Regeneration (Oxford, England)最新文献_第6页

Tissue specific reactions to positional discontinuities in the regenerating axolotl limb. 腋龙肢体再生时对位置不连续性的特定组织反应。

Regeneration (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2015-06-01 Epub Date: 2015-06-16 DOI: 10.1002/reg2.35

Malcolm Maden, Daima Avila, Molly Roy, Ashley W Seifert

{"title":"Tissue specific reactions to positional discontinuities in the regenerating axolotl limb.","authors":"Malcolm Maden, Daima Avila, Molly Roy, Ashley W Seifert","doi":"10.1002/reg2.35","DOIUrl":"10.1002/reg2.35","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated cellular contributions to intercalary regenerates and 180° supernumerary limbs during axolotl limb regeneration using the cell autonomous GFP marker and exchanged blastemas between white and GFP animals. After distal blastemas were grafted to proximal levels tissues of the intercalary regenerate behaved independently with regard to the law of distal transformation; graft epidermis was replaced by stump epidermis, muscle-derived cells, blood vessels and Schwann cells of the distal blastema moved proximally to the stylopodium and cartilage and dermal cells conformed to the law. After 180° rotation, blastemas showed contributions from stump tissues which failed to alter patterning of the blastema. Supernumerary limbs were composed of stump and graft tissues and extensive contributions of stump tissues generated inversions or duplications of polarity to produce limbs of mixed handedness. Tail skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle broke the law with cells derived from these tissues exhibiting an apparent anteroposterior polarity as they migrated to the anterior side of the blastema. We attribute this behavior to the possible presence of a chemotactic factor from the wound epidermis.","PeriodicalId":90316,"journal":{"name":"Regeneration (Oxford, England)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4705862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"51269526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gene expression during the first 28 days of axolotl limb regeneration I: Experimental design and global analysis of gene expression. 蝾螈肢体再生前28天的基因表达I:实验设计和基因表达的整体分析。

Regeneration (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2015-06-01 Epub Date: 2015-06-19 DOI: 10.1002/reg2.37

S Randal Voss, Alex Palumbo, Radha Nagarajan, David M Gardiner, Ken Muneoka, Arnold J Stromberg, Antony T Athippozhy

{"title":"Gene expression during the first 28 days of axolotl limb regeneration I: Experimental design and global analysis of gene expression.","authors":"S Randal Voss, Alex Palumbo, Radha Nagarajan, David M Gardiner, Ken Muneoka, Arnold J Stromberg, Antony T Athippozhy","doi":"10.1002/reg2.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/reg2.37","url":null,"abstract":"While it is appreciated that global gene expression analyses can provide novel insights about complex biological processes, experiments are generally insufficiently powered to achieve this goal. Here we report the results of a robust microarray experiment of axolotl forelimb regeneration. At each of 20 post-amputation time points, we estimated gene expression for 10 replicate RNA samples that were isolated from 1 mm of heterogeneous tissue collected from the distal limb tip. We show that the limb transcription program diverges progressively with time from the non-injured state, and divergence among time adjacent samples is mostly gradual. However, punctuated episodes of transcription were identified for five intervals of time, with four of these coinciding with well-described stages of limb regeneration-amputation, early bud, late bud, and pallet. The results suggest that regeneration is highly temporally structured and regulated by mechanisms that function within narrow windows of time to coordinate transcription within and across cell types of the regenerating limb. Our results provide an integrative framework for hypothesis generation using this complex and highly informative data set.","PeriodicalId":90316,"journal":{"name":"Regeneration (Oxford, England)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/reg2.37","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34539860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 67

The art of fin regeneration in zebrafish. 斑马鱼的鳍再生技术。

Regeneration (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2015-05-19 eCollection Date: 2015-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/reg2.33

Catherine Pfefferli, Anna Jaźwińska

{"title":"The art of fin regeneration in zebrafish.","authors":"Catherine Pfefferli, Anna Jaźwińska","doi":"10.1002/reg2.33","DOIUrl":"10.1002/reg2.33","url":null,"abstract":"The zebrafish fin provides a valuable model to study the epimorphic type of regeneration, whereby the amputated part of the appendage is nearly perfectly replaced. To accomplish fin regeneration, two reciprocally interacting domains need to be established at the injury site, namely a wound epithelium and a blastema. The wound epithelium provides a supporting niche for the blastema, which contains mesenchyme-derived progenitor cells for the regenerate. The fate of blastemal daughter cells depends on their relative position with respect to the fin margin. The apical compartment of the outgrowth maintains its undifferentiated character, whereas the proximal descendants of the blastema progressively switch from the proliferation program to the morphogenesis program. A delicate balance between self-renewal and differentiation has to be continuously adjusted during the course of regeneration. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the cellular and molecular mechanisms of blastema formation, and discusses several studies related to the regulation of growth and morphogenesis during fin regeneration. A wide range of canonical signaling pathways has been implicated during the establishment and maintenance of the blastema. Epigenetic mechanisms play a crucial role in the regulation of cellular plasticity during the transition between differentiation states. Ion fluxes, gap-junctional communication and protein phosphatase activity have been shown to coordinate proliferation and tissue patterning in the caudal fin. The identification of the downstream targets of the fin regeneration signals and the discovery of mechanisms integrating the variety of input pathways represent exciting future aims in this fascinating field of research. ","PeriodicalId":90316,"journal":{"name":"Regeneration (Oxford, England)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/reg2.33","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34349778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 175

The axolotl limb blastema: cellular and molecular mechanisms driving blastema formation and limb regeneration in tetrapods. 蝾螈肢体胚基:驱动四足动物胚基形成和肢体再生的细胞和分子机制

Regeneration (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2015-05-11 eCollection Date: 2015-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/reg2.32

Catherine McCusker, Susan V Bryant, David M Gardiner

{"title":"The axolotl limb blastema: cellular and molecular mechanisms driving blastema formation and limb regeneration in tetrapods.","authors":"Catherine McCusker, Susan V Bryant, David M Gardiner","doi":"10.1002/reg2.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/reg2.32","url":null,"abstract":"The axolotl is one of the few tetrapods that are capable of regenerating complicated biological structures, such as complete limbs, throughout adulthood. Upon injury the axolotl generates a population of regeneration-competent limb progenitor cells known as the blastema, which will grow, establish pattern, and differentiate into the missing limb structures. In this review we focus on the crucial early events that occur during wound healing, the neural-epithelial interactions that drive the formation of the early blastema, and how these mechanisms differ from those of other species that have restricted regenerative potential, such as humans. We also discuss how the presence of cells from the different axes of the limb is required for the continued growth and establishment of pattern in the blastema as described in the polar coordinate model, and how this positional information is reprogrammed in blastema cells during regeneration. Multiple cell types from the mature limb stump contribute to the blastema at different stages of regeneration, and we discuss the contribution of these types to the regenerate with reference to whether they are \"pattern-forming\" or \"pattern-following\" cells. Lastly, we explain how an engineering approach will help resolve unanswered questions in limb regeneration, with the goal of translating these concepts to developing better human regenerative therapies. ","PeriodicalId":90316,"journal":{"name":"Regeneration (Oxford, England)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/reg2.32","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34349777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 143

The regeneration blastema of lizards: an amniote model for the study of appendage replacement. 蜥蜴再生囊胚:用于研究附属物置换的羊膜模型。

Regeneration (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2015-05-11 eCollection Date: 2015-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/reg2.31

E A B Gilbert, S L Delorme, M K Vickaryous

{"title":"The regeneration blastema of lizards: an amniote model for the study of appendage replacement.","authors":"E A B Gilbert, S L Delorme, M K Vickaryous","doi":"10.1002/reg2.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/reg2.31","url":null,"abstract":"Although amniotes (reptiles, including birds, and mammals) are capable of replacing certain tissues, complete appendage regeneration is rare. Perhaps the most striking example is the lizard tail. Tail loss initiates a spontaneous epimorphic (blastema-mediated) regenerative program, resulting in a fully functional but structurally non-identical replacement. Here we review lizard tail regeneration with a particular focus on the blastema. In many lizards, the original tail has evolved a series of fracture planes, anatomical modifications that permit the tail to be self-detached or autotomized. Following tail loss, the wound site is covered by a specialized wound epithelium under which the blastema develops. An outgrowth of the spinal cord, the ependymal tube, plays a key role in governing growth (and likely patterning) of the regenerate tail. In some species (e.g., geckos), the blastema forms as an apical aggregation of proliferating cells, similar to that of urodeles and teleosts. For other species (e.g., anoles) the identification of a proliferative blastema is less obvious, suggesting an unexpected diversity in regenerative mechanisms among tail-regenerating lizards. ","PeriodicalId":90316,"journal":{"name":"Regeneration (Oxford, England)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/reg2.31","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34349776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 41

Current advances in tissue repair and regeneration: the future is bright. 组织修复与再生的最新进展:前景光明。

Regeneration (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2015-04-23 eCollection Date: 2015-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/reg2.30

Nikolay Ninov, Maximina H Yun

{"title":"Current advances in tissue repair and regeneration: the future is bright.","authors":"Nikolay Ninov, Maximina H Yun","doi":"10.1002/reg2.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/reg2.30","url":null,"abstract":"The fifth EMBO conference on 'The Molecular and Cellular Basis of Regeneration and Repair' took place in the peaceful coastal town of Sant Feliu de Guixols (Spain) on September 2014. The meeting was organised by Emili Saló (U. Barcelona, Spain), Kimberly Mace (U. Manchester, UK), Patrizia Ferretti (University College London, UK) and Michael Brand (Centre for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Germany) and received the generous support of Society for Developmental Biology, The Company of Biologists, Centre for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Garland Science and the journals Regeneration and Cell Signalling. The natural surroundings provided an inspiring setting for 185 researchers from all over the world to share their latest findings and views on the field. The conference showcased the great diversity of model organisms used for studying regeneration and tissue repair, including invertebrate and vertebrate species (Fig. 1). Importantly, this diversity in animal models allowed for a global overview of the mechanisms that promote regeneration. In addition, it highlighted some of the unique aspects that confer differences in regenerative capacities among different species. These differences might lie in each of the different steps involved in performing regeneration, including triggering the regenerative response, controlling cellular plasticity, re-stablishing the correct tissue patterns, as well as determining the roles of extrinsic factors, such as the role of inflammation in regeneration. A deeper understanding of these processes in the naturally regenerating species is a prerequisite for advancing the field of regenerative medicine and tissue repair in humans.","PeriodicalId":90316,"journal":{"name":"Regeneration (Oxford, England)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/reg2.30","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34349779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

TALEN-mediated gene editing of the thrombospondin-1 locus in axolotl. talen介导的蝾螈血栓反应蛋白-1基因座的基因编辑。

Regeneration (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2015-04-08 eCollection Date: 2015-02-01 DOI: 10.1002/reg2.29

Tzu-Hsing Kuo, Johanna E Kowalko, Tia DiTommaso, Mandi Nyambi, Daniel T Montoro, Jeffrey J Essner, Jessica L Whited

{"title":"TALEN-mediated gene editing of the thrombospondin-1 locus in axolotl.","authors":"Tzu-Hsing Kuo, Johanna E Kowalko, Tia DiTommaso, Mandi Nyambi, Daniel T Montoro, Jeffrey J Essner, Jessica L Whited","doi":"10.1002/reg2.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/reg2.29","url":null,"abstract":"Loss-of-function genetics provides strong evidence for a gene's function in a wild-type context. In many model systems, this approach has been invaluable for discovering the function of genes in diverse biological processes. Axolotls are urodele amphibians (salamanders) with astonishing regenerative abilities, capable of regenerating entire limbs, portions of the tail (including spinal cord), heart, and brain into adulthood. With their relatively short generation time among salamanders, they offer an outstanding opportunity to interrogate natural mechanisms for appendage and organ regeneration provided that the tools are developed to address these long-standing questions. Here we demonstrate targeted modification of the thrombospondin-1 (tsp-1) locus using transcription-activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) and identify a role of tsp-1 in recruitment of myeloid cells during limb regeneration. We find that while tsp-1-edited mosaic animals still regenerate limbs, they exhibit a reduced subepidermal collagen layer in limbs and an increased number of myeloid cells within blastemas. This work presents a protocol for generating and genotyping mosaic axolotls with TALEN-mediated gene edits. ","PeriodicalId":90316,"journal":{"name":"Regeneration (Oxford, England)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/reg2.29","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34738810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Reintegration of the regenerated and the remaining tissues during joint regeneration in the newt Cynops pyrrhogaster. 蝾螈关节再生过程中再生组织与剩余组织的融合。

Regeneration (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2015-04-08 eCollection Date: 2015-02-01 DOI: 10.1002/reg2.28

Rio Tsutsumi, Takeshi Inoue, Shigehito Yamada, Kiyokazu Agata

{"title":"Reintegration of the regenerated and the remaining tissues during joint regeneration in the newt Cynops pyrrhogaster.","authors":"Rio Tsutsumi, Takeshi Inoue, Shigehito Yamada, Kiyokazu Agata","doi":"10.1002/reg2.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/reg2.28","url":null,"abstract":"Urodele amphibians, such as newts, can regenerate a functional limb, including joints, after amputation at any level along the proximal-distal axis of the limb. The blastema can regenerate the limb morphology largely independently of the stump after proximal-distal identity has been established, but the remaining and regenerated tissues must be structurally reintegrated (matched in size and shape). Here we used newt joint regeneration as a model to investigate reintegration, because a functionally interlocking joint requires structural integration between its opposing skeletal elements. After forelimbs were amputated at the elbow joint, the joint was regenerated between the remaining and regenerated skeletal elements. The regenerated cartilage was thick around the amputated joint to make a reciprocally interlocking joint structure with the remaining bone. Furthermore, during regeneration, the extracellular matrix of the remaining tissues was lost, suggesting that the remaining tissues might contribute to the morphogenesis of regenerating cartilage. Our results showed that the area of the regenerated cartilage matched the area of the apposed remaining cartilage, thus contributing to formation of a functional structure.","PeriodicalId":90316,"journal":{"name":"Regeneration (Oxford, England)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/reg2.28","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34738809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Distinct patterns of endosulfatase gene expression during Xenopus laevis limb development and regeneration. 非洲爪蟾肢体发育和再生过程中不同基因表达模式的研究。

Regeneration (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2015-03-13 eCollection Date: 2015-02-01 DOI: 10.1002/reg2.27

Yi-Hsuan Wang, Caroline Beck

引用次数: 11

Distal Regeneration Involves the Age Dependent Activity of Branchial Sac Stem Cells in the Ascidian Ciona intestinalis. 远端再生涉及肠海鞘鳃裂囊干细胞的年龄依赖性活性。

Regeneration (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2015-02-01 DOI: 10.1002/reg2.26

William R Jeffery

{"title":"Distal Regeneration Involves the Age Dependent Activity of Branchial Sac Stem Cells in the Ascidian Ciona intestinalis.","authors":"William R Jeffery","doi":"10.1002/reg2.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/reg2.26","url":null,"abstract":"Tunicates have high capacities for regeneration but the underlying mechanisms and their relationship to life cycle progression are not well understood. Here we investigate the regeneration of distal structures in the ascidian tunicate Ciona intestinalis. Analysis of regenerative potential along the proximal-distal body axis indicated that distal organs, such as the siphons, their pigmented sensory organs, and the neural complex, could only be replaced from body fragments containing the branchial sac. Distal regeneration involves the formation of a blastema composed of cells that undergo cell proliferation prior to differentiation and cells that differentiate without cell proliferation. Both cell types originate in the branchial sac and appear in the blastema at different times after distal injury. Whereas the branchial sac stem cells are present in young animals, they are depleted in old animals that have lost their regeneration capacity. Thus Ciona adults contain a population of age-related stem cells located in the branchial sac that are a source of precursors for distal body regeneration.","PeriodicalId":90316,"journal":{"name":"Regeneration (Oxford, England)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/reg2.26","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33234394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 25