ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Chamber-Design-Associated In Situ Formation of HepG2 Spheroids in a Perfusable Organ-on-a-Chip.","authors":"Juan Zhang, Hongze Yin, Huiying Yang, Yue Wang, Yichun Xu, Tao Yue","doi":"10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c01462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c01462","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Perfused spheroid platforms enable continuous mass transport, but the role of chamber architecture in in situ spheroid assembly remains insufficiently understood. Here, we developed a perfusable organ-on-a-chip platform for the in situ formation and culture of HepG2 spheroids and compared rectangle-, rhombus-, and round-chamber designs under matched key channel dimensions. Two-dimensional (2D) simulations revealed geometry-associated differences in intragel velocity and shear-rate distributions. Experimentally, chamber design was associated with differences in spheroid morphology, qualified spheroid proportion, and viability, with the round chamber showing the best overall performance under standardized conditions. Rho-associated coiled-coil-containing protein kinase (ROCK) inhibition impaired early spheroid compaction without a significant geometry-dependent treatment effect, whereas Matrigel supplementation improved spheroid morphology, hepatic functional readouts, and viability. Under nominal APAP and TBHP exposure conditions, chip and ultra-low-attachment plate cultures exhibited distinct concentration- and time-dependent injury responses. Together, these findings identify chamber architecture and extracellular matrix (ECM) composition as important design variables in perfused spheroid culture and provide a comparative platform for studying liver spheroid development and drug-induced injury under perfusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":8,"journal":{"name":"ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149126055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatially Controlled Release from Printable Microgels for Embedded Bioprinting.","authors":"Noy Hen, Galia Hendel, Anna Tsukerman, Margarita Shuhmaher Bialik, Maya Davidovich-Pinhas, Shulamit Levenberg, Havazelet Bianco-Peled","doi":"10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c00976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c00976","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Granular hydrogels composed of jammed microgels have emerged as promising biomaterials for 3D bioprinting due to their tunable viscoelastic properties and ability to incorporate bioactive molecules and encapsulate cells within the interstitial spaces between the particles. Here, we present a new strategy to achieve spatially controlled release of bioactive molecules using κ-carrageenan microgels having a triple role as a printable bioink, a supportive matrix, and a carrier for bioactive molecules. To enable molecule incorporation, we employed a freeze-drying and absorption loading technique and demonstrated that trehalose preserves microgel morphology and rheological properties. Release kinetics of small (fluorescein) and large (BSA) model molecules revealed sustained diffusion-driven release. The microgels retained their printability and flow properties after rehydration and enabled precise printing within a granular support material. As a proof of concept, we directed human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (hADMSC) differentiation into adipocytes by printing microgels loaded with an adipogenic medium at distinct regions within the support material. Differentiation was confirmed via lipid droplet staining and quantitative analysis. A significantly greater lipid accumulation was observed in hADMSC constructs located within defined, spatially patterned ADP-loaded microgels compared with constructs located in the surrounding region. Our findings demonstrate the potential of this platform for engineering complex, multicellular constructs with region-specific biochemical microenvironments through embedded bioprinting.</p>","PeriodicalId":8,"journal":{"name":"ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149126118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidant Zein/ACP/Epigallocatechin Gallate Composite Scaffold for Reactive Oxygen Species-Scavenging and Bidirectional Regulation of Bone Remodeling.","authors":"Jing Han, Jianyuan Qiu, Zhaoqing Gong, Wenying Wang, Guojian Zhou, Kun Ge, Liqing Lu, Guoqiang Zhou","doi":"10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c01376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c01376","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Overcoming oxidative stress resulting from reactive oxygen species (ROS) overload in the microenvironment of bone injury is crucial for bone repair. This study developed a multifunctional composite scaffold composed of zein, adenosine-calcium phosphate (ACP), and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) for enhanced bone regeneration through antioxidant activity. For the preparation of the Zein/ACP/EGCG (Z/A/E) composite scaffold, ACP nanoparticles were first synthesized using an enzymatic reaction and characterized by SEM, EDS, FTIR, and XRD. ACP nanoparticles showed great biocompatibility and osteoinductivity within a certain dose range in vitro. A three-dimensional (3D) porous Zein/ACP (Z/A) composite scaffold was fabricated by compression molding and particulate leaching, followed by the adsorption of EGCG onto its surface. The final Z/A/E composite scaffold exhibited enhanced surface hydrophilicity, which facilitated the adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of osteoblasts. Mechanistically, the Z/A/E composite scaffold promoted osteogenesis while concurrently inhibiting osteoclastogenesis, primarily through its ROS-scavenging capability. The bidirectional regulation of bone remodeling by the Z/A/E composite scaffold was demonstrated by significant repair of hydrogen peroxide-induced calvarial defects in ex vivo cultured explants from neonatal mice, confirmed by μ-CT and histological evaluation. Collectively, this Z/A/E composite scaffold, which leverages antioxidant activity to rebalance bone homeostasis, represents a promising strategy for bone regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":8,"journal":{"name":"ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formation of Coacervates from Charged Polypeptides for Cryopreservation.","authors":"Zhenghua Zeng, Liang Yuan, Kongying Zhu, Lixia Ren, Xiaoyan Yuan","doi":"10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c01215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c01215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bioinspired antifreeze polypeptides can be used as macromolecular cryoprotectants, but the wide application of charged polypeptides remains a challenge for cell cryopreservation due to the possible membrane-destructive activity. In this work, positively charged poly(l-methionine) derivatives tethering threonine-mimetic methyl and hydroxyl groups (PMOH) are synthesized, which can form coacervates with anionic γ-poly(glutamic acid) (PGA) with or without trehalose via liquid-liquid phase separation. The coacervate consisting of PMOH and PGA each at 20 mg/mL with 0.2 M trehalose exhibits a strong ice recrystallization inhibition activity with a mean largest grain size of 22.2 ± 1.9% relative to PBS, attributable to the depressed diffusion of water molecules through the highly confined water and contribution of trehalose. The coacervation of PMOH/PGA could also promote ice nucleation owing to the charged nature of the polymers. Actually, the PMOH/PGA coacervates show acceptable cytocompatibility and cryopreservative effects on cell cryopreservation by reducing half of the dimethyl sulfoxide dosage. This work offers a valuable strategy for the utility of charged polypeptides in cryopreservation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8,"journal":{"name":"ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating Surface Free Energy, Thermal Properties, and Protein Adsorption of 3D-Printed PAEK Polymers.","authors":"Paul M DeSantis, Tabitha Derr, Abigail Tetteh, Gwyneth Steele, Hannah Spece, Steven M Kurtz","doi":"10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c00745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c00745","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is often considered the standard non-metal alternative for orthopedic implants, it is also just one member of a larger family of polyaryletherketones (PAEKs) that have not been as thoroughly studied for biomedical applications. This work aims to evaluate the surface properties of two medical-grade PEEKs (Types 1 and 2), two grades of polyetherketoneketone (PEKK A and C), and one low-melt PAEK, and to understand how these results correlate with protein adsorption. The surface free energy (SFE) of additively manufactured PAEK samples was measured using the Owens, Wendt, Rabel, and Kaelble (OWRK) method. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to evaluate the thermal properties of these samples, and protein adsorption was quantified after immersion in bovine serum albumin (BSA) and fetal bovine serum (FBS). Despite both being classified as PEEK, Types 1 and 2 exhibited significant differences in water contact angle (89.55° vs 76.15°) and in the polar component of SFE (0.02 vs 1.57 mN/m) (p < 0.05). After 8 h of immersion in BSA, PEKK A had significantly more protein adsorption than all other groups, and in FBS, PEKK A and Type 2 PEEK both had significantly more protein adsorption than Type 1 PEEK (p < 0.05). Using a Pearson analysis, a significant correlation was found between the polar component of SFE and protein adsorption in FBS after 8 h (p < 0.05). This work demonstrates that innate differences in surface properties exist among members of the same PAEK material family, and that these differences can substantially influence protein adsorption.</p>","PeriodicalId":8,"journal":{"name":"ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149101004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineering Enhanced Interface Attachment for Sustained Ocular Drug Delivery: Mussel Foot Protein Incorporated Pullulan/Gellan Gum Nanofibers.","authors":"Constanze Zwies, Henrike Lucas, Marie-Luise Trutschel, Joana Heinzelmann, Arne Viestenz, Karsten Mäder, Franziska Seifert, Ahmad Hivechi","doi":"10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c01302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c01302","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Effective treatment of ocular inflammation is hindered by limited drug uptake and rapid clearance, resulting in poor bioavailability and frequent dosing of conventional eye drops. To improve drug retention and bioavailability, we designed and manufactured electrospun mucoadhesive nanofibers based on modified mussel foot protein (mMefp-3). Their composition and small diameter (≈250 nm) provide a high surface area, enabling rapid water uptake and in situ gelation on the ocular surface. SEM, light, and fluorescence microscopy confirmed homogeneous, smooth, and bead-free fibers. Ocular residence studies demonstrated prolonged retention and a shift from first-order to zero-order clearance kinetics. In vitro cell culture assays with fibroblasts, and corneal epithelial cells confirmed the biocompatibility of mMefp-3 loaded nanofiber constructs. These findings demonstrate that mMefp-3 incorporation enhances ocular drug residence while maintaining biocompatibility, making these nanofibers a promising ocular drug delivery system.</p>","PeriodicalId":8,"journal":{"name":"ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Modular Bottlebrush Polymer Platform for Decoupled Antibacterial and Antifouling Strategies against Wound Infections.","authors":"Chang-Sheng Wang, Cecile Berne, Hu Zhang, Karine Dufresne, Wojciech Raj, Alessia Filippini, Hui Guo, Hermine Counil, Quoc Thang Phan, Duy Anh Pham, Nahid Hassanpour, Qiang Peng, Tzu-Hsuan Huang, Florina G Halmac, Yves V Brun, Xavier Banquy","doi":"10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c01161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c01161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Surface-associated and device-related bacterial infections require materials that can both eliminate pathogens and prevent microbial colonization. However, antibacterial activity in solution and antifouling performance at interfaces are governed by distinct physicochemical principles, making their integration within a single material challenging. Here, we report a modular bottlebrush polymer (BBP) platform that decouples these functions through architectural design. A library of seven BBPs with monoblock and ABA triblock architectures was synthesized to independently control side-chain charge distribution and interfacial hydration. Multivalent cationic side chains promoted efficient bacterial killing in solution, whereas hydrated PEG or zwitterionic bottlebrush layers anchored by cationic termini formed stable antifouling coatings. In diabetic mice, the BBPs showed no evidence of local irritation, systemic toxicity, or impaired wound healing. In an infected wound model, bactericidal BBPs reduced bacterial burden, while antifouling BBPs suppressed local inflammation. Their combined application improved therapeutic outcomes, demonstrating the benefit of a functionally decoupled strategy. Collectively, these findings establish a generalizable architectural framework for designing multifunctional anti-infective materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":8,"journal":{"name":"ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Herb-Derived Carbon Dots.","authors":"Xiuzhi Guo, Meizhe Yu, Hongyang Wang, Ning Xin, Mengmeng Yu, Xiaonan Tan, Chuanzhi Kang, Xiaodong Xing","doi":"10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c00958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c00958","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Herbs possess a long history of medicinal use and abundant pharmacological activities. However, the inherent limitations of their poor bioavailability often restrict their therapeutic efficacy. In recent years, carbon dots (CDs) have shown great potential in biomedical applications owing to their excellent optical properties, good biocompatibility, low toxicity, and small size. Using herbs as precursors to prepare CDs can preserve the \"multicomponent, multitarget\" characteristics of the crude herbs, enhance and transform their functions through nanoscale effects, offering unique advantages in biomedicine. Quantitative analysis of 121 entries reveals that herb-derived CDs typically exhibit particle sizes of 1-6 nm (mean ≈ 3.4 nm), quantum yields up to 0.67 (mean ≈ 0.11), and broad emission tunability (400-730 nm), with 51 reports including in vivo biosafety testing, all of which showed no obvious toxicity. Based on the latest advances in herb-derived CDs, this review focuses on precursor selection, pretreatment, and synthesis methods. Furthermore, it discusses their applications in biomedicine, bioimaging, and sensing in detail. Finally, a summary and outlook for this significant and promising field are provided. We hope that this review will offer valuable insights for researchers developing herb-derived CDs and contribute to the ongoing modernization and sustainable development of traditional Chinese medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":8,"journal":{"name":"ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural Polymer-Based Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering: A Review of Materials, Function, and Translation.","authors":"Ziyun Huang, Huilin Zhao, Zengzilu Xia, Jingxi Wang, Kaiyong Cai","doi":"10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c00767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c00767","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Scaffold-based bone tissue engineering (BTE) represents a pivotal strategy in regenerative medicine, offering substantial promise for repairing damaged bone. These scaffolds provide essential structural support and promote new bone formation by mimicking the native extracellular matrix (ECM). The rational design of an ideal scaffold requires careful balancing of biomaterial properties with biomechanical performance. Natural polymers have gained considerable attention in this context due to their inherent bioactivity, biocompatibility, and tunable mechanical properties. Their key advantage lies in their ability to replicate the complex architecture and function of bone ECM, thereby facilitating cellular interactions and tissue ingrowth. Recent progress in the processing and assembly of natural polymers has enabled innovative scaffold designs, including hydrogels as well as fibrous and porous architectures. These advances allow for the fabrication of scaffolds with precisely tailored features, such as optimal stiffness, controlled pore sizes, and surface topographies conducive to cell adhesion and differentiation. Furthermore, degradation kinetics can be adjusted to match the rate of new tissue formation. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the role of natural polymers in BTE. It critically discusses state-of-the-art fabrication techniques and highlights the critical physicochemical and biological properties that determine scaffold performance. By consolidating these key aspects, the review aims to identify current challenges and outline future directions for the development of natural polymer-based scaffolds. Ultimately, this work seeks to offer practical guidance for the rational design and translational advancement of these materials in bone regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":8,"journal":{"name":"ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computationally Guided Engineering of Short Peptides for Targeted RNA-Loaded pBAE Nanoparticles.","authors":"Vladimir Stamenković, Mislav Brajković, Coral Garcia-Fernandez, Salvador Borrós, Xevi Biarnés, Cristina Fornaguera","doi":"10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c00945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c00945","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nanoparticles encapsulating therapeutic RNA have emerged as a transformative strategy in precision medicine, enabling a wide range of applications such as gene therapy for rare diseases, the silencing of toxic gene products, and the mobilization of the immune system to induce specific responses ranging from immune tolerance to fighting tumors. However, most current preclinical and clinical efforts rely on non-targeted delivery systems, limiting their safety, therapeutic efficacy, and selectivity. To enhance the therapeutic index of RNA-based therapeutic systems, we report on the design of a novel Clec9A-targeted polymeric nanoparticle aimed at exploring strategies to enhance delivery toward CLEC9A-expressing immune cells as a proof of concept in the field of mRNA vaccination. We began by evaluating in silico the binding potential of the previously reported 12-amino-acid WH peptide, known for its high affinity to mouse Clec9A, the human ortholog. Using computational tools, we designed and screened truncated variants of the peptide and identified promising candidates with retained, or even enhanced, binding capacity to human Clec9A. These optimized short peptides were synthesized and covalently conjugated to our proprietary poly(beta-amino ester) (pBAE) polymers. We evaluated the impact of the conjugation site on receptor targeting by comparing terminal versus lateral chain attachment. We show that peptide orientation significantly influences transfection efficiency in human THP-1 cells, used as a monocytic robust in vitro model. Additionally, we computationally generated and validated shorter mutant peptide variants with improved Clec9A affinity over the original sequences. Our findings demonstrate that rationally engineered short peptides improve transfection in a human monocytic cell model, which is consistent with the proposed Clec9A-targeting strategy suggested by computational modeling. This strategy lays the groundwork for the next generation of targeted RNA-based (immune)therapeutics, offering improved selectivity and consequent therapeutic potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":8,"journal":{"name":"ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}