BJPsych Open最新文献

{"title":"Psychiatric diagnosis-medication concordance and hospital stay outcomes in acute medical in-patients: evidence from a tertiary care centre in Pakistan.","authors":"Abdullah Umer, Nimarta Heman, Amir Aibani, Muneeba Amin, Ainan Arshad, Sher Muhammad Sethi","doi":"10.1192/bjo.2026.12110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2026.12110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Concurrent psychiatric care in medical in-patients is associated with adverse hospital stay outcomes, but data from low- and middle-income countries is limited.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>We aimed to investigate the association between psychiatric diagnosis-medication concordance and discharge disposition outcomes in acute medical in-patients.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This was a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of 16 868 adults presenting to the Department of Internal Medicine at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan (2018-2022) with specified acute care conditions. Patients were classified into four groups based on presence of a psychiatric diagnosis and/or psychiatric medication use: neither, medication without diagnosis, diagnosis without medication and both. Primary adverse outcomes were in-hospital mortality and leaving against medical advice. Multinomial logistic regression was used, adjusting for age, gender, Charlson Comorbidity Index score, medication burden and individual acute medical conditions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2527 (15.0%) patients had a documented psychiatric diagnosis; however, 6279 (37.2%) received at least one psychiatric medication. Referencing patients with neither exposure, those receiving psychiatric medications without a documented diagnosis had the highest adjusted odds of mortality (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.95, 95% CI 1.74-2.19, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and higher odds of leaving against medical advice (aOR 1.21, 95% CI 1.06-1.39, <i>p</i> = 0.006). Patients with a documented diagnosis but no psychiatric medications had higher odds of leaving against medical advice (aOR 1.28, 95% CI 1.04-1.57, <i>p</i> = 0.022) without a significant increase in mortality (aOR 1.21, 95% CI 0.98-1.49, <i>p</i> = 0.076). Patients with both a diagnosis and psychiatric medication usage showed no significant change in either outcome.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Diagnosis-treatment concordance may be associated with in-patient prognosis in acute care conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9038,"journal":{"name":"BJPsych Open","volume":"12 5","pages":"e250"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149069066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving access to mental health support for young people: development and evaluation of the Afloat mobile app.","authors":"Sara Evans-Lacko, Annette Bauer, Komal Chadha, Eva Cyhlarova, Kristin R Laurens, Pedro Mateus, Wagner Silva-Ribeiro, Ben Schlaepfer, Madeleine Stevens","doi":"10.1192/bjo.2026.12098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2026.12098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mental health problems have long-lasting impacts and often begin in adolescence, yet young people face multiple barriers to accessing care and support, including a fragmented system, limited awareness of services and stigma. Afloat was developed to guide users to suitable support.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to (a) co-develop a mobile app to support young people's access to mental healthcare and support; and (b) evaluate its acceptability, potential impact on service use, mental health outcomes and economic implications.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Afloat was co-developed with young people to provide information on available support, and included personal stories from peers and links to care resources. A pilot evaluation involved 105 participants aged 16-25 years from London, UK. Participants completed surveys at baseline and 3 months to assess changes in mental health, service use, stigma and self-identification of mental health issues. App usage was monitored through analytics. A budget-impact analysis estimated financial implications of Afloat implementation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants reported high acceptability and satisfaction. After 3 months, there was an increase in the likelihood of help-seeking and a reduction in mental health symptoms. The increase in actual service use was significant only among those with mild-to-moderate symptoms. Budget-impact analysis indicated potentially increased costs from additional service use.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Afloat shows preliminary promise as a tool associated with increased help-seeking and improved mental health. Long-term benefits of timely intervention may offset short-term costs from increased service use, although this requires formal evaluation. Further research is required to assess long-term outcomes and economic implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":9038,"journal":{"name":"BJPsych Open","volume":"12 5","pages":"e247"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149069272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extracurricular psychiatry enrichment programmes for undergraduate medical students: systematic review.","authors":"Sharna Bennett, Tiago Gameiro-Inacio, Joanne Rodda","doi":"10.1192/bjo.2026.12089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2026.12089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Psychiatry is a rewarding career, but many medical students have limited exposure to the specialty. Extracurricular enrichment programmes aim to provide early exposure to psychiatry, promote positive attitudes and encourage early career interest.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To systematically review literature on extracurricular psychiatry enrichment programmes for undergraduate medical students.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD420251025990) and followed PRISMA guidelines. Four databases were searched using pre-determined search strings. Records were screened and data extracted independently by two authors. Quality was appraised using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. A narrative synthesis summarised and consolidated findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 731 articles screened, 65 full reports were assessed for eligibility and 27 were included. These studies were conducted across 10 countries, most commonly the USA and UK. Programme duration and format varied from single-day events (<i>n</i> = 2) to longitudinal mentoring schemes spanning medical school (<i>n</i> = 5). Summer schools were most common (<i>n</i> = 10). Other schemes included mentoring, elective courses, special study modules, student-led clinics and film/media-based activities. Student feedback was positive, particularly for mentoring and film/media initiatives. Most studies reported improved attitudes towards psychiatry and mental illness, with several reporting statistically significant improvements using validated tools. Of 18 studies assessing career intentions, 16 reported increased interest in a career in psychiatry, and six studies reported higher subsequent match rates into psychiatry specialty training.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The available literature on voluntary extracurricular enrichment programmes suggests that they may provide positive student experiences and are associated with improved attitudes and early interest in psychiatry through meaningful learning opportunities. However, the evidence base is limited as most studies were small, self-selected samples with short-term follow-up and predominantly self-reported outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9038,"journal":{"name":"BJPsych Open","volume":"12 5","pages":"e248"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149069295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methodological transitions in mental health research driven by machine learning.","authors":"Haojie Fu, Xudong Zhao, Fazhan Chen","doi":"10.1192/bjo.2026.12101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2026.12101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Machine learning is increasingly reshaping psychological and mental health research by complementing traditional theory-driven approaches with data-driven predictive modelling. This encompasses three key transitions: from hypothesis-testing to pattern discovery; from controlled experimental settings to naturalistic and multidimensional data ecosystems; and from explanatory theoretical models to prediction-informed theory-building and clinical translation. Nevertheless, this methodological reorientation remains insufficiently synthesised. Our aim is to examine how machine learning is reshaping psychological research methodologies, focusing on its ability to process and analyse multidimensional data, its capacity to model complex associations and temporal patterns and its integration into clinical practice. We critically examine both the opportunities and boundaries of integrating predictive models with theoretical insights. We further clarify that predictive accuracy, interpretability and causal explanation are related but distinct aims, and that machine learning should complement rather than replace psychological theory, causal reasoning and clinical judgement.</p>","PeriodicalId":9038,"journal":{"name":"BJPsych Open","volume":"12 5","pages":"e246"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149011921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revised long version (KEZ-R) and short form (KEZ-S) of the Cologne Questionnaire on Attitudes towards Coercive Measures in in-patient mental healthcare.","authors":"Mario Schmitz-Buhl, Immanuel Baar, Euphrosyne Gouzoulis-Mayfrank","doi":"10.1192/bjo.2026.12106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2026.12106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Attitudes of mental health professionals towards coercive measures are crucial with respect to both the application of these methods and efforts to reduce coercion in psychiatric care. Existing instruments primarily assess cognitive aspects, often neglecting emotional and contextual dimensions. The Cologne Questionnaire on Attitudes towards Coercive Measures (KEZ) addresses these gaps but has so far only been available in German and in a relatively long format.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To revise the KEZ for international use and develop and validate a short version suitable for both research and clinical practice. The revised version was intended to ensure a balanced representation of different coercive measures.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A revised long version (KEZ-R) was developed and administered via an anonymous online survey to 611 mental health professionals from Germany and German-speaking Switzerland. Psychometric properties of the German version were analysed using factor and reliability analyses. A short form (KEZ-S) was derived on the basis of theoretical and content-related criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 40-item KEZ-R replicated the original three-factor structure of the KEZ and showed good reliability (Cronbach's <i>α</i> = 0.87). The 15-item KEZ-S demonstrated strong correlation with the long version and acceptable overall reliability (<i>α</i> = 0.67). Both versions captured cognitive, emotional and interactional aspects of attitudes towards coercive measures.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The KEZ-R and KEZ-S are reliable instruments for assessment of attitudes towards coercive measures in psychiatric settings. Although validation was conducted in German, the availability of an English translation supports international use and future validation studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9038,"journal":{"name":"BJPsych Open","volume":"12 5","pages":"e243"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148988050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex differences in the relationship between whole-body and region-specific fat mass indices and anxiety symptoms in South Korean adults.","authors":"Seong-Uk Baek, Jin-Ha Yoon","doi":"10.1192/bjo.2026.12063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2026.12063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although a relationship between body fat and mental health problems has been established, sex-based differences in this association remain insufficiently understood.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To investigate the association of whole-body and regional fat mass indices with anxiety symptoms in men and women.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A nationwide sample of 3856 men and 5010 women was analysed. Fat mass of the whole body, trunk, arm and leg was measured using a bioelectrical impedance analyser, and fat mass indices (kg/m²) were derived by dividing fat mass by height squared. Symptoms of anxiety were determined using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7. Logistic regressions were used to investigate the association of each fat mass index with anxiety symptoms. Sex-stratified analyses were conducted to assess sex-related differences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of anxiety symptoms was 3.3% among men and 5.5% among women. Among female participants, a one-standard deviation increase in whole-body, trunk, arm or leg fat mass index was associated with 1.20-fold (95% CI: 1.04-1.39), 1.21-fold (95% CI: 1.04-1.41), 1.19-fold (95% CI: 1.04-1.35) and 1.19-fold (95% CI: 1.03-1.38) increases in odds of anxiety symptoms, respectively. By contrast, no clear association was observed between fat mass indices and anxiety symptoms in men.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our analysis demonstrated sex differences in the relationship between body fat and anxiety, with high whole-body and regional fat mass indices positively associated with anxiety symptoms in women.</p>","PeriodicalId":9038,"journal":{"name":"BJPsych Open","volume":"12 5","pages":"e245"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148987978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The potential of nature exposure to reduce agitation: lessons from a naturalistic observational study in a stage-adaptive, dementia-friendly therapy garden.","authors":"Max Wittlinger, Sandra Jevtic, Sonia Teimann, Norbert Scherbaum, Jens Wiltfang, Jens Benninghoff","doi":"10.1192/bjo.2026.12093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2026.12093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), particularly agitation, are common among people living with dementia, negatively affecting their psychological well-being and quality of life. Non-pharmacological interventions such as therapeutic gardens may offer a holistic approach to managing these symptoms.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to investigate whether participation in a multimodal, dementia-specific therapeutic garden intervention could reduce BPSD, with a particular focus on agitation, and improve psychological well-being among people with dementia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A naturalistic observational study was conducted with 24 residents of a dementia-friendly garden. Participants engaged in tailored, nature-based therapy over 6 months. The intervention was adapted to individual cognitive and physical abilities and included motor, sensory and social activities within the participants' familiar living environment. Standardised assessments of BPSD and psychological well-being were administered, including evaluations reported by relatives.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The intervention was associated with a significant reduction in agitation, as measured by the non-cognitive subscales of the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Furthermore, reduced agitation was linked to improved psychological well-being among participants.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings suggest that multimodal therapeutic gardens can serve as an effective non-pharmacological intervention in reducing agitation and supporting psychological well-being in people with dementia. This study adds to the growing evidence that therapeutic gardens could contribute to the functional and emotional health of individuals living with dementia.</p>","PeriodicalId":9038,"journal":{"name":"BJPsych Open","volume":"12 5","pages":"e242"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148987987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suicide-related outcomes in the Early Psychosis Intervention Network (EPINET) in the USA.","authors":"Sümeyra N Tayfur, Zhiqian Song, Fangyong Li, Iruma Bello, Melanie E Bennett, Monica E Calkins, John A Cosgrove, Lisa Dixon, John Hsu, John M Kane, Molly A Lopez, Piper Meyer-Kalos, Tara A Niendam, Dost Öngür, Delbert Robinson, Alejandro Szmulewicz, Sophia Vinogradov, Jenifer L Vohs, Alan Breier, Vinod H Srihari","doi":"10.1192/bjo.2026.12103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2026.12103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Suicidal ideation and attempts are common in first-episode psychosis (FEP), but less is known about how these outcomes change in large, community-based, coordinated specialty care (CSC) settings. This longitudinal cohort study examined 2951 individuals with FEP enrolled in 87 CSC clinics across 15 states in the Early Psychosis Intervention Network between 2019 and 2024. Suicide-related outcomes were assessed at admission and every 6 months for up to 2 years. At admission, 34% reported suicidal ideation and 7% reported a suicide attempt in the previous 6 months. By 24 months, the odds of ideation and attempts had declined substantially. Younger age, female sex, White race, non-Hispanic ethnicity and longer duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) were associated with higher odds of ideation, with younger age, longer DUP and prior psychiatric hospitalisation being associated with higher odds of attempt. Six participants (0.2%) died by suicide. The findings support early detection and ongoing suicide risk monitoring during CSC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9038,"journal":{"name":"BJPsych Open","volume":"12 5","pages":"e244"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148988047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patterns of use of mental health crisis-related services in the English NHS: retrospective observational study.","authors":"Maria Ana Matias, Jessica L Griffiths, Alan Simpson, Anam Bhutta, Andrew Grundy, Beverley Chipp, Jo Lomani, Jude Beng, Julian Edbrooke-Childs, Kylee Trevillion, Mark Holden, Martin Webber, Patrick Nyikavaranda, Rachel Rowan Olive, David Osborn, Rowena Jacobs, Sonia Johnson, Brynmor Lloyd-Evans","doi":"10.1192/bjo.2026.12094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2026.12094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Improving access to community-based crisis care and reducing in-patient admissions are key policy objectives in England, yet evidence on who uses crisis-related services remains limited.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To examine sociodemographic patterns in the use of six crisis-related services in England: crisis phonelines; crisis cafés; Crisis Resolution and Home Treatment teams (CRHTs); voluntary in-patient admissions; compulsory in-patient admissions under the Mental Health Act 1983 (MHA); and conveyance to a Place of Safety (PoS) by police under section 136 of the MHA.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This retrospective observational study used the Mental Health Services Data Set (2021/2022-2023/2024). Adults (18+ years) using any of the six services were included. A multinomial logit regression model estimated average marginal effects for age, gender, ethnicity and area-level deprivation, with robust patient-level standard errors and year fixed effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among crisis-related patients, adjusted analysis showed that several ethnic minority groups were more likely than White individuals to be compulsorily detained or brought to a PoS, and less likely to use CRHTs, with the largest disparities in compulsory admissions for Black (+15.0 percentage points) and Asian (+7.3 percentage points) groups. Compulsory admissions were more common among older adults and men (+1.5 percentage points). Crisis phonelines were used less by older adults, men (-4.8 percentage points), Black (-15.6 percentage points) and Asian (-4.7 percentage points) groups. Although adjusted differences by deprivation were small (<1.0 percentage points), over half of users lived in the 2 most deprived quintiles.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Groups at greater risk of coercive care were less likely to access community crisis services. Addressing these disparities could reduce inequalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":9038,"journal":{"name":"BJPsych Open","volume":"12 5","pages":"e239"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148975685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probable post-traumatic stress disorder following discharge from hospital with COVID-19: prospective cohort study.","authors":"Evrim Anik, Cherie Armour, Else Guthrie, James D Chalmers, Ling-Pei Ho, Alex Horsley, Michael Marks, Betty Raman, Olivia C Leavy, Matthew Richardson, Omer Elneima, Hamish J C McAuley, Amisha Singapuri, Marco Sereno, Ruth M Saunders, Victoria C Harris, Linzy Houchen-Wolloff, Neil J Greening, Ewen M Harrison, Annemarie B Docherty, Nazir I Lone, Jennifer K Quint, Louise V Wain, Rachael A Evans, Christopher E Brightling, Robert M West, Max Henderson","doi":"10.1192/bjo.2026.12081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2026.12081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The psychological consequences of hospital admission for COVID-19, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), are under-researched.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To describe the prevalence of, and risk factors for, psychological trauma symptoms in COVID-19 patients discharged from hospital.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We used data from the Post-Hospitalisation COVID-19 (PHOSP-COVID) study of adults discharged from UK hospitals after COVID-19. Psychological trauma was assessed using the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) 5 and 12 months after discharge. We used log binomial regression to identify risk factors for probable PTSD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We describe 1565 study participants discharged from hospital between February 2020 and March 2021 following an admission for COVID-19. Most were male (61.3%), White (77.4%) and from more deprived areas (62%). Of these, 15% had probable PTSD (PCL-5 ≥34) at 5 months which was associated with being 18 to 50 years old (risk ratio: 3.0 (2.1- 4.3), <i>p</i> < 0.001), lower income (e.g. <£19,001, risk ratio 2.1, 95% CI: 1.5 - 2.8, <i>p</i> < 0.001), longer admission and a history of depression or anxiety. Out of 236, 136 (57.6%) with probable PTSD at 5 months still had probable PTSD at 12 months. Persistence was associated with intensive care unit (ICU) admission (risk ratio 1.3, 95% CI 1.1-1.6, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and higher anxiety and PCL-5 scores at 5 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Probable PTSD was common 5 months after admission for COVID-19 and was associated with lower socioeconomic status, longer admission and previous depression or anxiety. Over half remained symptomatic at 12 months, associated with ICU admission and higher 5-month PCL-5 scores.</p>","PeriodicalId":9038,"journal":{"name":"BJPsych Open","volume":"12 5","pages":"e240"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148975727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}