BioSciencePub Date : 2025-07-31eCollection Date: 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biaf102
Nathaniel J Dominy, Luke D Fannin, Erin R Vogel, Martha M Robbins, Catherine Hobaiter
{"title":"Fermented fruits: scrumping, sharing, and the origin of feasting.","authors":"Nathaniel J Dominy, Luke D Fannin, Erin R Vogel, Martha M Robbins, Catherine Hobaiter","doi":"10.1093/biosci/biaf102","DOIUrl":"10.1093/biosci/biaf102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mounting evidence points to the importance of fermented fruits in the diets of tropical frugivores, especially African apes. But how has this fundamental aspect of ape ecology escaped scientific attention over the past six decades? Here we draw inspiration from the Middle Ages to fill an essential void in scientific discourse.</p>","PeriodicalId":9003,"journal":{"name":"BioScience","volume":"75 9","pages":"774-778"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12412291/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioSciencePub Date : 2025-07-17eCollection Date: 2025-08-01DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biaf042
Robert Turnbull, Emily Fitzgerald, Karen M Thompson, Joanne L Birch
{"title":"Hespi: a pipeline for automatically detecting information from herbarium specimen sheets.","authors":"Robert Turnbull, Emily Fitzgerald, Karen M Thompson, Joanne L Birch","doi":"10.1093/biosci/biaf042","DOIUrl":"10.1093/biosci/biaf042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Specimen-associated biodiversity data are crucial for biological, environmental, and conservation sciences. A rate shift is needed to extract data from specimen images efficiently, moving beyond human-mediated transcription. We developed Hespi (for <i>herbarium specimen sheet pipeline</i>) using advanced computer vision techniques to extract authoritative data applicable for a range of research purposes from primary specimen labels on herbarium specimens. Hespi integrates two object detection models: one for detecting the components of the sheet and another for fields on the primary specimen label. It classifies labels as printed, typed, handwritten, or mixed and uses optical character recognition and handwritten text recognition for extraction. The text is then corrected against authoritative taxon databases and refined using a multimodal large language model. Hespi accurately detects and extracts text from specimen sheets across international herbaria, and its modular design allows users to train and integrate custom models.</p>","PeriodicalId":9003,"journal":{"name":"BioScience","volume":"75 8","pages":"637-648"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12352312/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144871364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioSciencePub Date : 2025-07-09eCollection Date: 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biaf100
Scott Glaberman, Stephanie E Bulls, Laura Platner, Philipp Wagner, Saskia Dreyer, Stephanie McCain, Silvia Burgstaller, Leyla R Davis, Heléna Turner, Linda G R Bruins-van Sonsbeek, Dominik Fischer, Ylenia Chiari
{"title":"Do turtles get cancer?","authors":"Scott Glaberman, Stephanie E Bulls, Laura Platner, Philipp Wagner, Saskia Dreyer, Stephanie McCain, Silvia Burgstaller, Leyla R Davis, Heléna Turner, Linda G R Bruins-van Sonsbeek, Dominik Fischer, Ylenia Chiari","doi":"10.1093/biosci/biaf100","DOIUrl":"10.1093/biosci/biaf100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Turtles are renowned for their extreme longevity and tremendous range in body size. Theoretically, large, long-lived organisms should face higher cancer risks because of increased cell numbers and lifetime cellular turnover, yet cancer appears to be exceptionally rare in turtles. In the present article, we synthesize the current knowledge on cancer prevalence in turtles, drawing from zoo necropsies, pathology reports, and comparative oncology studies, and present new data spanning additional species that reinforce this pattern. Emerging molecular evidence suggests that turtles possess high resistance to oxidative stress and protein dysregulation, which may contribute to cancer resistance. Given their extreme lifespans and unique physiology, turtles represent a promising but underexplored model for studying the evolution of longevity and natural cancer suppression mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":9003,"journal":{"name":"BioScience","volume":"75 9","pages":"699-705"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12412297/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioSciencePub Date : 2025-07-04eCollection Date: 2025-08-01DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biaf089
Masashi Soga, Kevin J Gaston
{"title":"Health benefits of viewing nature through windows: A meta-analysis.","authors":"Masashi Soga, Kevin J Gaston","doi":"10.1093/biosci/biaf089","DOIUrl":"10.1093/biosci/biaf089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Experiencing nature offers numerous health and well-being benefits, particularly for urban residents. Although the benefits of visiting natural environments are well documented, less is known about the health effects of experiencing nature without going outdoors-in particular, viewing it through building windows. This meta-analysis synthesizes findings from 28 studies encompassing 104 results to examine the relationship between window views of nature and human health. Improvements were reported across various physiological, psychological, and physical health measures, with most studies focused on psychological outcomes. The meta-analytic results indicate consistently positive effects, with particularly strong benefits in studies using physiological health measures and focusing on nature in urban settings. Although some publication bias was detected, correcting for it did not change the overall conclusions. These findings highlight the potential of integrating nature views into built environments as a practical strategy for enhancing public health, particularly in urban areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":9003,"journal":{"name":"BioScience","volume":"75 8","pages":"628-636"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12352305/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144871363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioSciencePub Date : 2025-07-03eCollection Date: 2025-07-01DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biaf066
Andréa G Grottoli, Ann Marie Hulver, Rebecca Vega Thurber, Robert J Toonen, Emily R Schmeltzer, Ilsa B Kuffner, Katie L Barott, Iliana B Baums, Karl D Castillo, Leila Chapron, Marie Alice Coffroth, David J Combosch, Adrienne M S Correa, Eric D Crandall, Megan Donahue, Jose M Eirin-Lopez, Thomas Felis, Christine Ferrier-Pagès, Hugo B Harrison, Scott F Heron, Danwei Huang, Adriana Humanes, Carly D Kenkel, Thomas Krueger, Joshua Madin, Mikhail V Matz, Lisa C McManus, Monica Medina, Erinn M Muller, Jacqueline L Padilla-Gamiño, Hollie M Putnam, Yvonne Sawall, Tom Shlesinger, Michael J Sweet, Christian R Voolstra, Vriginia M Weis, Christian Wild, Henry C Wu
{"title":"Future of coral bleaching research.","authors":"Andréa G Grottoli, Ann Marie Hulver, Rebecca Vega Thurber, Robert J Toonen, Emily R Schmeltzer, Ilsa B Kuffner, Katie L Barott, Iliana B Baums, Karl D Castillo, Leila Chapron, Marie Alice Coffroth, David J Combosch, Adrienne M S Correa, Eric D Crandall, Megan Donahue, Jose M Eirin-Lopez, Thomas Felis, Christine Ferrier-Pagès, Hugo B Harrison, Scott F Heron, Danwei Huang, Adriana Humanes, Carly D Kenkel, Thomas Krueger, Joshua Madin, Mikhail V Matz, Lisa C McManus, Monica Medina, Erinn M Muller, Jacqueline L Padilla-Gamiño, Hollie M Putnam, Yvonne Sawall, Tom Shlesinger, Michael J Sweet, Christian R Voolstra, Vriginia M Weis, Christian Wild, Henry C Wu","doi":"10.1093/biosci/biaf066","DOIUrl":"10.1093/biosci/biaf066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coral bleaching is the largest global threat to coral reef ecosystem persistence this century. Advancing our understanding of coral bleaching and developing solutions to protect corals and the reefs they support are critical. In the present article, we, the US National Science Foundation-funded Coral Bleaching Research Coordination Network, outline future directions for coral bleaching research. Specifically, we address the need for embedded inclusiveness, codevelopment, and capacity building as a foundation for excellence in coral bleaching research and the critical role of coral-bleaching science in shaping policy. We outline a path for research innovation and technology and propose the formation of an international coral bleaching consortium that, in coordination with existing multinational organizations, could be a hub for planning, coordinating, and integrating global-scale coral bleaching research, innovation, and mitigation strategies. This proposed strategy for future coral bleaching research could facilitate a step-function change in how we address the coral bleaching crisis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9003,"journal":{"name":"BioScience","volume":"75 7","pages":"585-598"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12345633/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144854312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioSciencePub Date : 2025-06-30eCollection Date: 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biaf063
Sara Bombaci, Cooper Farr, Liba Pejchar, Kate D Wilkins, Tessa Wittman
{"title":"Forward steps, lingering gaps: gender representation among distinguished speakers at professional conferences.","authors":"Sara Bombaci, Cooper Farr, Liba Pejchar, Kate D Wilkins, Tessa Wittman","doi":"10.1093/biosci/biaf063","DOIUrl":"10.1093/biosci/biaf063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plenary speakers serve as role models for early-career scholars, and these talks advance the speakers' careers while celebrating the important scientific contributions of women. Professional conferences are an ideal venue for assessing progress toward equity goals across disciplines. We examined gender disparities among distinguished speakers at North American ecology conferences from 2000 to 2023. We found that women's representation as speakers has increased, especially in the past decade, but they remain underrepresented relative to their proportion among graduate students. Disparities persist across institutions, disciplines, and career stages, particularly for women in later career stages. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic did not notably affect women's representation, and nonbinary genders remain minimally represented, underscoring ongoing challenges in achieving inclusive representation. Although the gender gap has not yet closed, this emerging positive trend for women speakers at professional ecology conferences is encouraging.</p>","PeriodicalId":9003,"journal":{"name":"BioScience","volume":"75 9","pages":"737-746"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12412295/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioSciencePub Date : 2025-06-24eCollection Date: 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biaf049
Maria Grigoratou, Susanne Menden-Deuer, Abigail McQuatters-Gollop, George Arhonditsis, Luis Felipe Artigas, Sakina-Dorothée Ayata, Dalida Bedikoğlu, Beatrix E Beisner, Bingzhang Chen, Claire Davies, Lillian Diarra, Owoyemi W Elegbeleye, Jason D Everett, Tatiane M Garcia, Wendy C Gentleman, Rodrigo Javier Gonçalves, Tamar Guy-Haim, Svenja Halfter, Jana Hinners, Richard R Horaeb, Jenny A Huggett, Catherine L Johnson, Maria T Kavanaugh, Ana Lara-Lopez, Christian Lindemann, Celeste López-Abbate, Monique Messié, Klas Ove Möller, Enrique Montes, Frank E Muller-Karger, Aimee Neeley, Yusuf Olaleye, Artur P Palacz, Alex J Poulton, A E Friederike Prowe, Lavenia Ratnarajah, Luzmila Rodríguez, Clara Natalia Rodríguez-Flórez, Aurea Rodriquez-Santiago, Cecile S Rousseaux, Juan Francisco Saad, Ioulia Santi, Alice Soccodato, Rowena Stern, Selina Våge, Ioanna Varkitzi, Anthony Richardson
{"title":"The immeasurable value of plankton to humanity.","authors":"Maria Grigoratou, Susanne Menden-Deuer, Abigail McQuatters-Gollop, George Arhonditsis, Luis Felipe Artigas, Sakina-Dorothée Ayata, Dalida Bedikoğlu, Beatrix E Beisner, Bingzhang Chen, Claire Davies, Lillian Diarra, Owoyemi W Elegbeleye, Jason D Everett, Tatiane M Garcia, Wendy C Gentleman, Rodrigo Javier Gonçalves, Tamar Guy-Haim, Svenja Halfter, Jana Hinners, Richard R Horaeb, Jenny A Huggett, Catherine L Johnson, Maria T Kavanaugh, Ana Lara-Lopez, Christian Lindemann, Celeste López-Abbate, Monique Messié, Klas Ove Möller, Enrique Montes, Frank E Muller-Karger, Aimee Neeley, Yusuf Olaleye, Artur P Palacz, Alex J Poulton, A E Friederike Prowe, Lavenia Ratnarajah, Luzmila Rodríguez, Clara Natalia Rodríguez-Flórez, Aurea Rodriquez-Santiago, Cecile S Rousseaux, Juan Francisco Saad, Ioulia Santi, Alice Soccodato, Rowena Stern, Selina Våge, Ioanna Varkitzi, Anthony Richardson","doi":"10.1093/biosci/biaf049","DOIUrl":"10.1093/biosci/biaf049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plankton, a diverse group of aquatic organisms, make Earth livable, regulate aquatic life, and provide benefits to human societies such as access to clean water, food security, and well-being. They also support economies and inspire biotechnological innovations. This article aims to raise awareness of the value of plankton to humanity and serves as an informative guide for aquatic professionals, policymakers, and anyone interested in plankton. We present the value of plankton across six themes of human interest: biogeochemistry; ecology; climate; the evolution of science; economy; and culture, recreation, and well-being. Guided by the 2022 Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services values assessment, we introduce the six themes under the Life Framework of Values to offer a comprehensive summary of the significance of plankton to humanity. In addition, we provide examples of plankton variables used in policy frameworks and recommendations for enhancing understanding of their value through long-term sustainable research and monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":9003,"journal":{"name":"BioScience","volume":"75 9","pages":"706-721"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12412299/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioSciencePub Date : 2025-06-20eCollection Date: 2025-08-01DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biaf060
Joel K Abraham, Elizabeth Suazo-Flores, Anupriya Karippadath, Alec Lamond, Susan Maruca, Eli Meir, Stephanie M Gardner
{"title":"The graph construction competency model for biology (GCCM-Bio): A framework for instruction and assessment of graph construction.","authors":"Joel K Abraham, Elizabeth Suazo-Flores, Anupriya Karippadath, Alec Lamond, Susan Maruca, Eli Meir, Stephanie M Gardner","doi":"10.1093/biosci/biaf060","DOIUrl":"10.1093/biosci/biaf060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biologists represent data in visual forms, such as graphs, to aid data analysis and communication. However, students struggle to construct effective graphs. Although some studies explore these difficulties, we lack a comprehensive framework of the knowledge and skills needed to construct graphs in biology. In the present article, we describe the development of the Graph Construction Competency Model for Biology (GCCM-Bio), a framework of the components and activities associated with graph construction. We identified four broad knowledge areas for graph construction in biology: data selection, data exploration, graph assembly, and graph reflection. Under each area, we identified activities undertaken when constructing graphs of biological data and refined the GCCM-Bio through focus groups with experts in biology and statistics education. We also ran a scoping literature review to verify that these activities were represented in the graphing literature. The GCCM-Bio could support instructors, curriculum developers, and researchers when designing instruction and assessment of biology graph construction.</p>","PeriodicalId":9003,"journal":{"name":"BioScience","volume":"75 8","pages":"649-658"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12352301/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144871367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioSciencePub Date : 2025-06-19eCollection Date: 2025-08-01DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biaf069
Karen Anderson, Felipe Gonzalez, Kevin J Gaston
{"title":"Drones in ecology: ten years back and forth.","authors":"Karen Anderson, Felipe Gonzalez, Kevin J Gaston","doi":"10.1093/biosci/biaf069","DOIUrl":"10.1093/biosci/biaf069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A decade after our initial publication predicting that lightweight drones would revolutionize spatial ecology, drone technology has become firmly established in ecological studies. In the present article, we explore the key developments in ecological drone science since 2013, considering plant and animal ecology, imaging and nonimaging workflows, advances in data processing and operational ethics. Focusing on inexpensive, lightweight drones equipped with various sensors, we offer a critical evaluation of drone futures for ecologists, arguing that this could deliver opportunities for volumetric ecology to take flight. We discuss the potential future uses of drones in aerobiology and in understory and underground ecological studies and debate the future of multirobot cooperation from an ecological standpoint. We call on ecologists to engage critically with drone technology in this next phase of development.</p>","PeriodicalId":9003,"journal":{"name":"BioScience","volume":"75 8","pages":"664-680"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12352311/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144871362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BioSciencePub Date : 2025-06-17eCollection Date: 2025-08-01DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biaf065
Richelle L Tanner, Kathryn Wilsterman
{"title":"Beyond diversity initiatives: Building a community of care in scientific societies.","authors":"Richelle L Tanner, Kathryn Wilsterman","doi":"10.1093/biosci/biaf065","DOIUrl":"10.1093/biosci/biaf065","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9003,"journal":{"name":"BioScience","volume":"75 8","pages":"659-663"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12352298/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144871361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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