Epidemiology Research International最新文献_第5页

Clinico-epidemiological Profile and Social Stigma in Hospitalised RT-PCR Confirmed COVID-19 Cases with and without Comorbidity 住院RT-PCR确诊COVID-19病例的临床流行病学特征和社会污名，有或无合并症

Epidemiology Research International Pub Date : 2021-03-30 DOI: 10.24321/2455.7048.202101

Tamanna Nazli

{"title":"Clinico-epidemiological Profile and Social Stigma in Hospitalised RT-PCR Confirmed COVID-19 Cases with and without Comorbidity","authors":"Tamanna Nazli","doi":"10.24321/2455.7048.202101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24321/2455.7048.202101","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The unprecedented COVID-19 outbreak has now spread to every nook of the world. It has contributed to an enormous adverse impact globally. Persons of every age group are likely to get infected but elderly people or those with comorbidities could develop a more serious illness. Objectives: To describe the clinico-demographic characteristics, various risk factors, and COVID-19 related social stigma among 135 hospitalised patients in north India and to find an association by comparing it with comorbidity. Methods: The present study is an observational analytical study carried out on 135 patients with RT-PCR confirmed cases admitted in a tertiary care hospital India aged between 15-79 years. Data were collected in a validated questionnaire specially designed for COVID-19 by National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC). Result: A total of 135 patients were included (median age, 40 years [interquartile range {IQR}, 54-29; range, 15-79 years]; 62.9% Male). The presenting symptoms at the time of admission were fever (57.0%), cough (43.0%), fatigue (42.2%), and breathlessness (28.1%). The most prevalent comorbidities were hypertension (20%), diabetes (14.1%), thyroid disorder (6.7%), cardiovascular diseases (3.7%), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (4.4%) and 23.7% patients reported having at least one comorbidity. Patients without pre-existing diseases have more social stigma as compared to patients with comorbidities. Twenty eight percent reported use of AYUSH therapies as prophylactic measures. Conclusion: This study describes the clinico-demographic profile, baseline comorbidities, and social stigma associated with COVID-19 patients. Patients having comorbidity have less stigma, however, the family of both the groups were worried and supportive.","PeriodicalId":89674,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology Research International","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91214224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Study of Allergic Rhinitis by using RAP Questionnaire and Skin Lesions in a Group of Shoe Factory Workers in India: A Cross-sectional Study 用RAP问卷和皮肤病变对印度一组鞋厂工人变应性鼻炎的研究:一项横断面研究

Epidemiology Research International Pub Date : 2021-03-30 DOI: 10.24321/2455.7048.202105

Amita Mital

{"title":"Study of Allergic Rhinitis by using RAP Questionnaire and Skin Lesions in a Group of Shoe Factory Workers in India: A Cross-sectional Study","authors":"Amita Mital","doi":"10.24321/2455.7048.202105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24321/2455.7048.202105","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The footwear industry is a significant segment of leather industry in India. Workers in shoe industry are exposed to mixtures of organic solvents used for colouring, adhesion, cleaning and fumes which could lead to respiratory and skin problems. Objectives: To study allergic rhinitis symptoms and examine skin lesions in workers exposed to harmful agents in footwear industry. Methodology: It is a cross-sectional study conducted in November 2018 for 4 days among industrial workers in a selected factory of Footwear Park, developed by the Haryana State Industrial Development Corporation (HSIDC) of Bahadurgarh. RAP (Respiratory Allergy Prediction test) questionnaire for allergic rhinitis and questions on type and number of skin lesions were asked. Result: 51 workers were selected for the study. Workers involved in printing and moulding responded positively to one or more than one questions of RAP questionnaire used for screening allergic rhinitis. 31.4% had itching, 27.5% had papules, 7.8% had blisters, 7.8% had oozing, and 15.7% had dry/ scaly skin. Itching, papules, blisters, oozing, and dry/ scaly skin were found only on the head/ neck, hands and arms/ forearms with no involvement of lower legs and trunk. Skin problems like itching and papules were significantly associated with printing and moulding of shoes (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Shoe-making involves exposure to many hazardous compounds and toxic fumes that may cause allergic rhinitis as well as skin allergies in the form of skin lesions especially those involved in printing and moulding of shoes.","PeriodicalId":89674,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology Research International","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77125723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Epidemiological Study on Risk Factors of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 慢性阻塞性肺疾病危险因素的流行病学研究

Epidemiology Research International Pub Date : 2021-03-30 DOI: 10.24321/2455.7048.202104

P. Ish

{"title":"An Epidemiological Study on Risk Factors of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","authors":"P. Ish","doi":"10.24321/2455.7048.202104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24321/2455.7048.202104","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide and is expected to increase in the coming decades due to increasing air pollution. In a country like India, it is a challenge to control the growing incidence of COPD. For this, it is imperative to understand the various risk factors that lead to the development of COPD including smoking and the ever-worsening environmental air pollution levels. Material and Methods: This prospective case-control study was carried out at the out-patient clinic of pulmonary medicine at our tertiary care centre. Clinical severity data, demographic characteristics, smoking history, and particulate matter (PM) 2.5 levels at the residence of the patients were recorded. A total of 182 cases of COPD and 365 controls were taken. Result: COPD was found to be common among males (69.2%), among the factory workers, drivers and roadside vendors and in elderly age groups. COPD was found to be associated with exposure to active and passive smoking (p < 0.05). Exposure to dust, fumes, and smoke at the workplace was significantly more prevalent among the COPD patients (13.2%) than the control group (2.7%). Besides, 61.5% of the COPD patients were residing in the area with PM 2.5 levels > 60μg/m3 which was significantly greater than the controls (44.9%). Conclusion: The main risk factor for COPD is exposure to active and passive tobacco smoking. Other environmental factors such as exposure to dust, fumes at the workplace and home are also associated with COPD. Level of PM 2.5 > 60 μg/m3 is associated with an increased risk of COPD. Thus, the environmental history of residence in Delhi or a city with high AQI is significant in evaluating a COPD patient. It is important to understand the contribution of these risk factors as curbing and curtailing them can help prevent and control the growing burden of COPD.","PeriodicalId":89674,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology Research International","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72700416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Computer Vision Syndrome among Medical Students in Goa 果阿邦医学生计算机视觉综合征的知识、态度与实践

Epidemiology Research International Pub Date : 2021-03-30 DOI: 10.24321/2455.7048.202102

T. Raiturcar

引用次数: 0

Experience and Challenges for Establishing Quarantine Facility for Suspected COVID-19 Cases: Field Briefing 建立新型冠状病毒肺炎疑似病例隔离设施的经验与挑战:现场简报

Epidemiology Research International Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-115158/v1

S. Garg, Akshay Kumar, Tushar Nale, N. Verma, M. Dhuria, S. Jain, S. Singh

{"title":"Experience and Challenges for Establishing Quarantine Facility for Suspected COVID-19 Cases: Field Briefing","authors":"S. Garg, Akshay Kumar, Tushar Nale, N. Verma, M. Dhuria, S. Jain, S. Singh","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-115158/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-115158/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Due to unprecedented SARS-CoV2 pandemic, in late January 2020, many countries in the world imposed travel ban. The governments across the world initiated repatriation operations for stranded nationals. It was important to instantly develop quarantine facilities for evacuees. As the disease was fairly new, data on it was sparse to fulfil the requirement. With this article, we are sharing our experience of establishing and managing India’s first quarantine facility for repatriate nationals focusing on key parameters including infection prevention & control, environmental cleaning and bio-medical waste management along with basic living requirements. The facility housed a total of 617 evacuees from China and Italy out of who 17 turned out positive on initial testing constituting 27.55% and one tested positive on the 14th day testing. Mindful of the level of exposure 25 contacts were traced and were prescribed additional quarantine period of fourteen days in the facility and discharged accordingly. All evacuees were put on community surveillance under State Surveillance Units by the Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme. Supply of logistics, manpower management and ensuring compliance to protocols were some of the major challenges faced. Appropriate actions were designed and taken to address them. In conclusion, impeccable collaboration and coordination between different stakeholders is most essential ingredient for successful operation of any quarantine facility in the context of current pandemic.","PeriodicalId":89674,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology Research International","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83262521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Impact of Training of Medical Students on COVID-19: Goa Medical College February 2020 医学生培训对COVID-19的影响:果阿医学院2020年2月

Epidemiology Research International Pub Date : 2020-11-20 DOI: 10.24321/2455.7048.202028

Akshaya V Naik

{"title":"The Impact of Training of Medical Students on COVID-19: Goa Medical College February 2020","authors":"Akshaya V Naik","doi":"10.24321/2455.7048.202028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24321/2455.7048.202028","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infection caused by a newly found strain of coronavirus which is now named as SARS CoV- 2. Since there is no cure yet against this deadly disease, preventive measures remains the mainstay till date. Healthcare workers being the frontline workers in this pandemic need to have adequate knowledge about the disease to tackle and revert this pandemic. Thus the present study aimed to assess the impact of training sessions on knowledge and attitudes towards COVID-19 among undergraduate MBBS students in Goa Medical College. Method: The present study was a descriptive study carried out using the pre-test and post-test questionnaire that was collected during the COVID-19 training held for first year MBBS students of Goa Medical College. EpiData 3.1 was used for entry of the data. The results were analysed using SPSS software version 22. Result: A total of 161 MBBS students participated in the study. It was seen that knowledge regarding various aspects of COVID-19 like the new nomenclature of the novel virus (28%), symptoms (42%), mode of spread (78.9%), and concept of social distancing (50.3%) was poor among the students which improved significantly after the training session. Conclusion: With more and more ongoing researches on COVID-19 worldwide, new updates will get added to its epidemiology with time. Health care workers being the frontline workers need to keep themselves updated with the latest knowledge. Regular training sessions can enlighten the health care providers with the much needed updates which will further help to improve their skills in prevention and management of COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":89674,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology Research International","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81091955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Epidemic Trajectory in the Absence of Non-Pharmacological Interventions in India: An Insight into Post Vaccine Introduction Phase 印度缺乏非药物干预的流行病轨迹:对疫苗引入后阶段的洞察

Epidemiology Research International Pub Date : 2020-11-20 DOI: 10.24321/2455.7048.202027

M. Dhuria

{"title":"Epidemic Trajectory in the Absence of Non-Pharmacological Interventions in India: An Insight into Post Vaccine Introduction Phase","authors":"M. Dhuria","doi":"10.24321/2455.7048.202027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24321/2455.7048.202027","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Non-Pharmacological Interventions (NPIs) have proven to be effective in controlling and reducing the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the population. During the year 2020, before vaccine introduction, India has been through various phases of COVID-19 pandemic response such as nationwide lockdown phase 1 to 4 and unlock phases 1-8. Although India’s vaccination program against COVID-19 has started, it is still in the initial phases and considering the humongous population of India, coverage of entire population with vaccine needs time. Methodology: We designed a model showing the projections of expected incident cases of COVID-19 under two scenarios for the month of February 2021. In the first scenario, Rt value expected to be observed during February 2021 if all the NPIs are removed was considered. In the second scenario, Rt value projected as per the current trend with NPIs in place was considered. Model projections of both these scenarios were done for India and also for Delhi. Result: Our simulation model quantifies the effect of Non-pharmacological interventions on the current pandemic situation in India and Delhi, which concludes that relaxation in preventive measures or COVID-19 appropriate behaviors or ceasing of NPIs shall see an exponential rise in the daily incident cases. Comparing the trajectories for India and Delhi, it can be deduced that if NPIs cease to exist for one month, the daily incident cases can be many times higher of normal in India and also in Delhi by the end of February 2021. Conclusion: NPIs remain to play a major role in containing the spread and minimizing the effects of COVID-19 pandemic. Any kind of relaxation in NPIs can lead to sudden surge of incident cases and correspondingly may increase the death toll.","PeriodicalId":89674,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology Research International","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90359015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Perspective on India’s Fight against COVID - 19 印度抗击COVID - 19的视角

Epidemiology Research International Pub Date : 2020-04-09 DOI: 10.24321/2455.7048.202005

Anil Kumar

{"title":"A Perspective on India’s Fight against COVID - 19","authors":"Anil Kumar","doi":"10.24321/2455.7048.202005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24321/2455.7048.202005","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID - 19 pandemic which has affected 209 countries/ territories, infected more than a million persons and claimed more than 50 thousands human lives worldwide (till 4th April, 2020). It is caused by SARS-CoV-2 a novel virus genetically similar to SARS virus and reported first in Wuhan, China. In India, the first case was reported in January and until 5th April, 2020 it has spread to 29 States/UTs, affected more than 3 thousand. The fate of this disease in India is to be determined by three elements of epidemiology, i.e. agent, host and environment. The agent is novel, but it has been reported that there are two strains of SARS-CoV-2 under circulation out of which one is more aggressive and spread quickly. As the susceptibility to the virus is there in Indian population, like other countries but its presentation in hosts which range from asymptomatic to severe pneumonia would be affected by the innate immunity of hosts and small proportion of population belonging to high risk group. In addition, the weather of India may also act as an impediment to the fatalities this disease may cause. The measures taken by India first to restrict the entry of this agent in community and further to interrupt its transmission are exemplary. However, still there is need to be future ready and plan strategically, learning from success and failure of other countries. In order to tackle this pandemic, there is need to strengthen the existing medical infrastructure to take care of advance stage of COVID-19 patients and quality epidemiological investigation of COVID - 19 cases at the community level. \u0000How to cite this article:Karotia D, Kumar A. A Perspective on India’s Fight against COVID - 19. Epidem Int 2020; 5(1): 22-28.","PeriodicalId":89674,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology Research International","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73166390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

COVID-19 and Mental Health COVID-19与心理健康

Epidemiology Research International Pub Date : 2020-03-19 DOI: 10.24321/2455.7048.202002

R. Jiloha

{"title":"COVID-19 and Mental Health","authors":"R. Jiloha","doi":"10.24321/2455.7048.202002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24321/2455.7048.202002","url":null,"abstract":"The infection caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) started from China and reached the whole world and was declared as pandemic by WHO. The COVID 19 poses challenges in all aspects of life including mental health for the entire human race. In the disturbed and crisis situation, the mental health care of people at different levels carries great importance: promotion, prevention and clinical care. First of all, we should not refer “COVID-19 case,” “victim,” “COVID-19 family,” but “person who have COVID-19,” “people who are being treated for COVID-19”, etc. Social distancing is a public health strategy to limit the spread of COVID-19. There may be a feeling of ostracism, abandonment and being neglected in people, particularly the elderly when they are isolated. Older adults, especially in isolation and those with cognitive decline or dementia, may become more anxious, angry, stressed, agitated, and withdrawn during the outbreak or while in quarantine. These people need emotional support through informal networks (families) and health professionals. Maintaining social networks in situations of isolations is essential for mental health. The treating physician should ensure basic emotional and practical support to affected people. Children need special attention to express their fear and sadness. \u0000Media has highlighted COVID-19 as a unique threat, rather than one of many, which has added to panic, stress, and the potential for hysteria. Information should be sought from WHO website and government health authorities’ platforms, in order to distinguish facts from rumours. Individuals with mental illness may be particularly vulnerable to the effects of widespread panic and threat. Instead of harassment, people with COVID 19 should be offer compassion, support via phone and texts, and assistance as appropriate, but never hostility or judgment. \u0000How to cite this article:Jiloha RC. COVID-19 and Mental Health. Epidem Int 2020; 5(1): 7-9. \u0000DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2455.7048.202002","PeriodicalId":89674,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology Research International","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73412393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 185

Analysing the Propagation of the Coronavirus Epidemic: The Case of Wuhan in Hubei Province, China 冠状病毒流行的传播分析——以湖北省武汉市为例

Epidemiology Research International Pub Date : 2020-03-19 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3561384

M. Dash

引用次数: 1