Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders最新文献

{"title":"Correction to: Living \"in the zone\": hyperfocus in adult ADHD.","authors":"Kathleen E Hupfeld,&nbsp;Tessa R Abagis,&nbsp;Priti Shah","doi":"10.1007/s12402-019-00296-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12402-019-00296-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Authors have noted one error in the online published article, which they wish to clarify. The version of the Hobby Hyperfocus (HF) subscale that we administered to participants was unintentionally missing one answer option (\"once a week\").</p>","PeriodicalId":88387,"journal":{"name":"Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders","volume":"11 2","pages":"209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12402-019-00296-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37035724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Individual differences in tendencies to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and emotionality: empirical evidence in young healthy adults from Germany and China.","authors":"Jennifer Wernicke,&nbsp;Mei Li,&nbsp;Peng Sha,&nbsp;Min Zhou,&nbsp;Cornelia Sindermann,&nbsp;Benjamin Becker,&nbsp;Keith M Kendrick,&nbsp;Christian Montag","doi":"10.1007/s12402-018-0266-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12402-018-0266-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity but also by negative emotionality. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether subclinical ADHD tendencies are associated with negative emotionality in healthy adult samples. The present study is of special interest since it investigated negative emotionality with a questionnaire anchored in Neuroscience Theory-the Affective Neuroscience Personality Scales (ANPS). Furthermore, through the investigation of samples in two countries, namely Germany and China, the study aims to replicate the results across different cultures. German (n = 377; age: M = 23.25, SD = 8.47; 117 males) and Chinese (n = 389; age: M = 20.74, SD = 2.47; 279 males) subjects completed ANPS (primary emotional traits) and ASRS (ADHD tendencies) questionnaires in an online survey. Principal component analysis of the ANPS revealed one factor for negative emotionality and one factor for positive emotionality. Partial correlations between ANPS and ASRS (controlled for age) were conducted separately for nation and gender. The same correlation patterns between ADHD tendencies and negative emotionality could be found in male and female German/Chinese participants (range r= .189 to r = .352). Higher negative emotionality was always significantly associated with more inattentive, hyperactive/impulsive, or combined tendencies. However, significant negative correlations between ADHD tendencies and positive emotionality could only be observed in Chinese males (range r = - .264 to r = - .296). The results are in line with former findings in children and show that also in healthy adults, associations between negative emotionality and ADHD tendencies are robustly visible. The results were independent of the cultural background, indicating a general association between ADHD tendencies and negative emotionality, even in healthy adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":88387,"journal":{"name":"Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders","volume":"11 2","pages":"167-182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12402-018-0266-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36573605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Internalized stigma, anticipated discrimination and perceived public stigma in adults with ADHD.","authors":"Theresa Vera Masuch,&nbsp;Myriam Bea,&nbsp;Barbara Alm,&nbsp;Peter Deibler,&nbsp;Esther Sobanski","doi":"10.1007/s12402-018-0274-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12402-018-0274-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this study is to assess internalized stigma, perceived public stigma, anticipated discrimination and their associations with demographic, psychiatric and psychosocial characteristics in adult ADHD. Stigmatization was assessed with the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale, the Questionnaire on Anticipated Discrimination and the Questionnaire on Public Stereotypes Perceived by Adults with ADHD. The sample comprised n = 104 adults with ADHD, of whom n = 24 (23.3%) reported high internalized stigma, n = 92 (88.5%) anticipated discrimination in daily life and n = 70 (69.3%) perceived public stigma. Internalized stigma and/or anticipated discrimination correlated with ADHD symptoms, psychological distress, self-esteem, functional impairment and quality of life and was associated with ADHD family history and employment status. Most frequently perceived stereotypes were doubts about the validity of ADHD as a mental disorder. Internalized stigma and anticipated discrimination are highly prevalent in adult ADHD and correlate with the burden of disease. ADHD is associated with characteristic public stereotypes, which are distinct from stereotypes related to other mental disorders. Stigmatization should be considered in the clinical management of adult ADHD and evaluated further in future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":88387,"journal":{"name":"Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders","volume":"11 2","pages":"211-220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12402-018-0274-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36601187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavioral adjustment to asymmetric reward availability among children with and without ADHD: effects of past and current reinforcement contingencies.","authors":"Emi Furukawa,&nbsp;Brent Alsop,&nbsp;Egas M Caparelli-Dáquer,&nbsp;Erasmo Barbante Casella,&nbsp;Raquel Quimas Molina da Costa,&nbsp;Priscila de Moura Queiroz,&nbsp;Paula Almeida Galvão,&nbsp;Lúcia Rios da Silva Benevides,&nbsp;Helena Pinheiro Jucá-Vasconcelos,&nbsp;Gail Tripp","doi":"10.1007/s12402-018-0265-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12402-018-0265-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Altered reinforcement sensitivity is hypothesized to underlie symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Here we evaluate the behavioral sensitivity of Brazilian children with and without ADHD to a change in reward availability. Forty typically developing children and 32 diagnosed with DSM-IV ADHD completed a signal-detection task in which correct discriminations between two stimuli were associated with different frequencies of reinforcement. The response alternative associated with the higher rate of reinforcement switched, without warning, after 30 rewards were delivered. The task continued until another 30 rewards were delivered. Both groups of children developed a response bias toward the initially more frequently reinforced alternative. This effect was larger in the control group. The response allocation of the two groups changed following the shift in reward availability. Over time the ADHD group developed a significant response bias toward the now more frequently reinforced alternative. In contrast, the bias of the control group stayed near zero after an initial decline following the contingency change. The overall shift in bias was similar for the two groups. The behavior of both groups of children was sensitive to the asymmetric reward distribution and to the change in reward availability. Subtle group differences in response patterns emerged, possibly reflecting differences in the time frame of reward effects and sensitivity to reward exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":88387,"journal":{"name":"Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders","volume":"11 2","pages":"149-158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12402-018-0265-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36470766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"7th World Congress on ADHD: From Child to Adult Disorder : 25th-28th April, Lisbon Portugal.","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s12402-019-00295-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12402-019-00295-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":88387,"journal":{"name":"Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders","volume":"11 Suppl 1","pages":"1-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12402-019-00295-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37114731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social-communicative and attention problems in infancy and toddlerhood as precursors of preschool autistic traits.","authors":"Esmé Möricke,&nbsp;Corina U Greven,&nbsp;Janne C Visser,&nbsp;Iris J Oosterling,&nbsp;Jan K Buitelaar,&nbsp;Nanda N J Rommelse","doi":"10.1007/s12402-018-00284-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12402-018-00284-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This longitudinal study focused on early behavioural problems and autistic traits. In a stratified, population-derived sample of 119 children, mothers reported through questionnaires on externalizing, internalizing, and social-communicative characteristics of their child in infancy (14 months) and toddlerhood (37 months), and on autistic traits at preschool age (4-5 years). Children with consistently normal behaviour from infancy to toddlerhood showed lower autistic traits at preschool age than children with deviant behaviour on one or both time points. High autistic traits at preschool age were predominantly preceded by problems in interaction, communication, language, play, and affect in infancy and/or toddlerhood, but also by inattention in toddlerhood. Adequate support and specific interventions in these domains are needed in an attempt to diminish further derailment of the child's behaviour and development, and to prevent the full manifestation of ASD or related disorders such as ADHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":88387,"journal":{"name":"Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders","volume":"11 1","pages":"113-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12402-018-00284-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37103660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of the circadian system in the etiology and pathophysiology of ADHD: time to redefine ADHD?","authors":"Denise Bijlenga,&nbsp;Madelon A Vollebregt,&nbsp;J J Sandra Kooij,&nbsp;Martijn Arns","doi":"10.1007/s12402-018-0271-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12402-018-0271-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is highly associated with the delayed sleep phase disorder, a circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorder, which is prevalent in 73-78% of children and adults with ADHD. Besides the delayed sleep phase disorder, various other sleep disorders accompany ADHD, both in children and in adults. ADHD is either the cause or the consequence of sleep disturbances, or they may have a shared etiological and genetic background. In this review, we present an overview of the current knowledge on the relationship between the circadian rhythm, sleep disorders, and ADHD. We also discuss the various pathways explaining the connection between ADHD symptoms and delayed sleep, ranging from genetics, behavioral aspects, daylight exposure, to the functioning of the eye. The treatment options discussed are focused on improvement of sleep quality, quantity, and phase-resetting, by means of improving sleep hygiene, chronotherapy, treatment of specific sleep disorders, and by strengthening certain neuronal networks involved in sleep, e.g., by sensorimotor rhythm neurofeedback. Ultimately, the main question is addressed: whether ADHD needs to be redefined. We propose a novel view on ADHD, where a part of the ADHD symptoms are the result of chronic sleep disorders, with most evidence for the delayed circadian rhythm as the underlying mechanism. This substantial subgroup should receive treatment of the sleep disorder in addition to ADHD symptom treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":88387,"journal":{"name":"Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders","volume":"11 1","pages":"5-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12402-018-0271-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37103266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Special edition on the occasion of Jan K. Buitelaar's 65th anniversary.","authors":"Barbara Franke,&nbsp;Tobias Banaschewski,&nbsp;Luis A Rohde,&nbsp;Manfred Gerlach","doi":"10.1007/s12402-019-00290-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12402-019-00290-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":88387,"journal":{"name":"Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders","volume":"11 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12402-019-00290-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36948163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ADHD: a hidden comorbidity in adult psychiatric patients.","authors":"István Bitter,&nbsp;Pavel Mohr,&nbsp;Lívia Balogh,&nbsp;Klára Látalová,&nbsp;Brigitta Kakuszi,&nbsp;Pavla Stopková,&nbsp;Daniela Zmeškalová-Jelenová,&nbsp;Attila Pulay,&nbsp;Pál Czobor","doi":"10.1007/s12402-019-00285-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12402-019-00285-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (aADHD) has recently been better recognized and treated in many European countries. In spite of this development, aADHD still features as a \"hidden\" comorbidity, often not diagnosed even in patients under psychiatric treatment for other psychiatric disorders. The aim of this study was to establish the prevalence rates of unrecognized aADHD in academic centers providing regular psychiatric services in the Czech Republic and Hungary. In a population of psychiatric in-and outpatients, Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale was administered. All positively and about half of the negatively screened subjects were clinically interviewed and the DSM diagnosis of ADHD was determined based on the symptom list and Conners' Adult ADHD Rating Scale. The estimated point prevalence rate of unrecognized comorbid aADHD among psychiatric in-and out patients was 6.99% (95% lower CI: 5.11, 95% upper CI 8.86) according to the DSM-IV-TR criteria and 9.27% (95% lower CI: 7.13, 95% upper CI 11.40) according to the DSM-5 criteria. Current suicide risk was significantly associated with the presence of undiagnosed aADHD; however, life time suicide attempts, depression, dysthymia, alcohol and substance dependence, anxiety and stress related disorders were not. Further educational efforts are needed to improve the recognition and treatment of aADHD in adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":88387,"journal":{"name":"Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders","volume":"11 1","pages":"83-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12402-019-00285-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37103657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reaction time variability and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: is increased reaction time variability specific to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder? Testing predictions from the default-mode interference hypothesis.","authors":"Giovanni A Salum,&nbsp;João R Sato,&nbsp;Arthur G Manfro,&nbsp;Pedro M Pan,&nbsp;Ary Gadelha,&nbsp;Maria C do Rosário,&nbsp;Guilherme V Polanczyk,&nbsp;Francisco X Castellanos,&nbsp;Edmund Sonuga-Barke,&nbsp;Luis A Rohde","doi":"10.1007/s12402-018-0257-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12402-018-0257-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Increased reaction time variability (RTV) is one of the most replicable behavioral correlates of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, this may not be specific to ADHD but a more general marker of psychopathology. Here we compare RT variability in individuals with ADHD and those with other childhood internalizing and externalizing conditions both in terms of standard (i.e., the standard deviation of reaction time) and alternative indices that capture low-frequency oscillatory patterns in RT variations over time thought to mark periodic lapses of attention in ADHD. A total of 667 participants (6-12 years old) were classified into non-overlapping diagnostic groups consisting of children with fear disorders (n = 91), distress disorders (n = 56), ADHD (n = 103), oppositional defiant or conduct disorder (ODD/CD; n = 40) and typically developing controls (TDC; n = 377). We used a simple two-choice reaction time task to measure reaction time. The strength of oscillations in RTs across the session was extracted using spectral analyses. Higher RTV was present in ADHD compared to all other disorder groups, effects that were equally strong across all frequency bands. Interestingly, we found that lower RTV to characterize ODD/CD relative to TDC, a finding that was more pronounced at lower frequencies. In general, our data support RTV as a specific marker of ADHD. RT variation across time in ADHD did not show periodicity in a specific frequency band, not supporting that ADHD RTV is the product of spontaneous periodic lapses of attention. Low-frequency oscillations may be particularly useful to differentiate ODD/CD from TDC.</p>","PeriodicalId":88387,"journal":{"name":"Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders","volume":"11 1","pages":"47-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12402-018-0257-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37103268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}