Biological Control最新文献

{"title":"Type V: A sex-linked crossed resistance to three Cydia pomonella granulovirus isolates, with different levels of dominance","authors":"Léa Gingueneau ,&nbsp;Bertrand Gauffre ,&nbsp;Miguel Lopez-Ferber ,&nbsp;Sandrine Maugin ,&nbsp;Christine Blachère-Lopez ,&nbsp;Sofian Renoult ,&nbsp;Samantha Besse ,&nbsp;Myriam Siegwart","doi":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105777","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105777","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The codling moth (<em>Cydia pomonella)</em>, is known to be resistant to many (bio)insecticides, including the <em>Cydia pomonella granulovirus</em> (CpGV). Of the multiple isolates available on the European market, two are already known to have selected resistance: Type I to CpGV-M and type II or III to group E (CpGV-S or -R5). In 2019, a monitoring program revealed three wild populations of insects with reduced susceptibility to the three main used virus isolates (CpGV-M, -R5 and -V15). In this context, our aim was to characterise this new type of resistance, referred to as Type V, and to determine its inheritance pattern and degree of dominance, and to investigate whether and how it differs from previously described resistance mechanisms.</div><div>We collected a population previously identified as multiresistant from which several lines were isolated and selected during 13 generations with either CpGV-M, -R5 or no virus. Bioassays clearly showed high levels of resistance to CpGV-M, -R5 and -V15, as well as cross-resistance between the three isolates. Individual crossing experiments showed different inheritance modes for resistance to CpGV-M and CpGV-R in type V. Resistance to CpGV-M appeared dominant Z-linked as in type I, while it was more likely recessive, but still Z-linked for resistance to CpGV-R. Altogether, Type V is a novel type of resistance that cannot be overcome by CpGV-V15, and marked by a distinct inheritance pattern. Further research is needed to understand the relationship between resistance to each isolate, and adapt the future pest management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8880,"journal":{"name":"Biological Control","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 105777"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated the rhizosphere soil microbiota and metabolome reveal mechanisms inhibiting Phytophthora nicotianae under long-term bio-organic fertilizer application","authors":"Xiaoting Li ,&nbsp;Shunping Yu ,&nbsp;Shiqing Zhang ,&nbsp;Yubin Xiong ,&nbsp;Fangfang Zhou ,&nbsp;Li Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105774","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105774","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rational bio-organic fertilizer application has important advantages in reducing chemical fertilizer application, mitigating environmental pollution risks and enhancing plant health. However, the interplay between rhizosphere soil microbial communities, associated metabolites and the inhibiting pathogenic bacteria mechanisms is required, particularly in the long-term bio-organic fertilizer application. Therefore, our study encompassed three experimental conditions: conventional chemical fertilizer application (CF), 20 % reduction in chemical fertilizer supplemented with organic fertilizer (OF) and 20 % chemical fertilizer reduction supplemented with bio-organic fertilizer (BOF). By integrating microbiology and metabonomics, we aimed to elucidate the effects of long-term different fertilizer measures on the rhizosphere soil microbial community and metabolic function. Compared with CF, the relative abundance of <em>Phytophthora nicotianae</em> in rhizosphere soil and corresponding disease significantly decreased with BOF. However, there were significant increases in the concentrations of nitrate nitrogen, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, organic matter and urease activity. Simultaneously, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria at the phylum level notably increased with BOF, whereas the relative abundance of <em>Gemmatimonas</em> and <em>Sphingomonas</em> at the genus level exhibited significant increases. Moreover, the BOF affected the complexity and stability of the soil bacterial symbiotic networks. Furthermore, the metabolite profiles were significantly altered, with the differential metabolites in KEGG metabolic pathways being notably enriched for BOF treatment, particularly in pathways related to gibberellin secondary metabolite, histidine, and tryptophan metabolism. The correlation analysis and structural equation modeling revealed significant interactions between soil properties, microorganisms and metabolites, all of which had a substantial impact on the disease incidence. Consequently, we observed that soil fertility, rhizosphere microorganisms and tryptophan metabolites collectively facilitated the favorable response of crop health to the partial replacement of chemical fertilizers with bio-organic alternatives. These findings provided novel insights into sustainable practices of the reduction of chemical fertilizer and environmental pollution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8880,"journal":{"name":"Biological Control","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 105774"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143892252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacteria-based artificial diets modulate larval development, survival and gut microbiota of two insect pests","authors":"A.O. Adesemoye ,&nbsp;S. Antony-Babu ,&nbsp;E.M. Nagy ,&nbsp;B.D. Kafle ,&nbsp;T.A. Gregory ,&nbsp;C. Xiong ,&nbsp;H.Y. Fadamiro","doi":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105769","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105769","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Crop damage caused by insect pests results in substantial economic losses. The most widely used control methods, chemical pesticides, are losing efficacy and have deleterious environmental and health impacts. The goal of this study was to evaluate plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) strains blended as consortia for the management of insect pests through the impact on insect-gut microbiota. PGPR isolates were recovered from corn rhizosphere in Texas and characterized through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Eight strains belonging to diverse taxa selected through prescreening were combined in three different blends (consortia), added into an insect artificial diet, and fed to larvae of corn earworm (<em>Helicoverpa zea</em> [Boddie, 1850]) and tobacco budworm (<em>Chloridae virescens</em> [Fabricius, 1777]). Insect growth and development was monitored, and gut microbiota was assessed through direct isolation and 16S rRNA sequencing approaches. The inoculated diet resulted in significant reduction in larval weight for both insect species compared to the control and caused changes in the taxonomic diversity and evenness of <em>H. zea</em> gut microbiota. The results of the isolation and 16S rRNA sequencing were generally in agreement and showed a higher population and dominance of bacilli but less diversity of other taxa in PGPR blend treatments compared to control. While the mechanism of the changes in gut microbiota is currently unknown, understanding how to utilize bacterial strains to manipulate insect’s gut microbiota and health is important for developing sustainable pest management strategies. Future studies should elucidate the mechanisms and how to effectively deploy these findings for field applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8880,"journal":{"name":"Biological Control","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 105769"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Fusarium Biocontrol, drought Tolerance, and plant growth promotion by Bacillus strains from Cuban wheat varieties","authors":"Alexander Govin-Sanjudo ,&nbsp;Marcia M. Rojas Badia ,&nbsp;Cédric Jacquard ,&nbsp;Qassim Esmaeel","doi":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105776","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105776","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Members of the Bacillaceae family are recognized for their ability to promote plant growth under drought stress and for their capability to produce bioactive metabolites displaying antagonistic activity against phytopathogenic fungi. In this study, we evaluated the potential of bacterial strains isolated from Cuban wheat accessions to inhibit <em>Fusarium</em> species, tolerate drought stress, and promote the germination of wheat under stress conditions. A total of 150 bacteria were isolated from three Cuban wheat accessions, and 15 isolates were selected based on their elevated antagonistic activity. These strains, belonging to the Bacillaceae family, effectively reduced <em>Fusarium</em> symptoms on wheat leaves. To determine tolerance to drought stress, the isolates were exposed to different concentrations of polyethylene glycol (PEG) −6000, showing tolerance to 20 % PEG-6000. Furthermore, the strains underwent <em>in vitro</em> evaluation for plant growth-promoting (PGP) and lytic enzymes production. Ammonia production, indoleacetic acid, amino cyclopropane carboxylate deaminase, and nitrogen fixation were detected in all bacteria; moreover, each strain produced at least two of the five lytic enzymes tested. The bacterial isolates promoted wheat germination under both drought stress and <em>Fusarium</em> infection; with the highest effects registered for strains TII-10, TII-19, TCG-6 and TMG-6. These findings highlight the potential of these strains as effective agents for the promotion of wheat growth under the dual stresses of <em>Fusarium</em> infection and drought, contributing to more sustainable wheat production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8880,"journal":{"name":"Biological Control","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 105776"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143879108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantification of the biological control of aphids by their natural enemies in sugar beet crops","authors":"Lena Barascou ,&nbsp;Marianne Doehler ,&nbsp;Ségolène Buzy ,&nbsp;Aurore Arnoult ,&nbsp;Eloi Salembier ,&nbsp;Valentin Richard ,&nbsp;Loïc Daniel ,&nbsp;Frank Duval ,&nbsp;Anne Le Ralec","doi":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105773","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105773","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conservation biological control system involves a diverse community of natural enemies that significantly regulate pests in crops. However, the relative contribution of these different functional groups of natural enemies to aphid regulation is poorly known in major crop-pest systems. Moreover, there is a need to identify the timing of this contribution, especially when aphids are able to transmit pathogenic viruses to plants, such as in sugar beet crops. In this study, we quantified the effect of ground dwelling predators (carabids, spiders, rove beetles) and parasitoids on aphids’ abundance in sugar beet crops, using two experiments conducted over two successive years (2022 and 2023). Based on physical exclusion devices (pitfall traps, barriers, insect-proof cages), we showed that ground dwelling predators significantly lowered the abundance of aphids (<em>Aphis fabae</em> and <em>Myzus persicae</em>). Ground dwelling predators made a significant contribution to natural pest control, as they lowered aphids’ populations by up to 80%, especially as they were present early in the season. Around 48% parasitism rate was measured in 2023. Our results suggest that both groups of natural enemies appear to play a particularly important role in aphid regulation, especially ground dwelling predators. This suggests that agricultural practices, as a vegetated field margin, favouring generalist predators overwintering or colonization could lead to fewer damage and losses for farmers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8880,"journal":{"name":"Biological Control","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 105773"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143864667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compatibility of biocontrol agents with host plant resistance for management of the South American tomato pinworm Phthorimaea absoluta","authors":"Ayomide Joseph Zannou ,&nbsp;Judit Arnó ,&nbsp;Jörg Romeis ,&nbsp;Jana Collatz","doi":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105772","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105772","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Integrating host plant resistance with biocontrol agents represents a promising strategy for sustainable management of <em>Phthorimaea</em> (<em>Tuta</em>) <em>absoluta</em> (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), an invasive pest that poses a significant global threat to tomato production. However, morphological resistance traits, secondary metabolites, and plant volatiles in tomato may have adverse effects on natural enemies, thereby influencing the overall efficacy of pest control. This study evaluated the performance of three natural enemies across six tomato genotypes exhibiting various levels of resistance to <em>P. absoluta</em>. First, we evaluated the performance of the parasitoid <em>Trichogramma achaeae</em> on eggs, derived from moths reared on the different tomato genotypes, both in isolation and when presented on respective tomato leaflets. Second, we assessed the performance of the parasitoid <em>Necremnus tutae</em> on tomato genotypes that hosted <em>P. absoluta</em> larvae. And finally, we investigated the predatory capacity of the mirid <em>Macrolophus pygmaeus</em> on tomatoes hosting eggs and larvae of <em>P. absoluta</em>, all derived from moths reared on these genotypes, as well as the survival of predator nymphs on the different tomato genotypes, both with and without <em>P. absoluta</em> eggs. The <em>P. absoluta</em>-susceptible tomatoes, the resistant domesticated Corona F1 and the resistant wild tomato species <em>Solanum neorickii</em> had no significant impact on the parasitism and emergence rates of both parasitoids, or on the predatory efficacy and survival of predator nymphs. In contrast, the resistant wild <em>Solanum arcanum</em> negatively affected the performance of both parasitoids, reduced predatory efficacy and survival of first-instar nymphs, and increased the development time of predator nymphs. Our findings indicate that the resistant genotypes Corona F1 and <em>S. neorickii</em> appears to be compatible with all the natural enemies, whereas <em>S. arcanum</em> appears incompatible.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8880,"journal":{"name":"Biological Control","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 105772"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RNAi-mediated suppression of toll-like receptor NlToll1 enhances Nilaparvata lugens susceptibility to entomopathogenic fungal infection","authors":"Zhu-Long Shao ,&nbsp;Chen-Ping Lan ,&nbsp;Xiao-Ping Yu ,&nbsp;Zheng-Liang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105771","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105771","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The brown planthopper (BPH), <em>Nilaparvata lugens</em>, is the most devastating insect pest of rice. Biological control with fungal entomopathogens is an attractive alternative to chemical pesticides for controlling BPH. However, the efficacy of fungal bioagents is often limited by the immune defense responses of host insects. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a family of crucial pattern recognition proteins that are responsible for the immunologic recognition of invading pathogen in insects. Here, we demonstrated that the suppression of a key TLR-encoding gene <em>NlToll1</em> in BPH through RNA interference (RNAi) could significantly improve the insecticidal efficacy of an entomopathogenic fungus <em>Metarhizium anisopliae</em>. The open reading frame (ORF) of <em>NlToll1</em> was 3351 bp in length encoding a 126.7 kDa protein with a typical intracellular Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain, two transmembrane domains and 14 extracellular leucine-rich repeats (LRRs). The qRT-PCR results showed that the expression of <em>NlToll1</em> had obvious spatiotemporal preferences and strongly induced by topical infection with <em>M. anisopliae</em>. Silencing of <em>NlToll1</em> using RNAi led to a significantly reduced survival rate and an increased susceptibility of BPH fifth-instar nymphs to fungal infection, which might be partially owing to the immunosuppressive effects by repressing expression of antimicrobial peptide genes and the dysbiosis of gut bacterial community caused by <em>NlToll1</em> silencing. Our results manifested that the combination use of RNAi and fungal entomopathogens would be an effective avenue for exploiting pesticide-free BPH management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8880,"journal":{"name":"Biological Control","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 105771"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143833117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards sustainable vector control: Innovative substrate identification for developing eco-friendly, cost-effective, and highly potent biopesticides","authors":"Fatma Benjeddou ,&nbsp;Ines Mnif ,&nbsp;Marie Rossignol ,&nbsp;Dhouha Ghribi ,&nbsp;Slim Tounsi ,&nbsp;Fabrice Chandre ,&nbsp;Raida Zribi-Zghal","doi":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105768","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105768","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The unavailability of biological insecticides for mosquitoes’ control in Tunisia and their high cost make chemical pesticides the most used solution. In the present study, the development of a bio-sourced media based on agriculture by-product and free biological material was conducted for the generation of commercially valuable biopesticide from BUPM98 <em>Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis</em> strain. Through the physico-chemical characterization of the spineless <em>Opuntia ficus-indica</em> cladodes flour (SFI flour), an important total organic carbon<!--> <!-->rate (18.92 %) was detected. Thus, SFI flour was used as a potential carbon source for <em>B. thuringiensis</em> cells growth and delta-endotoxin production. A bio-sourced media based on diluted sea water, SFI flour and soybean meal, was optimized for BUPM98 delta-endotoxin production through the response surface methodology. The adjusted medium improved the production by 58 % compared to the reference medium. Moreover, an additional improvement of 22.85 % in delta-endotoxin synthesis was achieved through cultivating BUPM98 in 1 L shake flasks with baffles under optimal conditions. This enabled the biopesticides production in the novel medium (FPOM-SFI) to reach 2405.5 ± 45 mg/L. Interestingly, the FPOM-SFI(BUPM98) achieved a more than threefold activity than VectoBac®12AS. In fact, it revealed LC₅₀ values of 0.0039 mg/L and 0.0041 mg/L, against <em>Aedes aegypti</em> and <em>Anophele gambiae</em> larvae, respectively. These findings underscore the substantial potential of the BUPM98 based bio-pesticide produced in an almost bio-sourced medium for mosquito management in Tunisia as well as in North African countries, as an economical and eco-friendly alternative of chemical insecticides. FPOM-SFI(BUPM98) could be a sustainable and affordable pest control solution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8880,"journal":{"name":"Biological Control","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 105768"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143843906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soybean domestication and lead stress on plant–herbivore–parasitoid interactions","authors":"Yating Liu ,&nbsp;Luhan Li ,&nbsp;Shangyang Li ,&nbsp;Jiahao Xu ,&nbsp;Zhaoyi Feng ,&nbsp;Zhe Wang ,&nbsp;Liya Zeng ,&nbsp;Xiaohong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105770","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105770","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant domestication and soil heavy metal pollution alter plant–insect interactions and influence bottom-up and top-down effects. However, their combined effect on plants, herbivores, and parasitoids remains unclear. Here, we selected three soybean genotypes, namely wild N23312, landrace N28386, and cultivated Xiangdou 33, from the same region and examined the combined effects of soybean genotype and lead (Pb) on soybeans, the herbivore <em>Spodoptera litura</em>, and its parasitoid <em>Meteorus pulchricornis</em>. The effects of soybean genotype, Pb, and their combination significantly affected soybean nutrition and defense compounds, as well as the fitness of <em>S. litura</em> and <em>M. pulchricornis</em>, along with parasitoid host selection. Pb stress decreased soybean soluble protein and sugar contents, increased trypsin inhibitor and leaf Pb contents, and extended the developmental period of <em>S. litura</em> while simultaneously reducing its survival and body weight. Pb stress reduced <em>M. pulchricornis</em> cocoon weight, adult longevity, hind tibial length, and offspring fecundity and extended the parasitoid developmental period. Pb stress primed soybean plant defenses and the effects varied significantly among soybean genotypes. The wild genotype was affected the most, followed by the landrace and cultivated genotypes, which negatively affected <em>S. litura</em> and <em>M. pulchricornis</em>. <em>Meteorus pulchricornis</em> exhibited a preference for <em>S. litura</em> larvae in Pb-stressed soybeans, with preference ranking from wild to landrace to cultivated genotypes. The findings enhance our understanding of the ecological mechanisms underlying plant–insect interactions under domestication and environmental stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8880,"journal":{"name":"Biological Control","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 105770"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143833116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical nymphal stages of Orius laevigatus for suboptimal feeding with pollen: Regulated deficit feeding","authors":"María del Carmen Reche ,&nbsp;Amador Rodríguez-Gómez ,&nbsp;Virginia Balanza ,&nbsp;Ana Belén Abelaira ,&nbsp;Pablo Bielza","doi":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105767","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105767","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Augmentative biological control has proven to be highly effective in numerous greenhouse crops, largely due to the use of omnivorous predators. <em>Orius laevigatus</em> (Fieber) is a key natural enemy against thrips, and for practical application, this predator is mass-reared in biofactories, where the optimal artificial diet consists of <em>Ephestia kuehniella</em> eggs, a costly resource. However, <em>Orius</em> is known to complete its development on pollen, although the quality of the individuals produced is generally lower. This led us to question whether there are less critical developmental stages which feeding could be reduced without negatively impacting performance, naming it as “regulated deficit feeding”. To test this, we examined how partially substituting <em>Ephestia</em> eggs with pollen at specific developmental stages would affect insect development and rearing cost. Additionally, we investigated whether supplementing suboptimal amounts of <em>Ephestia</em> eggs with pollen throughout the entire nymphal period could improve overall development. Moreover, we carried out this study comparing two standard commercial populations of <em>O. laevigatus</em> with two genetically improved strains for better performance feeding on pollen. Two periods were established for nymphal development: from N1 to N3 and from N4 to N5. The period from N1 to N3 was the most critical for suboptimal feeding, leading to reduced survival, body size and female fecundity. Feeding with <em>Ephestia</em> eggs in this critical period (N1-N3) but with pollen in the less critical (N4-N5) reduced the cost of rearing to 30–70% of that of the optimal diet, without impacting biological parameters except body size, especially in the artificially selected populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8880,"journal":{"name":"Biological Control","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 105767"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}