International journal of person centered medicine最新文献

{"title":"CHANGES IN ATTITUDES TO SELF-CARE AND PERSON-CENTERED MEDICINE IN THE UK SINCE THE ADVENT OF COVID-19","authors":"Philip Smith","doi":"10.5750/ijpcm.v11i2.1083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5750/ijpcm.v11i2.1083","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Attitudes to self-care changed rapidly during the pandemic. Public and professionals alike were mandated to accept changes that required wholesale adoption of self-care practices.Objectives: Assess changes in public and healthcare professional (HCP) attitudes to self-care during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: A pragmatic review of three relevant initiatives that took place in 2020 and 2021, assessing changes in attitudes of members of the public and one study of health and social care professionals’ opinions using an electronic survey and personal interviews. The key findings of these initiatives were contextualized to arrive at a consolidated view of how public and professional attitudes changed since the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic.Results: Public attitudes changed to understand and accommodate the need for self-care as reflected in government instructions. Professionals changed approaches both in their attitudes to self-care and their practice in its promotion to respond to the pressure of the pandemic.Conclusion: Attitudes to and understanding of self-care have undergone rapid and significant change as result of the pandemic. Whether the results are beneficial or permanent will depend upon whether public, professionals, and central government are prepared to support and encourage these changes.","PeriodicalId":89680,"journal":{"name":"International journal of person centered medicine","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79012688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NURSING STUDENT’S VIEWS ON THE DUTY OF CARE: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN TWO COUNTRIES","authors":"C. A. Muñoz-Rubilar, María Vanessa Hormazábal Bustamantea, C. de Las Cuevas, Natalia Rodríguez Novo, M. Betancort, Patrick Stefan Kermit, Mariela L. Lara-Cabrera","doi":"10.5750/ijpcm.v11i2.1082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5750/ijpcm.v11i2.1082","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The shortage of nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic made it necessary to recruit nursing students to provide care. Although research suggests that the care that students provided was invaluable, their views on ethical concerns and dilemmas related to the duty of care remain unexplored.Objectives: Using predefined hypotheses, a cross-sectional study was conducted to explore students’ well-being and views on the duty of care.Method: Between May and June 2020, Chilean and Spanish nursing students participated in a web-based survey, including the 5-Item WHO Well-Being Index (WHO-5) and views on the duty of care reported through a scale related to beliefs about pandemics. Student’s t-test, Mann–Whitney U test, χ2 tests, and multivariable log-linear analysis were used to explore differences between nursing students in Spain and Chile and to examine the relationships between categorical variables.Results: Students (N = 183) from both countries self-reported low levels of psychological well-being (WHO-5, M = 10.8, SD = 4.3). Concerning ethical statements, although most students from both countries (71%) agreed that nurses and doctors have a duty of care, significant differences were found concerning the statement that every healthcare worker has a duty to work during a health emergency (39% agreement in Chile and 74% in Spain; p < 0.001).Conclusions: Students reported emotional and ethical challenges associated with the pandemic. Besides receiving help to deal with ethical challenges and given that a significant proportion of students from both countries reported low well-being, we recommend developing strategies to mitigate and enhance students’ well-being.","PeriodicalId":89680,"journal":{"name":"International journal of person centered medicine","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80249400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EDITORIAL INTRODUCTION","authors":"Christine Leyns, Sandra Van Dulmen","doi":"10.5750/ijpcm.v11i2.1079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5750/ijpcm.v11i2.1079","url":null,"abstract":"Healthcare providers are formed to serve people and put people’s needs at the center. They are expected to inform their patients as experts in health problems and health risk factors. During the clinical encounter they must integrate their knowledge with the unique characteristics, feelings, needs, and life circumstances of the person seeking their help. While this is the ideal scenario, the pandemic erased this script completely. Everything had to be learned by everyone without an expert guide. What are the risk factors, are mouth masks necessary, should we close schools, borders, or do we apply watchful waiting? How can we define cases, diagnose people, and treat them if they become ill? What do we do with other chronic diseases, health problems, or preventive services? Which resources do we need, including human resources (student trainees, retired healthcare workers, volunteers)? What was the view of healthcare providers on their duty to work during this health emergency? The latter question is answered by Muñoz et al in their paper in this issue of the IJPCM for nursing students in Chile and Spain [1].","PeriodicalId":89680,"journal":{"name":"International journal of person centered medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136356238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EDITORIAL INTRODUCTION COVID-19: THE PATIENT PERSPECTIVE","authors":"S. van Dulmen, C. Leyns","doi":"10.5750/ijpcm.v11i1.1073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5750/ijpcm.v11i1.1073","url":null,"abstract":"In the beginning of 2020, the world turned into a dangerous place for all; the outbreak of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (shortly: COVID-19) seemingly affected all persons alike. Seemingly, the impact of the infection and the way it was treated differed markedly between people and countries. As a result, COVID-19 made many victims, disproportionately among older aged, the poor, ethnic minorities [1], and people with preexisting medical conditions like diabetes [2] or a recently diagnosed mental disorder [3]. These people appeared to have a higher risk of mortality. Beside the risk of infection, the COVID-19 outbreak impacted the whole population, resulting in heightened levels of anxiety, depression, and stress [4] both directly through the virus threat [5] as indirectly through loss of income [6] and social contact [7]. Although the pandemic had—and still has—a severe impact on the mental and physical health of those who were infected or at risk of being infected, people do seem to differ in the extent their lives were and are influenced by the infection. Recently, for instance, Bonenkamp et al investigated the mental health of 177 dialysis patients before and during the COVID-19 pandemic [8]. Their study showed that the mental health experienced by this group of patients was unaffected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The conclusion of the authors was that “dialysis patients may be better able to cope with the pandemic since they have high resilience and are less impacted by social distancing measures.” An alternative interpretation could, however, be that the mental health of people who undergo such an invasive treatment is already quite poor and might not be able to get any lower (floor effect). Nevertheless, as shown by the following quote of a young, chronically ill patient, individual persons differ in the way they cope with the pandemic:","PeriodicalId":89680,"journal":{"name":"International journal of person centered medicine","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84109589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN URUGUAY AND THE NEED FOR A PERSON AND SOCIAL CENTERED MEDICINE","authors":"Nicolás Bagattini, Alejandra López-Gómez, Mario Luzardo, Denisse Dogmanas, N. Brunet, R. Bernardi","doi":"10.5750/ijpcm.v11i1.1074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5750/ijpcm.v11i1.1074","url":null,"abstract":"Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the Uruguayan government decided to call for an attitude of responsible freedom of the population and created an Honorary Scientific Advisory Group (GACH). The intention was to report the scientific evidence available on the health situation with transparency and technical independence and to recommended interventions. This paper aims (1) to analyze the strategy to combat the COVID-19 pandemic used in Uruguay from the perspective and principles of person-centered medicine (PCM), (2) to report and examine from a broad perspective the policy regarding health authorities, scientific evidence and population, and (3) to discuss the importance of mental health and behavioral monitoring for identifying vulnerable groups that require special attention and care. \u0000Methods: Retrospective and narrative analysis of the creation of a socioeconomic and behavioral observatory [OSEC], critical evaluation of key data collection on population mental health, and assessment of the influence of OSEC in the context of the pandemic in Uruguay. T-test was used to assess mean differences of mental health trends in the general population using GHQ-12 panel data. The article presents the results obtained on the country’s mental health data through the analysis of a helpline consultations and a digital panel survey of a representative sample of the Uruguayan population. Screening instruments were used, which allowed for an identification of risk groups. \u0000Results: The evidence shows the impact of the pandemic on the emotional distress of the population, indicating that the population discomfort decreased significantly when the pandemic situation began to improve. In addition, differences according to socioeconomic status and age groups were observed, showing that the most disadvantaged had significantly higher levels of emotional distress than those of the middle and upper class, at all times of analysis. \u0000Conclusions: Apparently, it is possible to extend the principles of beneficence, autonomy, and justice applied at the individual level to the level of collective health policies. This is essential to achieve the active participation of the population in their self-care and to promote greater and more transparent communication with the health and scientific fields. It is also necessary to adopt a holistic, biopsychosocial perspective, which makes it possible to identify the vulnerable sectors of society and the areas in which special attention is required.","PeriodicalId":89680,"journal":{"name":"International journal of person centered medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86113772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 VACCINATION AND HOMELESSNESS: THE NEED FOR A PERSON-CENTERED INTEGRATED APPROACH","authors":"M. E. van den Muijsenbergh, T. van Loenen","doi":"10.5750/ijpcm.v11i1.1076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5750/ijpcm.v11i1.1076","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: As homeless people in general suffer from poor health and are at elevated risk for COVID-19 infections they have an indication for receiving COVID-19 vaccination. However, several barriers in accessing vaccination can be identified. There is no information on the willingness of homeless people to receive the COVID-19 vaccination, nor on the experiences with the vaccination process of homeless people and professionals involved. Therefore, this qualitative study aims to provide insight into vaccination willingness among homeless people in the Netherlands, in the barriers and facilitators in accessing vaccination, and in the experiences of professionals involved in the vaccination process. \u0000Methods: We performed semi-structured interviews with 53 homeless persons, 16 professionals involved in health care or shelter for homeless people as well as 7 public health professionals who were involved in the vaccination process for homeless people. Interviews were thematically analyzed. \u0000Results: Homeless people experienced a lack of understandable and consistent information, which resulted in distrust and vaccination hesitancy. Mistrust in the government was common. However, approximately half of them were vaccinated at the end of the first vaccination campaign, sometimes because not being vaccinated would restrict their possibilities to access public places. Barriers to access vaccination included the complicated process and forms and difficulties accessing the vaccination venue. Especially difficult turned out to be the bureaucratic process of acquiring the Corona virus entry pass. Identified key-elements for a successful vaccination campaign for homeless people: a strong collaboration between all stakeholders, easy to understand information by trusted professionals, the possibility of vaccination at out-reach sites like homeless shelters. \u0000Conclusion: Although the vaccination rate among homeless people in the Netherlands is estimated to be lower than among the general public, successful vaccination campaigns are possible if trusted people provide easy to understand information, all stakeholders work together and vaccination takes place at easy to reach locations.","PeriodicalId":89680,"journal":{"name":"International journal of person centered medicine","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91309820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COPING WITH DEATH ANXIETY AND AWARENESS: EXPERIENCE WITH COVID-19 PATIENTS IN NEW YORK","authors":"V. Novakovic, James D. Henneberry, Vivek Jain, Juan E. Mezzich","doi":"10.5750/ijpcm.v11i1.1075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5750/ijpcm.v11i1.1075","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The global challenge that the Covid-19 pandemic represented for humanity, included local experiences and encounters from which helpful lessons may be drawn. \u0000Objectives: The primary objective was to assess and document death anxiety and death awareness among hospitalized intensive care unit (ICU) patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in a community-based teaching hospital. The secondary one was to reflect on mental health clinicians’ therapeutic styles and skills when caring for patients in critical care settings. \u0000Methods: A series of hospitalized ICU patients diagnosed with COVID-19 at the height of the pandemic in New York City were evaluated in this study. Patients’ psychological distress symptoms, death awareness, and death anxiety were measured using the Revised Death Anxiety Scale. Seventeen COVID-19 positive patients with various comorbidities who had been admitted to the ICU at Staten Island University Hospital were compared with seventeen COVID-19 negative patients with various comorbidities who had been seen and evaluated on the same ward over the same time period. The Revised Death Anxiety Scale (25 items) was used on all subjects by the deployed psychiatrists. The clinicians’ experiences as recorded through diaries during this time were examined and reflected on. \u0000Results: Out of seventeen COVID-19 positive patients who participated in this case series, eleven responded with heigh death anxiety scores as compared to the seventeen COVID-19 negative patients in which only three subjects were observed to have high scores. From the very beginning, the COVID-19 pandemic brought to the forefront massive challenges for both psychiatrists and patients. These challenges immediately affected rapport-building, often leading to an atmosphere of trust, but also exposing patients to additional distress. Prior to furthering and facilitating therapeutic dialogue, psychiatrists had to “anesthetize the therapeutic situation,” decrease the arousal level and be attentive throughout the encounter. This attentiveness had to be individually organized and modulated as patients displayed different personality styles, with variations in their internal world and severity of medical condition. In due course, individual patterns of reactions were observed such as fantasies concerning isolation and separation, contrasting attachment styles, need for punishment and guilt feelings and activation of panic and helplessness. The latter was particularly challenging as both patient and physician could become easily trapped in feeling helpless and confused, with strong interpersonal and relational overlays. Compassionate gestures and sensibility in connectedness conveyed vitality and much needed hope. \u0000Discussion and Conclusions: Although death anxiety and death awareness seemed overwhelmingly prevalent among the COVID-19 positive patients in comparison to COVID-19 negative patients, differences have been observed in terms of being age-specific, having multiple ","PeriodicalId":89680,"journal":{"name":"International journal of person centered medicine","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87320614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HERMENEUTICS PROMOTES PERSON-CENTERED MENTAL HEALTH IN PANDEMIC TIMES","authors":"Michael T. H. Wong","doi":"10.5750/ijpcm.v11i1.1077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5750/ijpcm.v11i1.1077","url":null,"abstract":"Background: COVID 19 affects not only patients’ physical health but also mental well-being. \u0000Objective: To explore how hermeneutics, i.e., the theory and practice of interpretation, promotes person-centered mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. \u0000Method: An excerpt of a dialogue between a patient with depression and his psychiatrist was used to illustrate how hermeneutics promotes person-centered mental health. \u0000Results: The case study, reviewed through the perspective of hermeneutics, showed that the patient needs a personal narrative to voice his COVID-19-related physical worries as well as associated psychosocial difficulties, mental health distress, and spiritual concerns. \u0000Discussion: A multi-layered personal narrative, informed by hermeneutics, ensures mental health needs are not overlooked/neglected in individuals affectedby COVID-19. \u0000Conclusion: Hermeneutics, when properly and clinically applied, promotes person-centered mental health in pandemic times.","PeriodicalId":89680,"journal":{"name":"International journal of person centered medicine","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77719704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GENEVA DECLARATION 2021 ON SELF-CARE, INTER-CARE, AND WELL-BEING IN PANDEMIC TIMES","authors":"Juan E. Mezzich","doi":"10.5750/ijpcm.v11i1.1078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5750/ijpcm.v11i1.1078","url":null,"abstract":"Emerging from the 13th Geneva Conference on Person Centered Medicine organized as a virtual event on 5–7 April 2021 by the International College of Person-Centered Medicine (ICPCM) in collaboration with the World Medical Association, the International Council of Nurses, and the Pan-American Health Organization.","PeriodicalId":89680,"journal":{"name":"International journal of person centered medicine","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77934132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Person Centered Medicine","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-17650-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17650-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89680,"journal":{"name":"International journal of person centered medicine","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78228318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}