Behavioral and neural biology最新文献_第8页

Accelerating behavioral recovery after cortical lesions 加速皮层损伤后的行为恢复

Behavioral and neural biology Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0163-1047(05)80046-9

M.L. Escobar , R.W. Russell , R.A. Booth , F. Bermúdez-Rattoni

{"title":"Accelerating behavioral recovery after cortical lesions","authors":"M.L. Escobar , R.W. Russell , R.A. Booth , F. Bermúdez-Rattoni","doi":"10.1016/S0163-1047(05)80046-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0163-1047(05)80046-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We recently demonstrated that fetal brain implants produced a significant recovery in the ability of insular cortex (IC)-lesioned rats to learn a conditioned taste aversion (CTA). We now report effects on the recovery of CTA and of a second measure of learning, inhibitory avoidance (IA), of supplementing the implants with nerve growth factor (NGF). Four groups of male Sprague-Dawley animals showing disrupted taste aversion following IC lesions, plus two control groups, received different experimental treatments: Group 1, unlesioned control; Group 2, homotopic IC implants without NGF; Groups 3 and 4, IC implants + NGF; Group 5, heterotopic occipital cortical implants + NGF; and Group 6, without an implant as a lesioned control. All groups except Group 4 were trained pre- and postimplant in the CTA paradigm. Two days after CTA testing postimplant, all groups received IA training. Behavioral results showed that insular cortex implants with NGF promoted recovery to control levels of the ability to learn both tasks at 15 days postimplant. Those animals that received occipital implants with NGF or insular cortex with vehicle or remained without implants did not show any significant behavioral recovery at 15 days postimplant. These findings suggest that NGF associated with homotopic implants facilitates recovery of learning abilities in insular cortex-lesioned rats and suggest that similar treatments with NTFs may have analogous effects when lesions involve other brain areas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8732,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and neural biology","volume":"61 1","pages":"Pages 73-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0163-1047(05)80046-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19121227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Acquisition of classically conditioned eyeblink response following bilateral lesions of flocculus and paraflocculus 小叶和小叶旁双侧病变后经典条件眨眼反应的获得

Behavioral and neural biology Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0163-1047(05)80050-0

Christine G. Logan, David G. Lavond, Johnny T.K. Wong, Richard F. Thompson

引用次数: 5

Neurobiology of associative learning in the neonate: Early olfactory learning 新生儿联想学习的神经生物学:早期嗅觉学习

Behavioral and neural biology Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0163-1047(05)80039-1

Donald A. Wilson, Regina M. Sullivan

{"title":"Neurobiology of associative learning in the neonate: Early olfactory learning","authors":"Donald A. Wilson, Regina M. Sullivan","doi":"10.1016/S0163-1047(05)80039-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0163-1047(05)80039-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mammalian neonates have been simultaneously described as having particularly poor memory, as evidenced by infantile amnesia, and as being particularly excellent learners with unusually plastic nervous systems that are easily influenced by experience. An understanding of the neurobiological constraints and mechanisms of early learning may contribute to a unified explanation of these two disparate views. Toward that end, we review here our work on the neurobiology of learning and memory in neonates. Specifically, we have examined the neurobiology of early learning using an olfactory classical conditioning paradigm. Olfactory classical conditioning in neonates at the behavioral level conforms well with the requirements and outcomes of classical conditioning described in adults. Furthermore, specific neural correlates of this behavioral conditioning have been described including anatomical and physiological changes, neural pathways, and modulatory systems. In this Review, we outline the behavioral paradigm, the identified neural Finally, we compare the neurobiology of early learning with that reported for mature animals, with specific reference to the role of US-CS convergence, memory modulation, consolidation, and distributed memory.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8732,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and neural biology","volume":"61 1","pages":"Pages 1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0163-1047(05)80039-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18904472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 211

Accelerating behavioral recovery after cortical lesions 加速皮层损伤后的行为恢复

Behavioral and neural biology Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0163-1047(05)80047-0

R.W. Russell , M.L. Escobar , R.A. Booth , F. Bermúdez-Rattoni

{"title":"Accelerating behavioral recovery after cortical lesions","authors":"R.W. Russell , M.L. Escobar , R.A. Booth , F. Bermúdez-Rattoni","doi":"10.1016/S0163-1047(05)80047-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0163-1047(05)80047-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We recently demonstrated that insular cortex (IC) fetal implants supplemented by nerve growth factor (NGF) can accelerate the recovery of behavioral deficits induced by IC brain lesions. In the present report we describe results on in vivo assays of acetylcholine (ACh) turnover in the IC of rats subjected to the same brain lesion and implant treatments used in that research and for which detailed behavioral data are available. The neurochemical assays were carried out immediately after completion of the behavioral measurements. The assays showed that implants or NGF with heterotopic tissue continued to be associated with elevated levels of ACh and with deficits in learning and memory at a time postlesion when both behavior and ACh turnover in vivo, after treatment with homotopic implants and NGF combined, were at nonlesioned control levels. The results support the concept that, in vivo, the cholinergic neurotransmitter system is intimately involved in recovery from IC lesion-induced deficits in behavior and show that a combination of homotopic implant and NGF may be used as a means of manipulating that system to accelerate the repair of such deficits. Mechanisms by which this combination produces its effects are considered and the possibility is suggested that other neurotrophic factors (NTF) may also be useful when other types of brain lesions are involved.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8732,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and neural biology","volume":"61 1","pages":"Pages 81-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0163-1047(05)80047-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19121228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 18

Failure to find pregnancy effects on cortical thickness 未发现妊娠对皮质厚度的影响

Behavioral and neural biology Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0163-1047(05)80049-4

Janice M. Juraska, Silvia N.M. Reid

引用次数: 2

Differential effects of protein kinase inhibitors and activators on memory formation in the 2-day-old chick 蛋白激酶抑制剂和激活剂对2日龄雏鸡记忆形成的不同影响

Behavioral and neural biology Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0163-1047(05)80045-7

Peter A. Serrano, Duncan S. Beniston, Myra G. Oxonian, Ward A. Rodriguez, Mark R. Rosenzweig, Edward L. Bennett

引用次数: 55

Alteration of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) in young female Djungarian hamsters (Phodopus campbelli) exposed to adult males 与成年雄性接触的年轻雌性保加利亚仓鼠(Phodopus campbelli)终纹床核(BNST)的变化

Behavioral and neural biology Pub Date : 1993-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0163-1047(93)90485-Z

David S. Reasner, Robert E. Johnston, Timothy J. Devoogd

{"title":"Alteration of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) in young female Djungarian hamsters (Phodopus campbelli) exposed to adult males","authors":"David S. Reasner, Robert E. Johnston, Timothy J. Devoogd","doi":"10.1016/0163-1047(93)90485-Z","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0163-1047(93)90485-Z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Central components of the vomeronasal system appear to mediate extrahypothalamic control of gonadotropin release during male-induced acceleration of puberty onset in female rodents. In order to describe the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) and to determine whether this component of the vomeronasal system is altered following early puberty onset, the anterior BNST of female Djungarian hamsters (<em>Phodopus campbelli</em>) was subdivided into three regions: medial, lateral, and ventral. The cross-sectional area, soma size, and neuronal density of each subdivision was compared among female hamsters in three groups: (1) young females showing accelerated reproductive development following a period of housing with an adult male, (2) young females matched by age with the accelerated females but housed alone during the same period, and (3) older females at the age of spontaneous puberty. Females housed with an adult male and undergoing accelerated puberty onset had significantly smaller lateral anterior BNST subdivisions than females housed alone for the same period (10 days following weaning) or housed alone until the age of spontaneous puberty onset (25 days following weaning). The size of the ventral and medial subdivisions was not different in the three groups. Furthermore, although soma size and neuronal density differed markedly among the anterior BNST subdivisions, these subdivision characteristics were similar in the accelerated, prepubertal, and older pubertal females. Our finding demonstrates that a central component of the vomeronasal system undergoes neuroanatomical alteration in response to environmental stimuli and recommends further examination of the BNST during this dynamic ontogenetic period.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8732,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and neural biology","volume":"60 3","pages":"Pages 251-258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0163-1047(93)90485-Z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19284190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Impaired short-term memory resulting from postnatal undernutrition is attenuated by physostigmine 由出生后营养不良引起的短期记忆受损可被芥子碱减弱

Behavioral and neural biology Pub Date : 1993-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0163-1047(93)90580-B

Carl Andrew Castro, Jerry W. Rudy

{"title":"Impaired short-term memory resulting from postnatal undernutrition is attenuated by physostigmine","authors":"Carl Andrew Castro, Jerry W. Rudy","doi":"10.1016/0163-1047(93)90580-B","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0163-1047(93)90580-B","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Early-life undernutrition impairs the short-term memory capacity of adult rats (90 days of age) trained on a conditional—spatial discrimination task (Castro, Tracy, & Rudy, <em>Behavioral Brain Research</em>, <strong>32</strong>, 255–264, 1989). While well-nourished control animals perform above 90% correct when the interval separating the forced run and choice run is 180 s, the performance of the undernourished animals falls to chance (50%) when the delay interval is increased to 90 s. We now report that this performance decrement can be attenuated by the administration of the anticholinesterase, physostigmine. However, the effects of physostigmine were dose dependent. While 0.02 mg/kg of physostigmine improved the performance of the undernourished animals so that they performed significantly above chance at the 180-s delay interval, neither 0.2 nor 0.002 mg/kg of physostigmine improved performance. We concluded that this effect was centrally mediated since scopolamine hydrobromide (1.0 mg/kg) which blocks both central and peripheral cholinergic receptors blocked physostigmine's performance-improving effect, while methyl-scopolamine (1.0 mg/kg) which blocks only peripheral receptors did not. These are the first results which suggest that the short-term memory impairments produced by early-life undernutrition can be attenuated by enhancing central cholinergic functioning.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8732,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and neural biology","volume":"60 3","pages":"Pages 282-285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0163-1047(93)90580-B","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19284843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Facilitation of social learning by treatment with an NMDA receptor antagonist NMDA受体拮抗剂对社会学习的促进作用

Behavioral and neural biology Pub Date : 1993-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0163-1047(93)90409-B

Renate Lederer, Elisabeth Radeke, Cesare Mondadori

引用次数: 18

Evoked ink release in Aplysia produces inhibition of the siphon withdrawal reflex in neighboring conspecifics 诱发墨水释放在澳大利亚产生抑制虹吸撤回反射在邻近的同种

Behavioral and neural biology Pub Date : 1993-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0163-1047(93)90352-I

Mark Stopfer, Xinghai Chen , Thomas J. Carew

{"title":"Evoked ink release in Aplysia produces inhibition of the siphon withdrawal reflex in neighboring conspecifics","authors":"Mark Stopfer, Xinghai Chen , Thomas J. Carew","doi":"10.1016/0163-1047(93)90352-I","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0163-1047(93)90352-I","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Aplysia californica</em> exhibit a dramatic defensive reaction, the release of a cloud of dark purple ink, in response to noxious stimuli. Although the neural control of this behavior has been studied rather extensively, the functional significance of the inking response is not well understood. We have found that ink released by animals that are subjected to noxious stimuli rapidly induces inhibition of the tail-elicited siphon withdrawal reflex in neighboring <em>Aplysia</em>. Further experiments indicated that the inhibitor is the ink itself, and not some other substance released by the donor animals. Finally, we examined whether ink-induced inhibition of siphon withdrawal might be a secondary consequence of an elevated competing response such as increased locomotion. We found that locomotion is not affected by the concentrations of ink we employed, indicating that the ink probably modulates the withdrawal reflex directly. Because the neural circuits responsible for both tail-elicited siphon withdrawal and the inking response have already been partly delineated, one can now bring the neurobiological advantages of <em>Aplysia</em> to bear on the ethologically important issue of signaling between conspecifics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8732,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and neural biology","volume":"60 3","pages":"Pages 196-204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0163-1047(93)90352-I","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19284184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8