Biochemistry and analytical biochemistry : current research最新文献

{"title":"Study on \"Pre-analytical Errors in a Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory:\" The Hidden Flaws in Total Testing","authors":"Sushma Bj, C Shrikant","doi":"10.35248/2161-1009.19.8.374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2161-1009.19.8.374","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of the study: The aim and objective of the present study was, to enumerate and evaluate different types of pre-analytical errors in the clinical biochemistry laboratory and to compare the frequency of errors in the pre-analytical phase of testing before and after training the technical staff posted in the clinical biochemistry laboratory. Materials and methods: A prospective Study was conducted at Dept. of Biochemistry, CIMS, Bilaspur. Chhattisgarh Institute of Medical Sciences, a tertiary care hospital cum medical college in Bilaspur for the period of 4 months from August 2016 to December 2016. During this period, different types of pre-analytical errors were monitored. Results: Of the 19,411 samples received during the study period, 670 samples were found to be unsuitable for testing, accounting for 3.45% of the rejection. All these samples were rejected due to different types of pre-analytical errors that are due to wrong identification (0.26%), missing samples (0.05%), draw from IV site (0.07%), inadequate samples (1.02%), wrong timing of sample collection (0.06%), hemolysed samples (1.83%) and lipemic samples (0.28%). Conclusion: Of all the samples received in the clinical biochemistry laboratory, the overall percentage of rejection is 3.45%. We also found that, there was reduction in the frequency of errors before and after training the staff.","PeriodicalId":89896,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and analytical biochemistry : current research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69980056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluorescent Synthetic Receptors for Signaling Hydrogen Sulphide in Living Systems","authors":"Kaloo Ma, Shah Wa, Bhat Ba, M. Gani","doi":"10.35248/2161-1009.19.8.375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2161-1009.19.8.375","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we have compiled literature wherein various attempts regarding design and development of abiotic molecular receptors amid fluorescent signaling response for selective detection of various sulphur species (H2S, HS-, SO32- S2-) in living cells has been presented. We have specifically compiled the literature which presents the molecular systems deciphering the real-time potential for targeting mentioned chemical species under biological conditions or living cells. With regard to the chemical aspects of designed receptors, focus has been primarily diverted towards interaction of analyte with the receptor molecule at active site. The interaction driven output as a result of electronic modulation in the molecule has been discussed besides detection limit of the analyte. In addition to all this, we have also summarized the conditions for tracking of various Sulphur species in biosystems. The proposed receptors from the literature have been categorized into five classes depending on the mechanism of encounter between analyte and receptor molecule responsible for fluorescence signaling.","PeriodicalId":89896,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and analytical biochemistry : current research","volume":"260 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69980087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of High and Low Glycemic Load of Different Nigerian Food Forms on Rats Brain and Heart Mitochondrial Integrity","authors":"Egwim Ec, Yakubu G","doi":"10.35248/2161-1009.19.8.377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2161-1009.19.8.377","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was designed to investigate the effect of glycemic load (GL) on brain and cardiac mitochondrial integrity. The effect of high glycemic load (HGL) and low glycemic load (LGL) diets on the generation of free radicals and its consequent effect on brain and cardiac mitochondrial were assessed. The effect of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) on the activities of electron transport chain (ETC) was examined. A significant decline in enzyme activities of complex I, III and IV were observed, for both brain and cardiac mitochondria ETC. Brain rotenone-sensitive complex I activities decreased by 49.20% (p>0.05) in HGL-fed rats, while antimycin-a sensitive complex III decreased by 19.80% (p>0.05). Same phenomenon was observed in potassium cyanide (KCN)-sensitive complex IV (cytochrome c oxidase), which decreased by 30.17% (p>0.05). For cardiac mitochondrial complexes, Rotenone-sensitive complex I decreased by 25.45% (p>0.05) in HGL fed group, while antimycin-a sensitive complex III activity decreased by 24.78% (p>0.05). Glycemic related changes were also observed in KCN-sensitive complex IV with a decrease of 21.18% (p>0.05). Enzyme activities in both brain and cardiac mitochondrial homogenates decrease minimally in LGL fed rats, compared with the control. Thiol group content, total protein and malondialdehyde (MDA) were found to be significantly elevated in rats fed with HGL diet. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzymes activities decreased in both brain and cardiac mitochondria of rats fed with HGL diets. It can be concluded that low glycemic load diet sustains the mitochondrial integrity. Whereas, HGL diets induced oxidative stress and degenerates antioxidant enzymes activities in brain and heart mitochondria; thereby inducing loss of mitochondrial integrity.","PeriodicalId":89896,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and analytical biochemistry : current research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69979814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Sex Steroid Priming on Growth Hormone Stimulation Test in Tertiary Care Hospital Settings Rawalpindi","authors":"Q. Ain, Noreen, W. Sheikh, H. Akhtar, Naveed Asif, S. Naz, Naqvi Sa","doi":"10.35248/2161-1009.19.8.379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2161-1009.19.8.379","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine association of Sex steroid priming on Growth hormone stimulation test in tertiary care hospital settings Rawalpindi. Study design: Cross sectional study. Place and duration of study: Department of Chemical Pathology and Endocrinology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP) Rawalpindi from January 2018 to June 2018. Methodology: This study was a cross-sectional study conducted after the Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval at AFIP from January 2018 to June 2018. Data was collected from 149 children of 9-13 year of age reported to endocrinology clinic AFIP, after informed consent. Inclusion criteria included healthy adults with age of 9-13 years with no minor or subclinical illness or endocrinology disorders like hypothyroid, Cushing syndrome or Addison disease. Patients with comorbidity like cancer, tuberculosis and bed ridden patients were excluded from study. Sampling technique was non probability convenience sampling which was done in endocrine clinic of AFIP. Results: A total of 149 patients were inducted in study who visited Endocrine clinic in AFIP. Mean age of participants was 9.9 ± 3.9 year while 96 (64.4%) were male and 52 (34.9%) were female. Total of 149 patients there were 100 (67.1%) patients were below 3rd percentile, while 44 (29.5%) were above 3rd percentile but below 50th percentile and 4 (2.7%) were at 50th percentile. Independent T test was applied for Priming and response level after growth hormone stimulation test and it gives significant level (P value=0.00) which is considered significant (P value <0.05). Conclusion: This study concluded that priming after sex steroids can effect on growth hormone level in pre pubertal children’s and it will help in appropriate diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency.","PeriodicalId":89896,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and analytical biochemistry : current research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69979927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical and Anti-microbial Screening of Phyllantus fratenus and Taraxacuim officinale Leaves","authors":"Marcus Ac, E. Os, Maduagu Mc","doi":"10.35248/2161-1009.19.8.376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2161-1009.19.8.376","url":null,"abstract":"Dry and powdered leaves of Phyllantus fratenus and, Taraxacum officinale were subjected to different solvent extraction using chloroform, methanol and hexane. The extracts were examined for the phytochemical components present in them. It was observed that in Phyllantus fratenus; fats and oil, tannins, saponins, coumarins were present the chloroform extract, alkaloids, glycosides, tannins and coumarins were present in the methanol extracts and in the hexane extract, alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids and coumarins were present. In Taraxacum officinale; alkaloids, fats and oil, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids and steroids were present in chloroform extracts, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids and steroids were present in the methanol extract and in hexane extract, it was only alkaloids and terpenoids that were present. The microbial activity of the various solvent extracts of the different plants showed that the chloroform extracts of both plants were active against S. aureus, and V. cholerae, but it was only T. officinale extract that was active against E. coli. In the hexane extracts of both plants, the growth of S. aureus was inhibited in both plants extract, V. cholerae growth was only inhibited in P. fratenus extract and E. coli was only inhibited in T. officinale extract. In the methanol extracts of both plants, S. aureus was inhibited in T. officinale extract, V. cholerae was inhibited in both plant extracts and E. coli was only inhibited in T. officinale extract. The observations on the antimicrobial activities of the various plant extracts indicated the reasons of their applications in herbal drug dispensation.","PeriodicalId":89896,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and analytical biochemistry : current research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69980177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Pollen-Quantitative, Bromatological and Physicochemical of Honeys Commercialized in Nuevo Leon, Mexico","authors":"Alej, Ramos Estrada, Marco Antonio Alvarado Vázquez, Denisse M Rosales Carrillo, M. Lucio","doi":"10.35248/2161-1009.19.8.383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2161-1009.19.8.383","url":null,"abstract":"Honey is a natural sweet substance produced by bees from plant nectar or secretions from live plant parts or from plant-sucking insect excretions. Bees collect, transform and combine these with their own specific substances and deposit, dehydrate, store and leave them on the hive to mature and age. Mexico is the fourth largest honey producer in the world. Eight honey samples were studied considering aspects palynological, bromatological and physicochemical. Regarding pollen richness, these honeys belong to Class II and III, which correspond to pollen-rich honeys. Regarding moisture, values from 10.55% for S1 honey to 18.14% for LC were found. For ash, LC honey had a lower percentage (0.07%) while EM honey had a greater percentage (0.42%). A maximum protein value of 0.63% was found, corresponding to EC honey. All the honeys analyzed were within the reference values (89.29% for honey S2 and 81.66% for LC) for nitrogen-free extract. Regarding ethereal extract, values of 0.01% and 0.08% were found while water activity (aw) in the honey had values from 0.55 to 0.65. The pH of the honeys was between 3.73 and 4.16. The electrical conductivity of the honeys analyzed was between 0.27 and 0.50 mS/cm. Reducing sugars content was between 63.72 and 84.33%, corresponding to EC and ADA honeys, respectively. The results of this study indicate that the honeys analyzed are within the National and International standards.","PeriodicalId":89896,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and analytical biochemistry : current research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69980605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute and Sub-Chronic Toxicity Evaluation of Triplotaxis stellulifera (Benth.) Hutch and Crasssocephalum bougheyanum C.D . Adams Methanol Extract on Mice","authors":"Nfozon Jn, C. Tume, N Kdjo, Boyom Ff, Leonard Sf, Dzoyem Jp, S Metinou","doi":"10.35248/2161-1009.19.8.385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2161-1009.19.8.385","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Triplotaxis stellulifera and Crasssocephalum bougheyanum are two medicinal plants used in traditional medicine but little information are available on them. The objective of this study was to evaluate oral acute and subchronic toxicity of methanol extract of Triplotaxis stellulifera and Crasssocephalum bougheyanum. Methods: Acute toxicity was evaluated in mice by administrating a single dose of 5000 mg/kg body weight of tested extract. The sub-chronic toxicity was conducted by orally administering methanol extract of Crasssocephalum bougheyanum and Triplotaxis stellulifera at doses of 7.93, 23.8, 71.4, 214.2 mg/kg b.w respectively for 28 days in four groups of mice. Toxicity signs, Body and vital organ weights; serum, hematological and biochemical parameters were monitored during and at the end of the study period and histological cut was done. Results: In acute toxicity, no death and other signs of toxicity was observed in mice. No significant difference on biochemical parameters, vital organ and body weight of mice were observed as compared to the control animal. Significant difference was observed in Granulocytes%, WBC% and MCV. In sub-chronic toxicity, mice treated with Triplotaxis stellulifera showed a significant decrease in Liver and Spleen weight as compared to control. Hematological parameters also showed significant increase in LYM% on mice treated with both extract. But Triplotaxis stellulifera treated mice also showed significant increase in PLT, GRAN% at the highest concentration and decrease MID%. Significant decreased was also observed on ASAT with both extract. Conclusion: The data revealed that DL50 of Triplotaxis stellulifera and Crasssocephalum bougheyanum is greater than 5000 mg/kg b.w. The oral administration of tested plant extract did not produce any toxic effect on Swiss albino’s mice. However these extracts have been shown to stimulate immune response. We therefore conclude that Triplotaxis stellulifera and Crasssocephalum bougheyanum can be used safely for oral administration.","PeriodicalId":89896,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and analytical biochemistry : current research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69980626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidant Properties of Phenylpropanoids","authors":"V. Hýsková, H. Ryšlavá","doi":"10.35248/2161-1009.19.8.E171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2161-1009.19.8.E171","url":null,"abstract":"Phenylpropanoids (or phenolic compounds) are a large class of plant secondary metabolites usually consisting of six-carbon aromatic phenyl group and three-carbon propane side chain. Flavonoids, monolignols (precursors of lignin), and phenolic acids are three most common groups, which can be found almost in all plants [1]. These compounds have important functions in plants as antibiotics, natural pesticides, signal molecules for the interaction of symbiotic rhizobia with plant roots, attractants for pollinators, protective agents against UV light, and structural material for plant stability [2]. On the other hand, many positive effects of phenolic compounds on human health were found. Phenolic compounds are the most widespread dietary antioxidants. The trend to view many foods not only as sustenance but also a medicine, so called functional food, is increasing [3]. All phenolic compounds as they possess aromatic ring(s) linked to hydroxyl groups are potent antioxidants with usually high redox potentials [4]. High redox potentials allow them to act as reducing agents, hydrogen donors, radical scavengers, and singlet oxygen quenchers. In addition, they have a metal-chelating ability [5]. Therefore, phenolic compounds play an important role in removing of harmful by-products (reactive oxygen species ROS) formed during normal aerobic cell respiration and especially in oxidative stress under pathological conditions [58]. ROS and free radicals-induced oxidation of proteins, lipids, and even DNA lead to the aging and is in relationship with many serious diseases. Massive studies revealed that many widespread chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, type II diabetes, and various cancers can be reduced by taking phenylpropanoids [1,9].","PeriodicalId":89896,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and analytical biochemistry : current research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69980794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Generic Workflow for Bioprocess Analytical Data: Screening Alignment Techniques and Analyzing their Effects on Multivariate Modeling","authors":"R. V, Herwig C, Spadiut O","doi":"10.35248/2161-1009.19.8.373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2161-1009.19.8.373","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89896,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and analytical biochemistry : current research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69979955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioactive Compounds in Peanuts and Banana","authors":"Bhat Ea, N. Sajjad, I. Manzoor, A. Rasool","doi":"10.35248/2161-1009.19.8.382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2161-1009.19.8.382","url":null,"abstract":"Bioactive compounds like carotenoids, phytosterols, flavonoids and phenolic acids have been identified in number of fruits and vegetables. But due to their less bioavailability owing to insolubility, their application in food industry is still unsuccessful. In this review, bioactive compounds present in bananas and peanuts and their potential health benefits are discussed. Peanuts possess many important compounds like resveratrol, phenolic acids, flavonoids and phytosterols which inhibit the absorption of cholesterol from diet. Moreover, it is also good source of Co-enzyme Q10 and contains all the 20 amino acids with highest content of arginine. Banana also contains various essential bioactive compounds such as phenolics, carotenoids, biogenic amines and phytosterols. Most of the compounds have been reported as potent antioxidants and are compelling in securing the body against different oxidative stress related conditions.","PeriodicalId":89896,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and analytical biochemistry : current research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69980542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}