Biologia futura最新文献

{"title":"Culture-media-based evaluation of fungal diversity in petroleum-produced water: assessment of extracellular enzyme production.","authors":"Duygu Göksay-Kadaifciler, Sedat Berke Sümer, Tuğçe Tüccar, Esra Ilhan-Sungur","doi":"10.1007/s42977-026-00344-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42977-026-00344-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Petroleum-produced water (PW) represents a harsh environment under strong selective pressures, yet fungal diversity in these fluids remains poorly documented. This study investigated the culturable fungal diversity of PW and examined how well-specific environmental conditions and culture media may influence fungal recovery. The objectives were to determine culturable fungal diversity using saline and non-saline media, identify isolates using molecular methods, and screen for extracellular enzymatic activities (amylase, cellulase, lipase, and gelatinase). PW samples were collected from four oil wells in Adıyaman, Türkiye. Fungal growth was detected in all wells, with MK and SMT yielding the highest recovery (9 isolates each). Overall, 9 isolates were obtained from saline and 15 from non-saline media, with Czapek dox agar (8 isolates) and dichloran glycerol 18 agar (6 isolates) yielding the highest recovery. Aspergillus chevalieri, Aspergillus proliferans, Cladosporium funiculosum, Penicillium goetzii, and Steccherinum ochraceum are reported here for the first time from PW. The isolates were predominantly affiliated with Aspergillus and Penicillium, with Penicillium chrysogenum being the most frequently recovered species. All isolates exhibited at least one extracellular enzyme activity; notably, only P. chrysogenum P6, recovered from saline Czapek dox agar, exhibited all four activities. The observed differences in isolate recovery among wells and culture media may reflect the influence of local physicochemical conditions and cultivation conditions on the recovery of culturable fungi. However, these patterns should be interpreted cautiously given the limited number of sampling sites and the inherent biases of culture-dependent approaches. The detected enzymatic activities provide preliminary evidence of the metabolic potential of PW-associated fungi and identify these isolates as potential sources of enzymes of ecological and biotechnological interest.</p>","PeriodicalId":8853,"journal":{"name":"Biologia futura","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149214880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analyzis of the bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of fruit Cydonia oblonga.","authors":"Erzsébet Varga, Kincső Szász-Ajtony, Abdulnabi Abushita, Gabriella Donáth-Nagy","doi":"10.1007/s42977-026-00333-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42977-026-00333-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The authors compared Cydonia oblonga fruits from two regions of Transylvania with regard to their polyphenol content, total acidity, and vitamin C levels. The polyphenol content was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu method, which is based on a redox reaction involving electron transfer from phenolic compounds to the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. The results ranged from 365.96 ± 1.7 to 422.93 ± 2.3 mg GAE/100 g dry weight in aqueous extracts and from 397.50 ± 1.9 to 998.78 ± 4.5 mg GAE/100 g dry weight in methanolic extracts. These values are in agreement with those previously reported in the literature. No significant differences in polyphenol content were observed either between the harvested samples or between the solvents used. However, the analytical method and storage duration of the fruits may influence the measured polyphenol content. The flavonoid content of the fruits was determined using the method described in the 10th edition of the Romanian Pharmacopoeia. The results ranged from 30.9 ± 1.02 to 34.0 ± 1.05 mg QE/100 g dry weight for aqueous extracts and from 19.2 ± 0.98 to 20.7 ± 0.87 mg QE/100 g dry weight for methanolic extracts. The total acidity of the fruit extracts was measured by acid-base titration with potentiometric endpoint detection. The samples showed slight differences depending on the harvesting location and the extraction solvent (methanol or water). The vitamin C content was determined by bromatometric titration using p-ethoxychrysoidine as the endpoint indicator. The ascorbic acid content was found to depend on both the geographical origin of the samples and the nature of the extraction solvent.</p>","PeriodicalId":8853,"journal":{"name":"Biologia futura","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149147310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological peculiarities of Eurasian inland saline and alkaline soda waters.","authors":"Emil Boros","doi":"10.1007/s42977-026-00340-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42977-026-00340-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inland permanently alkaline soda waters (ASW) are characterized by the dominance of Na⁺, HCO₃^- and/or CO₃^2-, whereas non-permanently alkaline saline waters (SW) are typically dominated by Na⁺, Cl^- and/or SO₄^2- ions. Eurasian ASW and SW constitute unique ecosystems characterized by various ecological peculiarities, where the combination of shallow water depth, intermittent hydrological cycle, high diurnal water temperature fluctuations, high inorganic turbidity, a wide salinity range, alkaline pH, high concentrations of coloured dissolved organic carbon, and hypertrophic conditions creates compound ecological extremes. The essential differences between the trophic systems of endorheic ASW and SW can be attributed to certain distinct physical and chemical properties. Among these, the higher inorganic turbidity, dissolved organic carbon, and phosphorus concentrations characteristic of ASW-in contrast to SW-are particularly prominent. Consequently, the chlorophyll-a concentrations are substantially lower than expected relative to extreme phosphorus availability results in 'phytoplankton biomass paradox phenomenon' in ASW. This paradox phenomenon can be explained by light limitation from high inorganic turbidity and relative nitrogen deficiency caused by permanent high alkalinity. In contrast, net heterotrophy and the 'zooplankton biomass paradox' also occur in both intermittent ASW and SW, driven by endorheic hydrological characteristics and abundant waterbirds populations of these waters. The simultaneously occurring dual ecosystem control (bottom-up and top-down) exerted by waterbirds is characteristic of both endorheic intermittent ASW and SW. The 'phyto- and zooplankton biomass paradox' and the dual ecosystem control of waterbirds have previously been less quantified in inland standing waters.</p>","PeriodicalId":8853,"journal":{"name":"Biologia futura","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149103677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clay and organic matter interaction in the biogeochemical genesis of alkaline soda-lake water.","authors":"Maysam Alaa Baiee, Ilona Fekete, Márk Horváth, Emil Boros","doi":"10.1007/s42977-026-00334-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42977-026-00334-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This controlled experimental study examines bentonite, compost, and their combination (bentonite+compost) as biogeochemical drivers in the genesis of alkaline soda-lake water. Treatments affected mineral-water reactions (including hydrolysis), ion partitioning, and nutrient cycling processes, controlling brine evolution under non-flow-through, aerated bottle conditions in the laboratory. pH ranged from 8.18 to 10.35, highest in bentonite-only treatments, while electrical conductivity peaked in bentonite+compost at 995 µS cm⁻¹. At the final sampling point (day 30), the bentonite+compost treatment showed the strongest Na enrichment and carbonate-system response, with Na⁺ reaching 61.64 mg L⁻¹ and the carbonate-species signal 12.83 mg L⁻¹ (HCO₃^- + CO₃²⁻), compared with 52.53 mg L⁻¹ Na⁺ and 7.12 mg L⁻¹ carbonate-species signal in bentonite-only and 12.77 mg L⁻¹ Na⁺ and 4.93 mg L⁻¹ carbonate-species signal in compost-only. Compost-only produced the highest K⁺ (162.11 mg L⁻¹), Ca²⁺ (46.80 mg L⁻¹), and Mg²⁺ (20.39 mg L⁻¹), whereas bentonite-only showed the lowest dissolved Ca²⁺ (3.30 mg L⁻¹) and Mg²⁺ (2.26 mg L⁻¹); bentonite+compost was intermediate for divalent cations (Ca²⁺ 14.36 mg L⁻¹, Mg²⁺ 5.54 mg L⁻¹) and K⁺ (67.38 mg L⁻¹). For conservative anions, Cl⁻ increased across treatments from bentonite-only (241.02 mg L⁻¹) to compost-only (329.20 mg L⁻¹) to bentonite+compost (446.78 mg L⁻¹), while SO₄²⁻ was lowest in bentonite+compost (5.87 mg L⁻¹) relative to bentonite-only (23.71 mg L⁻¹) and compost-only (29.30 mg L⁻¹). Compost-treated samples showed nutrient enrichment, with TN increasing from 13.54 to 28.47 mg L⁻¹, TP from 7334.33 to 13475.5 mg L⁻¹, and TOC from 67.01 to 174.93 mg L⁻¹, whereas bentonite contributed minimal nutrients but maintained higher and less variable pH. Evaporation rates differed among treatments (20.77, 18.39, and 17.95 mL day⁻¹ for compost-only, bentonite-only, and bentonite+compost, respectively). The results are interpreted primarily from the solute chemistry dataset, with solid-phase and microbial effects inferred rather than directly measured. This deeper understanding of the biogeochemical genesis of alkaline soda waters provides crucial practical insights for the effective management and ecological restoration of these unique ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":8853,"journal":{"name":"Biologia futura","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149015526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revitalization of plant growth-promoting plant allied microbes: an eco-friendly approach for agricultural and environmental sustainability.","authors":"Rajeshwari Negi, Babita Sharma, Priya Darshani, Samrendra Singh Thakur, Anisa Ratnasari, Mukul Machhindra Barwant, Preety Tomar, Neelam Yadav, Ajar Nath Yadav","doi":"10.1007/s42977-026-00339-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42977-026-00339-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plants are increasingly recognized as metaorganisms because they harbor diverse and dynamic microbial communities that establish intricate symbiotic associations and collectively regulate plant growth, development, and adaptation to changing environmental conditions. Plant-associated microorganisms colonize distinct ecological niches, including the rhizosphere, phyllosphere, endosphere, and surrounding soil, where they contribute to nutrient acquisition, phytohormone production, disease suppression, and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. These multifunctional interactions have positioned plant growth-promoting (PGP) plant-allied microbes as promising alternatives to chemical fertilizers and pesticides for sustainable agriculture. However, despite significant advances in plant microbiome research, information on the diversity, functional mechanisms, agricultural applications, emerging technologies, and translational challenges of PGP microbes remains dispersed across the literature, limiting a comprehensive understanding of their potential for sustainable crop production. To address this gap, this review synthesizes recent advances in the ecology, functional mechanisms, and agricultural significance of plant growth-promoting plant-allied microbes, with particular emphasis on their roles in improving nutrient availability, enhancing crop productivity, suppressing phytopathogens, and increasing plant resilience to environmental stresses. The review further discusses recent developments in microbial consortia, microbiome engineering, omics-based technologies, and advanced bioformulation strategies, while critically evaluating challenges associated with commercialization, formulation stability, environmental variability, regulatory frameworks, and farmer adoption. Finally, future research priorities and technological innovations required for the successful integration of microbial-based solutions into climate-resilient agricultural systems are highlighted. This review provides a comprehensive and up-to-date perspective that supports the development and sustainable implementation of plant-allied microbial technologies for environmentally responsible agriculture and long-term food security.</p>","PeriodicalId":8853,"journal":{"name":"Biologia futura","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149007784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental drivers of carabid beetle communities in a historical urban park: a case study from Rusovce, Slovakia.","authors":"Juraj Litavský, Oto Majzlan, Vladimír Langraf","doi":"10.1007/s42977-026-00337-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42977-026-00337-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Urban green spaces, particularly historical parks, serve as important refuges for biodiversity in cities. However, the traits that allow species to persist in these areas remain underexplored. Carabids are widely recognised as sensitive bioindicators of environmental change and habitat quality. We studied carabid beetle communities in seven distinct habitats within a historical park in Rusovce (Bratislava, Slovakia) from March 2019 to April 2020 using pitfall traps, recording 756 individuals belonging to 54 species. The community was dominated by three large, flightless forest species: Abax parallelepipedus, Carabus ulrichii, and Carabus coriaceus. Strikingly, flightless species as a whole made up only 17% of species richness yet 80% of all individuals, suggesting that the park sustains populations of poorly dispersing, disturbance-sensitive carabids at unusually high densities for an urban setting. Redundancy analysis showed that microclimatic conditions (soil, surface, and air temperature) and vegetation structure (tree and herb layer cover and richness, stand age, and litter depth) were the principal drivers of community composition, whereas among management practices, only invasive plant species and trampling significantly reduced beetle diversity; mowing, tree cutting, and monoculture plantations had no measurable effect. Comparing these results with our parallel studies of harvestmen and spiders from the same park revealed that each taxon responds to a distinct combination of environmental drivers, underscoring the value of multi-taxon monitoring for urban biodiversity assessment. These findings identify concrete, low-cost management levers, such as controlling invasive plants and limiting trampling, that city park managers can use to protect ground-dwelling arthropod diversity as urbanisation intensifies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8853,"journal":{"name":"Biologia futura","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148981944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial diversity: the essential foundation for life on our planet.","authors":"Kriti Singh, Jatinder Mohan Julka","doi":"10.1007/s42977-026-00335-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42977-026-00335-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The biological basis of life on Earth is microbial diversity that ensures human health, agricultural productivity, ecological balance, and ecosystem functioning. Microorganisms enable ecosystem restoration through bioremediation, maintain soil fertility, support plant growth, manage vital biogeochemical cycles, and contribute to climate resilience. Precision probiotics, postbiotics, faecal microbiota transplantation, and personalized microbiome medicine are the examples of emerging microbiome-based therapies that offer promising therapeutic opportunities. In humans, the gut microbial community is essential for immune regulation, metabolism, and disease prevention. In terrestrial ecological systems, interactions between plants, fungi, bacteria, and other soil microorganisms improve carbon sequestration, nutrient cycling, stress resilience, and sustainable agricultural productivity in the given effects of climate change. Emerging uses in agriculture, environmental restoration, and medicine are made possible by advancements in multi-omic techniques, synthetic microbial genomes, microbiome engineering, and artificial intelligence. Considering these developments, issues with ecological complexity, long-term validation, standardization, and field scale application still exist. Therefore, preserving microbial diversity is important for conserving ecological resilience and strengthening the One Health framework, which highlights the mutual dependance of health of animal, human, plant, and environment. This review summarizes what has been discovered about ecological and biomedical relevance of microbiome, identifies important research gaps, highlighting emerging technologies, and evaluates potential future directions for using microbiome to support planetary sustainability.</p>","PeriodicalId":8853,"journal":{"name":"Biologia futura","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148975663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative efficacy of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, Photorhabdus luminescens and Beauveria bassiana against different developmental stages of Bactrocera cucurbitae.","authors":"Preety Tomar, Sakshi Kamta, Yankita Negi, Rajeshwari Negi, Neelam Yadav, Sangram Singh, Ajar Nath Yadav","doi":"10.1007/s42977-026-00338-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42977-026-00338-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tephritid fruit flies are among the most destructive insect pests of horticultural crops worldwide and can cause severe yield losses in cucurbit vegetables. The present study evaluated the efficacy of three entomopathogens, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Poinar), Photorhabdus luminescens (Thomas and Poinar), and Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo), against the different developmental stages of Bactrocera cucurbitae under laboratory conditions. Bioassays were conducted against maggots (3^rd instars), pupae, and adults using different concentrations of each entomopathogens. Significant mortality was recorded in maggots and pupae, whereas no mortality was recorded in adults. Among all these entomopathogens, P. luminescens (1×10⁹ CFU/mL) was highly effective against fruit fly larvae and caused 100% mortality after 120 h of exposure. Similarly, B. bassiana (1×10⁹ conidia/mL) was most effective against fruit fly pupae, followed by H. bacteriophora (100IJs/mL). Probit analysis revealed stage-dependent susceptibility, with lower LC₅₀ values observed for maggots than pupae. The LC₅₀ values for maggots were 20.4 IJs/mL for H. bacteriophora, 3.2 × 10⁵ CFU/mL for P. luminescens, and 4.6 × 10⁵ conidia/mL for B. bassiana. In pupae, the LC₅₀ values were 66.8 IJs/mL for H. bacteriophora and 7.1 × 10⁵ conidia/mL for B. bassiana. The findings demonstrate the potential of entomopathogens as environmentally safe alternative for managing immature stages of B. cucurbitae. Further studies should focus on field validation and formulation development to enhance their practical applicability in integrated pest management programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":8853,"journal":{"name":"Biologia futura","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148981949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yield and energy efficiency of phytoenergy crops under biopreparation treatments in the conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine.","authors":"Tetiana Manushkina, Margaryta Korkhova, Vira Mykolaichuk, Lyubov Khonenko","doi":"10.1007/s42977-026-00336-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42977-026-00336-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the current context of energy-resource shortages and increasing environmental pressures, the cultivation of phytoenergy crops is becoming particularly relevant, especially in regions with limited moisture, such as the Southern Steppe of Ukraine. The aim of the study was to determine the optimal species and varieties of energy crops, assess the effectiveness of biopreparations for increasing yield, and analyse the energy output of raw materials depending on cultivation technology. The methodology was based on field experiments using different crop species (Sorghum, Jerusalem artichoke, and cup plant), as well as biopreparations based on Bacillus megaterium, Trichoderma spp. and Azotobacter chroococcum. The results obtained showed that the highest yields were recorded in sorghum: Sudan grass (48.6 ± 1.2 t/ha) and sweet sorghum (46.8 ± 1.4 t/ha), whereas Jerusalem artichoke (38.4 ± 0.9 t/ha) and cup plant (32.6 ± 0.8 t/ha) lagged behind due to slower development in the first years. Combined treatment with biopreparations (Groundfix + Ekostern Trichoderma) provided a yield increase of up to 25.18% compared with the control, and sweet sorghum hybrid Verbliud achieved the maximum output of standard fuel equivalent (13.2 ± 0.4 t/ha) due to a high calorific value (4,120 kcal/kg). At the same time, raw-material moisture proved to be a key factor affecting energy efficiency. The conclusions confirm that the choice of crop, variety and biopreparation treatment is decisive for maximising energy output. The study's practical value is found in its recommendations for farmers on how to best cultivate phytoenergy crops in arid environments, which will advance bioenergy production and lessen the anthropogenic burden on agroecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":8853,"journal":{"name":"Biologia futura","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148944155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of conserved non-coding elements identifies gene regulatory networks rewired during the water-to-land transition in vertebrates.","authors":"Ferenc T Kagan, Zsombor Varga, Nóra Pápai, Máté Varga","doi":"10.1007/s42977-026-00332-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42977-026-00332-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The conquest of land by vertebrates has been a pivotal moment in evolutionary history. Adapting to the new habitats necessitated numerous changes in vertebrate anatomy and physiology, creating an enduring imprint on the developmental gene regulatory networks (GRNs) of tetrapods. The increase of high-quality genomic resources over the past decade has made it possible to study the genomic legacy of the water-to-land transition. While much attention has been given to the highly conserved non-coding elements (CNEs) of the genome that share high levels of similarity across evolutionarily diverged clades, recent evidence suggests that perhaps comparable attention should be given to \"missing\" CNE-s, conserved sequence patches present in extant stem gnathostomes and actinopterygian fishes that have become undetectable in tetrapods during the adaptation to terrestrial life, whether through true sequence loss or divergence beyond alignability. These sequences could help us reveal the relaxation of certain developmental constraints, related to the aquatic lifestyle, that made reaching new adaptive peaks in the developmental landscape possible. In this paper, we search for such CNEs and characterize them in comparison with pan-Gnathostome CNEs, using the zebrafish (Danio rerio) genome as a reference. Our results suggest that the rewiring of developmental networks related to pigmentation and muscle structure formation has left the largest genomic imprint. We also find that components of canonical Wnt and Hedgehog signalling, are enriched among CNEs retained in fish.</p>","PeriodicalId":8853,"journal":{"name":"Biologia futura","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148886216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}