Journal of child and adolescent behavior最新文献

{"title":"Psychological Discrepancies found in Children and Adolescents","authors":"K. Yui","doi":"10.4172/2375-4494.1000E118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4494.1000E118","url":null,"abstract":"After birth, child undergoes several physical and psychological changes to reach adulthood in response to various genomic and environmental risk factors. For every stage, there are some characteristic features, which confer the notion about status of development. Effective involvement of various biomarkers and pathological models have made easy to evaluate the pathological as well as psychological states of individual subject. However, the behavioral analysis of child and adult people was not much highlighted topic until the exclusive work by Sidney Bijou, 1961 who postulated ‘Systematic and Empirical Theory’ for ‘Behavioral Development’. The theory by Bijou also influenced the fellow researchers to postulate several analysis tools for child and adult behavioral measurement. Among several of such kinds Bijou and Baer's model, Latent growth model, Structural equation model, Rasch analysis, Commons and Miller model are noteworthy. Studies and research on such intriguing subject is the basic requirement for proper evaluation of society and therefore, the present ‘Journal of Child and Adolescent Behavior’ is there to function as an information resource on the respective fields of studies.","PeriodicalId":90208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of child and adolescent behavior","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2375-4494.1000E118","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70299653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maturation of Brain Regions Related to the Default Mode Network during Adolescence Facilitates Narrative Comprehension.","authors":"Tzipi Horowitz-Kraus,&nbsp;Rola Farah,&nbsp;Ardag Hajinazarian,&nbsp;Kenneth Eaton,&nbsp;Akila Rajagopal,&nbsp;Vincent J Schmithorst,&nbsp;Mekibib Altaye,&nbsp;Jennifer J Vannest,&nbsp;Scott K Holland","doi":"10.4172/2375-4494.1000328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4494.1000328","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Although the Default Mode Network (DMN) has been examined extensively in adults, developmental characteristics of this network during childhood are not fully understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this longitudinal study, we characterized the developmental changes in the DMN in fifteen children who were each scanned three times during a narrative comprehension task using magnetic resonance imaging.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Despite similar brain-activation patterns along developmental ages 5 to 18 years when listening to stories, increased, widely distributed deactivation of the DMN was observed in children between the ages of 11 and 18 years. Our findings suggest that changes occurring with increased age, primarily brain maturation and cognitive development drive deactivation of the DMN, which in turn might facilitate attendance to the task.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The interpretation of our results is as a possible reference for the typical course of deactivation of the DMN and to explain the impaired patterns in this neural network associated with different language-related pathologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":90208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of child and adolescent behavior","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2375-4494.1000328","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38031865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Awareness and Associated Factors towards Neonatal Danger Signs among Mothers Attending Public Health Institutions of Mekelle City, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2015","authors":"Nuredin Adem, K. Berhe, Yohannes Yebabe Tesfay","doi":"10.4172/2375-4494.1000365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4494.1000365","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Neonatal mortality and morbidity are the greatest challenges in the current health care scenario. Majority of newborns die because mothers fail to identify danger signs of illness, and inappropriate/delayed care seeking. The most common identified newborn danger signs are fever, lethargy, inability to feed, low temperature, fast breathing, persistent vomiting, convulsions, pus draining/bleeding from umbilical area, lack of consciousness, yellow palm/sole/eye and eye discharge/redness. Objective was to assess the awareness level and factors associated towards neonatal danger sign among mothers who attend public health institutions of Mekelle City, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2015.Method: A cross sectional study design was conducted from December 2014 to June 2015 among mothers who attend public health institutions of Mekelle city, Simple random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. The data were collected using interviewer administered structured questionnaire. Pre-test was done on 5% of the sample two weeks before the actual data collection period at Qui ha health center based on the result of the pre-test necessary corrections were made to the questionnaire. After the data was collected it was entered, cleaned and analyzed using SPSS version 20 statistical software. Descriptive statistics were employed. Binary logistic regression was used to see the association between the dependent and various independent variables. Finally, data are presented using text, tables and graphs.Result: This study found that half (50.6%) of mothers had an awareness of at least three neonatal danger signs. Fever, persistent vomiting and poor sucking was the three most commonly reported neonatal danger signs. To the reverse, umbilical redness, eye discharge, yellow palms/soles/eyes were found to be the least known neonatal danger signs which was reported by less than 5% of the study subjects. Birth preparedness by, at least in two ways [AOR=2.5; 95% CI (1.35, 4.66)] and post-natal care and advice [AOR=3.4; 95% CI (2.01, 5.77)] were the independent variables that show significant association with awareness of mothers toward neonatal danger signs in this study.Conclusion and recommendations: Majority of mothers had low awareness of the majority of neonatal danger signs. Strengthening educational programs at a health facility or community level is highly recommended.","PeriodicalId":90208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of child and adolescent behavior","volume":"50 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79794720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Family Meals and the Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Spanish Adolescents","authors":"Andrew Shalà, Gemma López-Guimerà, J. Fauquet, J. Punt, D. Leiva, D. Sánchez-Carracedo","doi":"10.4172/2375-4494.1000366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4494.1000366","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Few studies have assessed the role of family meals in the Mediterranean diet (MD). Simultaneously, family meal frequency (FMF) has been associated with healthier lifestyles.Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the association between FMF and MD adherence in Spanish adolescents.Methods: A cross-sectional analysis with the baseline data of a multi-center (11 schools from the province of Barcelona) trial was performed. Socio-demographic and anthropometric data, as well as frequency of family breakfast, lunch and dinner were analyzed. MD adherence was assessed with the KIDMED questionnaire. The association between FMF and KIDMED was evaluated with a linear mixed effects regression model.Results: Adolescents (n=1473) reported a weekly frequency of family breakfast, lunch and dinner of 2.1, 4.5 and 5.6 times, respectively. MD adherence was medium in 58.4% of the adolescents, low in 16.0% and high in 25.6%. As MD adherence increased, there was an increase in the proportion of males and of adolescents with universityeducated parents, as well as a higher frequency of the three family meals. The model showed that MD adherence was associated with parental education and with the frequency of family breakfast and dinner.Conclusion: This is the first study to document the association between family meals and MD adherence. Family dinner and breakfast appear to be associated with MD adherence, and since breakfast shows low frequency it should be taken into account in the design of health interventions.","PeriodicalId":90208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of child and adolescent behavior","volume":"26 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83232240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Inhibition Training on Symptoms of Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder and Social Skills","authors":"S. Robatmili, H. Alizade","doi":"10.4172/2375-4494.1000363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4494.1000363","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study was to develop a response inhibition training program and investigate its effectiveness on reducing attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and improving social skills in children with ADHD. The research design was quasi-experimental, with comparisons across pre-test, post-test, and control groups. Sixteen students with ADHD who ranged in age from 7 to 11 years old (Mage=8.67 years) were recruited and randomly assigned to an experimental or a control group. The experimental group received different types of response inhibition training over 12 sessions, while the control group received no training. When the data were analyzed with Multivariate Analysis of Covariance, receipt of the inhibition training problem, relative to control, was associated with a reduction in ADHD symptoms and an improvement in social skills. In this instance, response inhibition training was demonstrated as effective for children with ADHD.","PeriodicalId":90208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of child and adolescent behavior","volume":"3 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87938023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in Sexually Abused Children and Educational Status in Kenya: A Longitudinal Study.","authors":"Teresia Mutavi,&nbsp;Muthoni Mathai,&nbsp;Anne Obondo","doi":"10.4172/2375-4494.1000357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4494.1000357","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Children who experience sexual abuse often meet the criteria of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and other psychiatric disorders. This article examines Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and their educational status among children who have been sexually abused and its effects on the children's educational status. The study was carried out between June 2015 and July 2016. The study adopted a longitudinal study design. The study was conducted at Kenyatta National Teaching and Referral Hospital and Nairobi Women's Hospitals in Kenya. The children who had experienced sexual abuse and their parents/legal guardians were followed up for a period of one year after every four months interval. One hundred and ninety one children who had experienced sexual abuse and their parents/legal guardians were invited to participate in the study. Findings indicate that the children continued to experience PTSD one year after the sexual abuse incidence. PTSD was associated with the length of time taken to receive medical attention (p<0.005). Children with partial PTSD who had experienced sexual abuse were 2 times more likely to perform above average than children with full PTSD, OR=2.1 [95% CI of OR 1.2-3.8], p=0.01. Children who experience sexual abuse have negative mental health outcomes. These outcomes have detrimental effects to the normal development of children and educational status. There is need to screen for PTSD and offer psychosocial support and follow up to children who have been sexual abuse.</p>","PeriodicalId":90208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of child and adolescent behavior","volume":"5 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2375-4494.1000357","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35794154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification on sensory attributes and children’s ratings of fruits and vegetables with and without appearance modification: A pilot study","authors":"L. Chung, S. Fong, J. Chung","doi":"10.4172/2375-4494.1000324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4494.1000324","url":null,"abstract":"Most previous studies have addressed that children dislike fruits and vegetables because of their sensory characteristics. Intervention focusing on sensory modification may promote children’s liking of fruits and vegetables. This study modified the appearance of 10 fruits and vegetables to resemble snacks. As the food was prepared, other sensory characteristics changed as well. A sensory evaluation was conducted on 10 original and 10 modified foods, involving 12 children. The results revealed that modified eggplant and pumpkin gained favorable ratings among the children. Appetizing and repulsive sensory attributes were identified through a corresponding analysis to facilitate future studies on food modification.","PeriodicalId":90208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of child and adolescent behavior","volume":"63 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76134873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ADHD and DMDD Comorbidities, Similarities and Distinctions","authors":"L. Masi, Martin Gignac","doi":"10.4172/2375-4494.1000325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4494.1000325","url":null,"abstract":"Since the mid-90s, the number of children treated for bipolar disorder has increased considerably. Although the need to avoid a confusing terminology regarding bipolar disorder was generally accepted, agreement on diagnosis for this population was difficult to conclude. In particular, the controversy concerned children with chronic irritability and high comorbidity with ADHD. The DSM-5 working group on mood disorders proposed a new diagnosis: Dysruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD). If the distinction with bipolar appears now clear, high comorbidity with ADHD is concerning and makes the nosological limits unclear. However, differences are present and these two diseases must be distinguished in order to recognize their particular problems. Investigation of overlaps between ADHD and DMDD should help clarify their etiology, course and outcome.","PeriodicalId":90208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of child and adolescent behavior","volume":"32 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79508112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Music and Emotions of Teenagers in Benin","authors":"Fiossi Kpadonou E, Sessou Dv, Kpadonou Gt, Agossou T","doi":"10.4172/2375-4494.1000323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4494.1000323","url":null,"abstract":"Music is an essential communication channel with each age group and each period with its type and style of music. Objective: To analyze emotions associated with the influence of music on teenagers in order to ameliorate their mental healthcare using this channel. Method: it was a prospective cross-sectional study with a descriptive and analytical scope which involved 269 teenagers of secondary and university schools and professional training centers in southern Benin. The sampling was based on a self-questionnaire administered within two months (May and June) 2011. Data were processed and analyzed using SPSS. The threshold of significance was fixed at 5%. Results: 49.4% of the respondents listened to music several times a day, either individually (27.5%); in groups (4.8%); or both (67.7%). Listening sounded a positive emotional note (49.2%) and a negative emotional note in times of anxiety, anger, sadness, hopelessness and loneliness (46.4%). Music procured \"pleasure or joyous moments\", gave \"a sensation of wellbeing, relief and relaxation\", stimulated a sense of \"motivation\", \"inspiration\", and enabled \"distraction and liberation\"; it \"gave life\". Traditional music enabled re-inspiration. Zouk was said to be good for sexual arousal, religious music and slows help to dispel sadness, stress and anxiety. The brands that are mostly listened to in groups included \"coupe-decale\", rap, hip-hop, reggae, R and B, techno, salsa, jazz, rumba and raga. Lullabies are hummed during moments of hopelessness, lack of affection, sadness, anger and anxiety. Personal experiences of listening to music are influenced by sex (p=0.004). Conclusion: music was a privileged language for teenagers as they waded through this tumultuous period of their lives, a period full of emotions that were difficult to express and to manage. It is an efficient tool that requires consideration as far as care is concerned.","PeriodicalId":90208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of child and adolescent behavior","volume":"11 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83230105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Augmented Reality Video Games: A Commentary on What All Parents andDoctors Should Know","authors":"William Ge, Laura P. McLaughlin, R. Milanaik, Do","doi":"10.4172/2375-4494.1000321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4494.1000321","url":null,"abstract":"This commentary highlights the risks and benefits associated with an increasingly popular video game format, the augmented-reality video game (ARG). ARGs are different from typical video games in that they combine live views of the real world with the computer generated video game into one interface. Despite the recent popularity of one ARG in particular, Pokemon GO, relatively little information has yet been provided to pediatricians and parents about the benefits and dangers that ARGs can offer to children. This article aims to illuminate the potential harms and benefits of this type of video game in order to best protect the safety of its young users.","PeriodicalId":90208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of child and adolescent behavior","volume":"43 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89083343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}