Biotropica最新文献_第2页

Vertebrate seed predation can limit recruitment of later-successional species in tropical forest restoration 有脊椎动物对种子的捕食会限制热带森林恢复中后期演替物种的新陈代谢

IF 1.8 3区环境科学与生态学

Biotropica Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1111/btp.13381

Francis H. Joyce, Brianna M. Ramos, Rakan A. Zahawi, Karen D. Holl

{"title":"Vertebrate seed predation can limit recruitment of later-successional species in tropical forest restoration","authors":"Francis H. Joyce, Brianna M. Ramos, Rakan A. Zahawi, Karen D. Holl","doi":"10.1111/btp.13381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/btp.13381","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of vertebrate seed predation on the regeneration of restored forests are not well understood because most past studies have focused on seed predation within the first few years after restoration and have measured seed removal without quantifying subsequent seedling establishment of seeds that avoid predation. Quantifying the establishment of seeds that escape predation in restored forests at later stages of regrowth is crucial for anticipating longer-term recovery trajectories. Here, we evaluated the potential role of vertebrate seed predators in limiting recruitment of later-successional tree species in nine forests actively restored ≥15 years prior and in four paired remnant forest fragments embedded in an agricultural landscape in southern Costa Rica. We conducted seed addition experiments with four tree species inside and outside vertebrate exclosures and used camera trapping to detect seed predators. To determine the fate of seeds that avoided predation, we also measured seedling establishment after 1 year, given that other mortality factors may compensate in the absence of vertebrate seed predation. We detected two species of birds and five species of granivorous mammals removing seeds. Seed tagging indicated that most removal resulted in predation. For three of the four tree species tested, vertebrate seed predation reduced seedling establishment. The magnitude of this effect depended on species' susceptibility to other causes of mortality during the seed-to-seedling transition. Our study demonstrates that vertebrate seed predators can substantially reduce later-successional seedling recruitment in restored forests and should be considered alongside dispersal limitation and microsite conditions as factors slowing forest recovery.Abstract in Spanish is available with online material.","PeriodicalId":8982,"journal":{"name":"Biotropica","volume":"56 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142666117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity of anuran assemblages across habitats and seasons in a Neotropical savanna 新热带稀树草原不同生境和季节无尾类动物群落的分类、功能和系统发育多样性

IF 1.8 3区环境科学与生态学

Biotropica Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1111/btp.13383

Rafael Assis Barros, Tainá Figueras Dorado-Rodrigues, Rafael Martins Valadão, Christine Strüssmann

{"title":"Taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity of anuran assemblages across habitats and seasons in a Neotropical savanna","authors":"Rafael Assis Barros, Tainá Figueras Dorado-Rodrigues, Rafael Martins Valadão, Christine Strüssmann","doi":"10.1111/btp.13383","DOIUrl":"10.1111/btp.13383","url":null,"abstract":"Differences between habitats and seasonal changes in climate are some of the main factors responsible for shaping diversity patterns and biological community structures. In this context, anurans are considered excellent models for ecological studies due to their high sensitivity to environmental changes. This study analyzed how differences between open and forested formations and seasonality influence the taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity of anuran assemblages in an area of Neotropical savanna. Parameters of taxonomic (species richness—SR), functional (functional diversity—SES.FD, functional dispersion—FDis, and functional redundancy—FR), and phylogenetic diversity (phylogenetic species variability—PSV and phylogenetic species richness—PSR) were used to quantify spatiotemporal changes in the anuran assemblages. Sampling was carried out over 15 months, using pitfall traps and active searches. In total, we recorded 598 individuals belonging to 21 species and seven families. Species composition, SR, and PSR differed between habitats and seasons, the latter two being higher in open formations during the rainy season. SES.FD differed seasonally and was higher in the dry season. FDis, FR, and PSV did not differ between treatments. Anurans from forested formations were functionally and phylogenetically clustered during the rainy season, while those from open formations were functionally clustered during the same season. Habitat type and seasonal variation were important in determining the taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity of the anuran assemblages. However, changes in climate and land use are expected to negatively impact the ecological and evolutionary diversity of these organisms in the Cerrado, reinforcing the importance of conservation policies and actions.Abstract in Portuguese is available with online material.","PeriodicalId":8982,"journal":{"name":"Biotropica","volume":"56 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142267343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Citizen science and color pattern analysis indicate unreported Batesian mimicry between Neotropical snakes 公民科学和色彩图案分析表明，新热带蛇类之间的贝茨拟态现象未得到报道

IF 1.8 3区环境科学与生态学

Biotropica Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1111/btp.13380

Filipe C. Serrano, Carolina Farhat, Juan C. Díaz-Ricaurte, Marcio Martins

{"title":"Citizen science and color pattern analysis indicate unreported Batesian mimicry between Neotropical snakes","authors":"Filipe C. Serrano, Carolina Farhat, Juan C. Díaz-Ricaurte, Marcio Martins","doi":"10.1111/btp.13380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/btp.13380","url":null,"abstract":"Batesian mimics decrease their chance of predation by their resemblance to different, dangerous or unpalatable species but this relationship is often inferred without quantitative approaches. Snakes are notorious Batesian mimics, especially the Neotropical genus Xenodon, which comprises species that are putative mimics of venomous snakes such as coral snakes (genus Micrurus) and lanceheads (or “fer-de-lance,” genus Bothrops). Herein, we propose that Xenodon severus is a batesian mimic of the sympatric and highly venomous Amazonian bushmaster (Lachesis muta), the longest viper in the world, and not of lanceheads (Bothrops spp.). We compiled all available photographs of X. severus from citizen science platforms and published literature to test this mimicry through a quantitative dorsal color pattern analysis between this species and both L. muta and a lancehead Bothrops brazili. We classified georeferenced photographs as potential “mimic” or “non-mimic” and tested whether “mimics” were found on average closer to L. muta's range centroid than “non-mimics.” The color pattern analysis showed that X. severus is more similar to L. muta than to B. brazili. Furthermore, “mimics” were significantly closer to the centroid of L. muta. Our results suggest that X. severus is likely a mimic of L. muta and that this relationship may vary across their distribution. Our findings highlight the significant role of citizen science platforms in assessing ecological relationships and the importance of using quantitative methods such as dorsal color pattern analysis to test mimicry.Abstract in Portuguese is available with online material.","PeriodicalId":8982,"journal":{"name":"Biotropica","volume":"56 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142666096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Seeking a multi-dimensional approach to understand agricultural commodity expansion in Asian tropics 寻求一种多维方法来理解亚洲热带地区的农业商品扩张

IF 1.8 3区环境科学与生态学

Biotropica Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1111/btp.13375

Anushka Rege, Manan Bhan, Jagdish Krishnaswamy, Sheetal Patil, Indira Singh, Wenxiu Xu, Siyan Zeng

{"title":"Seeking a multi-dimensional approach to understand agricultural commodity expansion in Asian tropics","authors":"Anushka Rege, Manan Bhan, Jagdish Krishnaswamy, Sheetal Patil, Indira Singh, Wenxiu Xu, Siyan Zeng","doi":"10.1111/btp.13375","DOIUrl":"10.1111/btp.13375","url":null,"abstract":"Agricultural commodity expansion into natural and semi-natural ecosystems in Asia is a multi-dimensional sustainability challenge posing a threat to natural and human capital. At the symposium pertaining to agricultural commodity landscapes organized at the 59th meeting of the Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation, we aimed to identify key aspects that require further attention to address the negative impacts of commodity-driven agricultural expansion in the Asian tropics. Using a combination of insights obtained both from participants' research and those that developed organically in the symposium, we identified five key themes: (1) Robust land use suitability assessments to determine the viability of agricultural expansion or other competing demands on productive land in given landscapes; (2) the need for plot-level studies of soil biodiversity and ecological functions for commodity crops; (3) Irrigation for commodity crops with blue and green water and evaluating co-dependent drivers and outcomes; (4) an improved understanding of local producer motivations and supply chains and (5) the analysis of co-benefits, trade-offs and synergies in agro-commodity systems. These themes include the various steps involved in agricultural commodity expansion, right from land selection and crop patterns to aspects pertaining to the post-harvest value chain. These themes are inter-connected and span across multiple local and regional spatial scales in tropical Asia but hold relevance to agricultural landscapes elsewhere too. Immediate and sustained attention on these themes would secure multiple goals of sustainable land use, biodiversity conservation, climate change mitigation and human well-being.","PeriodicalId":8982,"journal":{"name":"Biotropica","volume":"56 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/btp.13375","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142267344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Domestic dogs and vultures feed on the same carcasses in Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary, Kerala, India 印度喀拉拉邦韦瓦纳德野生动物保护区的家犬和秃鹫以同一具尸体为食

IF 1.8 3区环境科学与生态学

Biotropica Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1111/btp.13377

O. Vishnu, J. Pandiyan, Aswathy Balan, Clince P. Jose, R. Roshnath

引用次数: 0

Seed dispersal of Madagascar's iconic baobab species, Adansonia grandidieri 马达加斯加标志性猴面包树种 Adansonia grandidieri 的种子传播

IF 1.8 3区环境科学与生态学

Biotropica Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1111/btp.13373

Seheno Andriantsaralaza, O. H. Razafindratsima, O. H. Razanamaro, V. Ramananjato, F. Randimbiarison, N. N. Raoelinjanakolona, T. H. P. Rabarijaonina, N. Raharinomena, N. Hobimalala, R. H. Nantenaina, J. M. Tonos, S. Andriamiadana

{"title":"Seed dispersal of Madagascar's iconic baobab species, Adansonia grandidieri","authors":"Seheno Andriantsaralaza, O. H. Razafindratsima, O. H. Razanamaro, V. Ramananjato, F. Randimbiarison, N. N. Raoelinjanakolona, T. H. P. Rabarijaonina, N. Raharinomena, N. Hobimalala, R. H. Nantenaina, J. M. Tonos, S. Andriamiadana","doi":"10.1111/btp.13373","DOIUrl":"10.1111/btp.13373","url":null,"abstract":"Certain plant species have traits adapted for seed dispersal by megafauna, which may be absent in their current ranges. Characterizing the dispersal mechanism of such plant species can provide insights about their population dynamics and regeneration. We investigated the effectiveness of the extant fauna as seed dispersers of the Malagasy baobab, Adansonia grandidieri, which have megafaunal dispersal traits. We documented the animal species that interact with its fruits and seeds in the canopy and on the ground through direct observations, camera trapping, opportunistic search of feces with seeds, and dispersal experiments. We also estimated seed fate using a model parameterized with data obtained through experiments on seed removal and seed germination under and away from adult A. grandidieri trees. Further, we examined the impacts of seed dispersal in mitigating herbivore pressures on A. grandidieri seedling through an exclosure experiment. We did not find animals interacting with fruits in the canopy. However, we observed a native rodent species, Eliurus myoxinus, handling fruits/seeds on the ground, and found seeds in bush pig feces. Also, while the rates of germination for the dispersed A. grandidieri seeds were low, their probability of producing viable seedlings was higher than when the seeds stayed under adult trees. We also found that the seedlings of A. grandidieri had a high probability of surviving even when herbivores were present. Overall, our results provide insights into the regeneration of A. grandidieri and suggest that some extant local ground-dwelling fauna can provide seed dispersal services to this species.Abstract in Malagasy is available with online material.","PeriodicalId":8982,"journal":{"name":"Biotropica","volume":"56 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142216212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Contribution of small nocturnal lemurs to seed dispersal in Madagascar: A review 小型夜行狐猴对马达加斯加种子传播的贡献：综述

IF 2.1 3区环境科学与生态学

Biotropica Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: 10.1111/btp.13379

Veronarindra Ramananjato

{"title":"Contribution of small nocturnal lemurs to seed dispersal in Madagascar: A review","authors":"Veronarindra Ramananjato","doi":"10.1111/btp.13379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/btp.13379","url":null,"abstract":"Animal seed dispersers are crucial in tropical forests because they provide beneficial impacts to plants, from organisms to communities. Besides frugivorous species, omnivorous, small‐bodied, and nocturnal animals might also disperse seeds in their habitats; yet we know relatively little about their role and impacts. The Cheirogaleidae (dwarf and mouse lemurs) in Madagascar are examples of such animals, whose seed dispersal role has been overlooked until recently. Here, I provide an overview of their potential contribution to seed dispersal based on their ecological traits and future directions for studying seed dispersal ecology in Madagascar's forest ecosystems. The limited literature, published between 1971 and 2022, on the feeding ecology and seed dispersal services of the Cheirogaleidae shows that they could potentially disperse small‐sized seeds (<15 mm). Also, they could surprisingly take seeds relatively long distances away from the parents (up to 1 km) despite their small body mass, both in disturbed and undisturbed forest habitats. The passage of seeds through their guts could also enhance seed germination and seedling survival. Only four Cheirogaleid species out of 40 are currently demonstrated to be effective seed dispersers. Studying the seed dispersal by small‐bodied and nocturnal primates could greatly inform their long‐term conservation as it will provide information for better awareness of their ecological role and needs. in Malagasy is available with online material.","PeriodicalId":8982,"journal":{"name":"Biotropica","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142216216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The ancient Maya and the modern forest 古玛雅与现代森林

IF 2.1 3区环境科学与生态学

Biotropica Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI: 10.1111/btp.13370

Nicholas Brokaw, Sheila E. Ward, Timothy Beach, Sheryl Luzzadder‐Beach, Stanley Walling, Marisol Cortes‐Rincon, Fred Valdez

{"title":"The ancient Maya and the modern forest","authors":"Nicholas Brokaw, Sheila E. Ward, Timothy Beach, Sheryl Luzzadder‐Beach, Stanley Walling, Marisol Cortes‐Rincon, Fred Valdez","doi":"10.1111/btp.13370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/btp.13370","url":null,"abstract":"The land use of the ancient Maya strongly affected the environment of the previously forested Maya Lowlands. A forest grew back after the Maya “collapse”, some 1100 years ago. Two activities of the ancient Maya could have had widespread effects on the tree species composition of the regrown, modern forest. First, in areas with topographic relief Maya agriculture caused substantial soil erosion and accumulation, changing soil depth and character. Soil character is associated with differential distributions and abundances of many tree species in the Maya Lowlands. To the extent that soil character on the modern landscape differs from that on the pre‐Maya landscape, regrown forests on the modern landscape would differ from pre‐Maya forests. Second, the ancient Maya cleared much forest but likely also cultivated or favored certain tree species in home gardens, regenerating farm plots, and patches of older growth. A rigorous study suggests that descendants of favored tree species persist in elevated abundance in some areas of the modern forest but not in other areas. After c. 1100 years of regrowth in some places, the legacy of the ancient Maya in the modern forest likely ranges from strong to absent across the varied landscape of the Lowlands. An ancient mosaic of forest patches would have provided a species‐rich, multiple‐point source for forest regrowth. Such a mosaic is lacking in modern deforested tropical landscapes, likely inhibiting recovery of a species‐rich forest.","PeriodicalId":8982,"journal":{"name":"Biotropica","volume":"283 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142216213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on the performance of a diet specialized neotropical herbivore and its host plant 高浓度二氧化碳和温度对新热带食草动物及其寄主植物表现的影响

IF 1.8 3区环境科学与生态学

Biotropica Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI: 10.1111/btp.13371

Fredric V. Vencl, Stefan Bartram, Klaus Winter, Wilhelm Boland, Robert B. Srygley

{"title":"Effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on the performance of a diet specialized neotropical herbivore and its host plant","authors":"Fredric V. Vencl, Stefan Bartram, Klaus Winter, Wilhelm Boland, Robert B. Srygley","doi":"10.1111/btp.13371","DOIUrl":"10.1111/btp.13371","url":null,"abstract":"Little is known about the potential responses of ecologically specialized tropical species to atmospheric change and global warming. In 2 years of greenhouse experiments simulating climate change impacts, we quantified the effects of mean ambient temperature, elevated temperature (Te), current ambient CO2 concentration ([CO2]a), and doubled CO2 concentration ([CO2]e) on biomass, growth rate, and foliar chemistry of the morning glory vine, Camonea umbellata. In addition, we measured the impacts of climate change simulations on the performance and survival of the tortoise beetle, Acromis sparsa, which feeds exclusively on C. umbellata. Full-sib A. sparsa larval broods were divided into cohorts. Each cohort was placed in one of four temperature-CO2 controlled chambers and fed leaves grown in their respective treatments. Vines growing in [CO2]e more than doubled their biomass and their leaves expanded faster. The [CO2]a and Te treatments interacted to yield the greatest foliar [C]. Vines in [CO2]e and Te had the greatest C:N ratios, the lowest availability of nitrogen, and highest larval mortality. Whereas pupae were smaller and suffered lower survival in Te, pupal mass and survival increased in both the [CO2]e and Te treatments. Overall, the simultaneous elevation of both [CO2] and temperature caused declines in host quality, larval survivorship, and pupal mortality that were not observed when only one climate factor was altered. Based on this first tropical experimental study, we predict that C. umbellata will benefit from elevation of temperature and atmospheric [CO2] by altering its foliar chemistry to the detriment of its diet-specialized herbivore enemy.Abstract in Spanish is available with online material.","PeriodicalId":8982,"journal":{"name":"Biotropica","volume":"56 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142226966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How do birds and ants contribute to the recruitment of a tropical tree? 鸟类和蚂蚁如何促进热带树木的新陈代谢？

IF 1.8 3区环境科学与生态学

Biotropica Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI: 10.1111/btp.13372

José Eduardo Falcon, José Henrique Schoereder, Vanessa Soares Ribeiro, Alexander Vicente Christianini, Paulo Henrique Camargo, Lucas Navarro Paolucci

{"title":"How do birds and ants contribute to the recruitment of a tropical tree?","authors":"José Eduardo Falcon, José Henrique Schoereder, Vanessa Soares Ribeiro, Alexander Vicente Christianini, Paulo Henrique Camargo, Lucas Navarro Paolucci","doi":"10.1111/btp.13372","DOIUrl":"10.1111/btp.13372","url":null,"abstract":"In most tropical ecosystems, birds play a crucial role as primary dispersers (Phase 1) by removing seeds from the plant crown. Following primary dispersal, ground-dwelling animals, notably ants, often disperse seeds secondarily (Phase 2). However, the relative contributions of each phase to seed dispersal effectiveness until plant establishment remains unclear. We combined observational and manipulative experiments to quantify the contributions of birds and ants to seed dispersal effectiveness of the ornithochoric tree Xylopia sericea in the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest. Birds dispersed 17.2% of diaspores, with a dispersal distance (6.6 m ± 6.7 m) twenty times greater than that of ants (0.3 m ± 0.5 m). Notably, birds often dispersed seeds beyond the parental canopy, where seedling survival is higher. Ants were quantitatively more important to seed dispersal, with relative diaspore removal 221.3% higher than birds. Despite the limited dispersal-distance by ants, proximity to ant nests increased seedling survival. Phase 1 led to the establishment of 16.26 seedlings per 100 diaspores produced, and Phase 2 increased the number of seedlings established by 28.6% (N = 20.91). Ants enhanced seed recruitment and improved seedling survival both away and near the parental plant, likely due to ant nests providing favorable microsites for establishment. Conversely, plants distant from ant nests performed better when away from the parental plant, underscoring the importance of birds in seed dispersal. Birds promote long-distance dispersal and ants redistribute diaspores to microsites that increases establishment, so the dispersal of X. sericea is highly dependent on both dispersers.Abstract in Portuguese is available with online material.","PeriodicalId":8982,"journal":{"name":"Biotropica","volume":"56 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142216214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0