Biological Control最新文献

{"title":"The life history consequences of admixture between intentionally and unintentionally introduced populations of Trissolcus japonicus in Europe","authors":"Nina Häner ,&nbsp;Paul K. Abram ,&nbsp;Tim Haye","doi":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105913","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105913","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Introducing classical biological control agents from laboratory-reared populations into regions where adventive populations already exist could alter life history traits of the resulting admixed populations, having positive or negative consequences for pest control. In laboratory studies, we examined the life history consequences of admixture between one intentionally introduced laboratory-reared line (from China) and one pre-existing adventive line (from Switzerland) of <em>Trissolcus japonicus</em> (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), an egg parasitoid of <em>Halyomorpha halys</em> (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), in Europe. We tested reproductive compatibility and compared life history traits (fecundity, sex ratio, longevity, and development time) in reciprocal crosses between parental and hybrid lines of the two lines over multiple generations. The intentionally introduced and adventive lines were reproductively compatible, with no evidence of outbreeding depression or hybrid breakdown in either the first or third generations after crossing. Hybrid offspring exhibited life history traits that were either intermediate or similar to those of either parental line. Notably, hybrid lines showed higher fecundity and a more female-biased sex ratio than the adventive parental line. These findings suggest that admixture has some potential to introduce trait values thought to be positively associated with fitness and biological control efficacy. However, future studies are still needed to assess whether admixture between released laboratory-reared lines and adventive populations is actually occurring in the field, and whether it is having consequences for the efficacy of biological control by <em>T. japonicus</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8880,"journal":{"name":"Biological Control","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 105913"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145465226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lecanicillium enhances kidney bean growth and confers resistance against Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) infestation","authors":"Ye-Ming Zhou,&nbsp;Da-Yan Ma,&nbsp;Wen Xie,&nbsp;Ding-yin Li,&nbsp;Jun-Rui Zhi,&nbsp;Xiao Zou","doi":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105921","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105921","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Frankliniella occidentalis</em> (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), also known as western flower thrips, is a globally distributed insect pest infesting a wide range of crops. We have previously identified <em>Lecanicillium attenuatum</em> and <em>L. cauligalbarum</em> as effective entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) against <em>F. occidentalis</em>. In addition, studies have reported that EPF can colonize plants, promoting plant growth and resisting pests. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether these two <em>Lecanicillium</em> species can colonize plants and confer sustained resistance against<!--> <em>F. occidentalis</em>. We found that treating kidney beans with 5 × 10⁷ conidia/mL <em>L. attenuatum</em> resulted in fungal colonization in all plant tissues. Significant enhancements in plant height, fresh weight, taproot biomass, and taproot length were observed after 20 d of treatment with <em>L. attenuatum</em> or <em>L. cauligalbarum.</em> Behavioral tests and developmental bioassays with <em>F. occidentalis</em> were performed to assess the effects of 15-day treatment with 5 × 10⁷ conidia/mL <em>L. attenuatum</em> or <em>L. cauligalbarum</em> on kidney bean plants. Behavioral tests indicated that <em>Lecanicillium</em>-inoculated plants repelled adult <em>F</em>. <em>occidentalis</em>, and developmental bioassays revealed that both <em>L. attenuatum</em> and <em>L. cauligalbarum</em> negatively affected the growth, development, and reproduction of <em>F. occidentalis</em>. Compared with newly eclosed nymphs that fed on control plants, those that fed on <em>L. attenuatum</em>- or <em>L. cauligalbarum</em>-inoculated plants had substantially shorter survival, with only 57.8 % or 53.3 % of the nymphs developing to the adult stage, respectively. Oviposition of female thrips reared on <em>L. attenuatum</em>- or <em>L. cauligalbarum</em>-inoculated plants was significantly lower (16 and 17 eggs/female, respectively) than that of those reared on uninoculated plants (93 eggs/female). These findings indicate that the endophytes <em>L. attenuatum</em> and <em>L. cauligalbarum</em> are potential biological agents for the control and management of <em>F. occidentalis</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8880,"journal":{"name":"Biological Control","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 105921"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145615029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CSIRO European Laboratory: Weed warriors, pest planners, and dung diplomacy − benefits of 60 years of native range research for effective biological control agents to Australia","authors":"Vincent Lesieur ,&nbsp;Alberto Zamprogna,&nbsp;Mireille Jourdan,&nbsp;Thierry Thomann,&nbsp;Jean-Pierre Lumaret,&nbsp;José Serin,&nbsp;Andy W. Sheppard","doi":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105926","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105926","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Classical biological control of weeds and pests has been practiced for over 120 years around the world resulting in huge benefits to agriculture and the environment from effective landscape control of invasive alien pests and weeds using risk assessed and deliberately introduced beneficial biological control agents. A classical biological control approach requires the sourcing, scientific evaluation and risk assessment of potential biological control agents from the native ranges of these invasive pests and weeds. The longest running research program for such native range biological control research in Australia has been focussed on managing pests and weeds of European origin, based out of the CSIRO European Laboratory in Montpellier France since 1966. This paper reviews the scientific achievements of this facility-based program and its associated research teams and the success rates and economic and environmental beneficial impacts for Australia over the last 60 years. Scientific achievements include a) fundamental advances in biological control theory and practice that have since been adopted around the world, b) the first ever successfully released and impactful plant pathogen weed biological control agent, c) the first ever comprehensive pre-border risk evaluation of a priority plant pest, Russian wheat aphid, including pre-emptively screening Australia wheat and barley varieties for resistance, preparing Australia for its arrival in 2016, d) the successful collection, evaluation, culturing and importations of 16 dung beetle species into Australia for the management of dung accumulation and the management of livestock parasites contained therein, and e) case by case understanding of the ecological basis for the invasions by many invasive plants of European origin into Australian ecosystems that have underpinned subsequent control strategies. In terms of benefit back to Australia, these research activities have led to a) the successful and widespread control of five agricultural weeds (<em>Carduus nutans</em>, <em>Chondrilla juncea</em>, <em>Echium plantagineum</em>, <em>Rumex pulcher</em>, and <em>Senecio jacobaea</em>) and one environmental weed (<em>Genista monspessulana</em>), as well as the partial control of three agricultural weeds (<em>Hypericum perforatum</em>, <em>Onopordum</em> spp., and <em>Rubus fruticosus</em>) and three environmental weeds (<em>Cytisus scoparius</em>, <em>Marrubium vulgare</em>, and <em>Rubus fruticosus</em>) in Australia, b) AU$1.43 billion in economic agricultural benefits back to Australia creating a return on investment of 27:1, c) the effective management of livestock dung in many temperate and Mediterranean areas of Australia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8880,"journal":{"name":"Biological Control","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 105926"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145569857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating ensemble modeling into pre-emptive classical biological control: Assessing climate suitability and niche overlap of two natural enemies against Anoplophora chinensis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in China","authors":"Liang Zhang,&nbsp;Chaokun Yang,&nbsp;Ping Wang,&nbsp;Guanglin Xie,&nbsp;Wenkai Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105932","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105932","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Anoplophora chinensis</em> (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is an economically important wood-boring pest in China, posing serious threats to forest ecosystems, with its potential range expansion further intensified by climate change. To address the ecological and economic threats posed by <em>A. chinensis</em>, this study combined ecological niche modeling and species distribution modeling (SDM) to evaluate the biocontrol potential of two key natural enemies, <em>Dastarcus helophoroides</em> (Coleoptera: Bothrideridae) and <em>Sclerodermus sichuanensis</em> (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae). Meanwhile, niche overlap analysis was performed to quantify the ecological niche similarity between these natural enemies and the target pest. The results demonstrate that under the current climate, eastern, northern, and central China are key regions where the suitable habitats of both natural enemies (<em>D. helophoroides and S. sichuanensis</em>) exhibit significant spatial overlap with the distribution range of <em>A. chinensis</em>. However, climate change indicates a potential contraction in the suitable ranges of both natural enemies, in contrast to an expansion in the distribution of <em>A. chinensis</em>. Further analysis identified that bioclimate, vegetation indices, topography, solar radiation, and human activities are the critical environmental factors jointly driving the distribution patterns of <em>A. chinensis</em> and its natural enemies. Additionally, niche overlap analysis indicated that the ecological niches of both natural enemies are highly similar to that of <em>A. chinensis</em>. This study provides new insights into optimizing natural enemy release areas and enhancing classical biological control efficiency, while providing scientific guidance for integrated forest pest management and ecosystem conservation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8880,"journal":{"name":"Biological Control","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 105932"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145733215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Induced resistance to pine wilt disease in Pinus massoniana by the endophytic engineered bacterium Pseudomonas koreensis BM06-P60","authors":"Da Li,&nbsp;Lvxin Huang,&nbsp;Menglu Yu,&nbsp;Xiaoqin Wu,&nbsp;Jianren Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105919","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105919","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pine wilt disease (PWD), caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, is a globally devastating forest disease. Endophytic bacteria can improve host resistance to diseases by inducing systemic defense responses. We previously constructed an engineered endophytic bacterium, <em>Pseudomonas koreensis</em> BM06-P60, which expresses the exogenous nematicidal peptidase P60 and achieves a 70 % control efficacy against PWD. In the present study, we aimed to further explore whether BM06-P60 improves the resistance of <em>P. massoniana</em> to PWD by strengthening the intrinsic defense capacity of the host. <em>P. massoniana</em> seedlings were treated with BM06-P60, the wild-type strain BM06, or sterile water as a control and then inoculated with nematodes. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that BM06-P60 significantly induced the expression of defense-related genes in P. massoniana, including <em>cell wall–associated hydrolase</em>, whose relative expression peaked at 92.62-fold at 12 h postinoculation; Dehydration-responsive protein-encoding gene, which was upregulated 50.90-fold at 48 h; and <em>chitinase</em>, <em>PR-2</em> family (<em>β-1,3-glucanase)</em>, and <em>PR-5</em> family (thaumatin-like proteins), which exhibited 16.21- to 32.94-fold induction between 6 and 12 h. Enzyme activity assays revealed that POD activity in the BM06-P60 treatment group was significantly higher than that in the other two groups, whereas MDA content was the lowest. BM06-P60 treatment significantly reduced the nematode population within the host. In summary, BM06-P60 enhances the resistance of P. massoniana to PWD, providing a theoretical basis for its application in the biological control of the disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8880,"journal":{"name":"Biological Control","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 105919"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145518188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biocontrol potential of root rot in Polygonatum sibiricum by Bacillus velezensis Y24 and its genome analysis","authors":"J.Y. Li ,&nbsp;J. Zhang ,&nbsp;Z.B. Cai ,&nbsp;X.Y. Li ,&nbsp;T. Lou ,&nbsp;X. Zhou ,&nbsp;F.Y. Shen ,&nbsp;L.S. Jiang ,&nbsp;W. Hu ,&nbsp;X. Chen ,&nbsp;L. Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105924","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105924","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Polygonatum sibiricum</em> root rot, caused by <em>Fusarium oxysporum</em>, is a severe soil-borne disease in <em>P. sibiricum</em> cultivation. In this study, a high-efficiency biocontrol bacterium, <em>Bacillus velezensis</em> Y24, was isolated from healthy <em>P. sibiricum</em> plants, and its biocontrol potential was evaluated. Strain Y24 exhibited an in vitro inhibition rate of 70.63 % against <em>F. oxysporum</em>, while its cell-free supernatant (CFS) showed an inhibition rate of 50.90 %. The EC₅₀ of lipopeptides (LPs) against <em>F. oxysporum</em> was 0.134 mg/mL. After treatment with 0.2 mg/mL LPs, the hyphae of <em>F. oxysporum</em> showed swelling, deformation, and fragmentation, with conidial germination significantly inhibited. The colonization ability assessment indicated that strain Y24 exhibits a strong biofilm-forming capacity, with the most prominent biofilm-forming ability in MSGG medium. Analysis of its whole-genome sequencing using antiSMASH revealed that strain Y24 contains 13 biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) for antimicrobial peptide synthesis, among which 9 BGCs show high similarity to known functional gene clusters, including Bacillaene, Fengycin, and Difficidin. Moreover, the genome of strain Y24 also has the potential to synthesize various extracellular proteases and cellulases. In pot experiments, the control efficacy of strain Y24 against <em>P. sibiricum</em> root rot reached 81.51 %. This study its key antifungal substances, laying a solid research foundation for green control of <em>P. sibiricum</em> root rot.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8880,"journal":{"name":"Biological Control","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 105924"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145615095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of a new Streptomyces species QH1-20 against pepper anthracnose, and integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses reveal its biocontrol mechanisms","authors":"Zhengnan Li,&nbsp;Lei Zhang,&nbsp;Yisen Wu,&nbsp;Bowen Fan,&nbsp;Pingping Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105931","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105931","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pepper anthracnose is one of the most destructive disease in both the pre- and postharvest of pepper. It is traditionally managed by chemical fungicides, the isolation, and application of the environmental- and human health friendly biological agents for controlling this disease remains underexplored. Utilizing genome sequencing and comparative phylogenetic analysis, a novel <em>Streptomyces</em> species, named as <em>Streptomyces</em> sp. QH1-20, was identified in this work. QH1-20 demonstrated potent antagonistic activity against pepper anthracnose (achieving 98% control efficacy <em>in vivo</em>), and exhibited a broad spectrum of antagonism against other 10 test plant pathogens. QH1-20 enhanced the activity of defense-related enzymes in pepper, and significantly upregulated the expression of peroxisome-associated genes. Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic revealed that QH1-20 upregulated genes involved in multiple pathways, including tryptophan synthase, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, biotin metabolism, flavonoid, flavone and flavonol biosynthesis, sesquiterpenoid and terpenoid pathways. Additionally, it modulated the production of compounds such as kievitone, tryptophan, zerumbone, momilactone A and other terpenoid or diterpenoid compounds. Conjoint omics analyses further demonstrated that QH1-20 induced resistance in pepper fruit against anthracnose by converting the linoleic acid to arachidonic acid, which potentially initiate plant defense mechanisms or inhibit reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. These findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which QH1-20 inhibits postharvest anthracnose in peppers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8880,"journal":{"name":"Biological Control","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 105931"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145680970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and characterization of the pathogens associated with tea red rust in India and their biocontrol under field conditions","authors":"Abhay Kumar Pandey ,&nbsp;Rajashri Saikia ,&nbsp;Abhishek Kumar ,&nbsp;Harshit K. Sharma ,&nbsp;Somnath Roy ,&nbsp;Jay Ram Lamichhane","doi":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105918","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105918","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Red rust of tea, caused by <em>Cephaleuros</em> spp., is an algal disease that can lead to substantial yield losses in major tea-growing countries, including India. This study first identifies and characterizes the causal agents associated with algal red rust disease and then focuses on their field management through a 3-year field trial (2021–2023) across three experimental sites. Micro-morphological, host invasion, and phylogenetic (18S SSU) analysis revealed the association of <em>Cephaleuros virescens</em> (subcuticular) and <em>C. parasiticus</em> (intercellular) with the disease. Liquid bioformulations of two bacterial antagonists, namely <em>Bacillus paramycoides</em> BOK01 and <em>Microbacterium barkeri</em> BPATH02, were prepared and tested against the pathogens under laboratory and field conditions. The efficacy of the biocontrol formulations was compared with a copper-based chemical (i.e., copper oxychloride), commonly used in India. Under controlled conditions, a 20 % suspension concentrate liquid formulation (1 × 10⁸ CFU/ml) of both bacterial antagonists reduced over 66 % spore viability of <em>Cephaleuros</em> species at 2 % concentration. Field trials of the two bacterial-based bioformulations showed over 60 % disease reduction at 2 % and 5 % concentrations compared to the control. Both bioformulations were viable for up to seven months of storage, exhibiting a high population density (i.e., &gt;1 × 10⁸ CFU/ml). Copper oxychloride provided significantly higher disease reduction (&gt;68 %) than the bacterial bioformulations across all locations and years, but no significant yield difference occurred between the two treatments. Taken together, we conclude that <em>B. paramycoides</em> BOK01 and <em>M. barkeri</em> BPATH02-based liquid bioformulations have good potential in the integrated management of algal red rust in tea gardens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8880,"journal":{"name":"Biological Control","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 105918"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145465227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome mining and metabolite profiling uncover the biocontrol and plant growth-promoting capacities of Bacillus velezensis TCS001","authors":"Hong-Zhen Jiang ,&nbsp;Lu-Yao Liu ,&nbsp;Ran-Di Yang,&nbsp;Jie Chen,&nbsp;Jing Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105928","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105928","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Bacillus velezensis</em> TCS001, isolated from Bohai Sea sediments, is a beneficial microbial strain exhibiting both plant growth-promoting properties and antagonistic activity against plant pathogens, with particularly efficacy against <em>Botrytis cinerea</em>. However, the whole genome of TCS001 remains unclear, thus restricting its potential applications. To address this gap, the whole genome of TCS001 has been sequenced and annotated to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying its plant growth promoting and antimicrobial activities. The genome analysis revealed that TCS001 comprises a single circular chromosome of 4,124,134 bp, possessing a GC content of 46.18 %. Moreover, 4243 protein-coding genes were predicted. Through genome mining, 13 BGCs encoding secondary metabolites with predicted roles were identified, including members of the surfactin, fengycin, and macrolactin families. Utilizing UHPLC–MS/MS technologies, a total of<!--> <!-->2,277 metabolites in positive ion mode<!--> <!-->and<!--> <!-->1,462 metabolites in negative ion mode<!--> <!-->were identified across the CFS and CLE of TCS001, encompassing compounds such as bergenin, gentiopicroside, mycophenolic acid, indole-3-butyric acid, gibberellin A89, A39, A125, arbutin, esculetin, gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, ponicidin, bruceine D,and other metabolites with antimicrobial, growth promoting, antioxidant, and antitumor properties. Three iturin analogues, namely iturin A2, A3, A4, were purified from the CLE. At 50 mg/L, iturin A2, A3, and A4 all showed above 70 % inhibition of <em>B</em>. <em>cinerea</em> mycelial growth, with iturin A4 (77.48 %) being more effective than A2 (72.82 %) and A3 (74.43 %). Transcriptomic analysis revealed that iturin A4 modulated the expression of genes involved in secondary metabolite biosynthesis, amino acid metabolism, and ABC transporters. These findings further elucidated the genomic basis for its ability to promote plant growth and inhibit pathogen activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8880,"journal":{"name":"Biological Control","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 105928"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145615100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presence of native and introduced hyperparasitoids raises concerns for the biocontrol of the planthopper Metcalfa pruinosa in Europe","authors":"L. Mazzon ,&nbsp;M. Falasco ,&nbsp;E. Guerrieri ,&nbsp;I. Martinez-Sañudo ,&nbsp;L. Maretto ,&nbsp;A. Pozzebon ,&nbsp;F. Colombari","doi":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105914","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105914","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Metcalfa pruinosa</em> (Hemiptera, Flatidae) is a Nearctic planthopper that has become an invasive pest in Europe since the late 1970s. It is highly polyphagous, and causes significant damage through sap-sucking, honeydew excretion, and the developmentof sooty mould. To counter its spread, the Nearctic parasitoid <em>Neodryinus typhlocybae</em> (Hymenoptera, Dryinidae) was introduced as a biological control agent. In this two-year study, the mortality of <em>N. typhlocybae</em> cocoons, was investigated. Analysis of over 4800 cocoons collected from 14 sites in northeastern Italy (the area of the parasitoid’s first introduction in Europe) revealed a high cumulative mortality (&gt;70 %), primarily due to predation and hyperparasitism. Nine hyperparasitoid species were identified, with the native <em>Pachyneuron muscarum</em> and the Nearctic <em>Cheiloneurus swezeyi</em> emerging as dominant species. <em>C. swezeyi</em>, reported for the first time in Europe, is known as the primary antagonist of <em>N. typhlocybae</em> in its country of origin. Our study demonstrated a close synchronization with the life cycle of the primary parasitoid and molecular analyses revealed five haplotypes. Emergence patterns highlighted different life strategies between <em>C. swezeyi</em> and <em>P. muscarum</em>, suggesting potential ecological niche partitioning. The specificity of <em>C. swezeyi</em> raises concerns about the long-term efficacy of <em>N. typhlocybae</em> as a biological control agent of <em>M. pruinosa</em>. These findings underscore the complexity of multitrophic interactions in biological control systems and the need for a continuous monitoring of hyperparasitoid communities to assess their impact on <em>M. pruinosa</em> control. Further research is necessary to determine the extent of <em>C. swezeyi</em> distribution across Europe.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8880,"journal":{"name":"Biological Control","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 105914"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145465225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}