Journal of social, behavioral and health sciences最新文献

{"title":"Assessing Companion Animal Attachment Among Future Latino Human Services Professionals","authors":"Yuleinys A. Castillo, Roy K. Chen","doi":"10.5590/jsbhs.2022.16.1.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5590/jsbhs.2022.16.1.13","url":null,"abstract":"As the population of individuals from minoritized ethnic background continues to grow in the United States, the relationship between humans and their companion animals can provide valuable information for human services professionals. Attachment to companion animals can play a significant part in clients’ emotional well-being, family dynamics, and quality of life. This study aimed to examine the associations between human attachment with companion animals and their educational training and attitudes about animals. Analysis revealed that relational attachment was significant among Latino students in the study, and particpants’ positive attitudes and beliefs about animals significantly predicted their level of attachment to companion animals. Participants also reported having diverse species of companion animals that demanded different responsibilities. Considerations to enhance service delivery and educational preparation of future human services professionals have implications for humane education and improved client outcomes.","PeriodicalId":89999,"journal":{"name":"Journal of social, behavioral and health sciences","volume":"111 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80581169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Control of Water Sanitation and Hygiene Related Disease Through Community Hygiene Club Intervention in Rwanda","authors":"Amans Ntakarutimana, E. Nyandwi, N. Rujeni, C. Ingabire, K. Njunwa, Théoneste Ntakirutimana, G. Rwanyiziri, J. Tuyishimire, Schaddrack Ngabonziza","doi":"10.5590/jsbhs.2022.16.1.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5590/jsbhs.2022.16.1.14","url":null,"abstract":"This article consists of a review article reporting the results of previous evaluations of the control of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) related disease through the Community Hygiene Club (CHC) intervention from 2010 to 2020. CHC constitutes the main intervention for the control of WASH-related disease in Rwanda and is implemented countrywide. The study objective was to evaluate if the CHC intervention significantly reduced the prevalence of WASH-related disease after 10 years of its implementation in Rwanda. The study utilized online existing policy documents, research reports, and experiences on the CHC intervention in Rwanda published between 2010 and 2020. We selected and reviewed 12 published documents, and the evaluation followed the steps proposed by ACHI (2020) Health Impact Assessment (HIA) and related frameworks of effective implementation of community health interventions. The primary outcome measure used was the reduction of WASH-related disease while the secondary outcome measure used was the increase of household WASH practices at less than a 5% level of statistical significance. We also described the structure and the implementation process of the CHC intervention. From the case studies where frameworks of effective implementation of community health interventions were applied, the study results showed the intervention significantly (a) increased households’ WASH practices and (b) reduced WASH-related disease. Due to limited publications in the research area and the lack of association of the WASH-related diseases and practices to the CHC intervention’s evaluation for most of published research reports, we recommend additional field data for an extended conclusion and its generalization in Rwanda. The study highlights the need to use appropriate frameworks in the evaluation of community health interventions to (a) attribute the outcome to the intervention and (b) easily identify the shortcomings in case of failure to get expected outcomes.","PeriodicalId":89999,"journal":{"name":"Journal of social, behavioral and health sciences","volume":"44 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78645165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Parent-Led Applied Behavior Analysis at Improving Outcomes for Parents of Autistic Children","authors":"Lindsey Sneed, Doreen Samelson","doi":"10.5590/jsbhs.2022.16.1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5590/jsbhs.2022.16.1.12","url":null,"abstract":"The current study sought to understand the effect of parent-led applied behavior analyses (ABA), in comparison to practitioner-led applied behavior analysis, on parental stress and parental self-efficacy. To do this, we analyzed secondary data from a large behavioral health provider for individuals with autism spectrum disorder. We conducted a regression analysis to understand the relationship between parental stress and parental self-efficacy and a two-way mixed ANOVA to evaluate if differences existed between parent-led and practitioner-led ABA on parental stress and parental self-efficacy. The regression analysis included parents of 2,276 children with autism spectrum disorder and the comparison analysis of parent-led and practitioner-led applied behavior analysis included 152 children with autism spectrum disorder, with 76 participants in each group. The analysis found parental self-efficacy predicts 21% of parenting stress with a significant negative relationship. The results of the comparison between parent-led and practitioner-led ABA resulted in a significant difference in parental self-efficacy, whereby the parent-led group exhibited a significant increase in parental self-efficacy while the practitioner-led group did not. These results further support the efficacy of parent-mediated treatment for children with autism spectrum disorder and underscore the importance of significant inclusion of parents into ABA treatment.","PeriodicalId":89999,"journal":{"name":"Journal of social, behavioral and health sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83514517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Counseling Active-Duty Female Service Members who have Experienced Sexual Assault: A Guide for Professional Counselors","authors":"Rebekah Cole, R. Cowan, T. Quintana","doi":"10.5590/jsbhs.2022.16.1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5590/jsbhs.2022.16.1.11","url":null,"abstract":"Sexual assault is a prevailing problem for active duty women in the United States military. We explore the unique nature of military culture and explain the military’s dual pathway process for reporting sexual assault. In addition, we describe, in depth, evidence-based theoretical approaches applicable for counselors to use in their work with female service members who are survivors of sexual assault. Finally, we discuss sexual assault resources available to military clients and the steps counselors can take to engage in advocacy for and with this population.","PeriodicalId":89999,"journal":{"name":"Journal of social, behavioral and health sciences","volume":"298 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73571789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental Health, Chronic Disease, and Substance Use: Findings From Rural Texas","authors":"S. Gandhi, Ryan Glaman, Elizabeth Wachira, Muna Bashir, Sushma Sharma, Chelsea Mowles, Jasmine Luttrell","doi":"10.5590/jsbhs.2022.16.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5590/jsbhs.2022.16.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"There are vital links among mental health conditions, chronic diseases, and substance use disorders. Simultaneous examination of the relationship among these three conditions is essential for providing well-integrated care to rural residents who have limited resources and for representing medically underserved areas. We aimed to assess the burden of behavioral health conditions and chronic diseases from a rural Texas community to garner context-specific insights and inform effective health promotion strategies in similar communities. We conducted a cross-sectional study among 181 residents from various zip codes in a rural Texas county. A self-administered, 18-item health-needs questionnaire was used to collect data from the participants. Of the total participants, 30.0% reported mental health conditions, 16.0% reported substance use disorders, and 44.2% reported having at least one type of chronic disease. Overall, mental health conditions were associated with substance use disorders [OR: 1.58 (95% CI: 0.73–2.42)] and chronic disease [OR: 1.07 (95% CI: 0.39–1.75)], but no associations were observed between substance use and chronic disease [OR: 0.62 (95% CI: -0.20–1.43)]. The economic and accessibility barriers that rural residents commonly face call attention to the need for integrated care that combines primary care and behavioral health services.","PeriodicalId":89999,"journal":{"name":"Journal of social, behavioral and health sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87589830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health and Physical Fitness Profiles of Security Guards at an Urban University in South Africa","authors":"Meenal Morar, Y. Coopoo, H. Noorbhai","doi":"10.25159/2957-3645/10803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25159/2957-3645/10803","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we documented the value and importance of health and fitness of male and female security guards at an urban university in South Africa. We invited 84 participants to determine their health, selected fitness profiles and work readiness. We used four questionnaires, namely the physical activity readiness questionnaire, the medical history questionnaire, the lifestyle evaluation questionnaire, and the heart risk factor questionnaire. These questionnaires assisted with risk factor classification for the study cohort. Health and selected fitness parameters were also tested. Descriptive data were analysed using means and standard deviations for each variable. Comparisons between the male and female participants were made to find any statistically significant differences. A t-test was used to analyse the means between the gender groups. The correlation coefficient was used to determine the relationships between the variables. The results indicate that the female participants were less fit than the male participants; however, the fitness results were similar to the general population, which should be much higher as such occupations require higher levels of fitness. In this study, we provide recommendations for developing health and fitness protocols (for protection service personnel) in the field of health and fitness, and practical implications that can be utilised for both protective personnel and broader society.","PeriodicalId":89999,"journal":{"name":"Journal of social, behavioral and health sciences","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90634961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"She’s Just Not That Into Me: Sexual Self-Concept Among Heterosexual Men Who Identify as Involuntary Celibates","authors":"Kyle J Justin, Dustin K. Shepler, Joseph R Kinel","doi":"10.5590/jsbhs.2022.16.1.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5590/jsbhs.2022.16.1.09","url":null,"abstract":"Emerging adult men experiencing involuntary celibacy are increasingly self-identifying as “incels.” Popular culture has painted a negative view of incel men. Nonetheless, almost no research has addressed the experiences of incels or systematically compared incels to their peers to identify whether actual differences exist in psychological functioning. In this study, we surveyed a total of 129 emerging adult men (75 incels and 54 non-incels) to determine if and how incels differ from their non-incel peers. MANOVA results indicated that incels disproportionately struggled with low self-esteem, social anxiety, difficulty approaching women, and optimism about partnered sexual experiences compared to their non-incel peers. Incels also endorsed concepts related to social hierarchies, which suggested a vulnerability to gender role strain related to current hegemonic notions of masculinity. Such concerns have implications for psychotherapeutic intervention and may additionally facilitate understanding of how hegemonic masculinity may impact sexual self-concept.","PeriodicalId":89999,"journal":{"name":"Journal of social, behavioral and health sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84740114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in Attachment, Resilience, and Negative Affect in Non-Treatment-Seeking and Treatment-Seeking EMS Professionals","authors":"Jose Carbajal, Warren N. Ponder, L. Malthaner, K. Shahan, K. Jetelina, Jeanine M. Galusha, Donna L. Schuman","doi":"10.5590/jsbhs.2022.16.1.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5590/jsbhs.2022.16.1.08","url":null,"abstract":"Emergency medical service (EMS) professionals have a stressful vocation, inarguably worsened by the COVID-19 pandemic, which affects their mental health and makes them a vulnerable population warranting further study. However, to date, no published research has compared non-treatment and treatment-seeking EMS professionals in the same greater metropolitan area. In this study, we examined differences and similarities among the non-treatment-seeking EMS professionals (n = 57) from a local EMS agency and treatment-seeking EMS personnel (n = 53) from a non-profit community treatment center on six assessment instruments that measure attachment avoidance, attachment anxiety, resilience, depression, generalized anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and suicidality. The Mann-Whitney U test revealed attachment avoidance, attachment anxiety, depression, generalized anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were significantly higher in the treatment-seeking sample compared to the non-treatment-seeking group. Resilience and suicide did not significantly differ. Correlational analyses revealed that the most consistent findings for both samples were PTSD, depression, and generalized anxiety. Findings suggest that negative affect may underlie these three constructs, regardless of whether the individual is treatment-seeking or not. These findings are conceptualized through three different theoretical frameworks: attachment, resilience, and negative affect. We also make recommendations for EMS agencies and suggest future scholarship based on these preliminary findings.","PeriodicalId":89999,"journal":{"name":"Journal of social, behavioral and health sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88457021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociability Moderates the Negative Association Between COVID-Related Disruptions and Life Satisfaction","authors":"Amna Khan, K. Fiori","doi":"10.5590/jsbhs.2022.16.1.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5590/jsbhs.2022.16.1.06","url":null,"abstract":"Disruptions in individuals’ lives during the COVID-19 pandemic have been associated with increased mental health problems and decreases in life satisfaction, although recent research indicates that these effects are not uniform across individuals. The purpose of the present study was to examine the role of sociability in moderating the association between COVID-related disruptions and life satisfaction in a sample of adults. Using data from an online survey given to N = 166 adults, COVID-19 disruptions related to conflicts with household members or roommates and disruptions in care during the pandemic were negatively associated with life satisfaction. Sociability was found to moderate the associations between COVID-related disruptions in social interactions and life satisfaction; specifically, high sociability was found to possibly intensify the negative association between disruptions and life satisfaction. The findings of this study indicate that sociability may have been a liability during the pandemic, serving to worsen the potential negative effects of social distancing. Although future research is needed to better understand the mechanisms to explain these effects, the findings from the present study can be used to inform future interventions to help individuals better navigate social disruptions.","PeriodicalId":89999,"journal":{"name":"Journal of social, behavioral and health sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78510985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Literature Review: Generating a South African-Based Theory on the Development of Violent Youth Behaviour in South Africa","authors":"Helena Catharina Erasmus","doi":"10.25159/2957-3645/10424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25159/2957-3645/10424","url":null,"abstract":"The article is aimed towards guiding the reader along the road I have travelled towards realising the importance of generating South African theories on youth violence for improved violence prevention interventions. The article reflects important insights that I have developed on the way in which the predictability of violence is investigated. These insights revolve around the study of risk and protective factors, the development of models predicting the future occurrence of violence, and theories used to explain the development of youth violence. Challenges identified are that psychological mechanisms are not accounted for when working with risk and protective factors and predictive models, that youth violence is mostly studied under an umbrella term reflecting a collection of youth offences, and that some studies on violent behaviour separate violent behaviour from the context in which it took place. The solution presented is embedded in the generation of theory using the grounded theory methodology, with the aim to redress the challenges to better inform programme theories in prevention programmes for youth violence.","PeriodicalId":89999,"journal":{"name":"Journal of social, behavioral and health sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84463496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}