甜菜田天敌增强：花带类型和景观要素的影响

IF 3.4 2区农林科学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biological Control Pub Date : 2025-08-31 DOI:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105879

Angela Studer , Linda Näpflin , Philippe Jeanneret , Katja Jacot

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引用次数: 0

摘要

花条（FS）增强了捕食者，可以帮助调节蚜虫。在甜菜作物中，早季蚜虫种群可以传播病毒，因此及时的FS资源是吸引蚜虫捕食者减少病毒传播的关键。本研究旨在确定早春时节支持蚜虫拮抗剂的最佳FS类型，追踪其在不同FS类型中的丰度，并分析影响拮抗剂存在的景观因素。我们选择了三种不同的混合种子，每种混合种子在10块不使用杀虫剂的甜菜地里播种。将FS类型与未施用杀虫剂田地的甜菜条和常规管理田地的甜菜条进行比较，两者都作为对照。在4月中旬、5月初和6月初，我们通过数花和用扫网收集昆虫来评估条带。秋播一年生和第二年多年生FS比其他处理的花量更大、更早。随着时间的推移，这两种FS类型的花组成也越来越明显。与春播和对照相比，这些品种的蚜虫拮抗剂含量更高。秋播与多年生食蚜蝇群落差异显著。在500 m尺度内，蠓科与森林覆盖率呈显著正相关，而食蚜蝇与森林覆盖率呈显著负相关。总体而言，秋播一年生和多年生玉米比春播一年生玉米更适合甜菜系统蚜虫的保护性生物防治。食蚜蝇组成的差异可能导致抑蚜效果的差异。从景观的角度来看，在开阔的景观中，靠近田地的森林区域对支持有益昆虫很重要。

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Enhancing natural enemies in sugar beet fields: The impact of flower strip types and landscape elements

Flower strips (FS) enhance predators that can help regulate aphids. In sugar beet crops, early-season aphid populations can spread viruses, so timely FS resources are key to attract aphid predators to reduce virus transmission. This study aims to identify the optimal FS type(s) for supporting aphid antagonists in early spring, track their abundances in the different FS types, and analyze the landscape factors influencing antagonist presence.

We selected three different seed mixtures, each sown on 10 sugar beet fields managed without insecticides. FS types were compared to sugar beet strips in fields without insecticides, and conventionally managed fields, both served as controls. We assessed the strips by counting flowers and collecting insects with a sweep net in mid-April, early May, and early June.

Autumn-sown annual and second-year perennial FS produced greater and earlier flower volumes than other treatments. Over time, the flower compositions of these two FS types also became increasingly distinct from each other. Aphid antagonists were more abundant in these FS types compared to spring-sown annual FS and controls. Hoverfly communities differed between autumn-sown and perennial FS. Braconidae were positively linked to forest cover within 500 m, while hoverflies showed a negative association with forest at the 2000 m scale.

Overall, autumn-sown annual and perennial FS are better suited for conservation biocontrol of aphids in sugar beet systems than spring-sown annual FS. Hoverfly composition differences may lead to variation in aphid suppression. From a landscape perspective, forested areas near fields within otherwise open landscapes are important in supporting beneficial insects.

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来源期刊

Biological Control 生物-昆虫学

CiteScore

7.40

自引率

7.10%

发文量

220

审稿时长

63 days

期刊介绍： Biological control is an environmentally sound and effective means of reducing or mitigating pests and pest effects through the use of natural enemies. The aim of Biological Control is to promote this science and technology through publication of original research articles and reviews of research and theory. The journal devotes a section to reports on biotechnologies dealing with the elucidation and use of genes or gene products for the enhancement of biological control agents. The journal encompasses biological control of viral, microbial, nematode, insect, mite, weed, and vertebrate pests in agriculture, aquatic, forest, natural resource, stored product, and urban environments. Biological control of arthropod pests of human and domestic animals is also included. Ecological, molecular, and biotechnological approaches to the understanding of biological control are welcome.