Translational biomedicine最新文献

{"title":"Medicinal Value of Cordyceps sinensis","authors":"Ugyen Choda","doi":"10.21767/2172-0479.100132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2172-0479.100132","url":null,"abstract":"Cordyceps, a caterpillar fungus is found to be used as high medicinal value by the people around the world. It is known as Yartsa Gunbu in Tibeto-Bhutanese, words originating from Tibetan language, meaning Yartsa: grass in summer and Gunbu: worm in winter, it is called “Dong chong Xia cao” in China and “Tockukaso” in Japan, words meaning the same. It grows on high Himalayan plateau, altitude between 3500 to 5000 meters. Well known species of genus Cordyceps is Cordyceps Sinensis (CS) which is being widely used for clinical treatments and researches. Cordyceps Sinensis is a dead remain of Himalayan Ghost moth belonging to a species Hepialis aromoricanus, also called as bat moth. It is considered to have high medicinal value and used to treat diseases like cancer, diabetes, pulmonary diseases, cardiovascular disorder, sexual dysfunction, renal disease and many other diseases for centuries in Chinese Traditional Medicine and Bhutanese Indigenous Medicine. Advanced Biotechnology has revealed that CS has wide range of bioactive constituents and minerals. There are numbers of researches conducted and have seen good impact of this CS on animals, cell cultures and on some cases of human patients, many researches demonstrated its ability in suppressing the tumor cells of various types of cancer. However, few hypotheses contradicted that CS suppresses the immunity. Due to lack of proper trials and studies on human, there is no authenticated or standard protocol that has been formulated for its prescription and clinical use in modern medicine.","PeriodicalId":89642,"journal":{"name":"Translational biomedicine","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21767/2172-0479.100132","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68104258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An In Vitro Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Potentials of Bioactive Metabolites Extracted from Padina tetrastromatica","authors":"A. Manilal, M. Mama, T. Gezmu, B. Merdekios, G. Ameya, S. John, A. Idhayadhulla","doi":"10.21767/2172-0479.100040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2172-0479.100040","url":null,"abstract":"Marine brown algae, Padina tetrastromatica was extracted using diverse organic solvents of increasing polarity such as diethyl ether, chloroform, acetone, dichloromethane: methanol and methanol. The obtained extracts were evaluated for antibacterial and brine shrimp cytotoxicity assays. It was found that methanolic extract of P. tetrastromatica exhibited the broadest and highest range of antibacterial activity. In cytotoxic activity, the methanolic extract of P. tetrastromatica showed significant activity (LD50=354.4 μg/mL). Based on the present findings, it could be inferred that the bioassay guided purification and fractionation of crude methanolic extract of P. tetrastromatica may bring forth potent novel antibiotic and anticancer leads.","PeriodicalId":89642,"journal":{"name":"Translational biomedicine","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21767/2172-0479.100040","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68094354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sclerosing Mesenteritis-Update on Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approach","authors":"C. Garcia, S. A. O. Júnior, A. D. Carvalho, J. Cordeiro, B. Fern, E. Chaves, Amália Cinthia Menezes Rêgo, I. Araújo-Filho","doi":"10.21767/2172-0479.100048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2172-0479.100048","url":null,"abstract":"The sclerosing mesenteritis (SM) is a rare, non-specific inflammatory condition, mainly affecting the benign intestinal mesentery. It is known that she is diagnosed mainly during the sixth and seventh decade of life and seems to be two times more common in men than in women. The etiology of SM remains unknown, although several mechanisms have been suggested contributors, including surgery or abdominal trauma before, autoimmunity, paraneoplastic syndrome, ischemic injury and infections. The major signs and symptoms are abdominal pain, presence of palpable abdominal mass, nausea and vomiting, bowel changes, weight loss, small bowel obstruction, chylous ascites and peritoneal irritation signals. About of 10% of the patients are asymptomatic. The radiological study, especially computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are essential components in the diagnostic evaluation. The ''greasy'' ring signal and the pseudocapsule tomographic findings are considered specific tumoral this pathology. The diagnosis is established by histopathologic study. There is no specific treatment for SM and should this be empirical and individualized. Although they are described cases of spontaneous remission, some authors have shown benefit with the empirical treatment using corticosteroids, colchicine, immunosuppressants, antibiotics, tamoxifen, alone or in combination. The surgical approach has a limited role and usually aimed at symptomatic relief. In most cases, the prognosis is favorable.","PeriodicalId":89642,"journal":{"name":"Translational biomedicine","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21767/2172-0479.100048","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68094963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the In Vitro Antagonism of Secondary Metabolites Fractionated from the Brown Algae, Sargassum swartzii against Human Candida spp.","authors":"A. Manilal, G. Ameya, T. Gezmu, B. Merdekios, S. Balu, AkbarIdhayadhulla, R. Kumar","doi":"10.21767/2172-0479.100051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2172-0479.100051","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To inspect the anticandidal potency of brown algae S. swartzii and GC-MS analysis to delineate its bioactive principles. Methods: The marine brown algae S. swartzii, was extracted and fractionated in organic solvents and quantitatively analyzed for its in vitro anticandidal potency against a battery of five clinically relevant species of Candida. Results: The fractionation of the crude algal extract yielded a bioactive algal fraction that exhibited broadest spectra of activity. It impeded the growth of all the evaluated Yeast pathogens in variable degrees. The maximal activity was recorded against the Candida albicans. The GC-MS studies of active algal fraction evinced the presence of three chemical constituents. Thence, the potent broad spectra of activity against the human Candida could be due the presence of major principle 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, diisooctyl ester, or could be pertained to the synergistic activity all the components. Conclusion: The overall results of this study implicates that the bioactive principles found in this algal fraction could be utilized as a lead molecule to develop natural antifungal drug to combat pathogenic Candida species.","PeriodicalId":89642,"journal":{"name":"Translational biomedicine","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21767/2172-0479.100051","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68095311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Future of Urological Diagnosis Using Proteomics: A Review of Literature","authors":"G. Dagur, G. Jason, Hi, Noel L. Smith, S. Khan","doi":"10.21767/2172-0479.100058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2172-0479.100058","url":null,"abstract":"Proteomics is a large-scale study of proteins. Several technologies are used to isolate and identify proteins of various spectra, which is useful in differentiating complexity of proteins. Critical role of proteomics can be applied to the field of urology, as a means of noninvasive biomarkers to diagnose patients with benign and malignant nephro-urological diseases. The accuracy of proteomic analysis findings in predicting specific clinical pathologies continues to draw controversy, thus further studies are necessary to confirm the diagnosis. Future of diagnosis in urology is expected to be done by proteomic urinalysis.","PeriodicalId":89642,"journal":{"name":"Translational biomedicine","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21767/2172-0479.100058","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68097043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Iron Status in Adult Sickle Cell Anaemia Patients in Zaria, North Western Nigeria","authors":"N. Garba, Ifeanyichukwu Mo, Amilo Gi, Babadoko Aa, I. Audu","doi":"10.21767/2172-0479.100064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2172-0479.100064","url":null,"abstract":"This is a case-controlled study designed to evaluate iron status of adult sickle cell anaemia patients and to compare findings with vaso-occlusive crises in sickle cell anaemia. One hundred and one (101) subjects aged 18-46 years participated in this study and these participants were divided into thirty five (35) sickle cell anaemia subjects in stable state (SS), thirty five (35) sickle cell anaemia subjects with history of vaso-occlusive crises (VOC) in the last preceding three months and thirty one (31) apparently healthy subjects (Hb AA) as control subjects (C) were recruited into the study using simple random sampling. Approximately 4 ml of venous blood samples was collected from each subject into a plain tube, allowed to clot and serum sample separated from it was analysed for serum iron, ferritin, total iron binding capacity (TIBC) and percentage transferrin saturation. The haemoglobin electrophoresis was determined using the alkaline cellulose acetate electrophoresis method Serum iron was analysed using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Serum ferritin was determined using Ferritin Enzyme Immunoassay (Genway). TIBC was done using Ferene method and percentage transferrin saturation (%TFS) was derived from serum iron and TIBC. The mean values of serum iron and ferritin were significantly lower (P=0.00, P=0.00) respectively in SCA subjects compared with control. However, there was no significance difference in the mean values of TIBC and %TFS between SCA subject and control (P=0.56, P=0.14) respectively. There was significant difference in the mean values of serum iron and ferritin between SCA in stable state and control subjects (P=0.00, P=0.00) respectively. Also, there was significant difference in the mean values of serum iron and ferritin between SCA subjects with vaso-occlusive crises and control subjects (P=0.00, P=0.00) respectively. However, the comparison of the mean values of TIBC and %TFS between SCA in stable state and control subjects did not show any significance difference (P=0.56, P=0.33) respectively. Also, the mean values of TIBC and %TFS between SCA with vaso-occlusive crises and control subjects did not show any significant difference (P=0.88, P=0.37) respectively. The mean values of serum iron, ferritin, TIBC and %TFS between SS and VOC did not show any significant difference (P=1.00, P=0.99, P=0.79, P=0.97) respectively. The outcome of this work show reduced serum iron and ferritin levels in SCA subjects. Periodic assessment of iron status is therefore suggested in the monitoring and management of sickle cell anaemia.","PeriodicalId":89642,"journal":{"name":"Translational biomedicine","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21767/2172-0479.100064","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68097369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decision Networks Cannot Achieve Optimal Performance due to Biological Constraints","authors":"R. Skopec","doi":"10.21767/2172-0479.100066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2172-0479.100066","url":null,"abstract":"Decision making is important basic mechanism of intelligent behavior. It is valid especially for studying higher brain functions as a tool to achieve an asymptotically optimal performance. Level of decision networks performance could determine the efficiency in most categories of human choice processes. We argue that during adaptation there are serious biological constraints in neural networks limiting mediation of the choice processes parameters. Evidence is corrupted by noise and reward during trade-off in units of log (P) probabilities. As result, randomness and informational entropy is part of the decision process itself. We analyze the mechanisms involved in neural computations with a view toward development of novel computational paradigms based on how the brain works.","PeriodicalId":89642,"journal":{"name":"Translational biomedicine","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21767/2172-0479.100066","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68097555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nature's Configuration of Melanoma Colonies in Pulmonary Parenchyma: Historical Lessons","authors":"W. Onuigbo","doi":"10.21767/2172-0479.100078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2172-0479.100078","url":null,"abstract":"In 1889, the great German pathologist, Julius Conheim, pronounced that necropsy reveals Nature's footsteps in cancer colonization as opposed to animal experimentation. Accordingly, the easily discernible pathways of the highly colonized melanoma are worthy of tracing as regards the configuration of the colonies formed in the lungs. Perhaps, the historical aspects are best evaluated with reports published in the 19th Century Transactions of the Pathological Society of London. The historical lessons from their vivid descriptions are worthy of record selectively.","PeriodicalId":89642,"journal":{"name":"Translational biomedicine","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21767/2172-0479.100078","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68098671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theoretical Calculations - Treatment Outbreak Ebola at Adults, Children and Women","authors":"E. Dmitrieva","doi":"10.21767/2172-0479.100053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2172-0479.100053","url":null,"abstract":"The occurrence reasons endemic the centres-earlier made and inoculations that cutting down of tropical woods creates syndromes imprinting’s and infection Strengthening’s. The Ebola remains in sperm about 179 days after occurrence of the first symptoms of a virus fever. All had been ill men will continue to hand over samples of sperm before finding-out of all aspects of activity of a virus. In recovering patients virus RNA (ribonucleic acid) it has been found out in chest milk in 15 days after an aggravation, in vagina a secret - in 33 days after an aggravation, and in a plaintive liquid - in 98 days (Gustavo Palacios, 2015).","PeriodicalId":89642,"journal":{"name":"Translational biomedicine","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21767/2172-0479.100053","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68096044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Helicobacter pylori Association with Acid Peptic Disease: Itâs Incidence in Population Having Increase Junk Food Intake","authors":"Somia Gul, Lailoona Jawed, S. Tariq, Samreen Aziz","doi":"10.21767/2172-0479.100090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2172-0479.100090","url":null,"abstract":"Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is an organism that causes several gastric issues in majority of the formulation, it is a gram negative bacteria that increases the secretion of acid in stomach causing ulcer of stomach and duodenum that may lead to several other conditions like Zollinger Ellison syndrome (ZES), gastro esophageal reflux disease (GERD) etc. A study was conducted on population of Karachi (n=400 i.e. 200 males and 200 females) having junk food in their diet either daily, per week, or in 15 days and those visiting OPD of different hospitals with having complain of acidity, to find out either the acidity was due to H. pylori or not, and found out that in majority of population H. pylori is the cause behind acidity, thus indicating the increased prevalence of H. pylori in the population having acidity issues, for which several measures should be taken.","PeriodicalId":89642,"journal":{"name":"Translational biomedicine","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21767/2172-0479.100090","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68100044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}