Biotechnology and Health Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Biodegradation of Endosulfan as an Organochlorine Pesticide with Pseudomonas plecoglocissida Transfected by LinA Gene","authors":"M. A. Mehr, T. Farivar, R. Najafipour, A. Peymani, S. Alizadeh, P. Johari","doi":"10.5812/BHS.45306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/BHS.45306","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Organochlorinepesticides(OC)areappliedtosoilandagriculturalfarmsandcancontaminatesewerageandditches, which in turn may be transported to rivers, and consequently distributed in the environment and as a pollutant that endangers human health. Objectives: This study aimed at constructing a genetically engineered Pseudomonas plecoglossicida strain enabled to degrade the OC pesticide, endosulfan. Methods: Transfected Pseudomonas plecoglossicida strain was initially made in the following steps, first polymerase chain reaction (PCR) product of gene LinA from Sphingomonas paucimobilis UT26 was transferred to the pUC57 plasmid, and the plasmid was then transfected to P. plecoglossicida . Results: In endosulfan supplemented carbon-deficient minimal medium, the isolate showed its ability to hydrolyze endosulfan to endosulfansulphate. Theisolatewasobservedtogrowonendosulfanasthecarbonsource. Thus,thestrainwascapableofdegrading the OC pesticides and utilizing products of their degradation as nutrients. Conclusions: Ability of transfected Pseudomonas plecoglossicida strain in biodegradation of chemicals makes it an excellent candidate for bioremediation of contaminated agricultural and industrial sites.","PeriodicalId":8849,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77881194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biodegradation of Paraoxan as an Organophosphate Pesticide with Pseudomonas plecoglocissida Transfected by opd Gene","authors":"T. Farivar, A. Peymani, R. Najafipour, M. A. Mehr, S. Alizadeh, P. Johari","doi":"10.17795/BHS-45055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17795/BHS-45055","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Organophosphate pesticides (OP) are applied to agricultural farms and can be carried away into closely sewerage \u0000and gullies, which consequently carry water to rivers and lakes and when distributed in the environment they become polluted \u0000and require remediation. \u0000Objectives: The current study aimed at producing a genetically engineered Pseudomonas plecoglossicida capable of biodegradation \u0000of the organophosphate pesticides, paraoxon. \u0000Methods: Genetically engineered P. plecoglossicida was initially made by transferring polymerase chain reaction (PCR) product of \u0000opd gene from Flavobacterium sp. ATCC 27551 into the chromosome of P. plecoglossicida. \u0000Results: The constructed strain could hydrolyze paraoxon to p-nitrophenol and di-ethylphosphate in paraoxon supplemented in \u0000complete supplement mixture (CSM) medium. The isolate could use paraoxon as the only source of carbon. Thus, the bacteria \u0000degraded the organophosphate pesticides, and utilized nutrient products of their degradation. \u0000Conclusions: The observed versatility of genetically engineered P. plecoglossicida in biodegradation of xenobiotics suggested that \u0000this strain may be useful for the multipurpose bioremediation of contaminated agricultural and industrial sites. \u0000Keywords: Organophosphates, Pesticide, Bioremediation, Pseudomonas plecoglossicida","PeriodicalId":8849,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91183622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anemia and Its Relationship with Academic Performance among Adolescent School Girls in Kebena District, Southwest Ethiopia","authors":"Mohammed Teni, S. Shiferaw, Fekede Asefa","doi":"10.5812/BHS.13431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/BHS.13431","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Anemia affects more than 2 billion people worldwide. It is a serious public health concern in developing countries and its prevalence is quite high among female adolescents. In this study, we aimed to assess the prevalence of anemia among female adolescents and determine its relationship with their performance at school. Methods: The present school-based, cross sectional study was conducted on 442 female adolescents in Kebena district, Southwest Ethiopia from June 2012 to June 2013. In this study, cluster sampling method was used. The status of anemia was measured, using the HemoCue system (Hb 301 system) and categorized, based on the World Health Organization (WHO) cut-off point. The data were imported to EPI-Info version 3.5.3 and analyzed using SPSS version 16.0. The students’ academic performance was assessed, based on the average academic score in 2012 2013. Results: The prevalence of anemia was 12% among the participants (95% CI, 9.2 15.3), which was categorized as moderate (0.9%) and mild (11.1%) anemia. Younger age (OR = 4.4; 95% CI, 1.9 9.9) and frequently walking barefoot (OR = 2.7; 95% CI, 1.1 6.8) were significantly associated with anemia. Younger age (OR = 1.7; 95% CI, 1.1 3.1), educational status (OR = 2.6; 95% CI, 1.5 4.4), absent days from school (OR = 1.6; 95% CI, 1.1 2.5), high workload at home (OR = 1.9; 95% CI, 1.3 2.5), eating less than 3 times a day (OR = 1.6; 95% CI, 1.2 3.0), and anemic status (OR = 1.7; 95% CI, 1.2 2.7) were significantly associated with low academic performance. Conclusions: Anemia screening should be directed towards adolescent school girls. Also, iron and folic acid supplementation programs may help improve the academic performance of these individuals.","PeriodicalId":8849,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75202163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Fish Oil Fatty Acid Supplementation on Two-Step Tuberculin Skin Test: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial","authors":"A. Allami, F. Ali, H. Jafarpour, Navid Mohammadi","doi":"10.5812/BHS.39876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/BHS.39876","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A two-step tuberculin skin test (TST) should be performed if the subsequent TSTs are to be conducted at regular intervals, especially among health care professionals, and its interpretation of serial TST is particularly complex. Methods: In this randomized controlled clinical trial, the effect of fish oil fatty acid (FA) supplementation on two-step TST was investigated. The outcome was considered a change in 2 sequential TST induration sizes; 6 mm or more were considered as a criterion to distinguish the increase in reaction size. The study protocol was approved in the ethic committee of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences. In the present study, 213 healthy participants (medical and nursing students of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences in 2014) were randomly assigned into a normal diet (control) or fish oil supplementation (treatment) group. One gram of fish oil supplement was given to the treatment group daily for 5 consecutive days. Results: The mean secondary induration and the difference between the primary and secondary induration sizes were significantly higher in the fish oil users (P < 0.001). Noticeable increase in TST size in the treatment group was significantly higher than in the control (16.3% vs. 1.2%). Conclusions: Short-term supplementation with fish oil FAs seems to increase the accuracy of two-step TST.","PeriodicalId":8849,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75522224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary Ovarian Ectopic Pregnancy: A Case Report","authors":"Fatemeh Samiee-Rad, Mahsa Ziaee-Ardestani, M. Kalhor, B. Keshavarzi","doi":"10.5812/BHS13426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/BHS13426","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Ectopic pregnancy is a serious health problem that leads to maternal mortality and morbidity. The current article was based on the record of a female patient with primary ovarian ectopic pregnancy. \u0000Case Presentation: The patient was a 28-year-old female with regular previous menstrual cycle and without using any contraception method. She presented with right lower abdominal pain and amenorrhea. Transvaginal sonography findings revealed a gestational sac in the right ovary. Finally, primary ovarian ectopic pregnancy was diagnosed by laparotomy and confirmed by histopathology. \u0000Conclusions: To prevent misdiagnosis, an awareness of this issue should be developed by gynecologists, surgeons, and radiologists. \u0000Keywords: Ovary, Ectopic Pregnancy","PeriodicalId":8849,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81379879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinicopathological Findings of the Cardia and Gastroesophageal Junction in Adult Candidates for Endoscopy in Qazvin, Iran","authors":"F. Hajmanoochehri, R. Samimi, S. Oveisi, M. Ebtehaj","doi":"10.5812/BHS-37627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/BHS-37627","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8849,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80608426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Biotechnology on Reproductive Medicine","authors":"D. Meldrum","doi":"10.17795/BHS-43469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17795/BHS-43469","url":null,"abstract":"Reproductive Medicine has been at the forefront of the biotechnology revolution. Over the last three decades, a very significant proportion of abstracts at our major meetings and papers in our journals have employed molecular techniques to elucidate basic gene expression and cellular metabolic pathways in the study of reproductive processes. The resulting insights have yielded new understanding of the basic mechanisms of reproductive diseases and innovative therapeutic modalities. Specific examples will be used to illustrate this remarkable progress. In 1988, Hollands reported the rescue of lethally irradiated rats by infusion of haemopoietic stem cells from mouse blastocysts grown in vitro (1). This remarkable study was published decades before stem cells (now induced pluripotent cells from the recipient to avoid rejection) became a clinical tool for repopulating the bone marrows of cancer patients following lethal doses of chemotherapy and or radiation. In 1992, Lou Ignarro, who later shared a Nobel Prize for the discovery of nitric oxide (NO), showed using human penile tissue that the effect of neural NO release was enhanced by an inhibitor of cyclic GMP degradation (2), leading to the development of highly effective treatments for erectile dysfunction (ED) (3). Further elucidation of the factors influencing NO production and degradation has led to important insights into lifestyle and nutritional factors influencing erectile health (4, 5). In the mid-1990’s, as the result of work carried out by the research group under Antonio Pellicer in Valencia, Spain and others, the etiology of increased vascular permeability and consequent extreme fluid shifts characteristic of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) were shown to be due to increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptor2 (VEGFR2) (6). The incidence of OHSS was reduced by 50% by identifying and clinically utilizing the role of dopamine agonists to inhibit phosphorylation of VEGFR-2. That discovery, together with understanding and thereby avoidance of clinical factors stimulating VEGF, has now made morbid and potentially fatal OHSS a rare occurrence. Again in the 1990’s David Gardner, along with others, defined the reproductive tract nutrients available during in vivo embryo development and the specific stagespecific requirements of embryos developing to the blastocyst stage. Those insights and clinical experience enabled the design of media specifically for embryos over the first 72 hours and the following 24 to 84 hours of culture (7), improving IVF efficiency and making accurate chromosome analysis a reality. Study of blastocyst metabolism that predicts a successful pregnancy has been progressing rapidly (8). In the late 1990’s techniques became available to assess DNA fragmentation of sperm, first by flow cytometry and later by techniques such as TUNEL and COMET. DNA fragmentation increases with age (9) and may contribute to the low success rates i","PeriodicalId":8849,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72735111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous Detection of Pathogenic and Saprophyte Leptospira in Human Plasma by Multiplex Taqman Real Time PCR","authors":"S. Alizadeh, A. Javadi, S. Alizadeh, R. Najafipour, T. Farivar","doi":"10.5812/BHS-43712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/BHS-43712","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Leptospirosis is an infectious disease caused by pathogenic and saprophytic Leptospira species. The clinical and laboratory diagnosis of this infection is complicated. However, timely diagnosis of leptospirosis is essential for treatment of this disease. \u0000Conventional laboratory methods are incapable in the early diagnosis of it. Molecular tests such as real time PCR are very efficient when diagnosing it. \u0000Objectives: In this study, we designed and developed a multiplex Taqman real time PCR to simultaneously detect saprophyte and pathologic Leptospira in clinical samples. \u0000Methods: 250 human plasma samples were obtained from suspected patients. Two pair specific primers and the corresponding probe for detecting pathogenic and saprophytic Leptospira were designed and established in a single tube. The developed tests were run on all DNA extracted from the samples. \u0000Results: Of the 250 samples, 93 (37.2%) werepositive for pathogenicand 15 (6%) for non-pathogenic cases. In two samples, pathogenic and non-pathogenic DNA strains were simultaneously positive. \u0000Conclusions: Based on our finds, the real time PCR is a suitable test for the diagnosis of leptospirosis and differentiation between pathogen and saprophyte Leptospira simultaneously. \u0000Keywords: Leptospira, Real Time PCR, Saprophyte, Leptospirosis","PeriodicalId":8849,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82904847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Ureaplasma urealyticum in Endocervical Specimens of Female Patients in Qazvin, Iran","authors":"H. Bahrami, T. Farivar, M. Aslanimehr, A. Peymani, Talat Dabaghi Ghaleh, H. Hashemi, Saman Saadat","doi":"10.17795/BHS-39599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17795/BHS-39599","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Ureaplasma urealyticum that is the smallest free-living bacterium does not have bacterial cell wall. These organisms \u0000cause different infections in respiratory and urinary tract system in close contact with epithelial cells. The current study aimed to \u0000determine the prevalence of U. urealyticum in endocervical samples of female patients referred to Kowsar hospital in Qazvin, Iran. \u0000Methods: The study was conducted on 232 married females aged 20 - 50 years. According to a gynecologist’s request, genital tract \u0000biopsies were taken from each individual using Dacron swabs. Each swab was placed into 4 mL of the pleural pneumonia-like organism \u0000(PPLO) broth media. Then 25 �L of the suspension was inoculated on the surface of PPLO agar. The remaining broth media \u0000and agar plates were incubated at 35°C in 5% CO2 atmosphere. \u0000Results: Out of 232 tested samples, 87 cases (37.5%) were positive for U. urealyticum and 145 (62.5%) were negative. \u0000Conclusions: Rapid laboratory detection of genital Ureaplasma in pregnant females is very important, mainly because of the ability \u0000of the bacteria to colonize the endocervical lining and cause injury to the fetus","PeriodicalId":8849,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89948556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Effective Factors on the Quality of Life of Patients Suffering from Ulcerative Colitis in Remission","authors":"A. Hajaghamohammadi, B. Keshavarzi, A. Zargar","doi":"10.5812/BHS-41877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/BHS-41877","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease with a variable and unpredictable course. This disease has noticeable consequences and by causing limitations in the life style of patients affects their quality of life. \u0000Objectives: In this study, we evaluated the quality of life (QOL) of these patients in the remission period of this disease. \u0000Methods: Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in 96 patients suffering from UC in clinical remission phase were evaluated by the use of two questionnaires of IBDQ and SF-36 which evaluate the domains of QOL and physical-psychological health, respectively. Results were analyzed by independent sample t-test and regression analysis using of SPSS version 22. \u0000Results: Mean total scores from SF-36 and IBDQ tests were 79.5 ± 17.7 and 48.8 ± 9.5, respectively. Based on the results of IBD-Q test, the least score was given to the systemic symptoms (11.01 ± 3.17) and the most was related to the emotional function (30.06 ± 8.03). In the domain of physical-psychological health, physical health (15.06 ± 25.7) compared to the psychological health (33.5 ± 7.8) \u0000had a higher score. In addition, the mean total score from the IBD-Q test (P = 0.017), intestinal symptoms (P = 0.015) and emotional function (P = 0.007) were statistically more significant in males compared to the females. \u0000Conclusions: In patients suffering from UC in the remission phase males had a better HRQOL compared to females. Also remission period and absence of EIM have a positive effect on the QOL of these patients. \u0000Keywords: Ulcerative Colitis, Health Related Quality of Life, IBDQ, SF-36","PeriodicalId":8849,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74214815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}