Behavior Research Methods最新文献_第2页

Not that cloze: Sentence constraint is influenced by language and language dominance. 不是说完形填空：句子的限制受语言和语言优势的影响。

IF 5 2区心理学

Behavior Research Methods Pub Date : 2026-10-14 DOI: 10.3758/s13428-026-03140-8

Ana Bautista, Clara D Martin

{"title":"Not that cloze: Sentence constraint is influenced by language and language dominance.","authors":"Ana Bautista, Clara D Martin","doi":"10.3758/s13428-026-03140-8","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13428-026-03140-8","url":null,"abstract":"In the fields of language processing and prediction, cloze tests are used to establish sentence constraint norms. The validity of cloze test results depends heavily on how closely the pre-test population matches the main study population, and yet there is limited evidence on how sociolinguistic variables may influence sentence constraint. Here, we investigate how language and language dominance influence sentence constraint at the lexical level by conducting a cloze test across different language groups and comparing response entropy. In Analysis 1, sentence constraint was similarly high for Spanish- and French-dominant speakers tested on the same translated sentences. However, their item-by-item alignment was moderate. In Analysis 2, non-dominant French speakers showed lower sentence constraint than dominant speakers overall. Dominant and non-dominant French speakers showed only moderate alignment, whereas the strongest alignment was observed between the two groups of non-dominant French speakers with different dominant languages. Our findings suggest that sentence expectations are shaped by language and language dominance. These findings are discussed considering theoretical proposals on the cloze test procedure, and offer informed practices for designing future language prediction studies across diverse speaker populations.","PeriodicalId":8717,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Research Methods","volume":"58 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13669023/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149179138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inclusive electroencephalography practices for Black and Muslim participation in a White non-Muslim-majority country: A co-produced tutorial. 在一个白人非穆斯林占多数的国家，黑人和穆斯林参与的包容性脑电图实践：联合制作的教程。

IF 5 2区心理学

Behavior Research Methods Pub Date : 2026-10-14 DOI: 10.3758/s13428-026-03203-w

Damian Cruse, Ilham Razaie, Nyamesumpa Abbey, Natasha Bradbury, Yasmin Darawil, Hana Eldessoky, Fatima Farooq, Olivia Francis, Romy Froemer, Dorinda Lokko, Esther Nwakor, Amaliah-Saffron Odutola, Andrew Quinn, Nishita Sujan, Malaika Zabair

{"title":"Inclusive electroencephalography practices for Black and Muslim participation in a White non-Muslim-majority country: A co-produced tutorial.","authors":"Damian Cruse, Ilham Razaie, Nyamesumpa Abbey, Natasha Bradbury, Yasmin Darawil, Hana Eldessoky, Fatima Farooq, Olivia Francis, Romy Froemer, Dorinda Lokko, Esther Nwakor, Amaliah-Saffron Odutola, Andrew Quinn, Nishita Sujan, Malaika Zabair","doi":"10.3758/s13428-026-03203-w","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13428-026-03203-w","url":null,"abstract":"Most electroencephalography (EEG) research is conducted in White-majority Western countries by White researchers. EEG practices therefore often explicitly and implicitly exclude minoritised groups, leading to low diversity in EEG data samples that deepens biases in interpretation and clinical utility. Because EEG electrodes must contact the scalp, Black people and Muslim women who wear a hijab (or, Hijabis) are two systematically excluded groups. As a group of EEG researchers, Black people, and Hijabis, here we describe co-produced practical approaches to overcoming EEG participation barriers, from recruitment to data collection, and provide co-produced text, photographs, and videos designed to break down these barriers. These approaches provide further tools for the EEG community to tackle systemic exclusion and foster better, more representative neuroscience.","PeriodicalId":8717,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Research Methods","volume":"58 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13669029/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149179019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The samplr package: A tool for modeling human cognition with sampling algorithms. samplr包：一个用采样算法对人类认知建模的工具。

IF 5 2区心理学

Behavior Research Methods Pub Date : 2026-10-14 DOI: 10.3758/s13428-026-03188-6

Lucas Castillo, Yun-Xiao Li, Adam N Sanborn

引用次数: 0

An introduction to the methodological corpus of systematic observation and its quality assessment. 介绍系统观测的方法学语料库及其质量评价。

IF 5 2区心理学

Behavior Research Methods Pub Date : 2026-10-13 DOI: 10.3758/s13428-026-03189-5

Daniel López-Arenas, Susana Sanduvete-Chaves, Salvador Chacón-Moscoso

{"title":"An introduction to the methodological corpus of systematic observation and its quality assessment.","authors":"Daniel López-Arenas, Susana Sanduvete-Chaves, Salvador Chacón-Moscoso","doi":"10.3758/s13428-026-03189-5","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13428-026-03189-5","url":null,"abstract":"Observational methodology (OM) has evolved into a rigorous and flexible mixed-methods framework for studying spontaneous behavior in natural settings. By systematically recording behavioral streams and converting qualitative data into quantitative parameters, OM provides ecologically valid evidence often unattainable in experimental designs. This article presents a comprehensive methodological framework that synthesizes the conceptual, methodological, and analytical foundations of OM, along with recent advances in quality assessment. It traces OM's evolution from qualitative traditions to a mature scientific methodology grounded in technological innovations and robust analytical procedures. A central element is the taxonomy of observational designs, which guides decisions on instrument development, sampling, and data analysis. This paper examines the structure of observational instruments, highlighting the complementary roles of structured category systems and flexible field formats, as well as the growing use of hybrid instruments that combine theoretical rigor with practical flexibility. Key components of the QUAL-QUANT-QUAL sequence are described, including behavioral segmentation, qualitative data typologies, and their transformation into quantitative parameters such as frequency, order, and duration. Analytical techniques used in OM include classical statistics and three field-specific procedures: lag sequential analysis, polar coordinate analysis, and T-pattern detection, which together enable precise identification of recurrent behavioral patterns. The article also addresses quality assessment, reviewing key frameworks that promote transparency, standardization, and evidence synthesis across behavioral science domains. Overall, this work offers an updated reference for designing, implementing, evaluating, and synthesizing studies based on OM.","PeriodicalId":8717,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Research Methods","volume":"58 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13661634/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149179099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Divine verification: Introducing a CAPTCHA-based religious priming technique. 神性验证：介绍一种基于captcha的宗教启动技术。

IF 5 2区心理学

Behavior Research Methods Pub Date : 2026-10-13 DOI: 10.3758/s13428-026-03147-1

Fırat Şeker, Ensar Acem, Rozelin Vurgun, Burak Dogruyol, Ozan Isler, Onurcan Yilmaz

{"title":"Divine verification: Introducing a CAPTCHA-based religious priming technique.","authors":"Fırat Şeker, Ensar Acem, Rozelin Vurgun, Burak Dogruyol, Ozan Isler, Onurcan Yilmaz","doi":"10.3758/s13428-026-03147-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-026-03147-1","url":null,"abstract":"Previous research on religious priming has predominantly relied on implicit and explicit approaches, both of which face critical limitations. Implicit primes often lack construct validity, while explicit primes are vulnerable to demand effects and social desirability biases. Moreover, the effectiveness of these methods has rarely been systematically validated. Addressing these gaps, we introduce and validate a novel technique-allusive priming-designed to minimize demand characteristics while reliably activating targeted constructs. Using allusive primes, religious themes (punitive, rewarding, forgiving, and neutral conceptions of God) were subtly embedded within CAPTCHA-like tasks. Following a preliminary calibration study (n = 104) to select materials, we conducted a preregistered online experiment (n = 2770 U.S. participants) comparing the effectiveness of two different allusive priming conditions with a standard explicit prime in how effectively they increase religious thought saliency. Participants completed a Word Completion Task to assess religious thought accessibility and a dictator game to explore prosocial outcomes. Results demonstrated that one of our two allusive primes significantly increased religious word completions. Critically, participants exposed to allusive primes exhibited lower awareness of the manipulation's purpose compared to those exposed to explicit primes, suggesting reduced demand effects. However, despite successful activation of religious thoughts, religious priming did not significantly influence generosity in the dictator game. These findings position allusive priming as a promising alternative to traditional methods, offering greater flexibility and ecological validity for priming diverse psychological constructs, while mitigating common validity threats.","PeriodicalId":8717,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Research Methods","volume":"58 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149179094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

C-VLT: A reliable Chinese Vocabulary Levels Test for primary and secondary school learners. C-VLT：一个可靠的中小学汉语词汇水平测试。

IF 5 2区心理学

Behavior Research Methods Pub Date : 2026-10-09 DOI: 10.3758/s13428-026-03166-y

Biao Zeng, Youxiang Jiang, Hongbo Wen

{"title":"C-VLT: A reliable Chinese Vocabulary Levels Test for primary and secondary school learners.","authors":"Biao Zeng, Youxiang Jiang, Hongbo Wen","doi":"10.3758/s13428-026-03166-y","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13428-026-03166-y","url":null,"abstract":"This study developed the first Chinese Vocabulary Levels Test (C-VLT) designed for native Chinese learners in Grades 1 through 9, utilizing a developmental vocabulary list. The C-VLT comprises four subtests, each matched to different grade levels. Using probability proportional to size sampling, we selected 16 schools from four counties, with a total of 10,460 students participating in the test. Analyses combining classical test theory (CTT) and item response theory (IRT) showed that the test exhibited reasonable difficulty and discrimination, and no items showed differential item functioning effects, indicating high item quality and satisfactory test fairness. Additionally, all four subtests demonstrated high CTT reliability, and the IRT information curves and standard errors indicated good measurement precision for most students. Furthermore, evidence based on test content, internal structure, and theoretically expected relations to educational stage and word frequency supported the intended interpretation of C-VLT scores as indicators of recognition-based receptive Chinese vocabulary knowledge and stage-based vocabulary mastery. Item difficulty also generally increased as word frequency decreased and educational stage increased. Taken together, the C-VLT provides reliable and interpretable scores for assessing learners' receptive Chinese vocabulary knowledge across educational stages.","PeriodicalId":8717,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Research Methods","volume":"58 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149147065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Meaningless, but not emotionless: Evidence from a megastudy of pseudoword lexical decisions. 毫无意义，但并非毫无情感：来自伪词词汇决定的大型研究的证据。

IF 5 2区心理学

Behavior Research Methods Pub Date : 2026-10-09 DOI: 10.3758/s13428-026-03186-8

Celia Martínez-Tomás, Marc Guasch, Miguel Lázaro, Ana Baciero, Pilar Ferré, José Antonio Hinojosa

{"title":"Meaningless, but not emotionless: Evidence from a megastudy of pseudoword lexical decisions.","authors":"Celia Martínez-Tomás, Marc Guasch, Miguel Lázaro, Ana Baciero, Pilar Ferré, José Antonio Hinojosa","doi":"10.3758/s13428-026-03186-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-026-03186-8","url":null,"abstract":"We examined the influence of morphological structure and emotional content on the recognition of pseudowords in a megastudy using a lexical decision task. To this end, 1,025 native Spanish speakers responded to 1,200 experimental words and 4,800 experimental pseudowords with different morphological structures derived from emotional and neutral base words, as well as to 1,200 filler words and 1,200 filler pseudowords. Reaction times (RTs) and accuracy were analyzed using linear and generalized linear mixed-effects models, revealing an effect of morphological composition. Pseudowords containing both a real root and a real suffix elicited the slowest response times and the highest error rates, followed by those containing one real morphological component (e.g., root + non-suffix or non-root + suffix). Pseudowords lacking identifiable morphological components (e.g., non-root + non-suffix) were rejected the fastest and with the greatest accuracy. With regard to affective features, higher valence and arousal elicited higher error rates and slowed rejection times. This suggests that emotionally charged pseudowords are more likely to be perceived as real words. Furthermore, these effects interacted with morphological structure, suggesting that affective and sublexical cues contribute jointly to pseudoword processing. Overall, we show that emotional information can be accessed even in the absence of lexical representations, possibly via the activation of representations from existing words and/or by exploiting systematic links between certain sublexical features and emotional meaning. Additionally, the current study provides a database ( https://osf.io/mh3xe/ ) of reaction times and accuracy data for 2,400 Spanish words and 6,000 Spanish pseudowords that vary in emotional and morphological composition.","PeriodicalId":8717,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Research Methods","volume":"58 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149147619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Understanding when mixture models effectively identify careless responding: Simulation and validity evidence. 理解混合模型何时能有效识别粗心的反应：模拟和有效性证据。

IF 5 2区心理学

Behavior Research Methods Pub Date : 2026-10-09 DOI: 10.3758/s13428-026-03165-z

Irina Uglanova, Gabriel Nagy, Esther Ulitzsch

{"title":"Understanding when mixture models effectively identify careless responding: Simulation and validity evidence.","authors":"Irina Uglanova, Gabriel Nagy, Esther Ulitzsch","doi":"10.3758/s13428-026-03165-z","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13428-026-03165-z","url":null,"abstract":"Careless and insufficient effort responding (C/IER) in self-report questionnaires refers to responses provided without adequate attention to item content. Latent variable mixture models have recently been proposed as a promising approach for detecting and accounting for C/IER. This study systematically evaluates the performance of mixture modeling for C/IER detection. Using an exemplar mixture model that captures core features of existing approaches, we (a) investigated, via simulations, conditions that facilitate or impede separation between response patterns indicative of attentive versus careless responding and (b) examined the validity of interpreting the latent class variable as an indicator of C/IER in an empirical application. The simulation study assessed how questionnaire and item characteristics affect latent-class identification under different C/IER response patterns. Results indicate that reliable separation is achieved when scales comprise at least ten items, exhibit substantial threshold heterogeneity, and include both positively and negatively worded items. Empirical support for the C/IER interpretation of the latent class variable was obtained by reanalyzing a publicly available Big Five inventory data set collected across multiple platforms. Model-based classifications closely corresponded to alternative C/IER indicators that do not rely on response patterns, exhibited consistency across multiple scales, and were sensitive to platform-specific differences in C/IER prevalence. Overall, the results support mixture modeling as a viable approach for addressing C/IER under many conditions commonly encountered in applied research.","PeriodicalId":8717,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Research Methods","volume":"58 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13652882/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149147228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

HelexKids 2.0: A linguistically annotated lexical database building on HelexKids. HelexKids 2.0：一个基于HelexKids的语言注释词汇数据库。

IF 5 2区心理学

Behavior Research Methods Pub Date : 2026-10-07 DOI: 10.3758/s13428-026-03179-7

Anthi Revithiadou, Aris Terzopoulos, Georgia Niolaki, Giorgos Markopoulos, Konstantinos Avdelidis, Ilias Mittas, Kosmas Kosmidis

{"title":"HelexKids 2.0: A linguistically annotated lexical database building on HelexKids.","authors":"Anthi Revithiadou, Aris Terzopoulos, Georgia Niolaki, Giorgos Markopoulos, Konstantinos Avdelidis, Ilias Mittas, Kosmas Kosmidis","doi":"10.3758/s13428-026-03179-7","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13428-026-03179-7","url":null,"abstract":"HelexKids 2.0 represents an annotated expansion of the original HelexKids, a word frequency database compiled from Greek and Cypriot elementary school textbooks. This article presents the extended annotation methodology employed to enrich the database with part-of-speech tags, phonological properties (syllable count, phonetic transcription, orthographic and phonological syllabification, and stress), and morphological features (case, number, gender, and inflection class for nouns). All original frequency and lexical measures are retained, and new ones (e.g., PLD20, bigram and biphone frequencies) are added. The annotation process combined automated tools with extensive manual annotation and expert verification. We redesigned the database to assemble dynamically from the full set of textbooks, delivering results on the fly. The annotated database comprises 67,802 types and over 1.3 million tokens. We report on stress pattern distributions across major parts of speech and grade levels, show how stress is distributed by word class, and provide hierarchies of word-level syllabic templates. HelexKids 2.0 is freely available through the GRADIENCE project webpage and serves as a valuable resource for psycholinguistic and morphophonological research, as well as for educational applications.","PeriodicalId":8717,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Research Methods","volume":"58 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13645859/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149126493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bayesian distributional models of executive functioning. 执行功能的贝叶斯分布模型。

IF 5 2区心理学

Behavior Research Methods Pub Date : 2026-10-05 DOI: 10.3758/s13428-026-03191-x

Robert Kasumba, Zeyu Lu, Dom C P Marticorena, Mingyang Zhong, Paul Beggs, Anja Pahor, Geetha Ramani, Imani Goffney, Susanne M Jaeggi, Aaron R Seitz, Jacob R Gardner, Dennis L Barbour

{"title":"Bayesian distributional models of executive functioning.","authors":"Robert Kasumba, Zeyu Lu, Dom C P Marticorena, Mingyang Zhong, Paul Beggs, Anja Pahor, Geetha Ramani, Imani Goffney, Susanne M Jaeggi, Aaron R Seitz, Jacob R Gardner, Dennis L Barbour","doi":"10.3758/s13428-026-03191-x","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13428-026-03191-x","url":null,"abstract":"This study uses controlled simulations with known ground-truth parameters to evaluate how distributional latent variable models (DLVM) and Bayesian distributional active learning (DALE) perform compared with conventional independent maximum likelihood estimation (IMLE). DLVM integrates observations across multiple executive function tasks and individuals, allowing parameter estimation even under sparse or incomplete data conditions. To establish known ground truth, we uniformly sample individual sessions from a neural network-learned latent space and map them to distributional cognitive performance across different tasks. We then sample individual test items from these distributions using DALE, a random procedure, or a standard fixed-battery approach. Given the same observations, DLVM consistently outperformed IMLE, especially with smaller amounts of data, and converged faster to highly accurate estimates of the true distributions. In a second set of analyses, DALE adaptively guided sampling to maximize information gain, outperforming random sampling and fixed test batteries, particularly within the first 80 trials. These findings establish the advantages of combining DLVM's cross-task inference with DALE's optimal adaptive sampling, providing a principled basis for more efficient cognitive assessments.","PeriodicalId":8717,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Research Methods","volume":"58 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13638740/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149103771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0