Biodiversity and Conservation最新文献

{"title":"Benthic diatoms and phytoplankton diversity in urban streams and ponds: charting a course for conservation.","authors":"A T Castro-Castellon, M J Hill, E Conroy, A Daw, H Gurung, J S Hernández-Avilés, S J Hobbs, V H Salinas-Camarillo, I Thornhill","doi":"10.1007/s10531-026-03305-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10531-026-03305-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Benthic diatom and phytoplankton communities are key indicators of freshwater ecosystem health and change but remain understudied. A better understanding of their distribution and abundance drivers is crucial for effective biodiversity assessment and conservation. This study adopts a novel, multi-ecosystem approach to examine the seasonal (2019-2020) diversity of benthic diatom assemblages in urban streams and phytoplankton assemblages in ponds across Bristol (UK) and the local environmental factors shaping these communities. Among ponds, winter recorded significantly fewer phytoplankton taxa than summer and autumn. Among streams, patterns of benthic diatom beta diversity indicated higher turnover in autumn than in winter, and among pond habitats, turnover dominated in the summer and autumn seasons, but nestedness explained more of the composition variation in winter. No significant differences in Local Contributions to Beta Diversity (LCBD) were recorded between seasons for either streams or ponds. However, among streams, LCBD was consistently high at sites with elevated phosphorus, indicating how nutrient enrichment can shape unique assemblages. In streams, nitrate emerged as the principal driver of diatom diversity and composition during the autumn season, whilst, pH, ammonium, zinc, and potassium distinguished diatom communities during the winter. In ponds, pH influenced phytoplankton assemblages in summer, possibly through nutrient and inorganic carbon availability changes. However, no strong environmental-species relationships were identified in autumn or winter, suggesting biotic interactions may be more influential during these seasons. We highlight the need for more comprehensive, long-term monitoring for the inclusion of diatoms and phytoplankton in urban freshwater management and conservation strategies.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10531-026-03305-z.</p>","PeriodicalId":8843,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversity and Conservation","volume":"35 6","pages":"149"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13090212/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147721755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mycorrhizal fungal associations of the fringed orchids (<i>Platanthera</i>) in the US, inter- and intra-species variation.","authors":"Melissa K McCormick, Ida Hartvig, Simone A Evans, Julianne McGuinness, Stephanie Lyon, Zöe Knapp, Jason Ligon, Lauren Eserman, Emily Coffey, Dennis F Whigham","doi":"10.1007/s10531-025-03233-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10531-025-03233-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding which orchid mycorrhizal fungi (OMF) are needed to support orchid growth is critical for their conservation. We used DNA sequencing and network analysis of OMF collections from the North American Orchid Conservation Center, along with published sequences, to compare the OMF associated with 28 species and 4 natural hybrids in the genus <i>Platanthera</i>. We found that relatedness of orchid species was generally a poor predictor of OMF associates. However, species in sections <i>Fimbriata</i> and <i>Blephariglottis</i> that co-occurred and formed natural hybrids associated with multiple fungi that were completely shared among co-occurring species. Differences in mycorrhizal associates within species mapped onto orchid genetic differences that distinguished geographic regions (mountains vs. coast vs. inland, not strictly geographic distance). Orchids that were specialized or moderately specialized in their OMF associations required relatively few samples to describe the bulk of their associated OMF, while generalized orchids required considerably more samples to describe their associated OMF. These results provide insight into species differences in mycorrhizal associations and can be used to guide management actions, as well as providing a foundation for future research.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10531-025-03233-4.</p>","PeriodicalId":8843,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversity and Conservation","volume":"35 2","pages":"48"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12827425/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146050335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing direct effects of insect change on insectivore populations in the United Kingdom.","authors":"L C Evans, M D Burgess, S G Potts, W E Kunin, R Fox, K E Powell, K Boughey, C A Harrower, Y Bourhis, B Martay, T H Oliver","doi":"10.1007/s10531-026-03329-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10531-026-03329-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Declines in insect abundance are a cause for concern, with potential downstream impacts on ecosystem function. Insects are key food resources for insectivorous vertebrates, with evidence that reductions in prey availability may influence population dynamics. Yet quantifying direct effects at large spatial scales is difficult, both due to data limitations and because correlations may reflect shared responses to environmental change rather than trophic links. We assess the role of insect abundance in the dynamics of 10 insectivores (five birds, five bats) in the United Kingdom by pairing insect and vertebrate abundance data at three spatial resolutions (100, 50, 10 km) from multiple citizen science programmes. To address the challenges of inference and combining heterogeneous data, we adopt a multiple-specification approach spanning: (1) association, (2) prediction, and (3) causal inference. We found evidence of overall declines for all bird species evaluated and for most indices of insect abundance, though none of the bat species tested showed consistent declines. Despite indices of both insect and bird abundance declining, declines did not always co-occur spatially. We also detected only moderate evidence of links between insect change and insectivore population change, notably blue tit and great tit with moth abundance, and grey partridge with Diptera abundance. Across taxa, spatial scales, and analytical approaches, we did not find consistent evidence that changes in insect abundance are a dominant driver of insectivore declines. Both insects and insectivores may instead be responding to multiple, and sometimes non-overlapping, pressures associated with environmental change. We emphasise that absence of strong evidence does not imply absence of effect, and highlight the difficulties of drawing direct conclusions from heterogeneous observational monitoring data.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10531-026-03329-5.</p>","PeriodicalId":8843,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversity and Conservation","volume":"35 5","pages":"134"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13053585/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147637888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are we truly helping those in need: A comprehensive assessment of semen technologies in wild bird species.","authors":"Marcel Henrique Blank, Julia Roismann, Matheus Moraes Azevedo, Ricardo Jose Garcia Pereira","doi":"10.1007/s10531-026-03397-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10531-026-03397-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Semen technologies (STs) have been increasingly used in birds as a tool to overcome difficulties commonly faced by conservation breeding programs. Yet their application faces challenges not only related to avian physiology but also in terms of efficiency and welfare of the animals being handled. Significant advances have been made in some taxonomic groups in recent decades. Nevertheless, these approaches are not as widely disseminated as they are in mammals. Here, we compiled data from 178 scientific articles on STs to better understand the distribution of research among taxonomic groups and reproductive areas, the reasons for this arrangement, and discuss the future priorities for making these tools more effective within global bird conservation. Most available information refers exclusively to semen collection (42%, i.e., methods, parameters, etc.), while a small fraction of the literature describes the use of the complete cycle of STs (16%). These figures highlight that, despite decades of research, refinement in avian STs remains unbalanced with more emphasis on acquiring basic knowledge about semen/sperm than on integrative application of biotechnologies. We observed that STs have been applied to less than 2% of bird species, mostly targeting non-threatened species often chosen for their charisma, monetary value, or ease of maintenance in captivity. This survey provides insights for researchers, breeders, zoos, organizations and funding agencies worldwide to reflect on future paths and guidelines for the development of reproductive technologies in birds making them more useful in preserving species truly in need.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10531-026-03397-7.</p>","PeriodicalId":8843,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversity and Conservation","volume":"35 8","pages":"199"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13315471/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148359126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Logging intensity alters tree species composition and wood density, but not tree diversity, in lowland forests in Vietnam.","authors":"Suzanne M Stas, Ervan Rutishauser, Tue Van Ha, Tinh Cong Le, Hieu Dang Tran, Trai Trong Le, Benedict D Spracklen, Douglas Sheil, Marijke van Kuijk, Oliver L Phillips, Dominick V Spracklen","doi":"10.1007/s10531-026-03283-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10531-026-03283-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tropical forests host considerable biodiversity but face degradation from timber extraction (\"logging\"). We examined how logging intensity affected tree diversity, species composition, community wood density and availability of timber species in a lowland forest in north-central Vietnam. We measured and identified trees in 18 quarter-hectare plots that vary in historical logging intensity. Tree diversity showed no significant relationships with logging intensity. However, species composition differed, with each logging intensity class having distinct abundant tree species. Community wood density decreased significantly with logging intensity, being 9% lower in heavily than in lightly logged forests. Timber species were scarce overall, and individuals of harvestable size were most common in lightly logged forests. These results show that while tree diversity can persist after logging, heavy logging shifts community composition towards lighter-wood species and depletes valuable timber trees, reducing both carbon storage and timber potential. Reducing logging intensities is therefore critical for maintaining and increasing community wood density, carbon stocks and sustainable timber supplies in these forests in north-central Vietnam.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10531-026-03283-2.</p>","PeriodicalId":8843,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversity and Conservation","volume":"35 4","pages":"110"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12987793/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147466265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of sea level rise on the world's shorebirds.","authors":"Jennifer M T Magel, Scott Wilson, Tara G Martin","doi":"10.1007/s10531-026-03431-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10531-026-03431-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sea level rise (SLR) poses a significant threat to coastal ecosystems worldwide. Migratory shorebirds rely heavily on nearshore and intertidal ecosystems throughout the annual cycle and are currently undergoing global declines due to the loss of coastal habitat, suggesting that these species may be highly susceptible to future SLR. However, the effects of SLR on shorebird habitat-and, by extension, populations-remain poorly understood. Herein, we conduct the first systematic review of SLR impacts on the world's shorebirds. The effects of SLR across all stages of the annual cycle are expected to be predominantly negative, with 78% of habitat-level studies and 89% of population- and individual-level studies documenting overall negative impacts. Declines in suitable habitat with future SLR have been projected for several sites of international and hemispheric importance to shorebirds, and impacts on shorebird populations are generally more severe than would be projected through habitat loss alone. However, maintenance or expansion of nesting and foraging habitat appears possible in certain areas where inland movement of coastal wetlands is unimpeded by anthropogenic development. Despite an increased focus on the impacts of SLR on shorebirds over the past two decades, the number of studies remains relatively small (<i>n</i> = 37), and considerable knowledge gaps remain during the migratory period and throughout the Global South. Our findings highlight the threat of SLR to the world's shorebirds and underscore the urgency of research on feasible adaptation and mitigation options to avoid the loss of coastal wetlands and their associated biodiversity.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10531-026-03431-8.</p>","PeriodicalId":8843,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversity and Conservation","volume":"35 10","pages":"236"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13457410/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148711290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Between principles and practice: exploring transformative discourses in a Dutch National Park.","authors":"Susan de Koning, Pieter Zwaan, Ingrid J Visseren-Hamakers","doi":"10.1007/s10531-026-03374-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10531-026-03374-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transformative change is essential to halt the worldwide decline in biodiversity. Therefore, conservation efforts must extend beyond the traditional approach of protected areas to address the complex drivers of this decline. Landscape-oriented partnerships, such as partnership-based national parks, are emerging as potential instruments for this change. To be truly transformative, we assume that such partnerships must be underpinned by a shared discourse reflecting the principles of transformative governance. Drawing on transformative change and transformative governance theory combined with Q-methodology, we have developed an approach to examining the transformative elements of partnership discourses. We applied this approach to National Park Hollandse Duinen in the Netherlands, a partnership-based national park whose vision holds transformative potential. Our study incorporated seven exploratory interviews, twenty-eight Q-methodology interviews, a workshop and participant observation in eleven meetings. Our analysis revealed four distinct partnership discourses, each of which contained transformative elements. However, none of them were fully aligned with our transformative governance framework. This finding highlights that different ideas on transformative governance do not automatically align, and that endorsing one element does not guarantee support for others. Furthermore, partners perceived tensions between transformative governance principles and the realities of partnership practice, raising questions about the potential of such partnerships to contribute to transformative change.</p>","PeriodicalId":8843,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversity and Conservation","volume":"35 7","pages":"171"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13194217/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148013355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preserving biodiversity through culture: the role of sacred groves in medicinal plant conservation in Jungle Mahal, West Bengal, India","authors":"Nilanjana Das Chatterjee, Asima Senapati, Santanu Dinda","doi":"10.1007/s10531-025-03194-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-025-03194-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8843,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversity and Conservation","volume":"34 13","pages":"5031-5057"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147918189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An assessment of the implementation of the EU policy for conservation varieties from 2009 to 2023 and its relationship to Geographical Indications","authors":"Hristos Vakoufaris","doi":"10.1007/s10531-024-02930-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-024-02930-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Although the EU policy for conservation varieties has a history of more than a decade, there is little relevant academic literature. Geographical Indications (GIs) have an important role to play in preserving plant varieties. This paper assesses the implementation of the EU policy for conservation varieties from 2009 to 2023 and examines the relationship between conservation varieties and GIs. Data from the Common Catalogue of Varieties and the e-ambrosia database are used. According to the findings of the study, although the number of conservation varieties keeps increasing, it remains marginal when compared to the total number of varieties found in the Common Catalogue of Varieties. Different types of maintainers exist while the registration fee and the interpretation of the notion of region of origin differ among EU Member States. As far as GIs are concerned, few use conservation varieties as enforceable rules. However, as both GIs and conservation varieties increase in numbers their relationship will strengthen.</p>","PeriodicalId":8843,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversity and Conservation","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142265516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The iconic Jubaea chilensis teeters on the edge of local extinction: a plea for enhanced conservation policies","authors":"Juan F. Ovalle, Aníbal Pauchard, Rosa Scherson, James Aronson","doi":"10.1007/s10531-024-02929-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-024-02929-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>One of the few remaining extra-tropical palm species in the world, the <i>Jubaea chilensis</i>, is facing imminent collapse. This letter aims to urgently call upon the Chilean state to take immediate action on six key initiatives focused on enhancing the conservation of this endemic species and its natural habitats.</p>","PeriodicalId":8843,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversity and Conservation","volume":"127 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142191598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}