Biotecnia最新文献

{"title":"Dietary sources, bioavailability and health effects of carotenoids","authors":"C. I. Victoria-Campos, J. Ornelas-Paz, S. Ruiz-Cruz, J. J. Ornelas‐Paz, Braulio Cervantes-Paz, C. Rios-Velasco, J. D. Pérez-Martínez, A. A. Gardea-Bejar, E. Yahia, V. Ibarra-Junquera","doi":"10.18633/biotecnia.v25i1.1809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v25i1.1809","url":null,"abstract":"Carotenoids are non-polar compounds found in fruits and vegetables. The consumption of these compounds has been associated with many beneficial effects on human health, especially on the prevention of chronic diseases that are currently considered as problems of public health. These effects have mainly been attributed to the antioxidant properties of carotenoids, although many other mechanisms are involved, including the influence of carotenoids in the expression of genes involved in the pathogenesis of these diseases. Unfortunately, the bioavailability of these compounds is very limited. The effects of several factors on carotenoid bioavailability have been studied in order to identify the best strategies to increase the absorption of these compounds and, consequently, their bioactivity. Currently, important efforts have being carried out to determine the content and bioavailability of carotenoids from underutilized foods and the mechanisms involved in their bioavailability and beneficial effects. In this review, the recent findings on carotenoid sources, bioavailability and bioactivity are discussed.","PeriodicalId":8876,"journal":{"name":"Biotecnia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43339362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Métodos de extracción, funcionalidad y bioactividad de saponinas de Yucca: una revisión","authors":"Guadalupe Johanna Góngora Chi, Jaime Lizardi Mendoza, Y. L. López Franco, Marco López Mata, Luis Quihui Cota","doi":"10.18633/biotecnia.v25i1.1800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v25i1.1800","url":null,"abstract":"Las saponinas son metabolitos secundarios producidos naturalmente por las plantas debido al estrés biótico. Las plantas del género Yucca se consideran fuente de saponinas, particularmente de glucósidos esteroidales. Debido a su estructura química, son moléculas con diversas propiedades funcionales y con actividad biológica. Este documento explora de manera crítica los procesos tecnológicos reportados para la obtención de saponinas y extractos con saponinas de diversas especies del género Yucca, así como sus propiedades, bioactividad y aplicaciones actuales. Se considera que los extractos con saponinas de yuca presentan un potencial de uso a nivel industrial en diversas áreas, particularmente en tecnología de alimentos, salud y agropecuaria.","PeriodicalId":8876,"journal":{"name":"Biotecnia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43180699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Propuesta de un modelo de síndrome metabólico en ratones CD1 inducido con una dieta hipercalórica","authors":"Xóchitl Cruz Sollano-Mendieta, G. Escalona-Cardoso, Edgar Cano-Europa, Norma Paniagua Castro","doi":"10.18633/biotecnia.v25i1.1744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v25i1.1744","url":null,"abstract":"Las enfermedades metabólicas, incluyendo la obesidad y la diabetes mellitus tipo 2, representan un grave problema de salud y mortalidad, en México. La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) y otras asociaciones como la Federación internacional de la Diabetes (IDF) y el Programa Nacional de Educación para el Colesterol-Panel de Tratamiento para el Adulto III (NCEP-ATP III) definen el Síndrome Metabólico (SM), como la agrupación de alteraciones metabólicas que conllevan al desarrollo de obesidad, hipertensión y diabetes mellitus. El objetivo de este estudio fue desarrollar un modelo de SM en roedores CD1 utilizando una dieta hipercalórica y determinar las ventajas y/o desventajas comparado con otros modelos murinos. Se utilizaron ratones CD1 hembras y machos se dividieron en 2 grupos por género, un grupo control y otro grupo con dieta hipercalórica durante 10 semanas. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que la dieta hipercalórica es eficiente para desarrollar las alteraciones metabólicas presentes en el SM, se observaron mejores resultados en los ratones macho, por lo que se sugiere la utilización en este género para evitar los cambios hormonales presentes en las hembras adultas","PeriodicalId":8876,"journal":{"name":"Biotecnia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44134926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associated factors with human papillomavirus infection in adult women from northwest Mexico","authors":"Gloria Guadalupe Morales Figueroa, Marlene Bravo Parra, Karla María Olivas Matas, Julián Esparza Romero, Manuel Valenzuela Zamorano, O. M. Olivas López, Luis Quihui Cota","doi":"10.18633/biotecnia.v25i1.1780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v25i1.1780","url":null,"abstract":"Research on the association between risk factors and HPV infection in adult women from Hermosillo does not exist, so a study of cases and controls (1: 2) matched by age was designed to analyze this public health problem at local level. Participants were 33 and 66 women with and without HPV, respectively (mean age = 41.8 ± 7.9 years). The difference in characteristics between groups was tested with conditional logistic regression (univariate). Antioxidant intake was adjusted by total energy using the residual method. Two multivariate logistic regression models were generated to identify factors associated with HPV. In both models, the higher consumption of lycopene (OR = 0.96, CI =0.95-0.99, p = 0.019) and the higher Plasma Total Antioxidant Capacity (TACp) (OR = 0.05, CI 95% = 0.03-0.7, p = 0.024), even adjusted by the number of pregnancies, number of sexual partners, and total number of sexual partners per year, reduced the risk of HPV. Multiple pregnancies and sexual behavior increased the risk of HPV, and higher consumption of lycopene and CATp reduced it in the women in this study. Sex education should be strengthened, as well as the consumption of antioxidants in women from Hermosillo to prevent the development of cervical cancer.","PeriodicalId":8876,"journal":{"name":"Biotecnia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47476596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of antimicrobial susceptibility and genetic profiles (ERIC-PCR) of Enterococcus species, isolated from chicken viscera","authors":"Arantxa Almada-Corral, Maritza Alejandra Cordero-Ortiz, Lizbeth Dolores Ballesteros-Herrera, Siria de Jesús Calderón-Montoya, E. Bolado-Martínez, R. I. Sánchez-Mariñez, A. García-Galaz, I. C. Rodríguez-Hernández, M. Cortez-Rocha, Maritza Lizeth Álvarez Ainza","doi":"10.18633/biotecnia.v25i1.1869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v25i1.1869","url":null,"abstract":"The genus Enterococcus can be found in water, soil, and food, and above all, they are part of the animal (including human) intestinal microbiota. Food prevalence is mainly due to their resistance to adverse environmental conditions. Seventy-three isolates from chicken viscera were confirmed to belong to the Enterococcus genus by biochemical tests and carbohydrate fermentation. Phenotypic characterization of the species indicates that E. casseliflavus was the predominant specie. Antimicrobial resistance to amikacin (42 %), kanamycin (38 %), streptomycin (55 %), and erythromycin (33 %) in the isolates was notorious. The analysis obtained from ERIC-PCR profiles shows a high genetic variability among the isolates. In addition, a relationship between the antimicrobial and ERIC-PCR profiles was observed among isolates. These results indicate the presence of multi-resistant Enterococcus in commercial chicken viscera with high genetic variability, which could be a potential nosocomial bacterium or transfer this resistance to another pathogenic species causing human diseases.","PeriodicalId":8876,"journal":{"name":"Biotecnia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44335996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluación de películas comestibles de quitosano, agar y tomillo para mantener la calidad de frutos de aguacate ‘Hass’ durante su almacenamiento","authors":"T. J. Madera-Santana, Víctor Toledo-López, Karla Martinez-Robison, V. Rejón-Moo, Judith Fortiz Hernández","doi":"10.18633/biotecnia.v25i1.1728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v25i1.1728","url":null,"abstract":"En este trabajo se elaboraron películas comestibles (PCs) a base de quitosano (Q), agar (A) y tomillo (T), en cuatro diferentes formulaciones (Q, A, QA y QAT). A las PCs se les evaluaron propiedades mecánicas (tensión y elongación a la ruptura), propiedades estructurales (espectroscopía de infrarrojo por FTIR), propiedades térmicas (análisis termogravimétrico), propiedades de transporte (permeabilidad al vapor de agua) y análisis morfológico (microscopía electrónica de barrido). Las PCs de QA y QAT destacaron por su resistencia a la tensión, transparencia, velocidad de transmisión al vapor de agua y permeancia, así como la mayor capacidad antioxidante. Se evaluó el efecto de la aplicación de los recubrimientos comestibles (RCs) de QA y QAT en la calidad de frutos de aguacate “Hass” durante 13 días de almacenamiento a 25 °C. Se evaluaron periódicamente en los frutos las variables de pérdida de peso, tasa de respiración, producción de etileno, apariencia visual y pudriciones. La aplicación de los RCs al fruto redujo su pérdida de peso y extendió su vida de anaquel. Los RCs les confirieron a los frutos una barrera al vapor de agua, reduciendo la pérdida de peso en 40%. Así mismo, se disminuyó la incidencia de pudriciones de los frutos.","PeriodicalId":8876,"journal":{"name":"Biotecnia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43970945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efectividad biológica de extractos de Agave striata y Fouquieria splendens contra Clavibacter michiganensis Subp. michiganensis.","authors":"Jesús Eduardo Ramírez Méndez, Francisco Daniel Hernández Castillo, Marco Antonio Tucuch Pérez, Isaac Irving Camacho Aguilar, Roberto Arredondo Valdés, J. Á. Villarreal Quintanilla","doi":"10.18633/biotecnia.v25i1.1751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v25i1.1751","url":null,"abstract":"El cancro bacteriano es una de las enfermedades del tomate (Solanum lycopersicum), la cual es causada por la bacteria Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm). En el presente trabajo se realizó la identificación de Cmm mediante PCR de punto final utilizando los primers CMM5F y CMM6R. Se evaluó la efectividad de los extractos metanólicos de Agave striata y Fouquieria splendens sobre Cmm in vitro e invernadero, así también se obtuvo información acerca de la composición de fitoquímicos presentes en las plantas. El ensayo in vitro se realizó mediante la técnica de microdilución en placa desde los 3.9 mg/L a 1000 mg/L, se determinó la Ci50 y Ci90 de cada extracto . En el experimento en invernadero se evaluó el efecto de los extractos y un producto orgánico “Biobacter” contra Cmm, se calculó la incidencia, severidad y parámetros morfométricos. Los resultados in vitro indicaron que los extractos de F. splendens y A. striata presentan inhibición sobre el fitopatógeno, sin embargo, el extracto de F. splendens mostro control a menores concentraciones que con A striata. El ensayo en invernadero demostró que la incidencia, severidad y parámetros morfométricos fue menor con el extracto de F. splendens, así después con el producto Biobacter.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":8876,"journal":{"name":"Biotecnia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42290925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyphenolic-rich extracts from the leaves of Ilex paraguariensis and Larrea divaricata and their antioxidant and antiCOVID-19 potential","authors":"J. Contreras-Esquivel, C. N. Cano-González, J. Ascacio-Valdés, J. A. Aguirre-Joya, D. Aguillón-Gutiérrez, J. Breccia, J. Espinoza-Perez, Cristóbal N. Aguilar, Cristian Torres León","doi":"10.18633/biotecnia.v25i1.1762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v25i1.1762","url":null,"abstract":"Yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis A.St. Hil) and jarilla (Larrea divaricata Cav.) leaves are commonly used as tea infusions in some Latin American countries. This study was conducted to evaluate the antioxidant activity (FRAP, ABTS, and DPPH) and the inhibitory potential of yerba mate and jarilla extracts on the 3CL protease (Mpro) from coronavirus SARS-COV-2 by a molecular docking approach. The main bioactive compounds present in the plant extracts were identified by HPLC-MS. According to the results, the extracts of yerba mate and jarilla showed high antioxidant activity in DPPH (> 91 %), ABTS (> 90 %), and FRAP (> 47 mg TE/g) assays. Additionally, the phenolic compounds present in yerba mate, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside (rutin) (-9.60 kcal/mol) and 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid (-8.20 kcal/mol) were more effective on Mpro than the antiviral drugs remdesivir and ribavirin. The compounds rutin and 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid have a high affinity and interaction with one of the catalytic residues Cys145 of Mpro. The glycosylation of phenolic compounds affects biological activities: positively anti-COVID-19 and negatively antioxidant. The results suggest that extracts of yerba mate and jarilla leaves could enhance the body's antioxidant defenses and can be used to improve health.","PeriodicalId":8876,"journal":{"name":"Biotecnia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42572719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trichoderma harzianum y espinosina en el control de gorgojo del trigo Sitophilus granarius (L. 1758)","authors":"Gabriela Andrade-Bustamante, Ángel Manuel Suarez Hernández, Emmanuel Aispuro-Hernández, F. E. Martínez-Ruiz","doi":"10.18633/biotecnia.v25i1.1819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v25i1.1819","url":null,"abstract":"Sonora, un estado ubicado en el noroeste de México, se destaca a nivel mundial por ser un productor y proveedor de granos y forrajes, principalmente de trigo. Las condiciones agroclimáticas y tecnológicas existentes en las regiones donde se siembra trigo en Sonora, son favorables. Hay temporadas y espacios donde las plagas se vuelven un problema y uno de ellos es en el almacenaje. Sitophilus granarius, es un pequeño insecto el cual bajo condiciones favorable llega a afectar al trigo almacenado hasta en un 85%. Los esfuerzos investigativos están siendo orientados hacia el desarrollo de bioproductos a base de hongos o bacterias con acción entomopatógena, con utilidad potencial como bioinsecticidas. Estudios relacionados con Trichoderma harzianum y espinosina en el control del coleópteros- plaga de granos almacenados son mínimos y es en este contexto, el objetivo del presente trabajo consistió en evaluar el efecto de Trichoderma y la espinosina en el control de Sitophilus granarius en trigo almacenado. Para el desarrollo del estudio, el grano de todos los tratamientos fue impregnado primeramente con espinosina; tres concentraciones (tres tratamientos) de conidias de T. harzianum fueron asperjadas (T1:103, T2:106 y T3:109 conidias.mL-1), con cinco repeticiones cada tratamiento. En el studio fueron considerados controles sin tratamientos. Los tiempos de exposición del insecto a los tratamientos fueron de 72, 144 y 216 h. La tasa de mortalidad fue calculada. Para establecer las diferencias entre los tratamientos y los testigos, se realizaron análisis de varianza. Los resultados muestran que, Trichoderma harzianum presenta un efecto biorregulador sobre S. granarius, el cual es significativo cuando se combina con la espinosina. Este efecto bioregulador se enfatiza cuando se inoculan concentraciones superiores de 109 condias/mL. Se deben realizar estudios relacionados con la coinoculación y el uso de la espinosina, asimismo, evaluar la viabilidad de la semilla y propiedades organolépticos del grano.","PeriodicalId":8876,"journal":{"name":"Biotecnia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42798711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical composition, antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity of flower extracts from Magnolia grandiflora L. found in southeast Mexico","authors":"Tomás Rivas-García, J. Alejandre-Rosas, Á. Ramos-Ligonio, M. Castillo-Morales, J. Reyes-Pérez, Berenice Esquivel-Valenzuela","doi":"10.18633/biotecnia.v25i1.1680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v25i1.1680","url":null,"abstract":"Many reports state that different structures of M. grandiflora contain bioactive components. Nonetheless, phytochemical studies reported that the extracted essential oils are chemically different and remarkably variable in their qualitative and quantitative compositions. Further studies Mexican M. grandiflora needs to be done. Thus, the research aimed to characterize a) the chemical composition, b) the antioxidant activity and c) cytotoxicity effect of two M. grandiflora flower extracts. The chemical composition was evaluated by preliminary phytochemical test followed by thin layer chromatography, UV-Vis and FTIR spectrophotometer analysis. The antioxidant activity of the flower extracts was measured by the free radical-scavenging activity (ABTS) and the stable radical of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) method and the cytotoxicity by an Artemia salina bioassay. Water and ethyl flower extracts showed the presence of organic chromophores such as flavonoids. Both extracts (ethyl and water) demonstrated antioxidant activity by both ABTS (459.6±8.5 µmol TE g-1 and 274.2±5.7 µmol TE g-1 respectively) and DPPH (3210.4 ± 2.5 µmol TE g-1  and 219.7 ± 0.9 µmol TE g-1  respectively) methologies; and non-cytotoxic activity (LC50 , µg mL-1) (1,285 ± 14  and 1,116 ± 15 respectively). The water and ethyl extracts of M. grandiflora flowers found in southeast Mexico are a promissory source of chemical compounds with attributed biological activity according to the presented results.","PeriodicalId":8876,"journal":{"name":"Biotecnia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42378296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}