Avian Pathology最新文献

{"title":"First identification of concurrent infections with novel emerging duck astrovirus and duck hepatitis A virus type 3 (DHAV-3) in ducklings in Egypt using metagenomic next-generation sequencing (m-NGS).","authors":"Fouad S El-Mayet, Ibrahim Moharam, Ehab M El-Nahas, Ayman S El-Habbaa, Fares Z Najar, Erin Stayton, Eman M S El Nagar, Medhat Radi, Norhan W Khalil, Mohamed A Abaza","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2025.2581279","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03079457.2025.2581279","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Research highlights: </strong>First complete genome sequencing of a DHAV-3 strain from Egypt using m-NGS.Discovery of a novel duck astrovirus co-infecting with DHAV-3.Phylogenetic analysis reveals cross-border transmission links with Asian strains of both DHAV-3 and DAstV-5.</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"421-437"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145501944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and co-infection of infectious tumour viruses in chickens in Shandong Province, China.","authors":"Lin Jiang, Xinyuan Wang, Zhenyang Li, Yixin Wang, Kexin Jin, Zhaoyang Feng, Jie Xu, Jiamin Bian, Sidang Liu, Fanliang Meng, Jianzhu Liu","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2026.2662474","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03079457.2026.2662474","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Research highlights: </strong>The co-infection rate of infectious tumour disease in chickens is 37% in China.The incidence rate is the highest in Dezhou City.</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"524-537"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148197161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protection against HPAI-H5N8 early challenge in commercial broilers with maternal immunity: prime-boost vs. single vaccination of a trivalent H5-inactivated vaccine.","authors":"Wael M K Elfeil, Marwa Safwat, Mohamed A Abaza, Ahmed R Elbestawy, Eslam Arafa, Manal Afify, Magdy F Elkady, Walid H Kilany","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2025.2603919","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03079457.2025.2603919","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Research highlights: </strong>A phylogenetic study has proven vaccine genetic match with circulating H5N8 strains.Prime-boost vaccine regimen provided 100% survival in H5N8-challenged broilers.Enhanced immunity observed in prime-boost groups, with minimal viral shedding.Single-dose groups achieved 91.7% survival and showed higher viral shedding.</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"450-457"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145755143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistence of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in farms with chickens immunized with Massachusetts vaccines alone or combined with 793B serotype.","authors":"Ariel Eduardo Vagnozzi, Rocio Del Carmen Gerez Miranda, Valeria Olivera, Gustavo Asenzo, Daniela Cordara, Sebastián Di Giacomo, Cecilia Ferrufino, Eliza Pozzobon, Fernando Timo","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2026.2663952","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03079457.2026.2663952","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) remains a major challenge for poultry production due to its genetic diversity and rapid evolution under vaccination pressure. This study evaluated how changes in vaccination strategy affect IBV lineage dynamics in commercial broiler farms using a sentinel-bird model. Six farms were monitored over 2 consecutive years. During the first survey (Y1), broilers were vaccinated with a combination of Massachusetts (GI-1) and 793B (GI-13) strains, whereas during the second survey (Y2) vaccination was restricted to Massachusetts alone. Non-vaccinated sentinel birds placed within vaccinated flocks were sampled at different time-points for IBV detection, genotyping, and serology. Overall IBV detection reached 65%, with GI-1, GI-13, and GI-16 lineages identified. In Y2, after withdrawal of the 793B vaccine, a significant expansion of the field strain GI-16 was observed (<i>P</i> < 0.0001), with widespread distribution across farms, while GI-13 continued to circulate despite cessation of its use. GI-1 was primarily associated with respiratory tissues (<i>P</i> = 0.003), whereas GI-16 showed increased detection in lymphoid tissues and older birds. Mixed infections and elevated antibody titres indicated ongoing viral circulation. These findings indicate that changes in vaccination strategy are associated with alterations in IBV lineage distribution, highlighting the importance of aligning vaccination strategies with circulating field strains and supporting continuous molecular surveillance.</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"538-547"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147760823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of the first specific real-time PCR TaqMan assay for fowl adenovirus serotype 11 diagnosis.","authors":"Amina Kardoudi, Fellahi Siham, Allaoui Abdelmounaaim, Kichou Faouzi, Ouchhour Ikram, Charifa Drissi Touzani, Jackson Thomas, Benani Abdelouaheb","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2026.2642634","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03079457.2026.2642634","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Research highlights: </strong>Development of the first specific real-time PCR TaqMan assay for FAdV-11 detection, quantification, and genotyping in one reaction.Excellent linearity (R² = 0.995) and analytical sensitivity of 10 copies/µl.Specific amplification of FAdV-11 with no cross-reactivity with other FAdV serotypes or avian pathogens.Clinical validation on IBH field samples showed perfect concordance with sequencing results.</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"458-468"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147479927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative immunogenicity and cross-protection of wild-type and reverse genetics H5N8 (clade 2.3.4.4b) oil-adjuvanted vaccines against circulating H5N1 avian influenza viruses from clades 2.3.4.4b and 2.2.1.2.","authors":"Ahmed Mohamed Abdelaal, Sara H Mahmoud, Mohamed Refaat Shehata, Elsayed Tarek AbdElSalam, Noura M Abo Shama, Ahmed M Kandeil, Mahmoud Shehata, Mohamed A Ali, Ahmed A Khalil","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2026.2671739","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03079457.2026.2671739","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N8 viruses of clade 2.3.4.4b continue to cause devastating outbreaks worldwide, necessitating effective vaccination strategies. The comparative efficacy of wild-type versus reverse genetics (RG)-based vaccine platforms against emerging H5Nx variants remains poorly characterized, particularly regarding cross-protective immunity mechanisms. We conducted a comprehensive comparative analysis of wild-type and RG-based H5N8 (clade 2.3.4.4b) oil-adjuvanted vaccines in specific-pathogen-free chickens (<i>n</i> = 150, power analysis based on detecting two-fold titre differences with 80% power, <i>α</i> = 0.05). Following single-dose vaccination, we assessed humoral and cellular immune responses, protection against homologous H5N8 (clade 2.3.4.4b), antigenically drifted and heterologous challenges [H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b and H5N1 clade 2.2.1.2], and viral shedding dynamics using standardized assays. Both vaccines induced robust homologous antibody responses (HI titres: wild-type 7.2 ± 0.15 vs. RG 6.8 ± 0.13 log₂, <i>P</i> < 0.05) by 28 days post-vaccination. Challenge studies revealed 100% protection against homologous H5N8 (clade 2.3.4.4b) for both vaccines, while wild-type vaccine demonstrated superior heterologous protection against H5N1 (clade 2.2.1.2): 60% vs. 40% (<i>P</i> = 0.04). Viral load quantification showed >3.0 log₁₀ reduction in respiratory tissues, with strong correlation between HI titres and protection (<i>r</i> = 0.89, <i>P</i> < 0.001). Cellular immunity assessment revealed enhanced Th1-biased responses in wild-type vaccine recipients interferon-gamma/interleukin-4 (IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio: 1.61 vs. 1.49, <i>P</i> = 0.035), potentially explaining superior cross-protection. Wild-type H5N8 vaccines provided enhanced cross-protection compared to RG-based platforms while maintaining equivalent homologous efficacy. HI titres ≥4.5 log₂ represent a critical threshold for protection, with optimal protection achieved at ≥6.0 log₂. These findings establish evidence-based correlates of protection and inform rational vaccine selection strategies for H5N8 control programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"548-561"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148148209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathogenicity of FAdV-D serotype 2 in broiler and layer chicks.","authors":"Amr M Geneedy, Hatem S Abd El-Hamid, Hany F Ellakany, Ahmed R Elbestawy, Ahmed H Salaheldin, Ahmed E Noreldin, Ayman H Abd El-Aziz, Fares El-Khyate, Ahmed R Gado","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2025.2507023","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03079457.2025.2507023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Eighty, 1-day-old (DO) broiler chicks and 80 1-DO male layer chicks were experimentally infected with two isolates of fowl adenovirus D <b>(</b>FAdV-D) serotype 2 isolated from broiler chickens suffering inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) (accession numbers ON603311 and ON603320). Clinical observation was performed up to 28-DO, and samples from the liver, pancreas, kidneys, spleen, thymus, and bursa of Fabricius were collected for histopathological examination. Furthermore, FAdV-D viral shedding was tested up to 21DO. Serological response to IBH (FAdV-D) through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and blood biochemical analysis, as well as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing for some innate immune response parameters (interleukins and cytokines) to IBH were applied. Also, immune response of chicks to avian influenza and Newcastle disease vaccines was evaluated using the haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test. No mortality was observed following experimental infection of either broiler or layer chicks with FAdV-D serotype 2 isolates, despite the clearly evidenced histopathological damage in the liver, pancreas, kidneys, spleen, thymus, and bursa of Fabricius. Viral shedding extended to 21DO. Neither isolate could induce serological response, but both elevated the interleukins and cytokines. In conclusion, broilers were more susceptible to IBH-FAdV infection than layer chicks. FAdV-D serotype 2, which causes IBH, had an immunosuppressive effect on chickens.</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"392-404"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144324393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of a multi-clade inactivated recombinant vaccine against the circulating highly pathogenic influenza A/H5N1 of clade 2.3.4.4b in poultry.","authors":"Wael M Elfeil, Marwa Safwat, Ahmed Sedeek, Amany Adel, Heba Hassan, Mohamed A Zain El-Abideen, Ibrahim Ali, Islam Hisham, Abdelsatar Arafa, Abdullah Selim, Manal Afifi, Momtaz A Shaheen, Magdy F Elkady, Walid H Kilany","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2025.2582672","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03079457.2025.2582672","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Research highlights: </strong>Commercial inactivated vaccines improved the clinical picture of H5N1 in challenged birds.The developed vaccines induced protective antibody titres against HPAIV clade 2.3.4.4b within 4 weeks.The developed vaccines provided full protection against challenge by HPAIV clade 2.3.4.4b.The developed vaccines provided a significant reduction in virus shedding.</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"438-449"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145586075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Benzoic Acid and Oregano Essential Oil on Intestinal Histomorphology, Lesion Scores, and Tight Junction Gene Expression in Mixed <i>Eimeria</i>-Challenged Broiler Chickens.","authors":"Joycy Seiba Khukhodziinai, Pradip Kumar Das, Joydip Mukherjee, Dipak Banerjee, Rubayat Hussain, Ruma Jas, Samiran Mondal, Amlan Kumar Patra","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2026.2706104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03079457.2026.2706104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>ABSTRACT</b>The study evaluated the efficacy of dietary benzoic acid (BA) and oregano essential oil (OEO) as alternatives to a commercial coccidiostatic drug in broiler chickens challenged with <i>Eimeria</i> spp. A total of 252 one-day-old broiler chicks (Cobb-500™) were randomly assigned to six treatments, each with six replicates (<i>n</i> = 42 per treatment): (i) negative control (NC); (ii) positive control, coccidia-challenged and untreated (PC); (iii) supplemented with salinomycin at 60 mg/kg of feed and challenged (Sal); (iv) BA at 500 mg/kg of feed and challenged (BA); (v) OEO at 500 mg/kg of feed and challenged (OEO); and (vi) BA at 500 mg/kg plus OEO at 500 mg/kg of feed and challenged (B&O). The study demonstrated that supplementation with BA and OEO, either individually or in combination, improved intestinal villus morphology, particularly in the jejunum, and mitigated the adverse effects of <i>Eimeria</i> infection. The combined supplementation of BA and OEO reduced infectivity and faecal scores to levels comparable to those observed with salinomycin treatment. Moreover, the combined treatment ameliorated gut structural damage and restored growth performance to near that of the non-infected control group by 21 days post-infection (DPI). The study demonstrated that combined supplementation with benzoic acid (BA) and oregano essential oil (OEO) reduced <i>Eimeria</i> infectivity and improved faecal scores comparable to salinomycin, while enhancing intestinal integrity, and jejunal morphology. These effects, accompanied by increased expression of <i>Zonula occludens-</i>1 and <i>Claudin</i>-1, support the potential of BA and OEO as natural anticoccidial alternatives in broiler chickens.</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-40"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148547135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The virulence of two recent Dutch <i>Mycoplasma synoviae</i> field isolates in different broiler types and the association with ascites and hydropericardium as a new finding.","authors":"Anneke Feberwee, Hanneke Bataille, Remco Dijkman, Manon Holstege, Christiaan Ter Veen, Jeanine Wiegel, Naomi de Bruijn","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2026.2705430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03079457.2026.2705430","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>SummaryIn the present study, the virulence of two <i>Mycoplasma synoviae</i> (MS) field isolates was evaluated in specific pathogen-free (SPF) and modern-day commercial broilers. Both MS isolates belonged to Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) clonal complex (STCplx) 56, the most prevalent STCplx isolated from the respiratory tract of Dutch commercial poultry in the last two decades. Additionally in this study a well-defined histologic air sac lesion (ASL) score was combined with an <i>in situ</i> hybridization (ISH) test to further study the cellular reaction in the air sacs and tracheal tissue. Birds were challenged intratracheally with MS at 5 days of age. The synergistic effect of a mild infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) H120 vaccine given 5 days prior to MS challenge was also evaluated in the commercial broilers. The clinical impact of the MS strains was comparable to earlier studies with older isolates, as were the synergistic effects of IBV. The present study demonstrated a difference in effect on growth, macroscopic air sac lesions (m ASL) and histologic (h)ASL between the two broiler types. A relevant new finding with economic impact for the poultry industry was that ascites was observed related to both isolates, however the mechanisms underlying MS-associated ascites requires further investigation. The hASL, combined with the MS ISH assay, revealed differences in cellular reaction in the air sacs compared to the trachea, explaining the lower MS detection rate in the air sacs in the chronic phase of MS infection. This also emphasizes the risk of misdiagnosing MS-related airsacculitis in broilers.</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-30"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148468433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}