BJPsych Open最新文献

{"title":"A micro-sociological approach to prolonged grief disorder: identification and measurement of simpatico, a novel interpersonal risk factor.","authors":"Gizem Cesur-Soysal, Madeleine M Hardt, Kirsten V Smith, Paul K Maciejewski, Holly Gwen Prigerson","doi":"10.1192/bjo.2026.11028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2026.11028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prolonged grief disorder (PGD) is characterised by persistent yearning and intense emotional pain, and is often accompanied by identity disruption and social withdrawal. Research has identified various PGD risk factors; however, limited research has examined how relationship to the deceased relates to PGD risk.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study introduces 'simpatico', a novel construct assessing a mourner's perceived similarity and connection to the deceased as a risk factor for PGD. Grounded in the micro-sociological theory of bereavement, the study hypothesises that simpatico relationships heighten PGD risk because of the particular social deprivations their absence creates.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted in Turkey via online surveys with 400 bereaved. Data were analysed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, as well as correlation- and regression-based analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A nine-item Simpatico Scale was validated within a Turkish bereaved adult sample (<i>N</i> = 400), demonstrating good internal consistency (Cronbach's <i>α</i> = 0.90). Regression analyses revealed that elevated simpatico scores, particularly felt similarities with the deceased, were significantly associated with PGD symptom severity (<i>β</i> = 0.31, <i>p</i> < 0.001), even when controlling for demographic, cause of death, relationship to deceased and social support variables.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results identify simpatico as a new, particularly influential, interpersonal risk factor for PGD. Further, according to the micro-sociological theory, results suggest that promotion of simpatico relationships among bereaved persons may compensate for the social deprivations resulting from simpatico relationship losses. In these ways, this study identifies mourners at risk and suggests promising ways to intervene to reduce mourners' risk of PGD.</p>","PeriodicalId":9038,"journal":{"name":"BJPsych Open","volume":"12 3","pages":"e115"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13122337/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147761722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suicide in sculpture: qualitative thematic analysis and psychiatric perspective.","authors":"Hanife Neris Yüksel, Deniz Doruk Çamsarı, Taner Çamsarı, Ulaş Mehmet Çamsarı","doi":"10.1192/bjo.2026.11029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2026.11029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although clinically framed as a public health concern, the meanings of suicide are fundamentally shaped by cultural narratives and visual representations.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To examine the evolution of sculptural representations of suicide from antiquity to the present, and to interpret these works through psychiatric and sociological lenses relevant to contemporary clinical and public health discourse.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A structured search across PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science (up to August 2025) was integrated with museum archives and art-historical catalogues. Selected sculptural works were analysed as interpretive case studies using iconographic, semiotic and contextual approaches. Interpretation focused on affective and relational processes such as psychological pain (psychache), shame, entrapment and social disconnection prioritising cultural formulation over retrospective diagnostic attribution in historical cases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sculptural representations frame suicide through shifting moral and social logics: from honour-bound self-death in antiquity and virtue-coded narratives in the early-modern period to interiority and estrangement in modernity. Contemporary public installations shift this focus towards visibility, urban space and prevention. These works externalise private suffering and structural conditions (e.g. isolation, stigma), actively shaping collective imaginaries of self-destruction.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Sculpture provides a unique medium for the translation of individual suffering and the collective meanings of suicide into public form. An interdisciplinary reading of these works supports culturally informed clinical reflection and contributes to ethically attentive public communication and prevention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9038,"journal":{"name":"BJPsych Open","volume":"12 3","pages":"e116"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13122334/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147761691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and determinants of anxiety in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.","authors":"Edoardo Nicolò Aiello, Giulia De Luca, Beatrice Curti, Silvia Torre, Claudia Gendarini, Alessandro Cocuzza, Eleonora Colombo, Angelica De Sandi, Denise Mellace, Roberta Ferrucci, Sergio Barbieri, Alessio Maranzano, Federico Verde, Stefano Messina, Alberto Doretti, Claudia Morelli, Vincenzo Silani, Nicola Ticozzi, Barbara Poletti","doi":"10.1192/bjo.2026.11025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2026.11025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Clinically relevant anxiety can be detected in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), but its prevalence and determinants have not yet been fully assessed.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed at assessing the prevalence and clinical underpinnings of anxiety in ALS.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Non-demented ALS patients (<i>N</i> = 433) and healthy controls (<i>N</i> = 313) were administered the State- and Trait-Anxiety Inventory - Form Y (STAI-Y1 for state-anxiety and STAI-Y2 for trait-anxiety) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Patients were further assessed for cognition (Edinburgh Cognitive and Behavioural ALS Screen), behaviour (Frontal Behavioural Inventory) and motor status (disease duration, ALS Functional Rating Scale-Revised and progression rate). The prevalence of clinically significant state- and trait-anxiety were estimated by applying age-stratified cut-offs to STAI-Y1/-Y2 <i>t</i>-scores. Linear and logistic regressions were run to test the determinants of STAI-Y1/-Y2 scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>STAI-Y1 and -Y2 scores above cut-off were detected in 18.2 and 13.9% of patients, respectively - with proportions being higher in cases versus controls (<i>p</i>s < 0.001). BDI, but neither cognitive/behavioural nor motor variables, was identified as a significant predictor of STAI-Y1/-Y2 scores (<i>p</i>s < 0.003). The cognitive-affective subscale of BDI was the sole predictor of scores above cut-off on both STAI-Y1 and STAI-Y2 (<i>p</i>s < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Clinically significant levels of state- and trait-anxiety occur in ∼18 and ∼14% of non-demented ALS patients, respectively, mostly driven by cognitive and affective facets of depression, and are independent of motor and cognitive/behavioural features.</p>","PeriodicalId":9038,"journal":{"name":"BJPsych Open","volume":"12 3","pages":"e114"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13122346/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147761659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why followership matters in psychiatry: rebalancing our obsession with leadership.","authors":"Richard A Laugharne, Regi T Alexander, Kenneth R Kaufman, Derek K Tracy, Fabida Aria, Mayura Deshpande, Matthew Frost, Rohit Shankar","doi":"10.1192/bjo.2026.11037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2026.11037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psychiatry emphasises leadership development, but neglects the equally universal and essential role of followership. Although most clinicians spend more time as followers than leaders, literature overwhelmingly favours leadership. Drawing on healthcare, socio-religious traditions and management science, the authors reframe followership as an active, values-driven role grounded in trust, motivation and moral courage rather than passive compliance. This editorial argues that effective followership is active, ethical and courageous. Nurturing good followers in mental health services is essential for good patient care, organisational integrity and sustainable leadership. Cultivating active followership strengthens safeguarding, transparency and organisational legitimacy. The editorial calls for psychiatry and mental health services to explicitly teach and value followership alongside leadership, promoting shared vision, psychological safety and accountable decision-making to improve patient care and professional culture.</p>","PeriodicalId":9038,"journal":{"name":"BJPsych Open","volume":"12 3","pages":"e118"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13122336/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147761702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ketamine addiction following a single sub-anaesthetic ketamine treatment for acute suicidality in a psychiatrically multimorbid patient: case report.","authors":"Gijsbrecht H J Roelandt, Jurriaan F M Strous, Jeanine Kamphuis, Robert A Schoevers, Radboud M Marijnissen","doi":"10.1192/bjo.2026.11012","DOIUrl":"10.1192/bjo.2026.11012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This case report presents the case of a 25-year-old woman who developed ketamine addiction following a single sub-anaesthetic dose of intranasal ketamine in a pilot study investigating intranasal racemic ketamine for acute suicidality. She had a history of depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, autism spectrum disorder and anorexia nervosa, and she had sporadically used alcohol and cannabis. Following the intervention, she reported a transient reduction in suicidal ideation but later sought illicit ketamine to recreate its calming effects on intrusive thoughts. Subsequently she also started abusing cocaine and 3-methylmethcathinone (3-MMC). Within weeks she had escalated to daily use, which led to financial distress, housing instability and a suicide attempt when access was cut off. Although she initially ceased use, she later relapsed into ketamine and cocaine addiction. This case highlights the addictive risk of ketamine, even in controlled settings. Given ketamine's rising use in psychiatric treatment, careful screening, monitoring and awareness of addiction potential are essential. Future research should evaluate patient-specific risk factors and dosing strategies to minimise abuse liability.</p>","PeriodicalId":9038,"journal":{"name":"BJPsych Open","volume":"12 3","pages":"e110"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13107301/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147728297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact paradox: mixed-methods evaluation of National Institute of Health and Care Research funding for intellectual disability research in the UK.","authors":"Nathan Goddard, Madeleine Dale, Ruth Bishop, Samuel Tromans, Nathan Johnson, Maxine Hough, Sarah Lennard, Richard A Laugharne, Rohit Shankar","doi":"10.1192/bjo.2026.11023","DOIUrl":"10.1192/bjo.2026.11023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>People with intellectual disability experience substantial health inequities, including higher multimorbidity, increased healthcare utilisation and markedly reduced life expectancy. High-quality research is essential to address these disparities. The National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) funded Research Delivery Network provides the infrastructure/expertise/support needed to deliver NIHR-funded studies, and supports studies funded by a non-commercial/industry partner. However, the effectiveness of NIHR-funded studies versus those supported in driving impactful intellectual disability research remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To evaluate and compare the outcomes of NIHR-funded and supported intellectual disability research.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>All NIHR studies (funded/supported) relating to intellectual disability (2010-2020) were identified through systematic register searches. Primary outcomes included publication rates and impact on local, national and international clinical guidelines. Data collection was supplemented with a questionnaire to chief investigators and literature searches. Quantitative analyses examined associations between funding status, study design, publication and guideline impact, whereas qualitative responses explored implementation challenges.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 88 projects were identified, and 42% (37/88) were NIHR-funded. Overall, 81% of studies generated at least one publication and 28% informed clinical guidelines. NIHR funding was not significantly associated with publication or guideline impact. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were significantly more likely to be published and more likely to influence non-UK national and international guidelines than non-RCTs. The amount of funding showed no association with impact. Qualitative findings highlighted funding constraints, staff capacity and stakeholder engagement as key determinants of implementation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NIHR-funded intellectual disability research was no more likely than NIHR-supported studies to result in publications or guideline impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":9038,"journal":{"name":"BJPsych Open","volume":"12 3","pages":"e111"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13107329/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147728356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family burden and happiness in mothers of children with intellectual and developmental disabilities: role of support and quality of life.","authors":"Adile Emel Sardohan Yildirim, Özlem Altindağ Kumaş, Halime Miray Sümer Dodur, Metin Aris, Şenay Delimehmet Dada","doi":"10.1192/bjo.2026.11035","DOIUrl":"10.1192/bjo.2026.11035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study investigates the relationships between family burden, perceived social support, quality of life and happiness among mothers of individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs).</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to examine the relationship between family burden and maternal happiness, and to investigate the serial mediating roles of perceived social support and family quality of life in mothers of children with IDDs.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study sample comprised 250 mothers of children with IDDs. Data were collected using validated instruments: The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, a family burden scale, the Beach Center Family Quality of Life Scale and the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire Short Form. Descriptive statistics, correlation analyses and structural equation modelling were conducted with software SPSS 26.0 and JASP 0.16.4.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Perceived social support and family quality of life were positively associated with happiness and negatively associated with caregiving burden; structural equation modelling indicated that their sequential mediation fully explained the link between family burden and happiness.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings underscore the critical role of social support and family quality of life in mitigating the negative impact of caregiving burden on maternal happiness.</p>","PeriodicalId":9038,"journal":{"name":"BJPsych Open","volume":"12 3","pages":"e113"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13107335/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147728284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trauma, beauty and the divided self: what Dostoevsky offers contemporary psychiatry.","authors":"Hala Kerbage, Philippe Courtet","doi":"10.1192/bjo.2026.11026","DOIUrl":"10.1192/bjo.2026.11026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This commentary reflects on what Dostoevsky's work offers contemporary psychiatry, showing how his portrayals of fractured selves, dissociation, shame and the ambivalent force of beauty deepen our understanding of trauma's lived experience and highlight the psychological complexities that clinical language cannot always capture.</p>","PeriodicalId":9038,"journal":{"name":"BJPsych Open","volume":"12 3","pages":"e112"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13107303/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147728332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood ADHD and autism spectrum disorder difficulties: exploring the impact of copy number variants on young adult outcomes.","authors":"Charlotte A Dennison, Mia Flanagan, Amy Shakeshaft, Kate Tilling, Lucy Riglin, Anita Thapar","doi":"10.1192/bjo.2026.11018","DOIUrl":"10.1192/bjo.2026.11018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rare copy number variants (CNVs; deleted/duplicated DNA segments) are associated with childhood attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It is unknown whether carrying a CNV moderates the effect of ADHD/ASD on adult outcomes. In a UK population-based cohort, the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, ADHD and ASD difficulties at ages 7-16 years were defined categorically. Outcomes included: General Certificate of Secondary Education non-attainment; depression at ages 18 and 24; functioning at age 25; not in education, employment or training; and receiving state benefits at age 25. Logistic regressions were used to assess associations between ADHD/ASD and outcomes, and to test CNVs as moderators. Multiple imputation was used to account for data missingness. We did not find strong evidence of CNVs moderating the effect of ADHD or ASD on young adult outcomes. However, confidence intervals for the moderating effect were wide, so further research in larger clinical samples is necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":9038,"journal":{"name":"BJPsych Open","volume":"12 3","pages":"e108"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13107328/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147687941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with reporting behaviour of alcohol use in Moshi, Tanzania.","authors":"Joao Ricardo Nickenig Vissoci, Natan Nascimento de Oliveira, Winfrida C Mwita, Msafiri Pesambili, Kim Madundo, Brandon A Knettel, Deena El-Gabri, Blandina Theophil Mmbaga, Catherine A Staton","doi":"10.1192/bjo.2026.11010","DOIUrl":"10.1192/bjo.2026.11010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is one of the most common mental health disorders globally. The diagnosis of AUD typically relies on self-reporting measures for identification, and requires that patients disclose their alcohol use to a provider.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To explore the factors associated with the disclosure of alcohol use to a healthcare practitioner among injury patients, considering stigma and alcohol-related consequences of disclosure as major factors.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In this cross-sectional study conducted in Moshi, Tanzania, we investigated factors influencing alcohol use disclosure among injury patients. Path analysis modelling explored the relationships among Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) scores, perceived alcohol stigma, Drinker Inventory of Consequences results and disclosure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 341 injury patients, 246 reported current or past-year alcohol use, with only 10.6% having previously disclosed alcohol use to a healthcare provider. Participants who disclosed had higher median drinks per day, elevated AUDIT scores and had experienced more alcohol-related consequences. Other factors associated with disclosure included a positive alcohol test on arrival, higher drinks per day, self-report of alcohol interfering with one's life, problems with peers, and engagement in risk behaviours. Alcohol stigma was not associated with disclosure. The relationship between disclosure and alcohol use was mediated by alcohol-related consequences.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>People who drank more and had more alcohol-related consequences were more likely to disclose their drinking to a provider. Further research is needed to understand the factors limiting disclosure.</p>","PeriodicalId":9038,"journal":{"name":"BJPsych Open","volume":"12 3","pages":"e109"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13106996/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147687950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}