Epidemiology Research International最新文献_第7页

Status of Plasmodium Falciparum Resistance to Sulfadoxine Pyrimethamine in Kwale County, Kenya 肯尼亚夸莱县恶性疟原虫对磺胺多辛乙胺嘧啶耐药性现状

Epidemiology Research International Pub Date : 2019-05-28 DOI: 10.24321/2455.7048.201904

Winfred K. Mutwiri

引用次数: 1

Assessment of Knowledge and Preventive Practices about Occupational Health Hazard among Safai Karmchari of Municipality in Delhi 德里市Safai karchari职业健康危害知识和预防措施评估

Epidemiology Research International Pub Date : 2019-02-15 DOI: 10.24321/2455.7048.201816

V. Patel

{"title":"Assessment of Knowledge and Preventive Practices about Occupational Health Hazard among Safai Karmchari of Municipality in Delhi","authors":"V. Patel","doi":"10.24321/2455.7048.201816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24321/2455.7048.201816","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Safai karmchari plays an important role in maintaining the health and hygiene in the cities. This job exposes safai karmchari to a variety of risk factors such as dust, volatile organic matter and mechanical stress, which makes them susceptible to certain occupational diseases. The aim of this study was to find out the awareness about occupational health hazard and safety measures practiced by safai karmchari. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study had been carried out during the month of December 2017 to mid of February 2018 in the New Delhi Municipal Council area. Primary data was collected through structured observation checklist and interview with 164 safai karmchari. The data was analyzed using Microsoft excel 2007. Results: Results shows majority of respondent had knowledge about probability of skin allergy/injury/infection while collecting garbage by hand. Most of them had knowledge about probability of traffic accident while working on street. Most of respondents had knowledge about probability of fall while sweeping slippery surface and probability of respiratory problems/eye allergy, also probability of musculoskeletal problems due to their work. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) apron with reflector, shoes, cap, mask were used by most of the safai karmchari, but few of them uses gloves while working. Conclusion: It was concluded that the knowledge about occupational hazards as well as its preventive measures was more among trained safai karmchari than in untrained safai karmchari. However, a smaller number of respondents was using PPE while working. There is a need to develop SOP for different activities and preventive measure for safai karmchari. A training program should be introduced.","PeriodicalId":89674,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology Research International","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90786192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Use of Piggybacking Strategy Successfully in a Randomized Controlled Trial on Food Safety Training of Street Food Vendors - An Example from School of Public Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India 在街头食品摊贩食品安全培训随机对照试验中成功运用背包策略——以印度昌迪加尔医学教育与研究院公共卫生学院为例

Epidemiology Research International Pub Date : 2019-02-15 DOI: 10.24321/2455.7048.201819

K. Pushkar

{"title":"Use of Piggybacking Strategy Successfully in a Randomized Controlled Trial on Food Safety Training of Street Food Vendors - An Example from School of Public Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India","authors":"K. Pushkar","doi":"10.24321/2455.7048.201819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24321/2455.7048.201819","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Piggybacking approach has been extensively used in almost every known field from physical to virtual. In our day today life, we see it use in social networking sites such as Facebook, yahoo mail where multiple applications are carried over/piggybacked on the existing basic connecting platform. In India, this strategy is commonly used in Malaria control programme by distribution of Insecticide Treated Bed Nets (ITNs) through antenatal care or during immunization campaigns for measles and polio. The advantage of piggy backing approach is multi-faceted in terms of resources, time and effort. Materials and Methods: We utilised this opportunity, to piggyback anti-tobacco campaign using health education approaches on concurrent Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) for assessing the effectiveness of food safety training interventions among street food vendors. Data entry and analysis was done using SPSS version 22.0 and descriptive statistics was used to define the numerical data. Results: So far data of 40 street food vendors (intervention arm=20 and control arm=20) has been analysed. In the intervention arm 11 (n=20) street food vendors were using tobacco in any form compared to 13 (n=20) in the control group at baseline. None of vendors in both the arm had any knowledge regarding FSSAI Act and COTPA at the baseline. 45% (n=9) in the intervention arm were washing hand after consuming any of the tobacco products at first follow up compared to 10% (n=2) at baseline. Conclusion: Piggybacking strategy can be used in public health programmes to augment one intervention over another to achieve favourable public health outcome.","PeriodicalId":89674,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology Research International","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85991362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalence of Psychiatric Morbidities in School Going Adolescents in a Rural Block of Haryana 哈里亚纳邦农村地区学龄青少年精神疾病患病率

Epidemiology Research International Pub Date : 2019-02-15 DOI: 10.24321/2455.7048.201818

Priyanka Choudhary

{"title":"Prevalence of Psychiatric Morbidities in School Going Adolescents in a Rural Block of Haryana","authors":"Priyanka Choudhary","doi":"10.24321/2455.7048.201818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24321/2455.7048.201818","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Mental health problems have increased considerably among adolescents in the past 20-30 years. According to the present estimates by World Health Organization, mental illnesses are the leading causes of disability adjusted life years globally. Objectives: To find out prevalence of psychiatric disorders among school going adolescents and to find its association with socio demographic variables. Methods and Materials: It is a school based, rural community setting with cross-sectional design. Study was conducted in 600 students (300 males and 300 females) studying in class 8 th to 12 th. A pre-designed, pre-tested tool Symptom Checklist 90 Revised containing 90 items was used to screen these students. The global severity index (GSI) was used to measure the extent or depth of individual`s psychiatric disturbances. Descriptive statistics and chi square test were used for statistical analysis. Results: Prevalence of psychiatric morbidity was found to be 35%. It increased statistical significantly with age. Females had more problems as compared to males. Maximum number of students with psychiatric morbidity were from class 12 (43%) and class 10 (37%) and from upper middle class (34.5%) followed by middle class (35.3%). Conclusion: It is concluded that more than one-third (35%) of adolescents who were apparently healthy suffered from unnoticed mental health problems.","PeriodicalId":89674,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology Research International","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82863198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Knowledge Regarding Biological Terrorism among Medical Physicians in Goa 果阿邦医生关于生物恐怖主义的知识

Epidemiology Research International Pub Date : 2019-02-15 DOI: 10.24321/2455.7048.201817

Abhishek U Bicholkar

{"title":"Knowledge Regarding Biological Terrorism among Medical Physicians in Goa","authors":"Abhishek U Bicholkar","doi":"10.24321/2455.7048.201817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24321/2455.7048.201817","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The danger of using biological warfare for mass destruction is a serious threat to this country. Thus, it is necessary that our health care services are prepared to efficiently manage any such unfortunate events that we may have to face in future. Physicians in the public and private sector of health services are the first point of contact between public and health services. Thus, the present study examines the awareness of medical physicians in Goa about biological terrorism to evaluate the need for further education in this field. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted among the medical physicians in Goa using purposive sampling method. The self-administered questionnaire collected information regarding the qualification, work setting of the study participants and knowledge regarding biological terrorism. Data was entered and analysed using SPSS version 22. Descriptive statistics was utilized to study frequencies and proportion of various study variables. Results: Of the 200 study participants, 128 (64%) were Specialist doctors, 65 (32.5%) were General physicians, while 7 (3.5%) were Super-specialist doctors. Of the 200 study participants, 174 (87%) reported that they were aware of the use of biological agent for mass destruction of human lives. As much as 34 (17%) study participants could not list any agent of bioterrorism. Conclusion: The knowledge of medical physician in Goa regarding bioterrorism is low, which is a matter of concern as these medical professionals are the first point of contact for the patients affected by an attack of bioterrorism.","PeriodicalId":89674,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology Research International","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72700362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Anxiety among Adolescent Students and its Association with Socio Demographic Variables in a Rural Block of Haryana 哈里亚纳邦农村地区青少年学生焦虑及其与社会人口变量的关系

Epidemiology Research International Pub Date : 2018-11-17 DOI: 10.24321/2455.7048.201811

Priyanka Choudhary

{"title":"Anxiety among Adolescent Students and its Association with Socio Demographic Variables in a Rural Block of Haryana","authors":"Priyanka Choudhary","doi":"10.24321/2455.7048.201811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24321/2455.7048.201811","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Anxiety is one of the most common psychological disorders in school-aged children and adolescents worldwide. Anxiety is associated with substantial negative effects on children’s social, emotional and academic success. Objectives: To find out the prevalence of anxiety among adolescent students and its association with socio-demographic factors in rural block Beri. Methods: It was a cross sectional study taking the sample size of 600 (300 males and 300 females) studying in class 8th to 12th. A pre-designed, pre-tested tool SCL 90 R containing 90 items was used to screen anxiety in these students. Anxiety is one of the psychiatric morbidities screened by this tool. Cut off point of estimated raw score of 1 was used to label as anxiety. Results: It was observed that nearly 18.5% adolescents suffered from anxiety. Anxiety was highest in 17-19 years age group (30.4%) followed by mid adolescence phase (13-16 years). Anxiety was maximum in 10 th and 12 th standard students which were 19.3% and 24% respectively. It was significantly high among females (23.7%) than males (13.7%). Anxiety was maximum in upper and lower socio-economic class of students with 24.1% and 22.3% respectively. It was more among students whose mothers were unemployed (19.5%) than those whose mothers were employed (14.6%). Conclusion: More than one – third (35%) of study subjects who were apparently healthy suffered from unnoticed anxiety. Appropriate counseling through school-based screening programme is the urgent need of the hour.","PeriodicalId":89674,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology Research International","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73342304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study to Assess the Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Blood Donation among Students of Gandhi Medical College and TIT Engineering College, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India 印度中央邦博帕尔甘地医学院和TIT工程学院学生献血知识、态度和行为评估研究

Epidemiology Research International Pub Date : 2018-11-17 DOI: 10.24321/2455.7048.201815

Pradeep Dohare

{"title":"Study to Assess the Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Blood Donation among Students of Gandhi Medical College and TIT Engineering College, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India","authors":"Pradeep Dohare","doi":"10.24321/2455.7048.201815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24321/2455.7048.201815","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The WHO theme for World Blood Donor Day 2011 was “More blood More life”. This theme reinforced the urgent need for more people all over the world to become life-savers by volunteering to donate blood regularly. Blood can save millions of lives. The requirement of blood and blood products in a country depends on the population, health care structure, prevalence of conditions requiring regular transfusions, such as hemophilia and thalassemia etc. Aim: To assess and improve the knowledge attitude and practice of blood donation among undergraduate college students of GMC & TIT Engineering College Bhopal. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted for a period of 6 months from July 2017 to December 2017 among 500 college students of GMC & TIT Engineering College, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India using convenience sampling, where blood donation camps were to be held. Data was collected through self-administered questionnaires and analyzed by Epi info-7 software. Results: The overall knowledge on blood donation among total respondents was increased from 28.9% to 52.6%. In our sample size of 500 after making them aware regarding blood donation and its benefits 193 respondents gave consent and showed positive attitude towards donation. Most common reason for donating blood was a sense of social responsibility and most common reason of non-donation was fear of the procedure. An 85% of the students were of the view that they would donate blood if asked. Students suggested that small incentives like certificates and arranging transport for blood donation would make it easier to donate. Conclusion: After assessment of all 500 individuals we came to the conclusion that awareness and knowledge among students and individuals was increased from 28.9% to 52.7%. And after encouraging all individuals for donation and keeping a target of 100 unit’s collection, we were able to collect 193 units in the course of our project.","PeriodicalId":89674,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology Research International","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78630148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalence of Hypertension among Medical Students with Positive Familial History of Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus in a Medical College of Delhi 德里某医学院高血压及糖尿病家族史医学生高血压患病率调查

Epidemiology Research International Pub Date : 2018-11-17 DOI: 10.24321/2455.7048.201814

A. Jani

{"title":"Prevalence of Hypertension among Medical Students with Positive Familial History of Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus in a Medical College of Delhi","authors":"A. Jani","doi":"10.24321/2455.7048.201814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24321/2455.7048.201814","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Genetic basis of hypertension and familial aggregation are both well demonstrated and established in the research. We attempted to find out that college going (in a medical college in the present study) students have presence or not of high blood pressure in them during 18 - 25 age group with a positive familial history. Objective: To determine the prevalence of hypertension in medical students with positive family history of hypertension alone and/or with diabetes mellitus in a medical college in New Delhi. Methods: A total of 300 students were included in the study and data was collected with the help of questionnaire particularly on familial histories of students. The BP was measured using standard electronic sphygmomanometer after proper calibration. There were two parallel case control studies: Results: Study I: 9% subjects were hypertensive in those with positive history of hypertension in family (Group I) compared to 4% subjects in those who did not have (Group II) with Odds ratio of 2.37 (C.I. = 0.7 – 1.9), which was insignificant (P value = 0.15). Study II: Eight (8%) students had hypertension with a family history of hypertension and diabetes both and four (4%) students had hypertension without a family history of either hypertension or diabetes. The Odds ratio was 2.08 (C.I. = 0.6 – 7.16) which was insignificant (P Value = 0.23). Conclusion: Since there was insignificant association between positive family history and presence of hypertension in this age group, we can attribute this to lower age group or smaller sample size. A study with higher age group and larger sample size is warranted. Since Hypertension is an iceberg disease early detection in this age group can be done by other parameters or biomarkers (other than BP measurements) like Lipoprotein (a) and Apo-lipoprotein B, insulin resistance and endothelial activation etc.","PeriodicalId":89674,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology Research International","volume":"32 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72496153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hypertension and its Associated Risk Factors Detected through Portable Mobile Lab at PHC, Najafgarh, Delhi 通过德里纳贾格尔初级保健中心的便携式移动实验室检测高血压及其相关危险因素

Epidemiology Research International Pub Date : 2018-11-17 DOI: 10.24321/2455.7048.201813

N. Tripathi

{"title":"Hypertension and its Associated Risk Factors Detected through Portable Mobile Lab at PHC, Najafgarh, Delhi","authors":"N. Tripathi","doi":"10.24321/2455.7048.201813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24321/2455.7048.201813","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Hypertension (HTN) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disorders and stroke, which are the leading cause of mortality in India. Its detection is necessary to prevent complications particularly in rural and remote areas. Due to shortage of professional human resources, alternative methods are needed. Objectives: To detect prevalence of hypertension and its associated risk factors in the rural population of Delhi through an innovative and cost-effective portable mobile lab. Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Rural Health Training Centre (RHTC) Najafgarh, Delhi among 500 adult subjects aged 18 years and above who were attending the outpatient department (OPD). WHO STEPS approach was used to collect data. Lipid profile and blood sugar was measured along with BP and BMI. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 16. p-value less than 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: The prevalence rate of hypertension was 20.2% among study subjects. Hypertension was significantly higher in individuals more than 55 years than those less than 55 years. Hypertension was higher in those who were physically inactive, smokers, alcohol & tobacco users in comparison of non-users. Subjects with hypertension had significantly raised level of triglyceride, total cholesterol and blood sugar. Conclusion: Portable mobile lab was useful tool to detect hypertension and its risk factors. Prevalence of Hypertension was high in rural areas in Delhi. Age, high blood sugar, triglycerides and cholesterol levels were significantly associated with hypertension.","PeriodicalId":89674,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology Research International","volume":"165 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78867524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

CD4 Count as a Determinant in Clinicalepidemiological Profile of HIV Positive Patients: A Cross-sectional Study CD4计数作为HIV阳性患者临床流行病学特征的决定因素:一项横断面研究

Epidemiology Research International Pub Date : 2018-11-17 DOI: 10.24321/2455.7048.201812

A. Rashmi

{"title":"CD4 Count as a Determinant in Clinicalepidemiological Profile of HIV Positive Patients: A Cross-sectional Study","authors":"A. Rashmi","doi":"10.24321/2455.7048.201812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24321/2455.7048.201812","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: With anti-retroviral drugs mortality from HIV has reduced over the past decade. There is a decline in deaths due to HIV/AIDS evident since mid- 2000’s. Progression of disease to different stages largely depends on the immune status of the individual. A depleting CD4 count correlates with progression of HIV. Hence, this study was carried out with the objective to find the various factors affecting the CD4 count. Materials and Methods: Information was gathered from a total of 1000 patient’s on ART medication attending the ART centre at the district government hospital was collected for a period of one year. Descriptive statistics, one sample t test and ANOVA were used for analysis. Results: 71.4% of the attendees the CD4 count was below 500 cells/mm3. The mean CD4 was significantly higher in: Females [Mean = 450.72 +/-213.63 (p = 0.001)]. It was also significantly different with respect to adherence, duration of disease, habits and opportunistic infections. Conclusion: CD4 count was influenced by gender, age, duration of disease and treatment and by personal habits like smoking and alcohol. It alone can be taken as a predictor of disease progression.","PeriodicalId":89674,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology Research International","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78195614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0