Psychology (Irvine, Calif.)最新文献

{"title":"The Impact of College Physical Sciences on Mental Rotation Ability","authors":"Abigail S. Walters, S. Brownlow, Contessa Maggard, Kelsie McMannen","doi":"10.4236/psych.2023.148074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/psych.2023.148074","url":null,"abstract":"Men typically outperform women in Mental Rotation (MR) tasks, a skill that is crucial to many STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math) fields. Research suggests this difference may be a partial cause for the gender gap in the sciences. Previous findings indicate that practicing MR, especially through physical science classes, may increase women’s MR performance and, perhaps, increase their involvement in STEM disciplines. However, conflicting results from existing studies make it difficult to determine the exact effect various science experiences have on MR. This study examined the relationship between physical science experience and performance on selected items from the Purdue Visualizations of Rotations Test (PVRT). College student participants with different science backgrounds (physical science, biological science, no science) completed the PVRT and provided data about their personal and childhood experiences with MR-related tasks, their perceptions of their task performance, and their college course experiences. Our results showed no significant sex differences in performance but did show that experience in physical science courses (chemistry and physics) predicted MR, while biological science experience decreased performance on these tasks. A lack of self-handicapping also predicted MR. These findings suggest that practicing these skills in classes may increase MR ability.","PeriodicalId":89844,"journal":{"name":"Psychology (Irvine, Calif.)","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70789434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Qualitative Evaluation of ‘On Campus Positive Psychology’ of Final Year Students","authors":"Ammar Bin Halim, Mahajabin Mahata, Jamil Afzal, Abu Hasnat, Md Abdullah Al Galib","doi":"10.4236/psych.2023.149087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/psych.2023.149087","url":null,"abstract":"The transition, from being a teenager to becoming an adult is filled with opportunities and challenges and college campuses often play a role in this transformative period. During this time the mental health and overall well-being of students have gained attention. For individuals the college years are not about academic exploration but also a profound personal journey that involves self-discovery, emotional growth, and establishing foundations for their future well-being. Therefore the purpose of this landmark study was to elaborate the importance of positive psychology of students during their college study; the findings of this innovative study will be used for further research in this field of psychology.","PeriodicalId":89844,"journal":{"name":"Psychology (Irvine, Calif.)","volume":"298 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135749368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Non-Consensual Condom Removal (Stealthing) in Female Sex Work and Its Association with Perceived Discrimination in Athens, Greece","authors":"Apostolidou Anna, Triantafyllidou Stavroula, Papadaki Anna, Aslanis Andreas, Manolopoulou Amalia, Matis Stergios, Bekiaris Antonios, Ntinopoulou Evangelia, Papadopetrakis Georgios, Papastefanakou Konstantina, Protopapas Konstantinos, Siamitrou Paraskevi, Sougle Aggeliki, Vegkos Nikolaos, Antoniadou Anastasia, Cannelopoulos Lissy, Poulios Antonios","doi":"10.4236/psych.2023.149085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/psych.2023.149085","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to investigate the rates of stealthing, the nonconsensual condom removal in sex, and its association with perceived discrimination and negative mental health impact among female sex workers (FSWs) who live and work in Athens, Greece. Methods: In this quantitative study, we measured perceived discrimination, mental health, and incidents of stealthing using a self-administered questionnaire. Seventy-one FSWs, beneficiaries of the community center for sex workers’ empowerment, Red Umbrella Athens, participated in the survey. Results: Forty-five (63.4%) participants reported that they have experienced stealthing. The majority of victims (88.6%) reported having faced stealthing during sex work, while 38.6% reported having suffered stealthing more than once. FSWs who had experienced stealthing were more likely to report higher perceived discrimination and worse psychological health than those who had never experienced nonconsensual condom removal. Conclusion: Stealthing is a common violation against sex workers and is strongly associated with discrimination and mental health issues. Health professionals should screen for stealthing incidents when working with sex workers. Additionally, there should be policies that acknowledge stealthing as sexual assault.","PeriodicalId":89844,"journal":{"name":"Psychology (Irvine, Calif.)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135600220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Anxiety, Depression, Stress and Holistic Needs of Lung Cancer Patients That Undergo Oncology Treatments during the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Frosyna Anagnosti, Dimitra Lekka, Georgia Hardavella, Dimitra Darahani, Fragkiski Anthouli-Anagnostopoulou, Petros Papagiorgis, Dimitrios Chaniotis, Evangeli Kantzoura, Irene Κarakasidou, Nikolaos Thalassinos","doi":"10.4236/psych.2023.149086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/psych.2023.149086","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Lung cancer is associated with high morbidity and mortality with symptoms deriving from both the disease and its treatment, resulting in mental disorders such as anxiety, stress and depression which have been aggravated amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Aim: This paper aims to investigate the prevalence of anxiety, stress and depression among lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy/immunotherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic as well as investigate the association of these mental disorders with the psychological distress experienced by lung cancer patients. Material and Method: DASS-21 was used to assess the prevalence of anxiety, depression and stress experienced by lung cancer patients, and the Distress Thermometer was used to assess the level of their distress. Results: 160 lung cancer patients under treatment participated in the present study at the Oncology Outpatients’ Clinic, “Sotiria” Athens’ Chest Diseases Hospital in Athens, Greece. The prevalence of depression was 22%, of anxiety 35% and of stress 17.6%, with the majority experiencing moderate levels (45.7%, 35.7% and 53.6% respectively). The total mean score of DASS-21 was 21.0 ± 18.1 and its subscales mean scores were 9.7 ± 6.7 for stress, 5.9 ± 6.6 for anxiety and 5.3 ± 6.4 for depression, with women having significantly higher scores in all subscales compared to men (p = .018, .010 & .44 respectively). The mean score of DT was 3.8 ± 2.5 and 62.5% of the patients had Practical problems, 24.4% Family problems, 70.6% Emotional problems, 9.4% Spiritual problems and 95% Physical Problems. The subscales of DASS-21 and DT were positively correlated (p mptoms they exhibit and vice versa. Emotional problems are a predictive factor for Stress (p = .001) and physical and emotional problems for Anxiety (p = .009 & .020 respectively). Conclusions: Lung cancer patients under treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic are in need of a holistic approach so as to prevent or alleviate psychological and distress symptoms, thus enhancing their quality of life.","PeriodicalId":89844,"journal":{"name":"Psychology (Irvine, Calif.)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135699209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Distraction on Cognitive Performance as a Function of Anxiety","authors":"Aparna Paranjpe, A. Furnham, A. McClelland","doi":"10.4236/psych.2023.141006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/psych.2023.141006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89844,"journal":{"name":"Psychology (Irvine, Calif.)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70786645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Situation of Anxiety Symptoms and Its Influencing Factors among 3048 Employees in Deyang City in 2022","authors":"Ruifang Xiang, Danhong Li, Juan Wang, Xiaoqin Liu","doi":"10.4236/psych.2023.144034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/psych.2023.144034","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89844,"journal":{"name":"Psychology (Irvine, Calif.)","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70787606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Media and COVID-19: A Mixed-Methods Analysis to Document Canadian Adults’ Perceptions of the Positive and Negative Sides of Their Social Media Use","authors":"Malinda Desjarlais","doi":"10.4236/psych.2023.145040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/psych.2023.145040","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89844,"journal":{"name":"Psychology (Irvine, Calif.)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70788248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Loneliness and Personality Pathology: Revisiting Kohut and Kernberg","authors":"Evangelia P. Galanaki, Aikaterini Malafanti","doi":"10.4236/psych.2023.147061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/psych.2023.147061","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89844,"journal":{"name":"Psychology (Irvine, Calif.)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70789314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology and Determinants of the <i>Bouba-Kiki</i> Effect in Presence and at Distance","authors":"E. Casiglia","doi":"10.4236/psych.2023.148072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/psych.2023.148072","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89844,"journal":{"name":"Psychology (Irvine, Calif.)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70789340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moral Perfectionism and the Three Faces of Extremism: A Look from the Perspective of Psychoanalysis","authors":"Fei Zi","doi":"10.4236/psych.2023.148076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/psych.2023.148076","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89844,"journal":{"name":"Psychology (Irvine, Calif.)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70789645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}