BMB Reports最新文献

{"title":"Transcriptomic analysis of colorectal carcinoma tissues from a Korean population.","authors":"Hoang Bao Khanh Chu, Ji Hye Choi, Jongbum Jeon, Soobok Joe, Hyeran Shim, Jisun Kang, Sheehyun Cho, Hong Seok Lee, Yeong Hak Bang, Jinyeong Lim, Eun Hye Joo, Kyunghee Park, Ji Hwan Moon, Kyung Yeon Han, Woo Yong Lee, Hee Cheol Kim, Seong Hyeon Yun, Yong Beom Cho, Yoon Ah Park, Jung Wook Huh, Jung Kyong Shin, Dae Hee Pyo, Hyekyung Hong, Yourae Hong, Hae-Ock Lee, Jong-Hwan Kim, Jinseon Yoo, Jaeeun Jung, Jin Ok Yang, Woong-Yang Park, Young-Joon Kim","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As a disease with a high mortality rate, colorectal cancer (CRC) highlights the importance of comprehending its molecular mechanisms to develop effective therapies. In this study, we conducted RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis on 476 samples consisting of fresh-frozen CRC tissues and adjacent normal tissues obtained from Samsung Medical Center (SMC) in South Korea. By analyzing gene expression differences, we identified that upregulated genes in tumor samples were significantly associated with pathways related to the cell cycle, extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction, and DNA damage response (DDR). Conversely, genes exhibiting high expression in normal samples were primarily related to metabolic pathways. Tumor samples were found to be enriched in various DDR pathways, prompting an investigation into the enrichment of related genes. Additionally, the analysis focused on the Homologous recombination (HR) pathway, for which the Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) score was calculated. Furthermore, we categorized colorectal tumor samples into four subgroups using in silico methods to identify the biological and clinical characteristics of each subgroup and compared our results with those of the widely used existing subgrouping methods. Majority of our fibroblast and immune enriched/fibroblast samples aligned with CMS4, characterized by stromal invasion and mesenchymal differentiation, whereas the immune enriched subtype aligned with CMS1, known for its immune-centric profile. To investigate the clinical implications, the composition of the tumor microenvironment (TME) by cell type was examined across four subgroups, along with an immunological analysis. In particular, the calculated HRD score and the expression levels of immune-related genes associated with CRC were analyzed to provide evidence for personalized therapeutic strategies for each subgroup. Our findings provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying CRC in Korean patients, particularly in the SMC patient group, and offer opportunities for personalized therapeutic strategies. [BMB Reports 2026; 59(6): 321-328].</p>","PeriodicalId":9010,"journal":{"name":"BMB Reports","volume":" ","pages":"321-328"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13311885/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145556295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AQP1/4, CLIC5 dysregulation and lipid metabolism alterations in lung cancer.","authors":"Heung-Seok Bae, Je-Yoel Cho","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To advance the development of novel therapies for lung cancer, we investigated tumor-associated molecules implicated in tumorigenesis. RNA-seq data were generated from paired tumors and adjacent normal tissues of four patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) and five patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Additional analyses utilized RNA-seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), including paired tumor and adjacent normal samples (51 LUSC, 57 LUAD) and tumor-only samples (450 LUSC, 461 LUAD). Adjacent normal tissues served as controls. Our RNA-seq results showed strong concordance with TCGA data. Ion channels Aqp1, Aqp4, and Clic5 were significantly downregulated in lung tumors, whereas enzymes involved in membrane lipid metabolism, including phosphatidylcholine (PC), sphingomyelin (SM), and cholesterol (Cho), were upregulated in lung tumors. Cardiolipin (CL), a mitochondrial inner membrane lipid, was downregulated in lung tumors. These changes might have impaired oxygen permeability and mitochondrial function, promoting hypoxia and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Hif1α expression was elevated in both LUSC and LUAD, along with a hypoxia-responsive protein kinase Csnk2a1 and its downstream targets Hdac1 and Hdac2. ROS-responsive transcription factors Yy1, Foxm1, E2f1, and E2f8 were also significantly upregulated in both LUSC and LUAD. Notably, the master epigenetic regulator Uhrf1 activated by these transcription factors showed marked overexpression in tumors compared to that in normal tissues. TCGA data corroborated these findings. Our study identified tumor cell membrane-associated molecules, including ion channels (Aqp1, Aqp4, Clic5) and membrane lipid metabolism enzymes (PC, SM, Cho, and CL), as critical contributors to lung tumorigenesis. These molecules represent promising targets for developing innovative anti-cancer therapies. [BMB Reports 2026; 59(6): 329-340].</p>","PeriodicalId":9010,"journal":{"name":"BMB Reports","volume":" ","pages":"329-340"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13311888/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145079588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SLC39 and SLC30 zinc transporters: functions and potential mechanisms in cancer.","authors":"Sung Eun Kim","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Solute carrier (SLC) transporters are membrane proteins that facilitate the movement of various substrates, such as nutrients and organic or inorganic ions, across cellular membranes. Recent studies underscore the critical roles of SLC transporters in regulating cancer metabolism, immune evasion, and the tumor microenvironment. Increasing evidence suggests that the SLC39 and SLC30 families of zinc transporters, responsible for importing and exporting zinc into and out of the cytoplasm, respectively, modulate intracellular zinc distribution and signaling and may play a role in cancer initiation or progression. In this review, we discuss the functional roles of these zinc transporters in different cancer types and examine potential mechanisms linking zinc metabolism with oncogenic pathways that contribute to malignancy. [BMB Reports 2026; 59(5): 262-272].</p>","PeriodicalId":9010,"journal":{"name":"BMB Reports","volume":" ","pages":"262-272"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13220113/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147353770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated analysis of RNA-sequencing data and clinical data for the molecular insights and applicability of immunotherapy in the Korean colorectal cancer patients.","authors":"Jinseon Yoo, Jong Lyul Lee, Hyeran Shim, Soobok Joe, Jong-Hwan Kim, Jongbum Jeon, Jisu Kim, Chan Wook Kim, Seok-Byung Lim, In Ja Park, Yong Sik Yoon, Hoang Bao Khanh Chu, Jisun Kang, Sheehyun Cho, Hong Seok Lee, Young-Joon Kim, Chang Sik Yu, Seon-Young Kim","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major health concern and understanding its molecular characteristics is crucial for improving its diagnosis and treatment. Here, we present a comprehensive analysis utilizing RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data and clinical information from Korean patients with CRC. Differential gene expression analysis identified significant changes in gene expression between tumor and normal tissues. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) revealed dysregulated pathways associated with tumor progression. Furthermore, using CMScaller, we successfully stratified CRC tissues into distinct molecular subtypes. Upon reviewing the public consensus molecular subtype (CMS) signature, it was confirmed that it shares similar biological characteristics with the existing CRC. Additionally, biological characteristics of the group that could not be classified using CMScaller were found to resemble those of CMS2. Finally, distinguishing characteristics were observed between the tumor and normal groups when analyzed from an immunological perspective. Patients with CRC were checked for immunotherapy responsiveness, and those who clinically responded to immunotherapy were identified. Survival analysis confirmed that certain microsatellite stable (MSS) samples were responsive to immunotherapy and showed a relatively better prognosis. Furthermore, analysis of various immune cell types to identify genes involved in the response to immunotherapy revealed that RORC, NOS2, and KLRK1 are potential candidate genes. Our findings provide valuable insights into the molecular landscape of CRC in the Korean population and underscore the potential for integrating RNA-seq data with clinical information to improve cancer research and patient care. Immunotherapy was found to be effective in Korean patients with CRC. [BMB Reports 2026; 59(5): 273-282].</p>","PeriodicalId":9010,"journal":{"name":"BMB Reports","volume":" ","pages":"273-282"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13220106/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145556292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New insights to B cell tolerance involving the mechanosensitive ion channel Piezo1.","authors":"Youngjae Hong, Chaiwon Kim, Kihyuck Kwak","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>B cell tolerance is critical for preventing autoimmunity, yet the mechanisms by which B cells discriminate self from non-self antigens remain incompletely understood. While early findings emphasize the role of classical antigen-mediated BCR signaling strength by varying antigen formats, emerging evidence highlights the importance of mechanical cues during antigen recognition. This review explores how mechanosensitive ion channels, particularly Piezo1, contribute to B cell activation and tolerance by integrating physical forces at the immune synapse. We discuss how membrane-bound and particulate antigens induce mechanotransduction through Piezo1, promoting enhanced B cell responses by extracellular calcium influx. Additionally, we consider the differential roles of Piezo1 in various physiological contexts, including shear stress, tissue migration, and substrate stiffness. Understanding mechanosensormediated signaling in coordination with other pathways such as antigen recognition, T cell help, or cytokine signaling expands our knowledge of B cell biology and introduces a new paradigm for modulating humoral immunity in health and disease. [BMB Reports 2026; 59(5): 253-261].</p>","PeriodicalId":9010,"journal":{"name":"BMB Reports","volume":" ","pages":"253-261"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13220107/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Loss of tubby in MC4R- and VGLUT2-expressing neurons impairs energy homeostasis.","authors":"Se Rok Jeong, Yong Taek Jeong, Chul Hoon Kim, Jeong Taeg Seo, Seok Jun Moon","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity is a major global health crisis, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying adult-onset metabolic dysfunction remain incompletely understood. The tubby mouse is a foundational genetic model of maturity-onset obesity; however, the specific tissues and cell populations responsible for its metabolic phenotype have long remained elusive. Here, we demonstrate that the loss of tubby disrupts the coordinated regulation of energy intake and expenditure, leading to a sustained positive energy balance. Using cell-type-specific genetic tools, we identified MC4R-expressing and VGLUT2-expressing neurons as essential sites of tubby function. We found that tubby acts through the combined contribution of these neuronal populations, as selective deletion in either MC4R or VGLUT2 neurons is sufficient to phenocopy key features of the global Tub mutant. Together, these findings establish tubby as a central neuronal regulator of systemic energy homeostasis and define an excitatory MC4R-VGLUT2 circuit that governs feeding behavior and metabolic output. [BMB Reports 2026; 59(5): 293-290].</p>","PeriodicalId":9010,"journal":{"name":"BMB Reports","volume":" ","pages":"283-290"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13220102/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147621414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cereblon enhances hepatic hepcidin production through estrogen-related receptor gamma activation.","authors":"Seungwon An, Chung Hyo Kang, Taehyun Park, Balachandar Nedumaran, Younjoo Sung, Taehoon Chung, Chul-Seung Park, Ali R Djalilian, Yong Deuk Kim","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepcidin (encoded by the HAMP gene), produced primarily by hepatocytes, is the master regulator of systemic iron homeostasis. Its dysregulation contributes to various iron-related metabolic disorders. Cereblon (CRBN) has been implicated in metabolic regulation, while estrogen-related receptor gamma (ESRRG) is known to govern energy homeostasis and mitochondrial function. In this study, we demonstrate a novel CRBN-ESRRG signaling pathway that mediates endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced hepatic HAMP expression. In mice and primary hepatocytes exposed to tunicamycininduced ER stress, gene expression and biochemical analyses revealed significant increases in the transcript levels of hepatic Crbn, Esrrg, and Hamp. Correspondingly, hepcidin protein levels were elevated, accompanied by reduced serum iron levels and increased cellular iron levels, consistent with hepcidinmediated regulation of iron distribution. Overexpression of Crbn enhanced ESRRG expression and increased hepatic hepcidin production, while knockdown of either Crbn or Esrrg attenuated this response. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated enhanced recruitment of ESRRG to the Hamp promoter. Collectively, these findings identify a CRBN-ESRRG regulatory axis that drives hepatic HAMP expression under ER stress and suggest a potential therapeutic target for ER stress-associated metabolic and iron disorders. [BMB Reports 2026; 59(5): 291-298].</p>","PeriodicalId":9010,"journal":{"name":"BMB Reports","volume":" ","pages":"291-298"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13220105/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147621803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stigmasterol elicits antiviral activity against influenza viruses through virucidal and entry inhibition activity in vitro","authors":"Ju Won Kim, Sanghyun Lee, Sejin Jeon, Sun-Woo Yoon, Yo Han Jang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Influenza viruses pose a significant global public health threat, leading to recurrent seasonal epidemics and occasional pandemics. The rising prevalence of drug-resistant strains highlights the urgent need for new antiviral agents with alternative mechanisms of action. Plant-derived natural products have emerged as promising antiviral resources due to their chemical diversity and wide range of biological activities. Stigmasterol, a naturally occurring phytosterol found in various plants, is recognized for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties; however, its antiviral potential against influenza viruses has not been clearly established. In this study, we systematically assessed the antiviral activity of stigmasterol against influenza A and B viruses in vitro. Stigmasterol demonstrated significant virucidal activity against both virus types at non-cytotoxic concentrations and effectively interfered with the functions of the viral surface proteins hemagglutinin and neuraminidase. Using GFP-expressing reporter viruses and cytopathic effect reduction assays, we showed that stigmasterol robustly suppressed viral infection under pre-, co-, and post-treatment conditions. Importantly, stigmasterol inhibited viral entry through a mechanism independent of hemagglutinin inhibition. These findings provide the first evidence that stigmasterol has broad anti-influenza activity and support its potential as a plant-derived lead compound for developing novel therapeutic strategies against influenza infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":9010,"journal":{"name":"BMB Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147697520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enzyme-assisted extraction of plant-derived extracellular vesicles: recent advances, methodological considerations, and standardization needs.","authors":"Hyun Chul Jo, Seongje Hong, Kyung Oh Jung","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plant-derived extracellular vesicles (PDEVs) have attracted increasing attention as bioactive nanostructures with emerging applications in medicine, functional foods, and cosmetics. However, unlike mammalian extracellular vesicle systems, the recovery of PDEVs is fundamentally constrained by plant-specific structural features, particularly the rigid cell wall and the limited accessibility of vesicles within plant tissues. In plant systems, extracellular vesicles are thought to be retained, at least in part, within the apoplastic space between the plasma membrane and the cell wall, which restricts the direct application of conventional animal cell-based isolation workflows. Conventional extraction approaches based on mechanical disruption enable bulk recovery of vesicle-containing material but are frequently associated with intracellular contamination, cell wall-derived debris, increased extract viscosity, and poor process reproducibility. To address these limitations, recent studies have explored enzyme-based extraction strategies that partially relax the plant cell wall to facilitate the selective release of apoplastic vesicles while reducing nonspecific contamination. In this mini-review, we summarize recent advances in enzyme-based extraction strategies for PDEVs, with particular emphasis on their structural rationale, methodological advantages over mechanical disruption, and associated limitations. We further discuss key challenges in quantitative evaluation, purity assessment, and reporting standardization, highlighting the need for methodologically rigorous frameworks to enable reproducible isolation and reliable interpretation of PDEV-associated biological activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":9010,"journal":{"name":"BMB Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147621812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitochondrial transplantation restores mitochondrial content and function in SSBP1-related mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome.","authors":"Dohee Kim, Seo-Eun Lee, JuHyuen Cha, Jun Ho Lee, Young Cheol Kang, Sang-Yeon Lee","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined therapeutic potential of mitochondrial transplantation using PN-101, a mitochondria preparation derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs), to address SSBP1-related mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) depletion syndrome. Patient-derived fibroblasts harboring a heterozygous SSBP1 mutation (c.272G＞A:p.Arg91Gln) were treated with PN-101. Its successful uptake and integration into these cells were confirmed. Subsequent analyses revealed that PN-101 treatment significantly increased mtDNA copy numbers in a time- and dose-dependent manner, elevated the expression of key oxidative phosphorylation proteins, and enhanced overall mitochondrial bioenergetics. Taken together, these results provide strong evidence that mitochondrial transplantation holds promise as a therapeutic strategy for primary mitochondrial diseases, including those involving SSBP1 mutations. [BMB Reports 2026; 59(4): 227-234].</p>","PeriodicalId":9010,"journal":{"name":"BMB Reports","volume":" ","pages":"227-234"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13126069/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145556300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}