Epidemiology Research International最新文献

Involvement of Medical Colleges in Implementation of National Strategic Plan 2023-27 for Leprosy Elimination: A Roadmap 医学院参与实施2023-27年国家消灭麻风病战略计划:路线图

Epidemiology Research International Pub Date : 2023-08-11 DOI: 10.24321/2455.7048.202307

Jugal Kishore

引用次数: 0

Dementia and Alzheimerâ€™s Disease: Public Health Perspectives in India 痴呆症和阿尔茨海默病:印度的公共卫生观点

Epidemiology Research International Pub Date : 2023-04-05 DOI: 10.24321/2455.7048.202303

Jugal Kishore

引用次数: 0

Assessment of Health-impacting Behaviours among Youth in Rural Karnataka 卡纳塔克邦农村青年影响健康行为的评估

Epidemiology Research International Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.24321/2455.7048.202306

Arvind A Banavaram

{"title":"Assessment of Health-impacting Behaviours among Youth in Rural Karnataka","authors":"Arvind A Banavaram","doi":"10.24321/2455.7048.202306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24321/2455.7048.202306","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Youth and youth development has received the much-needed attention in the state of Karnataka. However, a lack of comprehensive understanding of the various health-impacting behaviours among youth in the state and among rural youth, in particular, has been a barrier to developing effective evidence-based policies for them. Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken exclusively among youths (16-30 years) in Srinivasapura taluk of Kolar district during 2017- 2018. A stratified two-stage cluster sample with probability proportionate to population size (PPS) sampling technique was employed to interview 940 youths. Information on various health-impacting behaviours was collected using structured and standardised questionnaires. Results: A considerable proportion of young people in the study area engage in one or more health-impacting behaviours. The prevalence of various health-impacting behaviours ranged from 0.1% for gambling\u0002related activities to 99% for having less than five daily servings of fruits and/ or vegetables. Verbal or emotional abuse was the most common form of violence among youth in the study area. The risk of depression (0.40%) and anxiety (5.20%) was also common among study participants. Hazardous use and alcohol dependence among current alcohol users was 25.8% and 17.7% respectively. Conclusion: Several health-impacting behaviours are commonly observed among youth in Srinivasapura taluk of Kolar district which is concerning and needs immediate attention. However, a more comprehensive study focusing on overall youth health and its determinants is recommended at the state level for effective programme and policy planning. How to cite this article:Arvind BA, Rao GN, Pradeep BS, Saraswat N, Srivastava A, Roy A, Akashanand. Assessment of Health-impacting Behaviours among Youth in Rural Karnataka. Epidem Int. 2023;8(1):22-34. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2455.7048.202306","PeriodicalId":89674,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology Research International","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135951093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Airborne Infection Control as Right to Life in the Indian Constitution: How Indian Polity is Paving the Way for the Future 空气传染控制作为印度宪法中的生命权:印度政体如何为未来铺平道路

Epidemiology Research International Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.24321/2455.7048.202304

Raja Singh

引用次数: 0

Occurrence of Accident and Safety Culture in the Construction Industry of Bhutan 不丹建筑业的事故发生与安全文化

Epidemiology Research International Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.24321/2455.7048.202305

Phuntsho Dendup

{"title":"Occurrence of Accident and Safety Culture in the Construction Industry of Bhutan","authors":"Phuntsho Dendup","doi":"10.24321/2455.7048.202305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24321/2455.7048.202305","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The global construction industry is highly dangerous, accounting for one in five fatalities, particularly prevalent in developing countries. As construction activities surge in Bhutan, safety standards and the occurrence of accidents have become concerning. This article aims to examine fatal and non-fatal accidents and safety culture in Bhutan’s construction industry Methods: A desk review was conducted to examine reports and documents related to construction accidents in Bhutan. Additionally, a cross-sectional study was carried out at various construction sites, including roads, bridges, buildings, and hydropower projects. The sample size consisted of 208 participants, selected with consideration of a 6.76% margin of error (e) at a 95% confidence level, assuming a standard deviation of 50% (d = 0.5). Results: The construction industry has the highest frequency of workplace accidents, particularly fatal ones, compared to other sectors. Despite a decrease in the accident rate over time, it remains significantly elevated. This study found that 26.4% of construction workers experience annual accidents. Workers who didn’t use personal protective equipment (39.1%) or used it sporadically (23.7%) had higher accident rates. The safety culture in construction workplaces generally showed an acceptable level, with a mean score of three or higher. However, workers with low safety behavior and moderate scores in safety leadership, communication, training, and awareness exhibited higher rates of non-fatal accidents. Conclusion: Construction workers in Bhutan face a higher risk of workplace accidents and injuries. Contributing factors include insufficient safety training and awareness, ineffective safety leadership and communication, and the prevalence of unsafe behaviors among workers. How to cite this article:Dendup P, Wangchuk P. Occurrence of Accident and Safety Culture in the Construction Industry of Bhutan. Epidem Int. 2023;8(1):14-21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2455.7048.202305","PeriodicalId":89674,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology Research International","volume":"211 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135951092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Status of Malaria in the W.H.O. Region of Africa 世卫组织非洲区域的疟疾状况

Epidemiology Research International Pub Date : 2023-01-23 DOI: 10.24321/2455.7048.202302

Arvind Nath

{"title":"Status of Malaria in the W.H.O. Region of Africa","authors":"Arvind Nath","doi":"10.24321/2455.7048.202302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24321/2455.7048.202302","url":null,"abstract":"Background: No attempt had been made so far to compare the status of Malaria in countries belonging to the W.H.O. Region of Africa. This study is an attempt in that direction.Objectives: The objective of this paper is to present a birds-eye view of the Malaria situation in the W.H.O. Region of Africa.Methods: The study design included online searches related to Malaria for each country such as from the W.H.O. as well as other international organization websites.Results: Four countries (Algeria, Lesotho, Mauritius, and Seychelles) are certified to be free from Malaria. Cabo Verde, which has not reported local transmission of Malaria for 3 years as of January 2021 May soonjoin this list. Forty-two countries (Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Cote dâ€™Ivoire, Democratic Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea,Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal,Sierra Leone, South Africa, South Sudan, Togo, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe) continue to report high rates of Malaria transmission.Conclusion: Many countries in the W.H.O. Region of Africa are yet to receive certification for Malaria elimination. How to cite this article:Nath A. Status of Malaria in the W.H.O. Region of Africa. Epidem Int. 2022;8(1):5-10.DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2455.7048.202302","PeriodicalId":89674,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology Research International","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136356976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Qualitative study on perception of parents, pan shop vendorâ€™s and teachers about tobacco use among school going students to understand the reason of tobacco use. 通过对在校学生家长、烟店摊贩、教师对吸烟认知的定性研究，了解在校学生吸烟的原因。

Epidemiology Research International Pub Date : 2023-01-23 DOI: 10.24321/2455.7048.202301

Nikhil Patil

{"title":"Qualitative study on perception of parents, pan shop vendorâ€™s and teachers about tobacco use among school going students to understand the reason of tobacco use.","authors":"Nikhil Patil","doi":"10.24321/2455.7048.202301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24321/2455.7048.202301","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Tobacco use among school children is a serious problem in India. This study aims to understand the perception of parents, pan shop vendorâ€™s and teachers about tobacco use among school-going students in South Mumbai. Methods: Qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted in South Mumbai among pan shop vendors, parents, and teachers to understand the reason for tobacco use among school going children. Results: Qualitative analysis revealed that students consume tobacco because of their family background, peer pressure, bad friendship, TV and media. Washrooms and rooftops are common for tobacco consumption; they use tobacco to create an identity that of an adult or mature person. Students force each other for having a minimum one puff of cigarette and hookah.Conclusion: Awareness programs through intervention should be implemented among students to educate them about the health risks associated with tobacco consumption and alternative safe methods to create a positive identity. How to cite this article:Patil N, Pattanshetty S, Narayanan P, Rayamane K, Rane P. Epidem Int. 2023;8(1):1-4. DOI: https://doi.org/2010.24321/2455.7048.202301","PeriodicalId":89674,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology Research International","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136356977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Survival of 21 Dogs after Post-exposure Prophylaxis using Intra-dermal Rabies Vaccine in the Pre-scapular Region and Emergency Use of Expired Equine Rabies Immunoglobulin for Local Wound Infiltration in Victims of a Rabid Dog Bite using One Health Approach 21只犬暴露后肩胛骨前皮内注射狂犬病疫苗和使用过期马狂犬病免疫球蛋白紧急治疗犬咬伤局部伤口浸润的生存观察

Epidemiology Research International Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.24321/2455.7048.202215

A. Sharma

{"title":"Survival of 21 Dogs after Post-exposure Prophylaxis using Intra-dermal Rabies Vaccine in the Pre-scapular Region and Emergency Use of Expired Equine Rabies Immunoglobulin for Local Wound Infiltration in Victims of a Rabid Dog Bite using One Health Approach","authors":"A. Sharma","doi":"10.24321/2455.7048.202215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24321/2455.7048.202215","url":null,"abstract":"Rabies is a 100% fatal zoonotic disease and is preventable through timely and adequate Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP). World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH) haven’t issued any guidelines for PEP for rabies in animals, still in certain Indian states like Himachal Pradesh (HP) PEP regimen with active immunization on 0,3,7,14 and 28 days mostly by Intramuscular Rabies Vaccine (IMRV) is being followed. Recently in Rampur Bushahar, a suspected rabid dog later laboratory confirmed had bitten 21 dogs, 2 cows, and 2 men. We employed PEP in animals using Raksharab vaccine intra-dermally (IDRV) (0.2 ml, pre-scapular region) on days 0, 3,7,14, and 28 along with only local wound infiltration of eRIG in 8 out of 11 bitten dogs with Category III exposure. Furthermore, 3 noncooperative dogs with Category III exposure were given IMRV (1ml) on day 0,3,7,14,28 with only wound infiltration of eRIG. 2 Cows were administered 0.2 ml IDRV in the skin at the middle of the neck with only wound infiltration of eRIG. Human bite victims also received 0.1 ml IDRV at 2 sites in the deltoid region on days 0,3, and 7 along with wound infiltration of eRIG at the nearby health center. Serum samples were collected for Rapid Fluorescent Focus Inhibition Test (RFFIT) for estimation of Rabies Vaccine Neutralizing Antibody (RVNA) titer after day 14 for 8 dogs, 2 cows, and human bite victims, and all had RVNA titer >0.5 IU/ml on day 14 except one in IMRV group. None of the bitten victims had clinical manifestations of rabies even after 1 year of follow-up. This indicates wound infiltration with eRIG along with the vaccine could be a life-saving protocol. Also using expired eRIG in emergencies was safe and life saving in animals. Expired eRIG used was later tested and was found to be potent.","PeriodicalId":89674,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology Research International","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77489791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Changes in Lifestyle, Food Choices, Sleeping Habits, and Physical Activities during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Analysis of Data after the First Lockdown Period from Three States of India 2019冠状病毒病大流行期间生活方式、食物选择、睡眠习惯和体育活动的变化:对印度三个邦首次封锁期后数据的分析

Epidemiology Research International Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.24321/2455.7048.202217

Tamanna Nazli

{"title":"Changes in Lifestyle, Food Choices, Sleeping Habits, and Physical Activities during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Analysis of Data after the First Lockdown Period from Three States of India","authors":"Tamanna Nazli","doi":"10.24321/2455.7048.202217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24321/2455.7048.202217","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The COVID-19 pandemic led to a substantial influence on the lifestyle of individuals. This article focuses to investigate the changes in lifestyle behaviour, food choice, sleeping habit, and physical activities that occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted and data were captured through a web-based application questionnaire using a convenience sample method among individuals visiting health camps under the mobile healthcare programme conducted by three peripheral institutes of Central Council for Research of Unani Medicine in identified pockets of three different states in India to assess the impact of the COVID-19 induced lockdown on changes in their lifestyle, food preferences, physical activity, and social life among the population. Results: The data were obtained from 1007 cases in total between the age group of 15 and 90 years. The lockdown resulted in an alteration in the lifestyle as manifested by a change in food choices (65.4%), a change in sleeping routine (65.1%), a reduction in physical activity (63.7%), and a change in social life (68.9%) of the participants. A notably increased use of traditional medicine and herbal preparations has been reported by the study participants during the lockdown. Conclusions: Isolation, fear, distress, and social stigma caused various lifestyle changes and psychological problems among people during the first lockdown.","PeriodicalId":89674,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology Research International","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79766945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Challenges Faced by Health Facilities in Implementing Antimicrobial Stewardship Program: A Narrative Review 卫生机构在实施抗菌素管理计划中面临的挑战:叙述性回顾

Epidemiology Research International Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.24321/2455.7048.202218

A. Bahl

{"title":"Challenges Faced by Health Facilities in Implementing Antimicrobial Stewardship Program: A Narrative Review","authors":"A. Bahl","doi":"10.24321/2455.7048.202218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24321/2455.7048.202218","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) has become a significant world-wide health problem. Antimicrobial use though necessary, overusing/misusing can have detrimental long-term effects. Managing AMR involves a lot of challenges, therefore appropriate strategies must be developed to overcome them. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search using web-based search engines employing a combination of search terms. The search yielded 404 papers between 2000 and 2021. We took up Forty-four papers fulfilling the inclusion-exclusion criteria for review. Results: The challenges identified from studies in implementing the Antimicrobial Stewardship Program (AMSP) include the administration’s lack of knowledge, a deficit of resources, staff turnover, resistance to change, delay in Culture and Drug Sensitivity Testing (CDST), inadequate training, patient expectations, and insufficient Electronic Medical Records (EMR). Conclusion: Antimicrobial resistance is a growing public health concern that all stakeholders must address. Improvements in antimicrobial consumption reporting and locally tailored guidelines can help to ensure successful implementation.","PeriodicalId":89674,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology Research International","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76738496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0