Anatomy research international最新文献_第2页

Cystic Artery: Morphological Study and Surgical Significance 囊性动脉:形态学研究及其外科意义

Anatomy research international Pub Date : 2016-10-16 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7201858

U. Dandekar, K. Dandekar

{"title":"Cystic Artery: Morphological Study and Surgical Significance","authors":"U. Dandekar, K. Dandekar","doi":"10.1155/2016/7201858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/7201858","url":null,"abstract":"The cystic artery is the key structure sought to be clipped or ligated during laparoscopic or conventional cholecystectomy. The possible complications like hemorrhage or hepatobiliary injury are always centered on the search, dissection, and clipping or ligation of the cystic artery, many a time because of possibility of variations in its course and relations to the biliary ducts. This descriptive study was carried out to document the normal anatomy and different variations of the cystic artery to contribute to improve surgical safety. This study conducted on 82 cadavers revealed cystic artery with mean length of 16.9 mm (ranged between 2 mm and 55 mm) and mean diameter of 1.6 mm (range between 1 mm and 5 mm). The origin of cystic artery from celiac right hepatic artery was found in 79.3% and in the remaining 20.7% it was replaced. Single cystic artery was present in 72% and double cystic artery in 28%. Considering the site of origin of the cystic artery with reference to Calot's triangle, it was observed within the triangle in 62.2% and outside it in 37.8%. All the cystic arteries passed through Calot's triangle except for 3.6%. The cystic artery crossed the common hepatic duct anteriorly in 26.8% and posteriorly in 6.1%. It crossed common bile duct anteriorly in 1.2% and posteriorly in 3.7%. The knowledge of such variations and its awareness will decrease morbidity and help to keep away from a number of surgical complications during cholecystectomy.","PeriodicalId":89526,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy research international","volume":"216 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79624190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 31

Incidence of Clavicular Rhomboid Fossa in Northeastern Thais: An Anthropological Study 泰国东北部锁骨菱形窝发病率的人类学研究

Anatomy research international Pub Date : 2016-08-28 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9298043

A. Kaewma, Apichakan Sampannang, P. Tuamsuk, J. Kanpittaya, S. Iamsaard

引用次数: 5

New Possible Surgical Approaches for the Submammary Adipofascial Flap Based on Its Arterial Supply 基于动脉供应的乳下脂肪筋膜瓣手术新途径

Anatomy research international Pub Date : 2016-05-01 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7696010

Ehab M Elzawawy, Melad N Kelada, A. A. Al Karmouty

{"title":"New Possible Surgical Approaches for the Submammary Adipofascial Flap Based on Its Arterial Supply","authors":"Ehab M Elzawawy, Melad N Kelada, A. A. Al Karmouty","doi":"10.1155/2016/7696010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/7696010","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Submammary adipofascial flap (SMAF) is a valuable option for replacement of the inferior portion of the breast. It is particularly useful for reconstruction of partial mastectomy defects. It is also used to cover breast implants. Most surgeons base this flap cranially on the submammary skin crease, reflecting it back onto the breast. The blood vessels supplying this flap are not well defined, and the harvest of the flap may be compromised due to its uncertain vascularity. The aim of the work was to identify perforator vessels supplying SMAF and define their origin, site, diameter, and length. Materials and Methods. The flap was designed and dissected on both sides in 10 female cadavers. SMAF outline was 10 cm in length and 7 cm in width. The flap was raised carefully from below upwards to identify the perforator vessels supplying it from all directions. These vessels were counted and the following measurements were taken using Vernier caliper: diameter, total length, length inside the flap, and distance below the submammary skin crease. Conclusions. The perforators at the lateral part of the flap took origin from the lateral thoracic, thoracodorsal, and intercostal vessels. They were significantly larger, longer, and of multiple origins than those on the medial part of the flap and this suggests that laterally based flaps will have better blood supply, better viability, and more promising prognosis. Both approaches, medially based and laterally based SMAF, carry a better prognosis and lesser chance for future fat necrosis than the classical cranially based flap.","PeriodicalId":89526,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy research international","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84858346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Anatomical Considerations on Surgical Anatomy of the Carotid Bifurcation 颈动脉分叉手术解剖的解剖学考虑

Anatomy research international Pub Date : 2016-03-07 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6907472

A. Michalinos, Markos Chatzimarkos, N. Arkadopoulos, M. Safioleas, T. Troupis

{"title":"Anatomical Considerations on Surgical Anatomy of the Carotid Bifurcation","authors":"A. Michalinos, Markos Chatzimarkos, N. Arkadopoulos, M. Safioleas, T. Troupis","doi":"10.1155/2016/6907472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/6907472","url":null,"abstract":"Surgical anatomy of carotid bifurcation is of unique importance for numerous medical specialties. Despite extensive research, many aspects such as precise height of carotid bifurcation, micrometric values of carotid arteries and their branches as their diameter, length, and degree of tortuosity, and variations of proximal external carotid artery branches are undetermined. Furthermore carotid bifurcation is involved in many pathologic processes, atheromatous disease being the commonest. Carotid atheromatous disease is a major predisposing factor for disabling and possibly fatal strokes with geometry of carotid bifurcation playing an important role in its natural history. Consequently detailed knowledge of various anatomic parameters is of paramount importance not only for understanding of the disease but also for design of surgical treatment, especially selection between carotid endarterectomy and carotid stenting. Carotid bifurcation paragangliomas constitute unique tumors with diagnostic accuracy, treatment design, and success of operative intervention dependent on precise knowledge of anatomy. Considering those, it becomes clear that selection and application of proper surgical therapy should consider anatomical details. Further research might ameliorate available treatment options or even lead to innovative ones.","PeriodicalId":89526,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy research international","volume":"110 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87707091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 38

A Cadaveric Investigation of the Dorsal Scapular Nerve. 肩胛骨背神经的尸体研究。

Anatomy research international Pub Date : 2016-01-01 Epub Date: 2016-08-15 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4106981

Vuvi H Nguyen, Hao Howe Liu, Armando Rosales, Rustin Reeves

{"title":"A Cadaveric Investigation of the Dorsal Scapular Nerve.","authors":"Vuvi H Nguyen, Hao Howe Liu, Armando Rosales, Rustin Reeves","doi":"10.1155/2016/4106981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/4106981","url":null,"abstract":"Compression of the dorsal scapular nerve (DSN) is associated with pain in the upper extremity and back. Even though entrapment of the DSN within the middle scalene muscle is typically the primary cause of pain, it is still easily missed during diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to document the DSN's anatomy and measure the oblique course it takes with regard to the middle scalene muscle. From 20 embalmed adult cadavers, 23 DSNs were documented regarding the nerve's spinal root origin, anatomical route, and muscular innervations. A transverse plane through the laryngeal prominence was established to measure the distance of the DSN from this plane as it enters, crosses, and exits the middle scalene muscle. Approximately 70% of the DSNs originated from C5, with 74% piercing the middle scalene muscle. About 48% of the DSNs supplied the levator scapulae muscle only and 52% innervated both the levator scapulae and rhomboid muscles. The average distances from a transverse plane at the laryngeal prominence where the DSN entered, crossed, and exited the middle scalene muscle were 1.50 cm, 1.79 cm, and 2.08 cm, respectively. Our goal is to help improve clinicians' ability to locate the site of DSN entrapment so that appropriate management can be implemented. ","PeriodicalId":89526,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy research international","volume":"2016 ","pages":"4106981"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/4106981","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34723084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Morphology and Functional Anatomy of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve with Extralaryngeal Terminal Bifurcation. 喉返神经喉外末梢分叉的形态与功能解剖。

Anatomy research international Pub Date : 2016-01-01 Epub Date: 2016-07-14 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9503170

Fuat Cetin, Emin Gürleyik, Sami Dogan

{"title":"Morphology and Functional Anatomy of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve with Extralaryngeal Terminal Bifurcation.","authors":"Fuat Cetin, Emin Gürleyik, Sami Dogan","doi":"10.1155/2016/9503170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/9503170","url":null,"abstract":"Anatomical variations of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN), such as an extralaryngeal terminal bifurcation (ETB), threaten the safety of thyroid surgery. Besides the morphology of the nerve branches, intraoperative evaluation of their functional anatomy may be useful to preserve motor activity. We exposed 67 RLNs in 36 patients. The main trunk, bifurcation point, and terminal branches of bifid nerves were macroscopically determined and exposed during thyroid surgery. The functional anatomy of the nerve branches was evaluated by intraoperative nerve monitoring (IONM). Forty-six RLNs with an ETB were intraoperatively exposed. The bifurcation point was located along the prearterial, arterial, and postarterial segments in 11%, 39%, and 50% of bifid RLNs, respectively. Motor activity was determined in all anterior branches. The functional anatomy of terminal branches detected motor activity in 4 (8.7%) posterior branches of 46 bifid RLNs. The motor activity in posterior branches created a wave amplitude at 25-69% of that in the corresponding anterior branches. The functional anatomy of bifid RLNs demonstrated that anterior branches always contained motor fibres while posterior branches seldom contained motor fibres. The motor activity of the posterior branch was weaker than that of the anterior branch. IONM may help to differentiate between motor and sensory functions of nerve branches. The morphology and functional anatomy of all nerve branches must be preserved to ensure a safer surgery. ","PeriodicalId":89526,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy research international","volume":"2016 ","pages":"9503170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/9503170","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34734484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Bilateral Chondroepitrochlearis Muscle: Case Report, Phylogenetic Analysis, and Clinical Significance. 双侧软骨上耳蜗肌:病例报告、系统发育分析及临床意义。

Anatomy research international Pub Date : 2016-01-01 Epub Date: 2016-05-08 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5402081

Sujeewa P W Palagama, Raymond A Tedman, Matthew J Barton, Mark R Forwood

引用次数: 9

Repeated Exposure to Dissection Does Not Influence Students' Attitudes towards Human Body Donation for Anatomy Teaching. 反复解剖不影响学生对解剖教学捐献人体的态度。

Anatomy research international Pub Date : 2016-01-01 Epub Date: 2016-04-13 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9251049

Philip Maseghe Mwachaka, Pamela Mandela, Hassan Saidi

{"title":"Repeated Exposure to Dissection Does Not Influence Students' Attitudes towards Human Body Donation for Anatomy Teaching.","authors":"Philip Maseghe Mwachaka, Pamela Mandela, Hassan Saidi","doi":"10.1155/2016/9251049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/9251049","url":null,"abstract":"The use of unclaimed bodies for anatomical dissection has been the main method of instruction at our institution. There is however a shortage of cadavers for dissection given the increase in the number of medical schools as well as in the number of students enrolling in these schools. This shortage could be mitigated by having voluntary human body donation programs. This study aimed at assessing the attitudes of medical students and surgical residents towards body donation for anatomy learning. We conducted an online survey involving 72 first-year medical students and 41 surgical residents at University of Nairobi who had completed one year of anatomy dissection. For the medical students, this was their first dissection experience while it was the second exposure for the surgery trainees. Most of the surgical trainees (70.7%) and medical students (68.1%) were opposed to self-body donation. This was mainly due to cultural (37%) and religious (20%) barriers. Surprisingly, of those not willing to donate themselves, 67.9% (82.8% surgical trainees, 59.2% medical students) would recommend the practice to other people. Exposure to repeated dissection does not change the perceptions towards body donation. It is noteworthy that culture and religion rank high as clear barriers amongst this \"highly informed\" group of potential donors. ","PeriodicalId":89526,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy research international","volume":"2016 ","pages":"9251049"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/9251049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34401656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 37

Limited Trabecular Bone Density Heterogeneity in the Human Skeleton. 人类骨骼中有限的骨小梁密度异质性。

Anatomy research international Pub Date : 2016-01-01 Epub Date: 2016-04-11 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9295383

Habiba Chirchir

{"title":"Limited Trabecular Bone Density Heterogeneity in the Human Skeleton.","authors":"Habiba Chirchir","doi":"10.1155/2016/9295383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/9295383","url":null,"abstract":"There is evidence for variation in trabecular bone density and volume within an individual skeleton, albeit in a few anatomical sites, which is partly dependent on mechanical loading. However, little is known regarding the basic variation in trabecular bone density throughout the skeleton in healthy human adults. This is because research on bone density has been confined to a few skeletal elements, which can be readily measured using available imaging technology particularly in clinical settings. This study comprehensively investigates the distribution of trabecular bone density within the human skeleton in nine skeletal sites (femur, proximal and distal tibia, third metatarsal, humerus, ulna, radius, third metacarpal, and axis) in a sample of N = 20 individuals (11 males and 9 females). pQCT results showed that the proximal ulna (mean = 231.3 mg/cm(3)) and axis vertebra (mean = 234.3 mg/cm(3)) displayed significantly greater (p < 0.01) trabecular bone density than other elements, whereas there was no significant variation among the rest of the elements (p > 0.01). The homogeneity of the majority of elements suggests that these sites are potentially responsive to site-specific genetic factors. Secondly, the lack of correlation between elements (p > 0.05) suggests that density measurements of one anatomical region are not necessarily accurate measures of other anatomical regions. ","PeriodicalId":89526,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy research international","volume":"2016 ","pages":"9295383"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/9295383","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34458291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19

Anatomy of Teaching Anatomy: Do Prosected Cross Sections Improve Students Understanding of Spatial and Radiological Anatomy? 解剖教学中的解剖:检出的横截面能提高学生对空间和放射解剖的理解吗?

Anatomy research international Pub Date : 2016-01-01 Epub Date: 2016-08-08 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8984704

L B Samarakoon, S Vithoosan, S Kokulan, M M Dissanayake, D J Anthony, Vajira Dissanayake, Rohan Jayasekara

{"title":"Anatomy of Teaching Anatomy: Do Prosected Cross Sections Improve Students Understanding of Spatial and Radiological Anatomy?","authors":"L B Samarakoon, S Vithoosan, S Kokulan, M M Dissanayake, D J Anthony, Vajira Dissanayake, Rohan Jayasekara","doi":"10.1155/2016/8984704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/8984704","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Cadaveric dissections and prosections have traditionally been part of undergraduate medical teaching. Materials and Methods. Hundred and fifty-nine first-year students in the Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, were invited to participate in the above study. Students were randomly allocated to two age and gender matched groups. Both groups were exposed to identical series of lectures regarding anatomy of the abdomen and conventional cadaveric prosections of the abdomen. The test group (n = 77, 48.4%) was also exposed to cadaveric cross-sectional slices of the abdomen to which the control group (n = 82, 51.6%) was blinded. At the end of the teaching session both groups were assessed by using their performance in a timed multiple choice question paper as well as ability to identify structures in abdominal CT films. Results. Scores for spatial and radiological anatomy were significantly higher among the test group when compared with the control group (P < 0.05, CI 95%). Majority of the students in both control and test groups agreed that cadaveric cross section may be useful for them to understand spatial and radiological anatomy. Conclusion. Introduction of cadaveric cross-sectional prosections may help students to understand spatial and radiological anatomy better. ","PeriodicalId":89526,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy research international","volume":"2016 ","pages":"8984704"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/8984704","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34405108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 18