Biodiversity and Conservation最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of ecotone changes over the last six decades in two cultural landscapes: The case of the Prosecco Hills of Conegliano and Valdobbiadene UNESCO site and of the Olive Groves of the Slopes between Assisi and Spoleto GIAHS site","authors":"Francesco Piras, Alessandra Bazzurro, Beatrice Fiore, Federica Romano, Antonio Santoro","doi":"10.1007/s10531-023-02725-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-023-02725-5","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Cultural landscapes are often characterized by a complex landscape structure providing different habitats, nesting place, food reservoirs and ecological networks, for different fauna and flora species. Edges between different land uses can be assimilated to ecotones, and land uses changes over the years also affect ecotones characteristics and associated biodiversity. This study intends to contribute to the understanding of the relation between land use changes and ecotone characteristics and changes in two Italian cultural landscapes inscribed in the UNESCO WHL and in the FAO GIAHS (Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems) Programme, applying a GIS-based methodology. In the last six decades, in both study sites, agricultural areas decreased with consequent increase of forests and shrublands. This trend affected ecotones presence and density, but in different ways depending on the characteristics of the study areas. In the Prosecco Hills of Conegliano and Valdobbiadene UNESCO site the analyses recorded an overall reduction of ecotones total length (− 6.4%), in particular of the first level ecotones (the ones between forests and agricultural areas) due to the loss of high altitude pastures that have been recolonized by forests, and of the second level ecotones (the ones between different types of cultivated areas) due to the agricultural mosaic simplification caused by the reduction of mixed cultivations and the spread of monocultures. In the Olive Groves of the Slopes between Assisi and Spoleto GIAHS site, similar land use trends caused an increase of the total length of first (+ 53.7%) and second level ecotones (+ 13.5%). This different behavior highlighted for the two sites, demonstrates that the relation between land use changes and ecotones changes is site-specific. The average density of first level ecotones decreased in both the study sites (− 20.2% in the UNESCO site and − 30.3% in the GIAHS site), while the maximum density remains high (424 m/ha in the UNESCO site and 794 m/ha in the GIAHS site). The applied methodology and the classification of ecotones according to a hierarchical system demonstrated to be effective in their identification and assessment. The study demonstrated that cultural landscapes are characterized by important ecotones networks and that preserving landscapes of recognized cultural value also means protecting ecotones, and associated habitats and biodiversity. Instead of only focusing on increasing protected areas number and surface, EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030 should consider traditional cultural landscapes as a pillar for biodiversity conservation.","PeriodicalId":8843,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversity and Conservation","volume":"222 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136114553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing global warming vulnerability of restricted and common plant species in alpine habitats on two Oceanic Islands","authors":"Juana María González Mancebo, Víctor Bello-Rodríguez, Jonay Cubas, Jesús Parada-Díaz, Ángel Bañares-Baudet, Ángel Palomares, José Luís Martín-Esquivel, Marcelino J. del Arco","doi":"10.1007/s10531-023-02731-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-023-02731-7","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Climate change is modifying plant communities and ecosystems around the world. Alpine ecosystems are of special concern on oceanic islands, due to their characteristic higher endemicity percentage, small area and undergoing severe climate change impact in the last few decades. During recent decades there has been increasing interest in the effects of climate change on biodiversity and a range of methods have been developed to assess species vulnerability. However, some new insights are necessary to obtain useful information for species management on oceanic islands. Here in the alpine area of two oceanic islands (Tenerife and La Palma) we evaluate the drivers that best explain the vulnerability of 63 endemic species along three scenarios, covering recent past to present and two future projections (2041–2060 and 2061–2080). The selected drivers were: loss of potential area, mismatch index between potential and occupied areas in different scenarios, and adaptive capacity constraints. We assess the influence of potential area size and whether the drivers of risk and the vulnerability for common, restricted and rare species are significantly different. Our results indicate that management must be widely distributed over the species, and not only focus on restricted species. Evidence for this was that drivers directly deriving from climate change showed no significant differences in their impact on the rarity groups identified. Vulnerability depends partially on the potential area size, showing a more complex picture where constraints on the adaptive capacity of the species have a strong enough influence to modify the effects of the characteristic drivers of climate change.","PeriodicalId":8843,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversity and Conservation","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135802066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interplay between pond size and matrix extent drives odonate diversity patterns in a fragmented landscape","authors":"Charl Deacon, Michael J. Samways, James S. Pryke","doi":"10.1007/s10531-023-02726-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-023-02726-4","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Landscape fragmentation impacts freshwater habitats and their quality, affecting aquatic insect assemblages. Adjacent terrestrial areas are important secondary habitats where amphibiotic insects mature, feed, find mates, and move to locate aquatic breeding habitats. Using a factorial design with 27 small and large ponds within small and large natural patches in an exotic tree plantation-fragmented landscape of South Africa, and odonates as model organisms, we investigated (1) how pond size/natural terrestrial patch size interaction affects odonate diversity patterns versus habitat quality variables, and (2) determined whether anisopterans and zygopterans respond differently to landscape fragmentation. Species richness was similar among ponds. However, odonate abundance was highest in large ponds regardless of natural terrestrial patch size. Zygopteran functional richness and diversity was driven by pond and natural patch size, suggesting that zygopterans are sensitive to landscape fragmentation. In contrast, anisopterans were more resilient to fragmentation and more likely to select suitable habitats following water chemistry and vegetation characteristics. Overall, large ponds were occupied by different odonate assemblages compared to small ponds, and occupancy was strongly associated with mobility traits. These findings emphasize that ponds in both small and large natural terrestrial patches have conservation value. A pondscape that represents various pond sizes is important for maintaining regional odonate diversity. Pond conservation needs to be considered in the wider terrestrial context, which host a range of important secondary habitats. Adjacent natural terrestrial habitats also connect nearby aquatic habitats, which enable insects to move across the landscape in response to natural and artificial drivers.","PeriodicalId":8843,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversity and Conservation","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136210955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing concrete nest boxes for cavity-nesting bees","authors":"Mickaël Henry, Pierre-Jules Berrou, Sarah Bourdon, Laurent Guilbaud, Bernard E. Vaissière","doi":"10.1007/s10531-023-02719-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-023-02719-3","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Artificial nest boxes for solitary bees and other cavity-nesting Hymenoptera are increasingly used for a variety of purposes, including ecological research, crop pollination support and public outreach. Their attractivity and colonization success by cavity-nesting solitary bees depend on their design and placement, including hole dimensions, orientation and the neighboring habitats and available resources. While most bee nest boxes are made of wooden materials, we assessed here the suitability of perennial, concrete nest boxes for cavity-nesting bees. We carried out a three-year nesting survey of 52 custom-made nest boxes located in 11 different sites throughout France and totaling 2912 available holes of 6, 8, 10 or 12 mm in diameter. Concrete nest boxes successfully attracted reproductive females of solitary bee species and supported successful larval development until the emergence of new individuals. Preferred cavities were the smallest ones (6-8 mm), located at the lowest tested positions above ground (31-47 cm) and oriented southward. Local bee populations established in nest boxes steadily increased throughout the three successive seasons in nearly all study sites. The cavity-nesting bee communities were mostly composed of rather common and generalist species, but also comprised a foraging specialist. Additionally, two cleptoparasitic bee species were detected. All species belonged to the Megachilidae. We further discuss the effects of neighboring urban and natural habitats as potential source or sink of nesting bees, as well as opportunities of concrete nest boxes as tools for urban agriculture and more generally for the new biomimetic urban designs to restore local ecosystem services in cities.","PeriodicalId":8843,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversity and Conservation","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135254326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevation range and contemporary climate determine the taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity of forest mammals","authors":"Lu Feng, Xiaoming Ma, Alice C. Hughes, Gang Feng","doi":"10.1007/s10531-023-02715-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-023-02715-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8843,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversity and Conservation","volume":"169 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135254952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unstructured citizen science reduces the perception of butterfly local extinctions: the interplay between species traits and user effort","authors":"Elia van Tongeren, Ginevra Sistri, Marco Bonifacino, Mattia Menchetti, Lorenzo Pasquali, Vania Salvati, Emilio Balletto, Simona Bonelli, Alessandro Cini, Mariagrazia Portera, Leonardo Dapporto","doi":"10.1007/s10531-023-02721-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-023-02721-9","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The detection of local extinctions is often hindered by the lack of long-term monitoring schemes, and thus relies on time series of presence data. Recently, citizen science has repeatedly shown its value in documenting species occurrences. We investigated the effectiveness of unstructured citizen science records in reducing the perception of local extinctions in butterfly populations across Italian National Parks. We addressed three research questions: (i) the ability of citizen science data to supplement existing knowledge to complete time series of occurrences, (ii) the impact on data collection of three species features (species size, distribution and length of flight period) determining their appearance, and (iii) the interplay between participant effort and species appearance in the amount of diversity recorded on the iNaturalist platform. Our analysis of 98,922 records of Italian butterflies (39,929 from literature and 58,993 from iNaturalist of which 7427 from National Parks) showed that the addition of iNaturalist data filled many recent gaps in time series, thus reducing the perception of potential local extinctions. Records from more engaged users encompassed a higher fraction of local biodiversity and were more likely to reduce the perception of local extinctions. User effort strongly interacted with species features in determining the frequency of records for individual species. In particular, more engaged users were less affected by species size. We provided updated butterfly checklists for Italian National Parks and a R package to calculate potential extinction upon time series. These results offer guidance for protected areas, conservationists, policymakers, and citizen scientists to optimize monitoring of local populations.","PeriodicalId":8843,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversity and Conservation","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134947436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medicinal leech habitats: important biodiversity hotspots for fish species conservation","authors":"Mustafa Ceylan, Osman Çetinkaya, Rahmi Uysal, Vedat Yeğen","doi":"10.1007/s10531-023-02722-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-023-02722-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8843,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversity and Conservation","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135592562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Ready! Set! Lichen!”: a citizen-science campaign for lichens, against the odds of success","authors":"Piret Lõhmus, Polina Degtjarenko, Silvia Lotman, Ovidiu Copoț, Raul Rosenvald, Asko Lõhmus","doi":"10.1007/s10531-023-02724-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-023-02724-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8843,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversity and Conservation","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135246914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the macro and micro geographic mechanisms that modulate the coexistence between sympatric Sturnira bat species","authors":"Esteban Mosquera-Izquierdo, Romeo A. Saldaña-Vázquez, Mariano S. Sánchez, Federico Villalobos, John Harold Castaño","doi":"10.1007/s10531-023-02712-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-023-02712-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8843,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversity and Conservation","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135477689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insect diversity in heterogeneous agro-environments of Central Europe","authors":"Jan Christian Habel, Werner Ulrich, Andreas H. Segerer, Thomas Greifenstein, Johannes Knubben, Jerôme Morinière, Vedran Bozicevic, Armin Günter, Axel Hausmann","doi":"10.1007/s10531-023-02717-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-023-02717-5","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Insect diversity has been decreasing significantly during the past decades. A main driver causing this negative trend is agricultural intensification, which causes habitat destruction and a deterioration of habitat quality. We caught flying arthropods with 28 Malaise traps and two light traps across a heterogeneous Central European agro-environment in southern Germany over a period of four years. The arthropods captured with Malaise traps were assigned to barcode index numbers (BINs) based on metabarcoding. Lepidopterans caught with light traps and light towers were identified based on morphological characters. Within the four years study, a total of 11,984 insect operational taxonomic units (OTUs) related to unique BINs on BOLD (> 95% similarity) were recorded across this agro-environment. 7835 of them could be assigned to insect order and the vast majority of them represent different species. Different estimates of the total species richness ranged between 8188 and 11,512 OTUs (a proxy for species). This number corresponds to about 26–36% of the total German insect fauna. Light trapping also yielded a high species diversity and returned 502 Lepidoptera species (compared to 784 species captured with Malaise traps). The overlap between light and Malaise traps was less than 45%. The Malaise trap catches showed that insects are more diverse along forest edges than in the centre of meadows. Our findings underline the high value of heterogeneous agro-environments for biodiversity, and the high value when combining data collected with different sampling techniques.","PeriodicalId":8843,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversity and Conservation","volume":"243 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134960114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}