Journal of pregnancy and child health最新文献

{"title":"Calling for Better Maternal Care Requires a Call for More Training","authors":"","doi":"10.29011/jpch-124.100024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/jpch-124.100024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":87313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pregnancy and child health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141128602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardio-Renal & Neurologic Complications of Preeclampsia: Current Concepts & Clinical Implications","authors":"","doi":"10.29011/jpch-122.100022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/jpch-122.100022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":87313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pregnancy and child health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140414317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endothelial Nitric Oxide synthase (eNOS) in Preeclampsia: An Update.","authors":"Rebecca Ssengonzi, Yuye Wang, Nobuyo Maeda-Smithies, Feng Li","doi":"10.29011/jpch-121.100021","DOIUrl":"10.29011/jpch-121.100021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Preeclampsia (PE) is a common pregnancy-related hypertensive disorder and is a leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The incidence of PE and its associated health care costs have been increasing in the United States over the past three decades. Pregnancies complicated by PE put both the mother and child at increased risk for chronic illnesses such as cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, and cognitive impairment later in life. To date, there is no effective treatment for PE and the etiology of PE is largely unknown. While human epidemiological studies have established an association between various genetic factors and PE, a causative link between genes associated with PE and PE development has been difficult to establish. Human studies have shown that variants in eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase, also known as NOS3) gene are associated with PE, and animal experimental studies have provided evidence to show the potential functional connection between the eNOS gene and PE. Here we review several studies that investigated the role of eNOS in PE, as well as studies that described how manipulating the eNOS/NO pathway could aid in disease intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":87313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pregnancy and child health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10929736/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140112421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-Medication During First Trimester among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care Clinic at a District Hospital in Mwanza, North-western Tanzania","authors":"Deogratias Katabalo, Debora N Robert, Stanley Mwita, Winfrida, V. Minja, Shadya Abbas, K. Marwa","doi":"10.29011/jpch-119.100019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/jpch-119.100019","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Self-medication with conventional and/or herbal medicines is an important public health concern, especially to a delicate group of pregnant women due to its harmful and potential risks to mother and foetus. Awareness to its detrimental effects is influenced by social demographic factors and is highly related to its practice. This study determined the general knowledge, practice and common factors for self-medication among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at Sengerema designated district hospital. Method: A hospital based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using a semi structured questionnaire in which a sample of 381 pregnant women on their first trimester of pregnancy was enrolled through convenient sampling. Data were analysed using STATA version 13 (TX: StataCorp LLC). Continuous variables were presented as frequencies, percentages and proportions while categorical variables were presented in charts, graphs and figures. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the factors associated with self medications. Results: The overall proportion of self-medication practice was found to be 289(75.9%) whereby 146(38.3%) and 143(37.5%) did self-medication with conventional and herbal medicines respectively. Prior experience with the medicine and better knowledge on disease and treatment were common reasons for self medication reported by 178(61.6%) and 152(52.6%) pregnant women respectively. On the other hand, Malaria, headache and morning sickness (nausea and vomiting) were the leading ailments treated by self-medication as reported by 93(32.2%), 72(24.9%) and 68(23.5%) proportions of women respectively. Marital status, occupation, Level of education, parity was significantly associated with self-medication with conventional medicines (p-value < 0.01) while residence, occupation and level of education were associated with self-medication with herbal medicines Journal of Pregnancy and Child Health Katabalo DM, et al. J Preg Child Health 5: 119. www.doi.org/10.29011/JPCH-119.100019 www.gavinpublishers.com Citation: Katabalo DM, Robert DN, Mwita S, Minja WV, Abbas S, et al. (2022) Self-Medication during First Trimester Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care Clinic at a District Hospital in Mwanza, North-western Tanzania. J Preg Child Health 5: 119. DOI: 10.29011/JPCH-119.100019 2 Volume 05; Issue 01 (p-value <0.01). Furthermore this study found that participants had no adequate knowledge on the medication they were using as well as harmful effects of self-medication during first trimester of pregnancy. Conclusion: The practice of self-medication during first trimester was highly common among women attending district hospital. Majority of them had no adequate knowledge on the detrimental effects of this practice posing a potential risk to them and to the foetus they are carrying.","PeriodicalId":87313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pregnancy and child health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42025542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Pre-Pregnancy and Gestational Diabetes in the Province of Trento-North Italy: Trend 2012-2019","authors":"Piffer Silvano, R. Rizzello, Orrasch Massimo, Zambotti Francesca","doi":"10.29011/jpch-117.100017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/jpch-117.100017","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Pre-Pregnancy Diabetes (PPD) affects 03-05/100 and Gestational Diabetes (GDM) affects 7/100 pregnancies. The prevalence estimates show, for both conditions, a wide range of variability in relation to the characteristics of the populations and the diagnostic criteria used. In recent years there has been a significant increase in pregnancies in women with both type 1 and type 2 PPD. Similar increases are also reported for the GDM. The study reports the trend of the prevalence of PPD and GDM in pregnant women assisted at the maternity units of the province of Trento (North East Italy) from 2012 to 2019. Material and Methods: The criteria for monitoring blood glucose during pregnancy are based on the recommendations by the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups. The glycemic monitoring data are recorded in the province of Trento, on the personal obstetric guide of each pregnant woman, which is updated on the occasion of periodic checks and therefore in all pregnant women on the occasion of registration of data in the Birth Attendance Certificate (BAC) on a specific computer support operating at each maternity unit. The cases recorded in the BAC were compared with those collected by the provincial register of type 1 diabetes mellitus and with the hospital discharge archive. Based on the integrated data, the birth cohorts 2012-2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The temporal trend of the prevalence of PPD and GDM was calculated, considering the citizenship, the age group and the educational qualification of the pregnant women. Prevalence estimates are provided by 95% confidence intervals Results: Between 01.01.2012 and 12.31.2019, 33,577 pregnant women received care at hospital maternity units of the province of Trento. 158 cases of PPD (20 cases per year) and 1,950 cases of GDM (244 cases per year) were recorded. 1 case of GDM and one case of PDD had escaped the BAC. The mean period prevalence for PPD in all pregnant women is 0.44/100 (95% CI 0.37-0.50), in Italian women is 0.39/100 (95% CI 0, 31-0.46) while in foreign women it is 0.57/100 (95% CI 0.42-0.72). The average period prevalence of GDM for all pregnant women is 5.5/100 (95% CI 5.27-7.73), in Italian women is 4.3/100 (95% CI 4.064.54), while in foreign women it is 8.8/100 (95% CI 8.23-9.37). The prevalence of PPD overall shows a slight increase over time, this appears substantially stable in the Italians and increasing in the foreigners. In the case of the GDM, there is an increase over time in both population groups, greater in foreigners than in Italians. The prevalence of PPD and GDM in foreign women is higher than in Italian women. Women coming from African and Asian countries show the highest values. The prevalence of PPD and GDM grows linearly with age and with the reduction in the level of education of women. Discussion: The information flow of the BAC, as organized in the province of Trento, can be considered a reliable source in the recovery an","PeriodicalId":87313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pregnancy and child health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69488413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Cerebro-Placental Ratio in Pregnancies with Abnormal Umbilical Artery Doppler in Predicting Adverse Perinatal Outcome: Are we here yet?","authors":"Sunanda Bharatnur, C. Rani, S. Hebbar","doi":"10.29011/jpch-118.100018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/jpch-118.100018","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the effect of abnormal Umbilical artery Doppler and Cerebro-placental ratio on perinatal outcome in pregnant women between 28-40 weeks of gestation. Methods: It’s a prospective observational study of 139 pregnant women with abnormal umbilical artery Doppler and cerebroplacental ratio from 28-40wks excluding all medical diseases. Doppler was considered abnormal when pulsatality Index (PI) > 95th percentile for gestational age and when Cerebro-placental Ratio is less than 1.08. Results: Abnormal Doppler results are grouped into 3 groups, AEDF (absent end diastolic factor), REDF (reverse end diastolic factor), CPR (cerebro-placental ratio) <1. In AEDF, REDF, CPR groups, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) was noted in73%, 95%, 37%. Low Apgar (score less than 7), was 4.5%, 35%, 3.1%.FGR was noted in 37%, 81%, 15%. Birth weight < 2.5kg as seen in 32%, 45% whereas in REDF group 95% of babies were <2kg.Sepsis were noted more in REDF 70% whereas none in CPR group. Meconium stained amniotic fluid seen in 13%, 10% and none in CPR group. All babies required NICU stay more than 7 days in REDFcompared to other groups. Perinatal mortality was highest in the REDF (15 %) compared to AEDF (2.29 %) and CPR <1.08 (Zero) [p <0.001]. Conclusion: Abnormal umbilical artery Doppler along with CPR <1 is associated with substantial risk of adverse perinatal outcomes. Abnormal CPR and AEDF are not the indications for immediate delivery. Using Dopplers of other vessels like ductus venosus with UAAEDF could help in deciding the time of delivery and reduce the adverse perinatal outcome.","PeriodicalId":87313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pregnancy and child health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69488950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Factors Associated with Unintended Pregnancy among Women Attending Antenatal Clinic in General Hospital in Dodoma","authors":"Gloria L Mrosso, Fridolin Mujuni, Namanya Basinda, Joshua Ngimbwa","doi":"10.29011/jpch-116.100016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/jpch-116.100016","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Unintended pregnancy is a potential hazard for every sexually active woman as it poses a serious threat to the health and well-being of families globally. Information on Tanzanian women who conceive unintentionally is rarely documented. Understanding the extent of unintended pregnancy and the factors associated is crucial to devise evidence-based interventions. This study aimed to determine prevalence of and factors associated with unintended pregnancy Methods: This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study. A total of 300 pregnant women were recruited through random sampling and questionnaires were pre-tested and administered. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed using SPSS version 20 software to identify the factors associated with an unintended pregnancy. Results: The overall prevalence of unintended pregnancy was found to be 73 (24.3%) and those who wanted it at a later time and not at all accounted for 143 (47.7%) and 227 (75.7%) respectively. The prevalence of unintended pregnancies decreased with the use of emergency contraceptives and being married. However, it increases in lower age 15 to 20 years 67.3% (99/147) at first pregnancy, those who have high parity 54.5% (12/22), divorced 57.1% (4/7) and not married 62.7% (37/59). The prevalence was independent of the use of modern contraceptives, the number of sexual partners, and the level of education of the mother. Conclusion: Unintended pregnancy is one of the major reproductive health problems since approximately over a quarter (24.3%) of the pregnant women attending ANC had unintended pregnancy experience. There is a need to inaugurate a community-based program through increasing knowledge of family planning by designing strategic policy programs aimed at creating more sensitization on reducing the unintended pregnancy reflecting those with young age, high parity, and not married.","PeriodicalId":87313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pregnancy and child health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69488169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adequacy of Prenatal Care and its Association with Low Birth Weight in Ndola and Kitwe, Zambia","authors":"David Mulenga, Tambulani Nyirenda, H. T. Nyirenda, D. Mobegi, Brenda Mubita, Ronald Kapesha, V. Sakanga, R. Zulu, Emmanuel Chongwe, Inambao Mubiana","doi":"10.29011/jpch-108.100008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/jpch-108.100008","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Prenatal care is one of the recommended interventions globally to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes. In most Sub-Saharan African countries, high rates of poor pregnancy outcomes coexist with high Antenatal (ANC) coverage rates. Therefore, in order to understand this inconsistency, this study was designed to explore the association between adequacy of prenatal care received and low birth weight in Ndola and Kitwe, Zambia. Method: A cross sectional study on 384 women and their babies was conducted in Ndola and Kitwe based health facilities. Adequacy of prenatal care was evaluated according to the seven parameters defined by the Zambian Ministry of Health in the Program for Maternal and Child Health: 1. Obstetric history 2. Intermitted Presumptive Treatment of Malaria 3. Nutritional supplements (folic acid/iron) 4. Tetanus toxoid vaccination 5. Deworming 6. Health Education and 7. Screening tests. Data was analysed using Stata version 13.1; low birth weight and adequacy of prenatal care were described. Associations between adequacy of prenatal care and low birth weight were calculated and statistical significance was set at 5%. Results: A low birth weight of 13.5% was found in the study population. The most received screening test was abdominal pelvic scan (84.9%) and the least was the blood group (19.5%) and Rhesus factor (18.0%). On average, women received 60.9% of the ANC screening tests. Based on our classification, only 2.9% of the participants received adequate content of prenatal care. Only slightly above a quarter (25.8%) of women started their ANC visit in the first trimester. The study demonstrated a statistically significant association (p value 0.001) between basic screening tests and timing of prenatal care initiation. Similarly, a statistically significant association (p value 0.001) between essential screening tests and timing of prenatal care initiation was observed. Receiving essential screening tests was statistically significantly associated (p value 0.025) with low birth weight and no association observed between prenatal care and low birth weight. Conclusion: Evaluating the adequacy of prenatal care received by mothers using appropriate classification tools is an efficient means of identifying deficiencies in the provision of preventive services to women during pregnancy. The findings in Kitwe and Ndola, Zambia indicate that mothers who initiated prenatal care in the first trimester were more likely to receive all the screening tests compared to those that started in subsequent trimesters. Therefore, interventions to improve quality of prenatal care should target timing of ANC initiation and factors related to the availability and accessibility to screening tests during pregnancy. Citation: Mulenga D, Nyirenda T, Nyirenda HT, Mobegi D, Mubita B, et al. (2020) Adequacy of Prenatal Care and its Association with Low Birth Weight in Ndola and Kitwe, Zambia. J Preg Child Health 03: 108. DOI: 10.29011/JPCH-108.100008 ","PeriodicalId":87313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pregnancy and child health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69485097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Outcomes in Low-Risk Nulliparous Women who Underwent Labor Induction versus Expectant Management: Single Institution Experience","authors":"Pouran Malekzadeh, C. Witt, Irtiqa F. Fazili, Rebecca E. Fleenor, Kirsten Young, D. Dibaba, C. Chiu, C. Shephard","doi":"10.29011/jpch-112.100012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/jpch-112.100012","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The ARRIVE study found that induction of labor decreased the rates for cesarean section and was not associated with adverse neonatal outcomes. However, it is unclear if their study results are generalizable. Here, we aimed to analyze the perinatal and maternal outcomes of women undergoing elective induction of labor versus expectant management at a single center tertiary hospital. Methods: We retrospectively investigated outcomes in 188 low risk nulliparous women who either underwent labor induction (n=66) or had spontaneous labor (n=122). Results: There were no statistically significant outcomes between the two groups as it relates to the mother and neonate. The rate of cesarean delivery was 20% in the induction group versus 16% in the active labor group (p = 0.713). The woman who underwent induction had a relatively higher risk for morbidity including third degree laceration (p = 0.329), hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (p = 0.246), chorioamnionitis (p = 0.828), hemorrhage (p = 0.586) and infection (p = 0.586). Women in the induction group also spent more time in the labor (p < 0.001). Neonates in the induction group did have a relatively higher risk for meconium aspiration syndrome (p = 0.246), requiring respiratory support within 72 hours (p = 0.398), hyperbilirubinemia requiring phototherapy (p = 1.00), and shoulder dystocia (p = 0.732). Conclusions: We provide evidence of higher rate of maternal and neonatal morbidity in women undergoing inductions, although not statistically significant. Thus, providers should have an informed discussion when deciding timing of delivery.","PeriodicalId":87313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pregnancy and child health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69485335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postpartum Depression among Postnatal Women as a Result of Disrespect and Abuse during Labour and Delivery","authors":"H. T. Nyirenda, Brenda Mubita, Nancy Choka, David Mulenga, Ronald Kapesha, Bright Mukanga, P. Agina, D. Mobegi, Emmanuel Chongwe, V. Sakanga, R. Zulu, Inambao Mubiana","doi":"10.29011/jpch-109.100009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/jpch-109.100009","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Evidence suggests that health care providers habitually fail to provide respectful maternity care during facilitybased delivery. This study explored the relationship between disrespect and abuse experienced by women during child birth and postpartum depression. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study targeting women attending postnatal services within 28 days of delivery preceding the survey. A random sample of 306 women from 20 health facilities were selected and interviewed. Self-reported disrespect and abuse included physical abuse, non-consented care, non-confidential care, verbal abuse, and discrimination based on specific attributes. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was used to assess postpartum depression. Results: Findings reveal that 13% and 12% of the women had mild and severe symptoms of emotional distress respectively. One third (33%) experienced at least one form of disrespect and abuse. Further, the risk of having severe emotional distress symptoms was; (RRR=2.52, 95%CI: 1.256 5.057); (RRR=1.90, 90%CI: 0.905 3.985); (RRR=2.23, 90%CI: 0.874 5.669); (RRR=2.32, 95%CI: 1.146 4.692) and (RRR=4.41, 99%CI: 1.769 10.980) times higher for women who experienced; Physical abuse; Non-confidential care; Non-dignified care; Abandonment or denial of care; and Detention in facilities respectively. Similarly, the risk of having mild emotional distress was (RRR=2.44, 95%CI: 1.201 4.939) and (RRR=2.34, 95%CI: 1.176 4.672) times higher for women who experienced; Non-confidential care and Abandonment or denial of care respectively. Conclusion: Disrespect and abuse during Labour and delivery have potential of crafting adverse health outcomes such as postpartum depression hence negative child birth experiences defile the fundamentals for healthy motherhood. Recommendation: There is need to address the various forms of disrespect and abuse in order to ensure respectful maternity care and elude the potential adverse outcomes of postpartum depression. Postnatal services should incorporate critical assessment of signs of mental illness among women for early intervention. Citation: Nyirenda HT, Mubita B, Choka N, Mulenga D, Kapesha R, et al. (2020) Postpartum Depression among Postnatal Women as a Result of Disrespect and Abuse During Labour and Delivery. J Preg Child Health 03: 109. DOI: 10.29011/JPCH-109.100009 2 Volume 03; Issue 0","PeriodicalId":87313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pregnancy and child health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69485175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}