Basic Research in Cardiology最新文献

{"title":"The interplay of collagen, macrophages, and microcalcification in atherosclerotic plaque cap rupture mechanics.","authors":"Imke Jansen, Rachel Cahalane, Ranmadusha Hengst, Ali Akyildiz, Eric Farrell, Frank Gijsen, Elena Aikawa, Kim van der Heiden, Tamar Wissing","doi":"10.1007/s00395-024-01033-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00395-024-01033-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque cap overlying a lipid pool and/or necrotic core can lead to thrombotic cardiovascular events. In essence, the rupture of the plaque cap is a mechanical event, which occurs when the local stress exceeds the local tissue strength. However, due to inter- and intra-cap heterogeneity, the resulting ultimate cap strength varies, causing proper assessment of the plaque at risk of rupture to be lacking. Important players involved in tissue strength include the load-bearing collagenous matrix, macrophages, as major promoters of extracellular matrix degradation, and microcalcifications, deposits that can exacerbate local stress, increasing tissue propensity for rupture. This review summarizes the role of these components individually in tissue mechanics, along with the interplay between them. We argue that to be able to improve risk assessment, a better understanding of the effect of these individual components, as well as their reciprocal relationships on cap mechanics, is required. Finally, we discuss potential future steps, including a holistic multidisciplinary approach, multifactorial 3D in vitro model systems, and advancements in imaging techniques. The obtained knowledge will ultimately serve as input to help diagnose, prevent, and treat atherosclerotic cap rupture.</p>","PeriodicalId":8723,"journal":{"name":"Basic Research in Cardiology","volume":" ","pages":"193-213"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11008085/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139701649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathophysiology and clinical relevance of atrial myopathy.","authors":"Michiel R L Tubeeckx, Gilles W De Keulenaer, Hein Heidbuchel, Vincent F M Segers","doi":"10.1007/s00395-024-01038-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00395-024-01038-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atrial myopathy is a condition that consists of electrical, structural, contractile, and autonomic remodeling of the atria and is the substrate for development of atrial fibrillation, the most common arrhythmia. Pathophysiologic mechanisms driving atrial myopathy are inflammation, oxidative stress, atrial stretch, and neurohormonal signals, e.g., angiotensin-II and aldosterone. These mechanisms initiate the structural and functional remodeling of the atrial myocardium. Novel therapeutic strategies are being developed that target the pathophysiologic mechanisms of atrial myopathy. In this review, we will discuss the pathophysiology of atrial myopathy, as well as diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8723,"journal":{"name":"Basic Research in Cardiology","volume":" ","pages":"215-242"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140108987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of CD4⁺ T-cells for regulating splenic myelopoiesis and monocyte differentiation after experimental myocardial infarction.","authors":"Nadine Gladow, Claudia Hollmann, Johannes Weirather, Xin Ding, Matthias Burkard, Sabrina Uehlein, Richa Bharti, Konrad Förstner, Thomas Kerkau, Niklas Beyersdorf, Stefan Frantz, Gustavo Ramos, Ulrich Hofmann","doi":"10.1007/s00395-024-01035-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00395-024-01035-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Myocardial infarction (MI) induces the generation of proinflammatory Ly6C^high monocytes in the spleen and the recruitment of these cells to the myocardium. CD4⁺ Foxp3⁺ CD25⁺ T-cells (Tregs) promote the healing process after myocardial infarction by engendering a pro-healing differentiation state in myocardial monocyte-derived macrophages. We aimed to study the effects of CD4⁺ T-cells on splenic myelopoiesis and monocyte differentiation. We instigated MI in mice and found that MI-induced splenic myelopoiesis is abrogated in CD4⁺ T-cell deficient animals. Conventional CD4⁺ T-cells promoted myelopoiesis in vitro by cell-cell-contact and paracrine mechanisms, including interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) signalling. Depletion of regulatory T-cells enhanced myelopoiesis in vivo, as evidenced by increases in progenitor cell numbers and proliferative activity in the spleen 5 days after MI. The frequency of CD4⁺ T-cells-producing factors that promote myelopoiesis increased within the spleen of Treg-depleted mice. Moreover, depletion of Tregs caused a proinflammatory bias in splenic Ly6C^high monocytes, which showed predominantly upregulated expression of IFN-γ responsive genes after MI. Our results indicate that conventional CD4⁺ T-cells promote and Tregs attenuate splenic myelopoiesis and proinflammatory differentiation of monocytes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8723,"journal":{"name":"Basic Research in Cardiology","volume":" ","pages":"261-275"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11008073/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140020821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crosstalk of human coronary perivascular adipose-derived stem cells with vascular cells: role of tissue factor.","authors":"Gemma Arderiu, Maria Teresa Bejar, Anna Civit-Urgell, Esther Peña, Lina Badimon","doi":"10.1007/s00395-024-01037-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00395-024-01037-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The coronary perivascular adipose tissue (cPVAT) has been associated to the burden of cardiovascular risk factors and to the underlying vessel atherosclerotic plaque severity. Although the \"outside to inside\" hypothesis of PVAT-derived-adipokine regulation of vessel function is currently accepted, whether the resident mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) in PVAT have a regulatory role on the underlying vascular arterial smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is not known. Here, we investigated the interactions between resident PVAT-ASCs and VSMCs. ASCs were obtained from PVAT overlying the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery of hearts removed at heart transplant operations. PVAT was obtained both from patients with non-ischemic and ischemic heart disease as the cause of heart transplant. ASCs were isolated from PVAT, phenotypically characterized by flow cytometry, functionally tested for proliferation, and differentiation. Crosstalk between ASCs and VSMCs was investigated by co-culture studies. ASCs were detected in the adventitia of the LAD-PVAT showing differentiation capacity and angiogenic potential. ASCs obtained from PVAT of non-ischemic and ischemic hearts showed different tissue factor (TF) expression levels, different VSMCs recruitment capacity through the axis ERK1/2-ETS1 signaling and different angiogenic potential. Induced upregulation of TF in ASCs isolated from ischemic PVAT rescued their angiogenic capacity in subcutaneously implanted plugs in mice, whereas silencing TF in ASCs decreased the proangiogenic capacity of non-ischemic ASCs. The results indicate for the first time a novel mechanism of regulation of VSMCs by PVAT-ASCs in angiogenesis, mediated by TF expression in ASCs. Regulation of TF in ASCs may become a therapeutic intervention to increase cardiac protection.</p>","PeriodicalId":8723,"journal":{"name":"Basic Research in Cardiology","volume":" ","pages":"291-307"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140012073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mineralocorticoid receptor promotes cardiac macrophage inflammaging.","authors":"Daniela Fraccarollo, Robert Geffers, Paolo Galuppo, Johann Bauersachs","doi":"10.1007/s00395-024-01032-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00395-024-01032-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inflammaging, a pro-inflammatory status that characterizes aging and primarily involving macrophages, is a master driver of age-related diseases. Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) activation in macrophages critically regulates inflammatory and fibrotic processes. However, macrophage-specific mechanisms and the role of the macrophage MR for the regulation of inflammation and fibrotic remodeling in the aging heart have not yet been elucidated. Transcriptome profiling of cardiac macrophages from male/female young (4 months-old), middle (12 months-old) and old (18 and 24 months-old) mice revealed that myeloid cell-restricted MR deficiency prevents macrophage differentiation toward a pro-inflammatory phenotype. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that several biological processes related to inflammation and cell metabolism were modulated by the MR in aged macrophages. Further, transcriptome analysis of aged cardiac fibroblasts revealed that macrophage MR deficiency reduced the activation of pathways related to inflammation and upregulation of ZBTB16, a transcription factor involved in fibrosis. Phenotypic characterization of macrophages showed a progressive replacement of the TIMD4⁺MHC-II^neg/low macrophage population by TIMD4⁺MHC-II^int/high and TIMD4^-MHC-II^int/high macrophages in the aging heart. By integrating cell sorting and transwell experiments with TIMD4⁺/TIMD4^-macrophages and fibroblasts from old MR^flox/MR^LysMCre hearts, we showed that the inflammatory crosstalk between TIMD4^- macrophages and fibroblasts may imply the macrophage MR and the release of mitochondrial superoxide anions. Macrophage MR deficiency reduced the expansion of the TIMD4^- macrophage population and the emergence of fibrotic niches in the aging heart, thereby protecting against cardiac inflammation, fibrosis, and dysfunction. This study highlights the MR as an important mediator of cardiac macrophage inflammaging and age-related fibrotic remodeling.</p>","PeriodicalId":8723,"journal":{"name":"Basic Research in Cardiology","volume":" ","pages":"243-260"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11008080/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139701648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinct cytoskeletal regulators of mechanical memory in cardiac fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes.","authors":"Nesrine Bouhrira, Alexia Vite, Kenneth B Margulies","doi":"10.1007/s00395-023-01030-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00395-023-01030-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recognizing that cells \"feel\" and respond to their mechanical environment, recent studies demonstrate that many cells exhibit a phenomenon of \"mechanical memory\" in which features induced by prior mechanical cues persist after the mechanical stimulus has ceased. While there is a general recognition that different cell types exhibit different responses to changes in extracellular matrix stiffening, the phenomenon of mechanical memory within myocardial cell types has received little attention to date. To probe the dynamics of mechanical memory in cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) and cardiomyocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC-CMs), we employed a magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) cell culture substrate with tunable and reversible stiffness spanning the range from normal to diseased myocardium. In CFs, using increased cell area and increases in α-smooth muscle actin as markers of cellular responses to matrix stiffening, we found that induction of mechanical memory required seven days of stiff priming. Both induction and maintenance of persistent CF activation were blocked with the F-actin inhibitor cytochalasin D, while inhibitors of microtubule detyrosination had no impact on CFs. In iPSC-CMs, mechanical memory was invoked after only 24 h of stiff priming. Moreover, mechanical memory induction and maintenance were microtubule-dependent in CMs with no dependence on F-actin. Overall, these results identify the distinct temporal dynamics of mechanical memory in CFs and iPSC-CMs with different cytoskeletal mediators responsible for inducing and maintaining the stiffness-activated phenotype. Due to its flexibility, this model is broadly applicable to future studies interrogating mechanotransduction and mechanical memory in the heart and might inform strategies for attenuating the impact of load-induced pathology and excess myocardial stiffness.</p>","PeriodicalId":8723,"journal":{"name":"Basic Research in Cardiology","volume":" ","pages":"277-289"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139721429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of inflammatory signaling pathways involving the CD40–CD40L–TRAF cascade in diabetes and hypertension—insights from animal and human studies","authors":"Lea Strohm, Andreas Daiber, Henning Ubbens, Roopesh Krishnankutty, Matthias Oelze, Marin Kuntic, Omar Hahad, Veronique Klein, Imo E. Hoefer, Alex von Kriegsheim, Hartmut Kleinert, Dorothee Atzler, Philipp Lurz, Christian Weber, Philipp S. Wild, Thomas Münzel, Christoph Knosalla, Esther Lutgens, Steffen Daub","doi":"10.1007/s00395-024-01045-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00395-024-01045-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>CD40L–CD40–TRAF signaling plays a role in atherosclerosis progression and affects the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease (CHD). We tested the hypothesis that CD40L–CD40–TRAF signaling is a potential therapeutic target in hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and hypertension. In mouse models of hyperlipidemia plus diabetes (db/db mice) or hypertension (1 mg/kg/d angiotensin-II for 7 days), TRAF6 inhibitor treatment (2.5 mg/kg/d for 7 or 14 days) normalized markers of oxidative stress and inflammation. As diabetes and hypertension are important comorbidities aggravating CHD, we explored whether the CD40L–CD40–TRAF signaling cascade and their associated inflammatory pathways are expressed in CHD patients suffering from comorbidities. Therefore, we analyzed vascular bypass material (aorta or internal mammary artery) and plasma from patients with CHD with diabetes and/or hypertension. Our Olink targeted plasma proteomic analysis using the IMMUNO-ONCOLOGY panel revealed a pattern of step-wise increase for 13/92 markers of low-grade inflammation with significant changes. CD40L or CD40 significantly correlated with 38 or 56 other inflammatory targets. In addition, specific gene clusters that correlate with the comorbidities were identified in isolated aortic mRNA of CHD patients through RNA-sequencing. These signaling clusters comprised CD40L–CD40–TRAF, immune system, hemostasis, muscle contraction, metabolism of lipids, developmental biology, and apoptosis. Finally, immunological analysis revealed key markers correlated with comorbidities in CHD patients, such as CD40L, NOX2, CD68, and 3-nitrotyrosine. These data indicate that comorbidities increase inflammatory pathways in CHD, and targeting these pathways will be beneficial in reducing cardiovascular events in CHD patients with comorbidities.</p>","PeriodicalId":8723,"journal":{"name":"Basic Research in Cardiology","volume":"114 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140329183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early microvascular coronary endothelial dysfunction precedes pembrolizumab-induced cardiotoxicity. Preventive role of high dose of atorvastatin","authors":"Panagiotis Efentakis, Angeliki Choustoulaki, Grzegorz Kwiatkowski, Aimilia Varela, Ioannis V. Kostopoulos, George Tsekenis, Ioannis Ntanasis-Stathopoulos, Anastasios Georgoulis, Constantinos E. Vorgias, Harikleia Gakiopoulou, Alexandros Briasoulis, Constantinos H. Davos, Nikolaos Kostomitsopoulos, Ourania Tsitsilonis, Meletios Athanasios Dimopoulos, Evangelos Terpos, Stefan Chłopicki, Maria Gavriatopoulou, Ioanna Andreadou","doi":"10.1007/s00395-024-01046-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00395-024-01046-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) exhibit remarkable antitumor activity and immune-related cardiotoxicity of unknown pathomechanism. The aim of the study was to investigate the ICI class-dependent cardiotoxicity in vitro and pembrolizumab’s (Pem’s) cardiotoxicity in vivo, seeking for translational prevention means. Cytotoxicity was investigated in primary cardiomyocytes and splenocytes, incubated with ipilimumab, Pem and avelumab. Pem’s cross-reactivity was assessed by circular dichroism (CD) on biotechnologically produced human and murine PD-1 and in silico. C57BL6/J male mice received IgG4 or Pem for 2 and 5 weeks. Echocardiography, histology, and molecular analyses were performed. Coronary blood flow velocity mapping and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging were conducted at 2 weeks. Human EA.hy926 endothelial cells were incubated with Pem-conditioned media from human mononuclear cells, in presence and absence of statins and viability and molecular signaling were assessed. Atorvastatin (20 mg/kg, daily) was administered in vivo<i>,</i> as prophylaxis. Only Pem exerted immune-related cytotoxicity in vitro. Pem’s cross-reactivity with the murine PD-1 was confirmed by CD and docking. In vivo, Pem initiated coronary endothelial and diastolic dysfunction at 2 weeks and systolic dysfunction at 5 weeks. At 2 weeks, Pem induced ICAM-1 and iNOS expression and intracardiac leukocyte infiltration. At 5 weeks, Pem exacerbated endothelial activation and triggered cardiac inflammation. Pem led to immune-related cytotoxicity in EA.hy926 cells, which was prevented by atorvastatin. Atorvastatin mitigated functional deficits, by inhibiting endothelial dysfunction in vivo. We established for the first time an in vivo model of Pem-induced cardiotoxicity. Coronary endothelial dysfunction precedes Pem-induced cardiotoxicity, whereas atorvastatin emerges as a novel prophylactic therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":8723,"journal":{"name":"Basic Research in Cardiology","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140192637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing the immune response to myocardial infarction in pigs","authors":"Florian Schnitter, Franziska Stangl, Elisabeth Noeske, Maya Bille, Anja Stadtmüller, Niklas Vogt, Florian Sicklinger, Florian Leuschner, Anna Frey, Laura Schreiber, Stefan Frantz, Niklas Beyersdorf, Gustavo Ramos, Nadine Gladow, Ulrich Hofmann","doi":"10.1007/s00395-024-01036-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00395-024-01036-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Though myocardial infarction (MI) in pigs is a well-established translational large animal model, it has not yet been widely used for immunotherapy studies, and a comprehensive description of the immune response to MI in this species is lacking. We induced MI in Landrace pigs by balloon occlusion of the left anterior descending artery over 90 min. Within 14 days, the necrotic myocardium was progressively replaced by scar tissue with involvement of myofibroblasts. We characterized the immune response in the heart ex vivo by (immuno)histology, flow cytometry, and RNA sequencing of myocardial tissue on days 3, 7, and 14 after MI. Besides a clear predominance of myeloid cells among heart-infiltrating leukocytes, we detected activated T cells and an increasing proportion of CD4⁺ Foxp3⁺ regulatory T cells (T_reg), especially in the infarct core—findings that closely mirror what has been observed in mice and humans after MI. Transcriptome data indicated inflammatory activity that was persistent but markedly changing in character over time and linked to extracellular matrix biology. Analysis of lymphocytes in heart-draining lymph nodes revealed significantly higher proliferation rates of T helper cell subsets, including T_reg on day 7 after MI, compared to sham controls. Elevated frequencies of myeloid progenitors in the spleen suggest that it might be a site of emergency myelopoiesis after MI in pigs, as previously shown in mice. We thus provide a first description of the immune response to MI in pigs, and our results can aid future research using the species for preclinical immunotherapy studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8723,"journal":{"name":"Basic Research in Cardiology","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140139389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity by diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s00395-024-01039-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00395-024-01039-z","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <p>Anthracyclines are highly potent anti-cancer drugs, but their clinical use is limited by severe cardiotoxic side effects. The impact of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity (AIC) on left ventricular (LV) microarchitecture and diffusion properties remains unknown. This study sought to characterize AIC by cardiovascular magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Mice were treated with Doxorubicin (DOX; <em>n</em> = 16) for induction of AIC or saline as corresponding control (<em>n</em> = 15). Cardiac function was assessed via echocardiography at the end of the study period. Whole hearts (<em>n</em> = 8 per group) were scanned ex vivo by high-resolution DTI at 7 T. Results were correlated with histopathology and mass spectrometry imaging. Mice with AIC demonstrated systolic dysfunction (LVEF 52 ± 3% vs. 43 ± 6%, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), impaired global longitudinal strain (−19.6 ± 2.0% vs. −16.6 ± 3.0%, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01), and cardiac atrophy (LV mass index [mg/mm], 4.3 ± 0.1 vs. 3.6 ± 0.2, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). Regional sheetlet angles were significantly lower in AIC, whereas helix angle and relative helicity remained unchanged. In AIC, fractional anisotropy was increased (0.12 ± 0.01 vs. 0.14 ± 0.02, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). DOX-treated mice displayed higher planar and less spherical anisotropy (<em>C</em>_Planar 0.07 ± 0.01 vs. 0.09 ± 0.01, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01; <em>C</em>_Spherical 0.89 ± 0.01 vs. 0.87 ± 0.02, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). <em>C</em>_Planar and <em>C</em>_Spherical yielded good discriminatory power to distinguish between mice with and without AIC (c-index 0.91 and 0.84, respectively, <em>P</em> for both &lt; 0.05). AIC is associated with regional changes in sheetlet angle but no major abnormalities of global LV microarchitecture. The geometric shape of the diffusion tensor is altered in AIC. DTI may provide a new tool for myocardial characterization in patients with AIC, which warrants future clinical studies to evaluate its diagnostic utility.</p>","PeriodicalId":8723,"journal":{"name":"Basic Research in Cardiology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140123916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}