Journal of pregnancy and child health最新文献

{"title":"Low Birth Weight and Prematurity in Teenage Mothers in Rural Areas of Burkina Faso","authors":"Biébo Bihoun, S. H. Zango, M. Traoré-Coulibaly, T. Rouamba, Daniel Zemba, M. Tahita, Sibiri Yarga, B. Kabore, P. Lompo, I. Valéa, S. Samadoulougou, R. Ravinetto, Jean-Pierre Van-Geertruyden, U. d’Alessandro, H. Tinto, A. Robert","doi":"10.4172/2376-127X.1000344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-127X.1000344","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Adolescence is associated with adverse fetal outcome, particularly in resources limited settings. We assessed the association between mother’s age and low birth weight or prematurity in Nanoro, a rural health district of Burkina Faso. Methods: We collected data on mothers and their newborns in the framework of the “Safe and Efficacious Artemisinin-based Combination Treatments for African Pregnant Women with Malaria” clinical trial. Low birth weight or prematurity was defined as adverse fetal outcome. Logistic regression was used to compare its occurrence in teenagers and in women aged ≥ 20 years. Results: From June 2010 to November 2013, 870 pregnant women enrolled in the PREGACT study were treated for a Plasmodium falciparum infection and followed up until delivery. Of the 823 women with singleton live-borns, 205 (24.9%) were teenagers of whom 44 (5.3%) were minors (15-17 years). Up to 91.7% of adolescents presented with anemia at entry. The incidence of adverse fetal outcome in teenagers was 39.8%, increasing to 50.0% in minors. Anemic adolescents were significantly at higher risk of delivering low birth weight or preterm babies compared to their older counterparts. In multivariate analysis, teenagers with both anemia and fever presented the highest and significant odds ratios of adverse fetal outcome, whatever was their BMI: Teenagers with anemia, fever and high BMI at entry, AOR=3.46, 95% CI: (1.40, 8.58), teenagers with anemia, fever and low BMI at entry, AOR=2.86, 95% CI: (1.14, 7.13). Conclusion: Teenager’s pregnancy is associated with adverse fetal outcome in the rural health district of Nanoro, mainly when teenagers experiment anemia and fever. In low resources setting, multidisciplinary approach including education and setting up favorable socio-economic environment are needed to prevent early motherhood.","PeriodicalId":87313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pregnancy and child health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44374398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Congenital Syphilis: The Profile Analysis among Postpartum Women in Brazil","authors":"A. Silva, Lorena Oliveira, Rosana Patricia Silva Santana, F. Miranda, M. Brito","doi":"10.4172/2376-127X.1000343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-127X.1000343","url":null,"abstract":"Congenital Syphilis (SC) is an infection with serious consequences that increased in recent decades in Brazil. Aim: To analyze the socio-demographic and obstetrics profiles among women with new-born babies diagnosed with congenital syphilis in a maternity hospital in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Method: A case-control study, exploratory, using a quantitative approach. Twenty-seven women after delivery were interviewed during the period from July to September 2015. Results: Of the 27 women, 70% are between 19 and 35 years of age, 67% had between 9-12 years of study, were housewives (74%), 70% reported brown colour, were single (56%), 78% reported two or more previous pregnancies, 93% had had appointment at prenatal care program in their current pregnancy, more than 52% attended 4 follow-up, 56% started this follow up in the second quarter, 78% had vaginal delivery, were 59% diagnosed with syphilis during the prenatal care, 68% received treatment, 85% have partners not treated. Conclusion: Most women whose new-borns were diagnosed with congenital syphilis had been at a prenatal care program, when she was diagnosed and treated. However, the majority of their partners did not treat. Faced with the failure of treatment of syphilis during pregnancy, more effective actions are needed to improve the quality of prenatal care, in order to prevent congenital syphilis.","PeriodicalId":87313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pregnancy and child health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42310206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pregnant Women with Epilepsy: Management Issues","authors":"B. Priya, Nilanchali Singh","doi":"10.4172/2376-127X.1000342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-127X.1000342","url":null,"abstract":"Epilepsy is one of the common neurological disorders complicating pregnancy with a prevalence of 0.5-1%. Epilepsy seizures are characterized by paroxysmal cerebral dysrhythmias. Epilepsy in pregnancy (EIP) is challenging to both obstetricians and to neurologist. Pregnancy alters the natural history of epilepsy and seizure episodes are likely to worse. Obstetricians also face challenges of increased risk of teratogenicity while women on anti epilepsy drugs (AED). Epilepsy in pregnancy in Indian scenario also has both social and gender related issues. This review has been designed to address the management of women with epilepsy (WWE). Also, there will be particular stress on the recommendation regarding issues of pregnancy including antenatal and intrapartum care, preconceptional counselling and information regarding teratogenicity of AED and drug monitoring and its optimization.","PeriodicalId":87313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pregnancy and child health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46387809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perinatal Mortality and Umbilical Cord Parameters: Is there Any Association?","authors":"Vijaya Soliriya, M. Goyal, Cp Kachhawaha","doi":"10.4172/2376-127X.1000340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-127X.1000340","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Abnormal cord parameters associate with high rate of asphyxia during delivery, foetal anomalies, non-reassuring foetal status, respiratory distress, foetal growth restriction and delivery interventions. Objective: To study the correlation between umbilical cord parameters and perinatal mortality. Materials and methods: This was a prospective study carried out in the Umaid Hospital, Dr. S N Medical College, Jodhpur from March-2014 to November-2014. It included 500 cases admitted to labour room with period of gestation >37 weeks. Details of delivery of baby including mode of delivery, Apgar score, NICU admission and any congenital anomaly found in unbooked cases post-natally was noted down. Umbilical cord parameters were also noted and correlated with perinatal outcome using Fischer’s exact test and Chi square test. Results: Out of 500 cases, the cord length was normal in 88.2% cases while it was short in 6.2% and long in 5.6% cases. True knots were associated with a higher mean cord length of 95.83 ± 24.99 cm. The difference of mean cord length between single loop and more than two loops was highly significant (p value<0.001). Cesarean section rate was found to be significantly different between one loop and more than two loops (p<0.001). Conclusion: The excessively long cords are associated with cord prolapse, true knot and poor fetal outcome and increased operative interference. Short cords are associated with failed progress, cord rupture and congenital malformations. Nuchal cords are responsible for threatening fetal well being along with other placental as well as intrapartum factors for poor fetal outcome.","PeriodicalId":87313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pregnancy and child health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48457909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fetus is Mature after 32 Weeks of Pregnancy","authors":"K. Maeda, M. Serizawa, M. Utsu","doi":"10.4172/2376-127X.1000339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-127X.1000339","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Fetal maturity was estimated by various methods in 164 monochorionic diamniotic (MD) twins. Methods: Twin-to-tin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) was prevented by intensive maternal rest and tocolysis until Fetal adrenal cortex maturity, which was estimated in the initiation mechanism of uterine contraction, gray level histogram width (GLHW) of fetal lung and liver ratio multiplied by gestational weeks was used to estimate fetal lung maturity. Results and discussion: Fetal adreno-cortical steroid, reacted stresses after maturation, which caused Braxton- Hicks uterine contraction after 30 gestational weeks, where ultrasonic cardio-thprax ratio enlarged to 0.4 or more, then the MD twins received Caesarean delivery to prevent TTTS in 32 ± 2.2 gestational weeks where coefficient of variation (CV) of weeks was as small as 7%. Thus, fetal maturity was estimated to be 32 gestational weeks. As GLHW ratio of fetal lung and liver multiplied by gestational weeks was >29 in mature fetal lung, the index was 31 in 32 gestational weeks, and no problem was found in the iMD twins born in 32 ± 2.2 gestational weeks. Conclusion: Human fetus is mature in 32 gestational weeks.","PeriodicalId":87313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pregnancy and child health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45167822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arteriovenous Uterine Malformation: A Complicated Case in Pregnancy","authors":"Cavaliere Anna Franca, Buongiorno Silvia, Vidiri Annalisa, G. Lorenzo, Rosa Paolo, S. Giovanni","doi":"10.4172/2376-127X.1000338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-127X.1000338","url":null,"abstract":"Arteriovenous uterine malformation (UAVM) is a rare congenital or acquired condition. This case report regards a pregnant patient of 37-year-old, gravida 2 para 0, suffering from AVM diagnosed 4 years before without any further embolization treatment; at 8 weeks of gestation, 2D-3D US examination confirmed severe AVM and detected a twin pregnancy: an embryo with normal cardiac activity in one sac and a blighted ovum. At 12 weeks of gestation, we also diagnosed additional fetal anomalies.","PeriodicalId":87313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pregnancy and child health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41995007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Anemia among Pregnant Women inRural Part of JigJiga City, Eastern Ethiopia: A Cross Sectional Study","authors":"S. Bereka, Adunga Negussie Gudeta, M. Reta, Lemessa Assefa Ayana","doi":"10.4172/2376-127X.1000337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-127X.1000337","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Anemia prevalence varies by place of residence ‒ a higher proportion of women in rural areas are anemic as compared to those in urban areas. The main objective of this study was to identify and analysis the prevalence and associated risk factors of anemia among pregnant women in rural part of Jigjiga city, eastern Ethiopia. Method: Among 417 pregnant women, a cross-sectional study was done from August to December 2015. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data related to socio-demographic characteristics, medical, obstetric and dietary practices. Haemoglobin levels of pregnant women were determined by applying HemoCue photometer. Statistical analysis was conducted with SPSS-version 21. Result: Of the total respondent 63.8% were anemic. The multiple logistics regression analysis showed that gravidity (AOR=2.07; 95% CI: 1.30-2.91); mother’s age (AOR=2.4; 95% CI: 0.01-4.06); family size (AOR=2.12; 95% CI: 1.11-3.31); third trimester (AOR=2.1; 95% CI: 1.07-5.04); iron supplementation (AOR=1.30; 95% CI=1.01-4.01); mid-upper arm circumference of less than 23 (AOR=0.57; 95% CI: 0.20-0.89) and body mass index (AOR=2.03; 95% CI: 2.00-3.81) were significant predictors associated with anemia among pregnant women. Conclusion: Based on World Health Organization (WHO) in the study area anemia was a major public health problem (prevalence greater than 40%). Hence, we recommended that nutritional education and also education about risk factors of anemia should be done.","PeriodicalId":87313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pregnancy and child health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49221013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Urinary Uric Acid and Creatinine Ratio as a Marker of PerinatalAsphyxia and Its Correlation with Different Stages of Hypoxic IschemicEncephalopathy","authors":"Lokesh Choudhary, Subhash Palsania, Pk Berwal, Chhavi Sauparna, Ankita Maheshwari","doi":"10.4172/2376-127X.1000336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-127X.1000336","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Birth asphyxia is one of the leading causes of neonatal mortality in India. Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is the neurological manifestation of systemic hypoxia in new-born. 20-25% of asphyxiated babies who exhibit severe HIE, die during the new-born period. The most commonly used diagnostic and prognostic index to evaluate asphyxia in neonates is APGAR score but alone it is not useful to ferret out neurological outcome. Now-a-days uses of biomarkers enable the clinicians to screen infants for brain injury. We conducted this study to evaluate the role of UUA (urinary uric acid)/Cr (creatinine), which is an early biomarker, in diagnosing and predicting the outcome in perinatal asphyxia. Aim: To determine the values of UUA/Cr in new-borns with perinatal asphyxia and its relation with different stages of HIE. Methods: Spot urine samples were collected from the 100 asphyxiated and 100 healthy neonates within 6-24 h of life for determining uric acid and creatinine by auto analyses. Results: The value of UUA/Cr were statistically significantly higher in the asphyxiated (case) compared with the control group. UUA/Cr ratios were significantly higher in infants with severe HIE (3.61 ± 0.61) when compared with infants with Powered by Editorial Manager® and ProduXion Manager® from Aries Systems Corporation moderate HIE (2.95 ± 0.98: P<0.01) and those with mild HIE (2.64 ± 0.25: P<0.001). Conclusion: UUA/Cr concentration increase considerably after birth asphyxia and is non-invasive, sensitive, early and cost effective method for assessment of asphyxia and its outcome.","PeriodicalId":87313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pregnancy and child health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2376-127X.1000336","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47420353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obstetric and Perinatal Adverse Outcomes of Mild Gestational Hyperglycemia: A Concise Review","authors":"N. Sancho-Rodríguez, Martínez-Gascón Le, L. GarcíadeGuadianaRomualdo, J. Martínez-Uriarte, F. Rodríguez-Mulero, Albaladejo-Otón","doi":"10.4172/2376-127X.1000329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-127X.1000329","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus defined as glucose intolerance with onset during pregnancy, is a common disease affecting approximately 7-13% of pregnant women, depending on the study area. Maternal hyperglycaemia, which is below the diagnostic criteria for GDM, is associated with an increased risk of various adverse maternal and infant outcomes, such as caesarean delivery, preeclampsia, birth injury, macrosomia and neonatal hypoglycemia. Fortunately, several clinicians have reported that managing GDM and hyperglycemia that is below the diagnostic criteria for GDM improves maternal and infant outcomes. There is very little information on obstetrics outcomes of pregnant women with positive Glucose Challenge Test but negative for Oral Glucose Tolerance Test. This paper aims to provide information on possible obstetric and perinatal complications of pregnant women with a glucose challenge test positive and a negative or one abnormal value in oral glucose tolerance test. Methods: A literature search was performed in order to identify publications. The latest prospective and casecontrol studies with multivariate Cox models were analysed, as well as some recent meta-analysis, which were considered for the study. Results and conclusion: The findings shown in this review suggest that mild hyperglycaemia associated to pregnancy is mainly related to maternal and perinatal adverse outcomes as macrosomia, gestational hypertensive disorders, polyhydramnios and neonatal hypoglycaemia. Management of pregnant women with glucose intolerance could prevent obstetric and perinatal complications as in the treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus.","PeriodicalId":87313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pregnancy and child health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47090358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization of Immediate Post-Partum Intra Uterine Contraceptive Device andAssociated Factors: A Facility based Cross Sectional Study among MothersDelivered at Public Health Facilities of Sidama Zone, South Ethiopia","authors":"Lidetu Bezabih Tefera, M. Abera, Chaltu Fikru, D. Tesfaye","doi":"10.4172/2376-127X.1000326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-127X.1000326","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Insertion of an Intra Uterine device (IUD) immediately after delivery have a proven record of very high effectiveness, protection against unintended pregnancy, cost effectiveness, suitability and high user satisfaction. Despite these benefits, information on Post-Partum Intra Uterine device (PPIUD) acceptance and utilization was limited in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess postpartum intra uterine contraceptive device utilization and its associated factors among mothers delivered in selected facilities found in South Ethiopia. Methods: A facility based cross-sectional study was conducted in two health facilities providing PPIUD insertion service (Yirgalem hospital and Bursa health center). Data were collected using structured questionnaire among 310 selected women. Frequency tables and graphs were used to describe the study variables. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis methods were used to identify factors associated with postpartum intrauterine device use. Variables with P-value of <0.05 with 95% CI were used to declare statistical significance. Results: Postpartum intra uterine contraceptive device use within 48 h of delivery was 21.6% while 38% of the respondents were interested in using PPIUD. Only 22.8% of participant mothers were counselled during ANC, labor and postpartum period. Mother who do not have a plan to have another child [AOR=2.36, 95% CI, (1.25, 4.47)], undecided plan to have another child [AOR=0.17, 95% CI, (0.05, 0.58)], mothers who did not heard [AOR=0.41, 95% CI: 0.41 (0.20, 0.83)] and not counselled about PPIUD [AOR=0.17, 95% CI: 0.17 (0.06, 0.52)] were associated with PPIUD utilization. Conclusion: Despite more than one-third of participants were accepted PPIUD, the actual utilization was low. Most mothers were not counselled during the important contact points through the whole cascade of pregnancy. Program managers need to develop strategies to raise pregnant mother awareness on PPIUCD through media sources. This study also highlights, the need to improve and integrate standard PPIUD counselling scheme during FANC, labor and postpartum period.","PeriodicalId":87313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pregnancy and child health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2376-127X.1000326","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43500771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}