Global journal of community psychology practice最新文献

{"title":"Anti-stigma Practices as the Linchpin of Community Work in Mental Health","authors":"Pamela Grandón","doi":"10.7728/0701201607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7728/0701201607","url":null,"abstract":"Stigma is the main cause of suffering in people who receive a psychiatric diagnosis. Hence, the “Moonlight” Rehabilitation Center decided to annually organize the “anti-stigma” sessions, aimed to generate a reflection, debate and synergy space of experiences in order to fight stigma and protect the rights of people in mental health. These sessions are based on a research model of community participation that includes a managing team and different local actors. The information obtained in these sessions was analyzed by means of qualitative techniques. The products and effects that evidence the value of following this inclusive model have been developed: generation of documents on discrimination, stigma and promotion of rights; new promotion spaces of right in mental health and strategic alliances with health networks, higher education, private foundations and organizations of users with psychiatric diagnoses. Global Journal of Community Psychology Practice Volume 7, Issue 1S February 2016 Global Journal of Community Psychology Practice, http://www.gjcpp.org/ Page 3 Ser etiquetada/o con un diagnóstico psiquiátrico significa un antes y un después en la vida de una persona. Su propósito vital y relaciones sociales giran respecto a lo que se había trazado, provocando efectos negativos para sí y su familia; uno de esos efectos es el estigma. Goffman (1963) define estigma como un atributo degradante que deteriora la identidad de una persona y la inhabilita para una plena aceptación social. El estigma refiere a etiquetamiento, pérdida de estatus y discriminación de una persona que presenta una característica evaluada como negativa por la comunidad (Corrigan & O'Shaughnessy, 2007; Link & Phelan, 2001). El estigma se relaciona con la identidad social y con la categorización que la sociedad aplica a las personas, donde el exogrupo u otredad es estereotipado y desvalorizado (Link & Phelan, 2001). El estigma hacia las personas con diagnósticos psiquiátricos se evidencia en conductas de coerción, infantilización y segregación (Corrigan & O'Shaughnessy, 2007; Mestdagh, 2014). Esto tiene diversas consecuencias para las personas entre las cuales están: disminución de oportunidades laborales y redes sociales, menor acceso a vivienda, atención de salud, restricción de sus derechos en función del diagnóstico, aumento de la vulnerabilidad social y disminución de la autoestima (Arboleda-Flores & Stuart, 2012; Mascayano, Tapia, Castro, Mena & Manchego, 2015; Sharac, Mccrone, Clement, & Thornicroft, 2010). El estigma afecta directamente la recuperación de las personas, entendida ésta como un proceso de reconstrucción de la identidad con apoyo del grupo social para dotar de significado sus experiencias vitales y adquirir control sobre su tratamiento (Slade, Leamy, Bacon, Janosik, et al., 2012). La recuperación permite que se pueda construir un proyecto de vida más allá del sufrimiento generado por un trastorno mental (Bellack, 2006). Para recuperarse es fundamental parti","PeriodicalId":87260,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of community psychology practice","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90083581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Social Media as a Tool to Complement Advocacy","authors":"J. T. Scott","doi":"10.7728/0701201603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7728/0701201603","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":87260,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of community psychology practice","volume":"477 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80406373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Racismo ambiental e lutas por reconhecimento dos povos de floresta da Amazônia","authors":"Alessandro de Oliveira dos Santos, G. Massola, Luis Guilherme Galeão da Silva, Bernardo Parodi Svartman","doi":"10.7728/0701201610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7728/0701201610","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":87260,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of community psychology practice","volume":"172 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85018781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Challenge of Equity in Health Policies Aimed at the Roma Population in Spain","authors":"M. García-Ramírez","doi":"10.7728/0701201604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7728/0701201604","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we address the contribution of the community psychology to the formulation of transformative public health policies for the Roma. The gap in health between the Roma and the rest of population in Europe has led the International Organization for Migration to implement the Equi-Health Project. Its aim is to redefine public health policies addressed to the Roma from the values of equity and social justice. In Spain, it has entailed an iterative four stage process: (1) to frame the problem, (2) to build collaborative capacity among stakeholders; (3) to develop shared understanding, and (4) to plan future actions and strengthen commitments. The lessons learned from this experience allow to: (1) make the strengths of community psychology visible for the innovation of public health policies; (2) raise awareness of our commitment with oppressed groups; and (3) scientifically respond to governance for health. Global Journal of Community Psychology Practice Volume 7, Issue 1S February 2016 Global Journal of Community Psychology Practice, http://www.gjcpp.org/ Page 3 Las inequidades en salud del pueblo gitano (PG) representan uno de los desafíos más complejos que afrontan actualmente las políticas públicas europeas de protección social. La evidencia muestra consistentemente que los indicadores de salud del PG son siempre peores que los del resto de la población debido a las precarias e injustas condiciones de vida que sufren (La Parra, 2009). En la actualidad, doce millones de personas gitanas viven en Europa, representando así la minoría étnica más numerosa y pobre—diez veces más pobre que el resto de la población (McKee, Balabanova & Steriu, 2007; Parekh & Rose, 2011). La mayoría tiene un bajo nivel educativo y vive en guetos o asentamientos; incluso cuando logran escapar del círculo de la pobreza, no consiguen mejorar su salud porque continúan atrapadas en el estigma y el silenciamiento (Fésus, Östlin, McKee & Ádány, 2012). La ampliación de la Unión Europea con países con un alto porcentaje de población gitana (e.g., Rumanía y Bulgaria) fue la oportunidad para que en 2003 la Comisión Europea, el Banco Mundial y la Open Society Foundations organizaran la conferencia “Roma in an expanding Europe: Challenges for the Future” (Gitanos en una Europa en expansión: Desafíos para el futuro)i. El objetivo fue impulsar una Década para la Inclusión del PG (Decade of Roma Inclusion 2005-2015)ii que redujera de manera efectiva la brecha que los separaba del resto de la población en los ámbitos de educación, empleo, vivienda y salud. A pesar de los esfuerzos realizados, las condiciones de vida del PG en Europa siguieron empeorando y, en 2011, la Comisión Europea adoptó un marco que garantizase políticas nacionales de inclusión del PG (EU Framework for National Roma Integration Strategies up to 2020). A través de esta iniciativa, los estados miembros se comprometían a reforzar la legislación y apoyar a las autoridades regionales y locales para monitorear, ","PeriodicalId":87260,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of community psychology practice","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80695042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community Psychology and Public Policy: Research, Advocacy and Training in International Contexts","authors":"Douglas D. Perkins","doi":"10.7728/0701201601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7728/0701201601","url":null,"abstract":"We introduce a special issue on public policy research, advocacy, and training by community psychologists that grew out of the Fifth International Community Psychology Conference held in Fortaleza, Brazil. Two papers from Portugal propose changes in sex education policies in schools and communities to promote adolescents’ rights and drug abuse policies based on decriminalization of use and possession, risk and harm reduction, and health promotion. An article from Spain addresses transformative policies to reduce public health disparities for the Roma population in that country. Three contributions from Brazil examine a Landless Workers Movement popular education and agroforestry project to support children and adolescents’ rights and participation; another social movement to control public policy on youth and adult literacy and education; and racist environmental and natural resource policies that ignore the territorial rights of indigenous Amazonian populations. A paper from Chile describes the creation of a regular public forum to reduce stigma and promote human rights in community mental health care. Another paper examines the development and presents examples of social-community psychologists’ involvement in policy work in Puerto Rico, the process of training students for this endeavor and how to improve training. Finally, three articles cover recent trends in policy advocacy by community psychologists in the United States including its promotion and capacity building by the Society for Community Research and Action; using social media as a tool to enhance effectiveness of advocacy efforts; and an assessment of advocates’ and legislators’ capacity, knowledge, and perceptions of child injury prevention to inform policy change efforts. Introduction to the Special Issue This issue arose from a symposium entitled “Public Policy and Community Psychology: Methods of Training, Research and Practice in Different Global Regions” organized by the Public Policy Committee of the Society for Community Research and Action at the Fifth International Conference on Community Psychology in Fortaleza, Brazil. That session explored the challenges of increasing both the frequency and the impact of community psychologists’ policy work around the globe. It followed up on a similar symposium held at the prior International Conference in Barcelona, Spain in 2012, which led to a special issue of the Global Journal of Community Psychology Practice (http://www.gjcpp.org/en/index.php?issue= 14) on international policy work (edited by Ken Maton). For this new issue we called for submissions on (1) training for policy work at any level: high school, college, graduate, adult volunteers, continuing education; (2) theory or research on policy issues or policy engagement; or (3) examples of advocacy practice or interventions for policy change. Accepted full articles appear in English, Portuguese, or Spanish, but all include an English abstract. While the focus is on community ","PeriodicalId":87260,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of community psychology practice","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83065685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Democracy, Social Participation and Social Control of Public Policy in Brazil: The Experience of Forums for the Education of Young People and Adults of Brazil","authors":"Mirian Patricia Burgos","doi":"10.7728/0701201602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7728/0701201602","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":87260,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of community psychology practice","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76687591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The SCRA Public Policy Committee in Action: Advocacy, Collaboration, and Capacity Building","authors":"J’Vonnah Maryman","doi":"10.7728/0701201609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7728/0701201609","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":87260,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of community psychology practice","volume":"253 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76790358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Public Policy for the Promotion of Sex Education: The Portuguese Case","authors":"A. Rocha","doi":"10.7728/0701201612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7728/0701201612","url":null,"abstract":"Europe has probably the greatest experience in sexuality education. However, in the most recent research on its impact evaluation, the majority of studies focused on experiences in US territory. According to the European Office of WHO, this dominance happens due to the absence in Europe of a systematic publishing process of national experiences and results on the international context. Therefore, we propose to share the case of Portuguese policies in promoting sexuality education, based on a (bio) ecological approach. Implementation of sexuality education in Portugal has been long and somewhat erratic. At chronoand macrosystem levels, the last three decades have been marked by changes in policies and laws, and sexuality education has been view as a community project. These changes impact on practices, at meso and microsystem levels. The percentage of Portuguese schools implementing sexuality education has been increasing and, despite some variation, there are common practices in schools, especially those related to roles/functions played by stakeholders, and planning, implementation and evaluation procedures. There are also common difficulties such as: low school community participation, cross-curricular teaching, too heavy a focus on health-related issues, and poor-quality evaluation. These difficulties are also maximized by the educational policies and legislation, and validate the perceptions of academic and scientific community. Both fear that today the sustainability of school-based sexuality education as a community project is endangered because of the latest educational policies. So, in the end of this paper, we present an analysis of the current challenges in sexuality education, based on theoretical references of community intervention, as well as a set of proposals to overcome them. Global Journal of Community Psychology Practice Volume 7, Issue 1S February 2016 Global Journal of Community Psychology Practice, http://www.gjcpp.org/ Page 4 Introdução Ainda que em diferentes momentos, a educação sexual nasceu, em todo o mundo, por necessidades sociais despoletadas ora pela revolução sexual e pela emergência da adolescência, na Europa ocidental dos anos 60/70; ora por prevenção epidémica do VIH, nos anos 80/90, nos Estados Unidos da América e, mais tarde, na América Latina, Ásia e África. As questões sociais, que marcaram o seu início, influenciaram também todo o seu desenvolvimento, acentuando diferenças entre continentes ainda na atualidade (Ketting & Winkelmann, 2013; WHO/BZgA, 2010). Na Europa, após séculos de Cristianismo, a sociedade, com a influência dos trabalhos desenvolvidos na sexologia (ex., Havelock Ellis, Freud e Kinsey), tornou-se menos repressiva (Loeber, Reuter, Apter, van der Doefx, Lazdane, & Pinter, 2010; WHO/BZgA, 2010), evidenciando-se a necessidade da educação sexual formal. Esta, tendo-se iniciado na Suécia, em 1955, propagou-se por vários países do ocidente nas décadas de 70 e 80 e surgiu, no centro e leste europeu","PeriodicalId":87260,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of community psychology practice","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85596529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community practice and the work of Landless Workers' Movement (MST) with children and adolescents in Ribeirão Preto/SP - Brasil","authors":"Ana Paula da Silva","doi":"10.7728/0701201605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7728/0701201605","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this article is to present the experience of community practice of LAPSAPE in an agrarian reform settlement, located in the city of Ribeirão Preto, State of São Paulo, Brazil. The practice was conducted, during the years 2007 to 2012, at the invitation of the Landless Workers Movement – MST. The cultural-historical psychological perspective and the link between Developmental Psychology and Community Psychology oriented the activities. The purpose of the practice was contribute to the work of popular educators, building with them instruments to act in different levels: organization of playful and educational activities with children and adolescents; construction of knowledges about childhood to propose actions of defence of their rights with government agencies; involvement with the policies of education of children and young people; integration of children into space of the settlement of land reform. Ten adults and 40 children and adolescents of different ages (from three to 17 years old) participated of the activities. The comprehension of mutual construction and learning between settlers and University guided the practice. Some of the principal lines of the developed work were: the place of childhood and of the child in the rural settlement; rights of children and adolescents; plays; registry and memory of the activities; child development; rural education; rural-urban relationships; prejudice; sustainability. Through the deployment of different methods and languages, there was contribution to the empowerment of adults for the organization of actions for improvement of education policies. We highlight the role built in: mobilizing both adults and children to combat the risks on school transport (which resulted in the visibility of this topic in media, in the conquest of better conditions of vehicles and in the engagement of settlers adults to follow the path between the settlement and the school); the struggle for inclusion in municipal budget funding for the construction of the school in the settlement; and the involvement of children and adolescents in the agroforestry project. It should be noted that the practice was performed in a politically engaged community, mainly due to the history of participation in social movement and the struggle for the consolidation of settlement of agrarian reform. In the joint assessments with the settlers, we concluded that the intervention of the LAPSAPE group contributed to the construction of the identities of the participants as child educators as well as for the construction of autonomy in relation to the argument in favour of public policies, aimed at improving the living conditions of children and adolescents from agrarian reform settlements. Global Journal of Community Psychology Practice Volume 7, Issue 1S February 2016 Global Journal of Community Psychology Practice, http://www.gjcpp.org/ Page 4 Introdução Ao longo da história do Brasil, os trabalhadores rurais e agricultores familiares fo","PeriodicalId":87260,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of community psychology practice","volume":"118 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77423333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Community Psychology Approach to Program Development for Female Juvenile Offenders: A Community based Arts Initiative","authors":"A. Smith","doi":"10.7728/0602201502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7728/0602201502","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the benefits of taking a community psychology approach to designing and implementing a program for female juvenile offenders (FJOs). Despite policy initiatives calling for more gender-specific programming, few gender-specific programs for FJOs are evidenced-based and culturally sensitive, and the juvenile justice system still struggles to apply FJO research findings to FJO program development (Shepherd, 2002). This struggle to bridge research and practice is especially pronounced in community-based juvenile arbitration programs that often lack time and resources to develop research-based programs. This paper expounds on some of the gaps in FJO programming and argues that a community psychology approach is useful in addressing these gaps. It demonstrates the value of a community psychology approach by describing the process of developing a community-based arts intervention for FJOs participating in a community arbitration program. After discussing the process and challenges, the paper concludes with recommendations for the field. Female juvenile offenders (FJOs) are the fastest growing population in juvenile justice systems worldwide (Tracy, Kempf-Leonard, & Abramoske-James, 2009). In the United States, FJOs comprise almost one third of all juvenile justice arrests, and although arrest rates have declined overall for both male and female juvenile offenders, in 2013, FJOs made up 28 percent of arrests compared to only 22 percent in 1986 (Federal Bureau of Investigation, 2013). In response to this trend, the federal government reauthorized the 1974 Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (JJDP) Act in 1992 and again in 2002, calling for gender-specific research on and programs for FJOs. The reauthorization of the JJDP Act has led to increased emphasis on gender-specific programming in the juvenile justice system particularly with regard to research on differences in FJO and male juvenile offender (MJO) delinquency (American Bar Association & National Bar Association, 2001; Chesney-Lind & Sheldon, 1998; Sharp & Simon, 2004). In 2004, the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention founded the Girls Study Group (2014), a research group dedicated to “understanding and responding to girls’ delinquency,” and it has made considerable progress toward this goal (Zahn et al., 2008: p. 1). Despite this progress, research has been slow to inform practice, and the juvenile justice system still struggles to apply FJO research findings to FJO program development (Shepherd, 2002). This struggle to bridge research and practice is especially pronounced in community-based juvenile arbitration programs that often lack time and resources to develop research-based programs. This paper expounds on some of the gaps in FJO programming and argues that a community psychology approach is useful in addressing these gaps. It demonstrates the value of a community psychology approach by describing the process of developing a community-based arts ","PeriodicalId":87260,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of community psychology practice","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86250706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}