International journal of biotechnology for wellness industries最新文献

{"title":"Production and Immobilization of Halophilic Invertase Produced from Honey Isolate Aspergillus niger EM77 (KF774181)","authors":"Mona, Abdeltawab, Esawy, Amany, Lotfy, Kansoh, Zeinab, Hassan, Kheiralla, H. Ahmed, Tarek Aly-Kamal Kahil, E. K. A. EL-Hameed","doi":"10.6000/1927-3037.2014.03.02.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1927-3037.2014.03.02.1","url":null,"abstract":"Honey isolate Aspergillus niger EM77 was a good halophilic invertase producer in the presence of wheat bran as a complete medium (114.55 U/g), using solid state fermentation technique. Different parameters influence the enzyme productivity such as different pH values, temperature, incubation period, nitrogen and carbon sources were investigated. The optimum pH, temperature and incubation period for enzyme production were 5.5, 30 o C and 72 hrs, respectively. Sucrose at 2 % was more suitable carbon source for invertase production (144.39 U/g) and (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 at 0.15 % was the ideal nitrogen source. Among different metals ions MnSO 4 enhanced the enzyme productivity than other tested ions to 194.71 U/g. The partially purified enzyme was successfully entrapped in polyvinyl alcohol sponge shielded with agar starch layer (PVAsp Gs) and achieved 71% immobilization yield. The optimum conditions for immobilization were: pH 5.2, an incubation time of 15 min and a protein concentration of 250 mg/ml. Immobilized enzyme was reused 12 times with 29% activity loss. The free enzyme lost its activity completely at 70EsC after 45 minute and the immobilized form retained 80% of its activity at the same condition.The free and immobilized form reported extreme halophilic property since the highest enzyme activity was obtained between 3.5- 5 M.","PeriodicalId":90181,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biotechnology for wellness industries","volume":"3 1","pages":"36-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71249035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endophytic Mycoflora of Indian Medicinal Plant, Terminalia arjuna and their Biological Activities","authors":"V. Maheshwari, M. Patil, R. Patil, S. Patil","doi":"10.6000/1927-3037.2014.03.02.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1927-3037.2014.03.02.3","url":null,"abstract":"Studies were undertaken to isolate, identify and evaluate the biological activities of endophytic mycoflora of Indian medicinal plant, Terminalia arjuna. A total of 20 isolates of endophytic fungi were obtained from the leaves, twigs and bark tissues of the Terminalia arjuna. Out of 20, six isolates exhibited promising antibacterial, antifungal and anti-inflammatory activities when cultivated at shake flask level. The selected isolates were identified on the basis of morphology and ITS gene sequencing. Three isolates, designated as TA BA 1, TA L1 and TA L2 were identified as Aspergillus flavus whereas; the remaining three endophytic fungi were identified as Diaporthe arengae (TA TW2), Alternaria Sp. (TA TW1) and Lasiodiplodia theobromae (TA BA2). Aspergillus flavus was found as the predominant endophyte in leaves and bark tissues of the plant. The crude extract of the test isolates showed considerable antimicrobial activity against common human bacterial ( Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris, Salmonella abony and Bacillus subtilis ) and fungal ( Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger and Penicilium sp.) pathogens. The extract of Diaporthe arengae (TA TW2) significantly reduced the concentration of DPPH free radical as percent DPPH scavenging activity was found to be highest (69.56%) in comparison with other isolates. The % inhibition of hemolysis of RBCs was found to be highest (82.85%) with Diaporthe arengae (TA TW2) in comparison (83.26%) with standard drug (Ibuprofen). Among all, the extract of the Diaporthe arengae (TA TW2) showed excellent biological activities and hence was subjected to further characterization. The phytochemical investigation of the extract revealed the presence of terpenoids as the major phytoconstituents which was supported by TLC and UV spectroscopic studies. The results indicate that the isolated endophytes could be the valuable source of these bioactive molecules with diverse biological activities. The bioactivities may be attributed to the terpenoids present in the endophytic extract.","PeriodicalId":90181,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biotechnology for wellness industries","volume":"3 1","pages":"53-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71249200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioactive Compounds of Fresh and Dried Pleurotus ostreatus Mushroom","authors":"E. Mohamed, Fatma A Farghaly","doi":"10.6000/1927-3037.2014.03.01.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1927-3037.2014.03.01.2","url":null,"abstract":"Chemical composition of the fresh and dried mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus and their bioactive secondary metabolic products were studied. The ethanolic extracts of the P. ostreatus cultivated on rice straw supplemented by wheat bran were studied by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis. A total of hundred and seven metabolites were detected in tested samples. These include 56 metabolites only detected in fresh sample, 37 metabolites only detected in dry sample, and 14 metabolites were detected in the both samples. The detected metabolites could be classified into nine chemical groups including 2 metabolites related to acids, 5 alcohols, 27 alkane, 3 amides, 27 esters, 8 fatty acids, 4 terpenoids, 29 heterocyclic and 2 phenols. The bioactivity of the metabolic products could be classified: anticholesterol, anticancer and essential fatty acids which support human health. On comparison between fresh and dried P. ostreatus samples, we found that the high number of metabolites was recorded in the fresh extract. Fifty five aroma compounds were recorded and including (27 esters, 9 ketones, 7 thiols, 5 alcholos, 4 terpenoids , 2 phenols and 1 aldehyde). The selenium content in P. ostreatus samples was measured by using ACAL –APR -51-00 test methods and showed that the fresh sample has 58.24 mg/kg but the dry sample has 100.31 mg/kg.","PeriodicalId":90181,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biotechnology for wellness industries","volume":"3 1","pages":"4-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71248874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tumor-Specific Blood Serum Factors as Basis of Tumor Dormancy","authors":"F. Donenko, N. Kormosh, T. Efferth, M. V. Kiselevski","doi":"10.6000/1927-3037.2014.03.01.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1927-3037.2014.03.01.1","url":null,"abstract":"In the present review, we focus on the importance of blood serum factors for tumor growth in vivo. Data from mice experiments indicate the existence of serum factors, which decrease the dormancy of Ehrlich carcinoma cells from 85 to 20%. The impaired production of these factors increases the life span of tumor-bearing animals from 14 days to 120 days. Blocking the production of tumor-specific factors causes the complete regression of already developed Ehrlich carcinoma. These serum factors do not affect the malignant carcinoma cells in vitro. We identified serpins as tumor dormancy serum factors. Experimental evidence suggests that serpins are not only essential for tumor growth. Serpins are also involved in the regeneration of normal tissues, such as adipose tissue, recurrence after cosmetic operations (liposuction), inhibiting rejection after liver transplantation, protection of parasitic flat worms living in host tissues and organs etc. We conclude that the inhibition of serum dormancy factor may represent attractive novel strategies for the prevention and treatment of relapsed cancers.","PeriodicalId":90181,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biotechnology for wellness industries","volume":"3 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71248859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Potential Use of Mushrooms β-Glucans in the Food Industry","authors":"E. Eleftherios, Mavraganis G. Vassilis, Israilides Cleanthes","doi":"10.6000/1927-3037.2014.03.01.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1927-3037.2014.03.01.3","url":null,"abstract":"Many edible mushrooms are considered as “functional” foods having immunomodulatory and anticancer properties. The ability of mushrooms to exert biological effects and modulate immune functions is due to the presence of bioactive compounds with most important the polysaccharides I²-glucans. B-glucans are found in bacteria, fungi and plants and act on several immune cell receptors resulting in both innate and adaptive response. The incorporation of I²-glucans in various foods and animal feed has the potential of creating novel “functional” food products, with many health benefits to human and animal nutrition.","PeriodicalId":90181,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biotechnology for wellness industries","volume":"3 1","pages":"15-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71248934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Usefulness of Bioindicators and Biomarkers in Pollution Biomonitoring","authors":"A. Hamza-Chaffai","doi":"10.6000/1927-3037.2014.03.01.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1927-3037.2014.03.01.4","url":null,"abstract":"We have different possibilities and tools to assess the impact of pollution on marine ecosystems. The ecotoxicological approaches are based on the use of biomonitors and biomarkers. They aim to study the effect of toxic chemicals on the biological organisms especially at the population, community and ecosystem levels. The ultimate goal of ecotoxicology is to be able to predict the effects of pollution so that the most efficient and effective action to prevent or remediate any detrimental effect. In order to assess the impact of anthropogenic activities on the aquatic ecosystem and to insure compliance with regulation or guidelines, we use biomonitoring. This kind of approach is based on the use of biological responses in order to assess anthropogenic changes in the environment. Biomonitoring involves the use of indicator species such as filter feeding mollusk bivalves. These organisms tend to accumulate pollutants in their tissues without showing any apparent detrimental effect. Moreover, they could reflect the real bio available fraction of the pollutant. In order to have an early warning system predicting the pollution effects even at low levels, biomarkers were extensively studied. Some of them were validated in both field and in vivo conditions. In the present paper, the usefulness of bioindicators and biomarkers in pollution monitoring are discussed. An overview of results from case studies dealing with in situ, in vivo and transplantation experiments is presented.","PeriodicalId":90181,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biotechnology for wellness industries","volume":"3 1","pages":"19-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71248949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Adjunct Treatment Reverses Insulin-dependent (Type 1) Diabetes in a Teenager","authors":"S. Yap","doi":"10.6000/1927-3037.2014.03.01.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1927-3037.2014.03.01.5","url":null,"abstract":"Globally, more than 30 million people suffer from diabetes mellitus type 1 (T1DM) characterized by pancreas producing little or no insulin hormone to facilitate glucose entering cells for energy production. T1DM patients tend to suffer a higher overall rate of atherosclerosis, cancer, and end-stage renal failure. No drug or surgical therapy seems to halt its annual upward trend amongst children and young adults. Consequently, a significant number of sufferers turn to complementary or alternative therapies for help to arrest this chronic endocrine condition. This paper discusses how a well-designed evidence-based dietary and nutritional therapy with some lifestyle modifications might offer a solution for this highly complex autoimmune disorder. The treatment outcome demonstrated a partial regeneration of pancreatic islet beta cells with substantial improvement for all relevant serum and urine markers tested.","PeriodicalId":90181,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biotechnology for wellness industries","volume":"3 1","pages":"27-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71249008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Research Progress on China Major Minority Detoxification Methods","authors":"Lei Wang, Ze Yu, Li-Song Liu, Wei-li Wang, Hanwen Yan, Xiaohua Duan","doi":"10.6000/1927-3037.2014.03.04.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1927-3037.2014.03.04.4","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the research and material—sorting in recent decades involving Tibetan medicine Mongolia medicine Dai medicine Zhuang medicine Yao medicine, Yi medicine, Miao medicine, Jinuo medicine. Tibetan medicine has a unique system of medical theory, which posits that poisoning incidents have close relation with rLung, nKhris-pa, Badkan three factors (namely three due to), which by adjusting three due to is balance and achieve detoxification. Mongolian medicine believes that there are five-element doctrine, cold and heat, the strength and size of detoxifying respectively. \"Disease first solution, the solution after the first treatment,\" Dai medicine \"Yajie\" theory and the series of Yajie (antidote)\", which play a role in detoxification lies. Zhuang medicine theory includes \"virtual drug-induced diseases,\" the etiology and pathogenesis. By correcting the bias by that bias, in order to achieve the purpose of detoxification. Yao medical theory: the Profit and Loss Balance Theory, the Cause Theory, which are related to detoxification. According to the theory of three gas, toxin factor theory as the core contents of Yi medical theory, which the application of detoxification method is associated with. Miao medicine thinks Poison for all ills, highlight the dispel toxin factor to the poison thery of nine. Jinuo medicine is fully application of national folk-detoxification plant and animal medicines, achieve the purposes of detoxification. In this review, we summarized the major approaches applied for detoxification methods by different ethnic groups in order to provide better guide for clinical practice of food, drugs, poisons and other toxics. This work provides also potential clinical application to open up a new way of thinking and new perspective for detoxification therapy based on the accumulated knowledge in traditional Chinese medicine.","PeriodicalId":90181,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biotechnology for wellness industries","volume":"3 1","pages":"136-147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71249579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health and Wellness Product from Mangosteen (Garciniamangostana L.) Rind: Bioactive Potentials","authors":"M. Shashirekha, M. Shylaja, V. B. Shivaleela, S. E. Mallikarjuna, S. Rajarathnam","doi":"10.6000/1927-3037.2014.03.04.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1927-3037.2014.03.04.1","url":null,"abstract":"Mangosteen rind (MSR) (Garcinia mangostana L.) is a predominant component of the fruit contributing to 62% \u0000of the whole fruit. However, utilization of the same for the preparation of health products was not explored due to its \u0000sensorially less acceptable parameters. Differential extraction in different polarity solvents of MSR was done and \u0000evaluated their acceptability for product preparation. Current study thus is a detailed investigation on bioactivity profiling \u0000of MSR fraction and utilization of the same for health product preparation. Among various extracts, 70% ethanol \u0000(70%AE) yielded the maximum (15g/100g). Xanthone:Phenolic ratio was 1: 2.8, in 70%AE as opposed to hot water \u0000extract – HWE and 50% AE, which contained Xanthone:Phenolic ratio of 1:1.4/5. Higher the phenolic content obviously \u0000reduces the bitterness of Xanthones. 70% AE contained phenolics 60.08± 0.213 mg/g and xanthones 22.56± 0.317 \u0000mg/g. HPLC analysis revealed a spectrum of phenolic acids such as gallic, chlorogenic, caffeic, epicatechin, catechin \u0000and ferulic acids at various levels. Potent Free Radical Scavenging (FRS) activity, cytoprotectivity, DNA protectivity, \u0000H+K+ATPase inhibitory (PPAI) activities were observed in 70% AE. Gallic/tannic acid appear to contribute to antioxidant \u0000activity; while ferulic acid was responsible for PPAI activity in 70%AE. Among xanthones, although","PeriodicalId":90181,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biotechnology for wellness industries","volume":"3 1","pages":"111-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71248924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison between phage-ELISA and phage dot-blot assay methods for the detection of hepatitis B surface antigen and its antibodies in human serum","authors":"G. H. Tan, W. Tan","doi":"10.6000/1927-3037.2014.03.04.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6000/1927-3037.2014.03.04.3","url":null,"abstract":"A modified phage-enzyme link immunosorbent assay (phage-ELISA) and a phage dot-blot assay specific for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and its antibody were developed by using phage display technology. The phage-ELISA and phage dot-blot assays enabled to detect HBsAg and anti-HBsAg in human sera, and compatible to commercial detection kit. The fusion phages were immobilized onto microtiter plate wells and nitrocellulose membrane sheets, then blocked with 10% milk diluent, and added with human serum at dilution of 1:5000. The absorbance at 405 nm was determined once the colour changes formed. The same human serum also applied on the commercial diagnostic kit for comparison. The statistical analysis was carried out using ANOVA and T Test (LSD) for variable comparison between phage-ELISA and phage dot-blot assays. Based on these studies, the phage-ELISA was found to be more sensitive compared to phage dot-blot assay as the detection of HBsAg in human sera was about 80% as compared to 51.7% by using phage dot-blot assay. Meanwhile, the sensitivity for detection of anti-HBsAg by using phage-ELISA was slightly higher which showed about 83.3%. However, the sensitivity of the assay was dropped almost half when using phage dot-blot assay. Therefore, they are practical to be used as a reliable alternative way for the detection HBsAg and its antibody in human sera.","PeriodicalId":90181,"journal":{"name":"International journal of biotechnology for wellness industries","volume":"3 1","pages":"128-135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71248981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}