BMC Infectious Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Lassa fever survivors: long-term health effects and chronic sequelae - a scoping review.","authors":"Sulymon A Saka, Qudus O Lawal, Osahon Otaigbe, Faustina F Blackie, Osazuwa Ighodaro, Perpetua I Odafen, Sylvanus Okogbenin","doi":"10.1186/s12879-025-11262-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-11262-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"823"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergence of ST11-KL64 carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella Pneumoniae isolates harboring bla_KPC-2 and iucA from a tertiary teaching hospital in Western China.","authors":"Haojun Chen, Tingting Li, Xiaoxue Huang, Qiurong He","doi":"10.1186/s12879-025-11241-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-11241-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-HvKP) poses a critical global health threat. However, molecular epidemiological data on CR-HvKP in Western China remain scarce. This study aimed to characterize the clinical profiles, molecular features, and risk factors of CR-HvKP isolates in Western China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty-eight carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) clinical isolates were collected from January to December in 2024. Clinical characterization included antimicrobial susceptibility profiling and hypermucoviscosity assessment via string test. Detection of carbapenemases using inhibitor enhancement test. Molecular characteristics of CRKP included serotype, carbapenemases, virulence-associated factors, and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) performed by using the PCR method. CR-HvKP was defined as the presence of any one of rmpA, rmpA2, iroB, iucA, and peg-344. Risk factors were initially evaluated using univariate logistic regression analysis, with significant variables subsequently incorporated into a multivariate regression model. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 68 CRKP isolates, 36 were identified as CR-HvKP, all harboring the iucA gene (100%, 36/36). However, only 22.2% (8/36) of string test results correlated with virulence gene presence. All CRKP strains exhibited high resistance to most antibiotics, with comparatively lower resistance rates observed for tigecycline (0%) and polymyxin B (14.7%). Carbapenemase production was the predominant resistance mechanism, with 61.8% (42/68) carrying bla_KPC-2. Serotyping and MLST revealed that ST11-KL64 CR-HvKP being predominant. A novel wzi752 allele was identified, encoding amino acid sequences homologous to serotype KL47. Univariate analysis demonstrated significantly higher ICU admission rates (p = 0.018) and carbapenem exposure (p = 0.023) in CR-HvKP patients with infections. Multivariate analysis highlighted borderline significance for ICU admission (OR = 2.939, p = 0.056) as a potential risk factor.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The ST11-KL64 CR-HvKP clone harboring bla_KPC-2 and iucA has emerged as a dominant pathogen of hospital infections in Western China, posing dual threats of resistance and virulence. Enhanced molecular surveillance and infection control strategies are urgently needed to mitigate its spread.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"880"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of chronic limb ulcers in Northern Cameroon: a socio-anthropological and clinical perspective.","authors":"Theodore Alex Tonye, Armelle Viviane Ngomba, Linda Esso, Chanceline Bilounga, Nadia Mandeng, Ingrid Kenko, Patricia Mendjime, Telesphore Guiswe, Loic Kongne Choupo, Sebastien Douka, Armand Zra, Hoche BlackBoye, Grâce Anita Nkoro, Hamza Gaya, Etienne Guenou, Donald Adegono, Leonel Keptchuime, Hermann Landry Munshili Njifon, Chevalier Nyat, Ronald Perraut, Zakari Yaou Alhadji, Georges Alain Etoundi Mballa","doi":"10.1186/s12879-025-11251-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-11251-4","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;In September 2023, fifty cases of chronic limb ulcers of unknown origin were reported in six Health Districts (HDs) in Northern Cameroon. This disease, locally called \"Ladde\", was described as of mystical origin, transmitted by insect bites. We aimed to describe the cases, identify the cause and socio-anthropological considerations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methodology: &lt;/strong&gt;We conducted a mixed descriptive cross-sectional study in November 2023. A case was any person that had presented a skin ulcer on any of the four limbs for at least 4 weeks any time during the study period, suspected of infectious cause or contamination, associated or not to other conditions and residing in the study area from January 2018 to October 2023. After active case-finding in health facilities and within the community, we featured sociodemographic (sex, age, occupation), clinical (location, signs/symptoms, ulcer occurrence), and therapeutic data (itinerary, treatment and outcome). We collected blood samples, ulcer swabs and skin biopsies to test for pathogens (Haemophilus ducreyi, Treponema pallidum, Mycobacterium ulcerans, Mycobacterium leprae, Leishmania), performed an entomological survey to search for potential vectors and conducted a socio-anthropological survey (individual interviews and focus group discussions) to explore community perceptions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;We identified 153 cases in total: 119 (77.8%) were men. The median age was 38.5 years (9 months to 94 years). Farmers (n = 63, 41.2%), followed by housewives (n = 24, 15.7%) were the most affected. The lower limbs (n = 138, 90.2%) were the preferred location. Pain (n = 130, 85.0%), swelling (n = 113, 73.9%), ulceration (n = 43, 28.1%) and fever (n = 42, 27.5%) were the most frequent signs/symptoms at the beginning. In 79 (51.6%) cases, the ulcers occurred spontaneously and 67 (43.8%) after trauma (road injuries, blunt objects ulcers). For treatment, 129 (84.3%) cases visited a traditional healer who ordered decoctions (n = 98, 64.1%) and poultices (n = 95, 62.1%) using powder; 81 (52.9%) cases visited a health facility and received Cloxacillin (n = 78, 51%) and diclofenac (n = 70, 45.8%). Ten (6.5%) cases were completely cured. Six out of ninety-four (6.4%) cases tested were HIV positive, 8 (8.5%) were syphilis positive, all referred for appropriate care. Dermohypodermatitis (n = 14 out of 28, 50%) and pyogenic granuloma (n = 12 out of 28, 43%) were the main anatomopathological findings. No patient was positive for Mycobacterium ulcerans, Haemophilus ducreyi or Treponema pallidum pertenue. The entomological investigation did not reveal any potential insect vectors for leishmaniasis. Socio-anthropological survey mostly reported that \"Ladde\" is a disease of diabolic origin caused by a spirit which comes from a demon-possessed animal or tree.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Posttraumatic leg ulcers and dermohypodermatitis were the predominant clinical and anatomop","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"842"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanopore-based targeted sequencing (NTS) for drug-resistant tuberculosis: an integrated tool for personalized treatment strategies and guidance for new drug development.","authors":"Chen Yang, Guangchuan Dai, Yicheng Guo, Tianzhen Wang, Weiwei Gao, Yi Zeng","doi":"10.1186/s12879-025-11227-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-11227-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Drug-resistant tuberculosis has emerged as a major public health issue that requires immediate attention. NTS is an innovative method that allows for the direct detection of clinical samples without the need for culture. It could provide more accurate, reliable, and comprehensive information on drug resistance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We collected clinical data retrospectively from patients suspected of having drug-resistant tuberculosis who visited the tuberculosis department at the Second Hospital of Nanjing in Jiangsu Province, China, from December 2023 to December 2024. The diagnostic efficiency of NTS for different types of drug-resistant tuberculosis and antimicrobial resistance was calculated. The relationship between resistance genes, mutated amino acids, and mutation sites was demonstrated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, a total of 107 patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis were included, comprising 43 cases of mono-drug resistant tuberculosis, 20 patients with poly-drug resistant tuberculosis, 22 cases of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, 21 cases of pre-extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis and 1 case of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis. The accuracy of NTS in diagnosing drug-resistant tuberculosis ranged from 42.9 to 93.0%. Except for second-line injectable drugs, NTS achieved a sensitivity of over 70% for other anti-tuberculosis drugs. Serine was identified as the most frequently mutated amino acid in both the rpoB gene (66.2%, 49/74) and the katG gene (86.3%, 44/51). Additionally, the most frequently mutated amino acids in the embB gene, rpsL gene, and gyrA gene were methionine (94.7%, 44/51), lysine (100%, 28/28), and aspartic acid (66.7%, 20/30), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NTS could effectively and precisely deliver comprehensive drug resistance results, assisting medical professionals to create more personalized treatment plans. Besides, it would encourage the development of new anti-tuberculosis drugs to broaden clinical treatment options for drug-resistant tuberculosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"861"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurrent knee septic arthritis and osteomyelitis due to Candida viswanathii: a case report and literature review.","authors":"Narmadha Morvil, Hei Man Wong","doi":"10.1186/s12879-025-11188-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-11188-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Candida viswanathii is a rare Candida with fewer than 40 clinical cases of infection reported globally and with limited treatment descriptions available. Here we report a rare case of recurrent candida septic arthritis and osteomyelitis caused by C. viswanathii.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 78-year-old Chinese female developed her first episode of C. viswanathii septic arthritis and osteomyelitis likely following intra-articular lignocaine injections to her left knee. She was treated with 2 surgical washouts and 16 months of antifungal agents, which included an initial 6 months of voriconazole followed by fluconazole, with full recovery. However, she presents with recurrence of left knee pain 14 months after antifungal therapy was stopped. Open arthrotomy revealed extensive synovitis and granulation tissue, with a sinus tract extending to the anterior patella. C. viswanathii was re-cultured in her synovial fluid and identified via a combination of fungal phenotypic tests and DNA sequencing of the ITS region and the D1/D2 region of the 28 S ribosomal subunit. She was managed with two open knee arthrotomies, drainage with curettage and debridement, and was reinitiated on oral voriconazole therapy, to which she demonstrated a good clinical response. She was subsequently maintained on chronic suppressive oral voriconazole therapy. Her symptoms remain well controlled, and no relapse was observed on the last follow-up. Additionally, we have also done a comprehensive literature review of all the published clinical cases of C. viswanathii thus far.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first case report to describe the successful treatment and monitoring of recurrent C. viswanathii osteoarticular infection. Combined with our literature review, we aim to increase understanding of this rare candida species- specifically its clinical trajectory in osteoarthritic infections, laboratory features, radiological characteristics, intra-operative findings, and treatment aspects inclusive of a potential role for long-term suppressive therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"853"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A prospective cluster randomized trial of an interventions bundle to reduce inappropriate antibiotic use for upper respiratory tract infections in the outpatient setting.","authors":"Adeel A Butt, Sherin Shams, Atika Jabeen, Asma Ali Al-Nuaimi, Jeyaram Illiayaraja Krishnan, Aimon B Malik, Samah Saleem, Maryam Hassan Abdulaziz, Naheel Ismail Seyam, Kamran Aziz, Dalia Kandil, Anil G Thomas, Hanaa Nafady-Hego, Muzna I Lone, Jameela Al Ajmi, Zain A Bhutta, Noora AlSulaiti, Wael E Said Hussein, Sandy Semaan, Samya Ahmad Al-Abdulla, Mohamed Ghaith Al-Kuwari, Abdul-Badi Abou-Samra","doi":"10.1186/s12879-025-11210-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-11210-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antibiotic overuse and increasing antimicrobial resistance are global public health threats. We determined the impact of a multicomponent intervention in reducing inappropriate antibiotic use for upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) in the outpatient setting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>DESIGN: Prospective, cluster-randomized trial.</p><p><strong>Intervention: </strong>Bundled 4-component intervention including extensive provider education, a decision support algorithm, option for deferred antibiotics prescription, and monthly feedback on prescription patterns, vs. a single randomly assigned intervention (decision support algorithm).</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Four Primary healthcare centers in Qatar with study period from August 2023 to October 2024.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Individuals with a diagnosis of URTI who were prescribed antibiotics.</p><p><strong>Main outcome(s): </strong>Reduction in inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions for URTIs in the intervention vs. control group during the 11-month follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We analyzed 20,062 episodes-of-care for URTIs with an antibiotic prescription (9,277 at control and 10,785 at intervention sites). In a mixed effects logistic regression model accounting for the clustering effect, the intervention was associated with a 29% reduction in odds of inappropriate antibiotics prescriptions ( [aOR] 0.71; 95% CI 0.66-0.77). The relative reduction was 20.9% (44.9% vs. 35.5%; p < 0.001) between the two groups. The relative drop in inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions before and after the interventions was 16.3% (42.4% vs 35.5%; p < 0.001) at intervention sites (p < 0.001) compared with 2.2% (45.9% to 44.9%; p = 0.4) at control sites. Senior-most physicians and younger population (19-40 years old) were more likely to prescribe or receive inappropriate antibiotic prescription.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A multi-component intervention can significantly reduce inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions for URTIs in the outpatient setting.</p><p><strong>Clinicaltrials: </strong></p><p><strong>Gov id: </strong>NCT06135376, Registration Date: November 9, 2023.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"818"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of disease burden and trends in non-COVID-19 respiratory infections in China (1990-2021).","authors":"Shumin Niu, Tianru Ben, Shitong Cheng, Linlin Gao, Jingya Zhang, Qihui Wang, Nan Xia","doi":"10.1186/s12879-025-11165-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-11165-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"827"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is eosinophilia a reliable diagnostic clue for chronic strongyloidiasis? a case series from Khuzestan Province, Iran.","authors":"Alireza Ashiri, Abdollah Rafiei, Bijan Ansari, Molouk Beiromvand","doi":"10.1186/s12879-025-11216-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-11216-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Strongyloidiasis, a disease caused by Strongyloides stercoralis (S. stercoralis) nematode, can present in acute, chronic, hyperinfection, and disseminated forms. It is of particular important due to its high mortality rate, especially among immunocompromised patients, and the absence of a gold standard diagnostic method. Eosinophilia, as a key sign, can help in the diagnosis of the infection. This report presents five cases of strongyloidiasis who referred to the 17 Shahrivar Hospital, Abadan County, Iran, for various reasons, including cardiovascular diseases, elective surgeries, and routine health check-ups. Persistent eosinophilia and intermittent gastrointestinal and respiratory symptoms in their medical histories raised suspicion of an intestinal infection. S. stercoralis detection was performed by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), direct microscopy examination, and agar plate culture (APC). While all cases exhibited elevated IgG titers, S. stercoralis larvae were detected by direct microscopy examination in two cases (later confirmed by APC), and three additional cases, despite being microscopy-negative, tested positive through APC. Two patients were also infected with Giardia intestinalis, which one of them had Blastocystis hominis as well. Eosinophilia, can help identify parasitic infections, but its nonspecificity requires careful evaluation of the patient's medical history. In three of the cases, the final diagnosis was obtained using serial stool examination and APC. Thus, considering eosinophilia, the best strategy for optimal diagnosis of this infection involves combining serological and coprological methods along with identifying risk factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"828"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing quarantine in pandemic control: a multi-stage SEIQR modeling approach to COVID-19 transmission dynamics.","authors":"Nawal H Siddig, Laila A Al-Essa","doi":"10.1186/s12879-025-11253-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-11253-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"877"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV in pregnant women attending a tertiary care hospital in Mogadishu, Somalia, 2017-2021.","authors":"Mohamed Abdulkadir Hassan-Kadle, Esra Keles, Mosab Ahmed Nor, Mohamed Abdulahi Hassan, Şeyma Karaketir, Ahmed Isak Hussein, Hasan Huseyin Eker, Shafie Abdulkadir Hassan","doi":"10.1186/s12879-025-11268-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-11268-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"885"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}