services. Integrating health, social care and education data, we developed several machine learning models aimed at predicting childhood mental health problems. We assessed the performance, interpretability and fairness of these models.Results: Risk factors strongly associated with childhood mental health problems included age, substance misuse and being a looked after child. The best-performing model, a gradient boosting classifier, achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.75 (95% CI 0.73-0.78). Assessments of algorithmic fairness showed potential biases within these models.Conclusions: Machine learning performance on this prediction task was promising. Predictive performance in social care settings can be bolstered by linking diverse routinely collected data-sets, making available a range of heterogenous risk factors relating to clinical, social and environmental exposures.","PeriodicalId":9038,"journal":{"name":"BJPsych Open","volume":"11 3","pages":"e86"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12052593/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143972639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A systematic environmental intervention, nidotherapy, given to whole communities: protocol for a randomised stepped-wedge trial. 给予整个社区的系统环境干预，神经疗法：随机楔形试验方案。

IF 3.9 3区医学

BJPsych Open Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2024.861

Peter Tyrer, Mike Crawford, Abdullah Ahmad, Barbara Barrett, Woody Caan, Conor Duggan, Eleni Frisira, Tim Kendall, Jacob King, David Daley, Elizabeth Mullins, Richard Parish, Yangang Xing, Min Yang

{"title":"A systematic environmental intervention, nidotherapy, given to whole communities: protocol for a randomised stepped-wedge trial.","authors":"Peter Tyrer, Mike Crawford, Abdullah Ahmad, Barbara Barrett, Woody Caan, Conor Duggan, Eleni Frisira, Tim Kendall, Jacob King, David Daley, Elizabeth Mullins, Richard Parish, Yangang Xing, Min Yang","doi":"10.1192/bjo.2024.861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2024.861","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Environmental changes can be positive in mental illness. Systematic, planned and guided environmental change in all its aspects is called nidotherapy. It has shown some benefit but has not been extended to whole communities.Aims: A cluster-randomised step-wedge trial is planned in six village communities in Nottinghamshire, England, covering an adult population of 400.Method: Adults in six villages will be offered a full personal environmental assessment followed by agreed change in different 3-month periods over the course of 1 year. All six villages have populations between 51 and 100 residents and are similar demographically. Assessments of mental health, personality status, social function, quality of life and environment satisfaction will be made. After the initial baseline period of 3 months, two villages will be randomised to nidotherapy for 3 months, a further two at 6 months and the last two at 9 months.Results: The primary outcome will be change in social function; secondary outcomes include health-related quality of life, anxiety and depressive symptoms, personality status, costs of nidotherapy and life satisfaction. Adverse events will also be recorded. The analysis will be carried out using a multimodal statistical approach examining (a) the change in scores of the primary outcome (social function); (b) change in scores of all secondary outcomes, including costs; and (c) changes in environmental satisfaction.Conclusions: The findings of this study should help to determine whether nidotherapy has a place in the early detection and treatment of mental pathology.","PeriodicalId":9038,"journal":{"name":"BJPsych Open","volume":"11 3","pages":"e84"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12052597/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143965753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A mapping review of studies exploring the barriers and facilitators to a dementia diagnosis through an intersectionality lens. 通过交叉镜头探索痴呆症诊断的障碍和促进因素的研究综述。

IF 3.9 3区医学

BJPsych Open Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2025.17

Ben Hicks, Katherine Wheatley, Emma Porter, Nicolas Farina, Sube Banerjee

{"title":"A mapping review of studies exploring the barriers and facilitators to a dementia diagnosis through an intersectionality lens.","authors":"Ben Hicks, Katherine Wheatley, Emma Porter, Nicolas Farina, Sube Banerjee","doi":"10.1192/bjo.2025.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2025.17","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Promoting a 'timely' diagnosis is a global policy directive.Aims: This review adopts an intersectional approach, visually mapping the existing literature to highlight gaps in the evidence base on barriers and facilitators to dementia diagnosis.Method: A systematic approach was undertaken, following the PRISMA guidelines, updating previous reviews. The literature search was conducted on PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL Complete and Scopus. In line with mapping review methodology, we report the current state of the literature by describing the number of studies that outline barriers and facilitators to seeking help for a dementia diagnosis, split by social categorisation.Results: On the 7 June 2024, a total of 45 studies were identified. Our mapping demonstrated the majority of studies were derived from high-income countries and did not specify whether they were exploring barriers and facilitators through a specific social lens. Ethnicity was one of the few social categories where a range of evidence was reported. Other categories, such as socioeconomic status, gender and sexual orientation, received limited research attention.Conclusions: Our mapping review suggests the large body of work within this field tends to treat people with dementia and their carers as homogenous and androgenous groups. To better inform this key policy directive, studies are needed that explore the influence of social determinants on people's experiences of seeking a dementia diagnosis. Such work would create a richer, more nuanced evidence base that better elicits ways of addressing inequalities and inequities that arise at this key stage of people's dementia care journey.","PeriodicalId":9038,"journal":{"name":"BJPsych Open","volume":"11 3","pages":"e76"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12052574/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143968551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Epidemiological features of depression and anxiety among homeless adults with healthcare access problems in London, UK: descriptive cross-sectional analysis - RETRACTION. 抑郁和焦虑的流行病学特征无家可归的成年人与医疗保健问题在伦敦，英国：描述性横断面分析-撤回。

IF 3.9 3区医学

BJPsych Open Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2025.52

Sujit D Rathod, P J Annand, Paniz Hosseini, Andrew Guise, Lucy Platt

引用次数: 0

Latest findings challenge behavioural approaches to the management of antipsychotic-induced weight gain. 最新的研究结果挑战了行为方法来管理抗精神病药物引起的体重增加。

IF 3.9 3区医学

BJPsych Open Pub Date : 2025-04-10 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2025.34

Steve Kisely, Dan Siskind, Helene Speyer

引用次数: 0

Representation of women in scientific subjects: overview of systematic reviews investigating career progress in academic publishing with a focus on mental health - ERRATUM. 女性在科学学科中的代表性：以心理健康为重点的学术出版职业发展调查系统综述-勘误。

IF 3.9 3区医学

BJPsych Open Pub Date : 2025-04-07 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2025.54

Daniel Stahl, Ayse Kostem, Sanchita Garg, Emma Wilson-Lemoine, Til Wykes

引用次数: 0

Retrograde amnesia following electroconvulsive therapy for depression: propensity score analysis. 抑郁症电休克治疗后的逆行性遗忘：倾向评分分析。

IF 3.9 3区医学

BJPsych Open Pub Date : 2025-04-04 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2025.25

Ana Jelovac, Sabine Landau, Gabriele Gusciute, Martha Noone, Keeva Kavanagh, Mary Carton, Cathal McCaffrey, Kelly McDonagh, Eimear Doody, Declan M McLoughlin

{"title":"Retrograde amnesia following electroconvulsive therapy for depression: propensity score analysis.","authors":"Ana Jelovac, Sabine Landau, Gabriele Gusciute, Martha Noone, Keeva Kavanagh, Mary Carton, Cathal McCaffrey, Kelly McDonagh, Eimear Doody, Declan M McLoughlin","doi":"10.1192/bjo.2025.25","DOIUrl":"10.1192/bjo.2025.25","url":null,"abstract":"Retrograde amnesia for autobiographical memories is a commonly self-reported cognitive side-effect of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), but it is unclear to what extent objective performance differs between ECT-exposed and ECT-unexposed patients with depression. We investigated the association between exposure to brief-pulse (1.0 ms) bitemporal or high-dose right unilateral ECT and retrograde amnesia at short- and long-term follow-up, compared with inpatient controls with moderate-to-severe depression without lifetime exposure to ECT and receiving psychotropic pharmacotherapy and other aspects of routine inpatient care. In propensity score analyses, statistically significant reductions in autobiographical memory recall consistency were found in bitemporal and high-dose right unilateral ECT within days of an ECT course and 3 months following final ECT session. The reduction in autobiographical memory consistency was substantially more pronounced in bitemporal ECT. Retrograde amnesia for items recalled before ECT occurs with commonly utilised ECT techniques, and may be a persisting adverse cognitive effect of ECT.","PeriodicalId":9038,"journal":{"name":"BJPsych Open","volume":"11 3","pages":"e81"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12052575/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of vaping on physical and mental health in at-risk populations (VAPE): mixed-methods study of motivations for and perspectives on vaping in patients with opioid use disorder. 电子烟对高危人群（VAPE）身心健康的影响：阿片类药物使用障碍患者电子烟动机和观点的混合方法研究

IF 3.9 3区医学

BJPsych Open Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2025.6

Alessia D'Elia, Balpreet Panesar, Nitika Sanger, Laura O'Neill, Tea Rosic, Leonora Regenstreif, Kevin Park, Claire de Oliveira, David C Marsh, Luciano Minuzzi, Lehana Thabane, Zainab Samaan

{"title":"Effects of vaping on physical and mental health in at-risk populations (VAPE): mixed-methods study of motivations for and perspectives on vaping in patients with opioid use disorder.","authors":"Alessia D'Elia, Balpreet Panesar, Nitika Sanger, Laura O'Neill, Tea Rosic, Leonora Regenstreif, Kevin Park, Claire de Oliveira, David C Marsh, Luciano Minuzzi, Lehana Thabane, Zainab Samaan","doi":"10.1192/bjo.2025.6","DOIUrl":"10.1192/bjo.2025.6","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Vaping is increasing in popularity. Vape products are offered in a wide variety and promise to reduce harms associated with cigarette smoking, among other claims. The motivations for vaping in patients with substance use disorder are largely unknown.Aims: To describe perceptions and motivations regarding vaping among patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) who vape.Method: A convergent mixed-methods study design was used, and individual, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 41 individuals with OUD who were receiving medication for OUD and also vaped. An inductive data-driven approach was employed to characterise perspectives on vaping.Results: The mean ages at which participants had been introduced to vaping and initiated regular vaping were 33.95 years (s.d. 12.70) and 34.85 years (s.d. 12.38), respectively. Daily vaping (85%) of nicotine, flavoured nicotine or cannabis was common, with 27% reporting vaping both nicotine and cannabis. Qualitative analysis identified 14 themes describing motivations for vaping, including viewing vaping as a smoking cessation tool, convenience and popularity among youth.Conclusions: Mixed-methods findings indicated that patients with OUD who vape perceived vaping to be healthier, cleaner and more convenient than cigarette and cannabis smoking, without appreciating the health risks. The perspectives reflected the importance of health education, guidelines and screening tools for vaping and could provide direction for healthcare providers and future vaping cessation programmes.","PeriodicalId":9038,"journal":{"name":"BJPsych Open","volume":"11 3","pages":"e75"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12052573/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143762831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0