Environmental sciences : an international journal of environmental physiology and toxicology最新文献_第6页

Estimating health risk from exposure to 1,4-dioxane in Japan. 估算日本暴露于1,4-二恶烷的健康风险。

Environmental sciences : an international journal of environmental physiology and toxicology Pub Date : 2006-01-01

Ryoji Makino, Hajime Kawasaki, Atsuo Kishimoto, Masashi Gamo, Junko Nakanishi

{"title":"Estimating health risk from exposure to 1,4-dioxane in Japan.","authors":"Ryoji Makino, Hajime Kawasaki, Atsuo Kishimoto, Masashi Gamo, Junko Nakanishi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Exposure to 1,4-dioxane from the atmosphere around high-emission plants and from consumer products used in daily life that contain the substance may have adverse health effects; however, its emission into the atmosphere is not regulated. In this study, the health risk posed by 1,4-dioxane is assessed to investigate whether measures should be undertaken to reduce exposure to 1,4-dioxane. The notion of the margin of exposure (MOE), given by the ratio of no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) to actual or projected exposure level, is used to assess risk. In exposure assessment, two types of exposure channel are considered: (a) the use of consumer products that contain 1,4-dioxane and (b) the inhalation of air around high-emission plants. To estimate exposure via channel (a), we measured the concentration of 1,4-dioxane in consumer products and estimated the interindividual variability of exposure by Monte Carlo simulation that reflects the measured data. To estimate exposure via channel (b), we employed a local-level atmospheric dispersion model to estimate the concentration of 1,4-dioxane immediately around high-emission plants. For hazard assessment, we derived the inhalatory and oral NOAELs for liver adenomas and carcinomas and the uncertainty factor. The results suggest that measures are not needed to reduce exposure to 1,4-dioxane from consumer products. As for inhalation exposure around high-emission plants, some residents may be exposed to health risks if certain conservative analytical conditions are assumed. Even in this case, we conclude that it is not necessary for Plant A to stop the use of 1,4-dioxane immediately and that medium- to long-term emission reduction measures should be sufficient.","PeriodicalId":87178,"journal":{"name":"Environmental sciences : an international journal of environmental physiology and toxicology","volume":"13 1","pages":"43-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26011384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Production of sepedonin by Sepedonium chrysospermum NT-1 in submerged culture. 黄胚塞冬草NT-1深层培养产皂苷的研究。

Environmental sciences : an international journal of environmental physiology and toxicology Pub Date : 2006-01-01

Kazutaka Nagao, Naho Yoshida, Kazufumi Iwai, Takashi Sakai, Mitsuo Tanaka, Toshiro Miyahara

引用次数: 0

Direct analysis of diesel exhaust particles by fragmentation-free mass spectrometry using ion attachment mass spectrometry. 使用离子附着质谱法，通过无碎片质谱法直接分析柴油废气颗粒。

Environmental sciences : an international journal of environmental physiology and toxicology Pub Date : 2006-01-01

Hiroyuki Masaki, Lei Chen, Takashi Korenaga

引用次数: 0

Estimation of aggregate population cancer risk from dichloromethane for Japanese using atmospheric dispersion model. 利用大气扩散模型估算日本二氯甲烷的总体人群癌症风险。

Environmental sciences : an international journal of environmental physiology and toxicology Pub Date : 2006-01-01

Kazuya Inoue, Haruyuki Higashino, Hiroshi Yoshikado, Junko Nakanishi

{"title":"Estimation of aggregate population cancer risk from dichloromethane for Japanese using atmospheric dispersion model.","authors":"Kazuya Inoue, Haruyuki Higashino, Hiroshi Yoshikado, Junko Nakanishi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The aggregate population cancer risk from dichloromethane exposure for each prefecture and for all of Japan was estimated using an atmospheric dispersion model and by considering the population within each calculation mesh (about 5 x 5 km). Indoor dichloromethane exposure was also taken into consideration. The number of lifetime dichloromethane-exposure-induced cancer cases for all of Japan was estimated to be only 1.3 (of 125 million people) using a most recently reported unit risk value. It was also found that the average ratio of the contribution to the aggregate population cancer risk attributable to outdoor emission sources (industrial factories) to the total emission sources was no more than 40% for all of Japan. From these results, it is believed that further reductions in dichloromethane emissions from industrial factories on a prefectural or a nationwide scale would not be effective in reducing cancer risk. It was also revealed that the average ambient concentration of dichloromethane measured at monitoring stations for hazardous air pollutants in each prefecture is a good measure of the average ambient dichloromethane concentration to which people in that prefecture are exposed. Therefore, it was suggested that the aggregate population cancer risk from dichloromethane exposure can be effectively estimated for entire Japan by simply using the average ambient concentration measured at monitoring stations in all of Japan taking into consideration indoor dichloromethane exposure.","PeriodicalId":87178,"journal":{"name":"Environmental sciences : an international journal of environmental physiology and toxicology","volume":"13 1","pages":"59-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26011385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Masculinization of female gastropod mollusks induced by organotin compounds, focusing on mechanism of actions of tributyltin and triphenyltin for development of imposex. 有机锡化合物诱导雌性腹足类软体动物雄性化的研究，重点探讨了三丁基锡和三苯基锡对雌雄异交动物发育的作用机制。

Environmental sciences : an international journal of environmental physiology and toxicology Pub Date : 2006-01-01

Toshihiro Horiguchi

{"title":"Masculinization of female gastropod mollusks induced by organotin compounds, focusing on mechanism of actions of tributyltin and triphenyltin for development of imposex.","authors":"Toshihiro Horiguchi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Imposex, the superimposition of male-type genital organs (penis and vas deferens) on female gastropods, is cause-specific and induced by low concentrations of certain organotins, such as tributyltin (TBT) and triphenyltin (TPT) from antifouling paints. Reproductive failure may be observed at severely affected stages. The history of imposex study and the legislation of organotins are summarized. The present statuses of gastropod imposex and organotin pollution in Japan, together with endocrine disruption observed in abalones, are also summarized, on the basis of the results of the field studies of the rock shell (Thais clavigera) conducted at 174 locations along the Japan coast between January 1999 and November 2001, the histopathological and analytical chemical studies of the ivory shell (Babylonia japonica), and both field and laboratory studies of the abalone (Haliotis madaka and H. gigantea). The fundamental knowledge of the endocrinology of gastropod mollusks is briefly described. Four hypotheses, such as that of aromatase-inhibition, regarding the induction mechanism of imposex induced by organotins in gastropods are reviewed. Finally, a new hypothesis that states that retinoid X receptor (RXR) plays an important role in inducing the development of imposex, i.e., the differentiation and growth of male-type genital organs in female gastropods, is reviewed and discussed to clarify the entire mode of action of TBT or TPT in the development of imposex in gastropods.","PeriodicalId":87178,"journal":{"name":"Environmental sciences : an international journal of environmental physiology and toxicology","volume":"13 2","pages":"77-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26100609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Formaldehyde uptake by Methylobacterium sp. MF1 and Acidomonas methanolica MB 58 with the different formaldehyde assimilation pathways. 甲基杆菌MF1和甲醇酸单胞菌mb58在不同甲醛同化途径下对甲醛的吸收。

Environmental sciences : an international journal of environmental physiology and toxicology Pub Date : 2006-01-01

Ryoji Mitsui, Hideaki Kitazawa, Takayuki Sato, Mitsuo Tanaka

引用次数: 0

Novel method to identify illegal diesel fuel, I: use of adamantane or [1, 2-D2] n-tetradecane as chemical marker. 鉴别非法柴油的新方法一:用金刚烷或[1,2 - d2]正十四烷作为化学标记物。

Environmental sciences : an international journal of environmental physiology and toxicology Pub Date : 2006-01-01

Yaeko Suzuki, Shintaro Ishioka, Takashi Korenaga, Yoshito Chikaraishi

{"title":"Novel method to identify illegal diesel fuel, I: use of adamantane or [1, 2-D2] n-tetradecane as chemical marker.","authors":"Yaeko Suzuki, Shintaro Ishioka, Takashi Korenaga, Yoshito Chikaraishi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we demonstrated a new identification method of illegal diesel fuel using adamantane (tricyclo[3,3,1,1,(3,7)]decane) or [1, 2-D(2)] n-tetradecane as a potential chemical marker instead of coumarin. In a mixing system of diesel fuel with marker-labeled kerosene, the concentration of kerosene in the mixed oil is quantitatively determined using specific ion fragments of the markers using GC/MS analysis, in which the detection limit is 12.5 ng/microl for adamantane or 7.1 ng/microl for [1, 2-D(2)] n-tetradecane. Coumarin, the currently used chemical marker, can be easily removed by sulfuric acid treatment, which is a primal cause of environmental pollution due to the illicit disposal of the strong acidic by-product. However, adamantane and [1, 2-D(2)] n-tetradecane cannot be removed by sulfuric acid treatment. Thus, although the detection limit of adamantane and [1, 2-D(2)] n-tetradecane is higher by approximately one or two orders of magnitude than that of coumarin, they cannot be removed by sulfuric acid treatment. Therefore, adamantane and [1, 2-D(2)] n-tetradecane are strong candidates as potential markers instead of coumarin, leading to the prevention of the production of illegal diesel fuel and a reduction in environmental pollution.","PeriodicalId":87178,"journal":{"name":"Environmental sciences : an international journal of environmental physiology and toxicology","volume":"13 4","pages":"207-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26356488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stability of cellular foam generated from amphoteric surfactant aqueous solution. 两性表面活性剂水溶液生成泡沫的稳定性。

Environmental sciences : an international journal of environmental physiology and toxicology Pub Date : 2006-01-01

Kae Fujita, Tamiya Kishimoto, Kazutaka Nagao, Toshiro Miyahara

引用次数: 0

A simple fluorometric method for the determination of sulfur dioxide in ambient air with a passive sampler. 用被动取样器测定环境空气中二氧化硫的简单荧光法。

Environmental sciences : an international journal of environmental physiology and toxicology Pub Date : 2006-01-01

Wei Chang, Miwako Okamoto, Takashi Korenaga

引用次数: 0

Volatilization and recovery of mercury from mercury-polluted soils and wastewaters using mercury-resistant Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans strains SUG 2-2 and MON-1. 利用抗汞酸性氧化亚铁硫杆菌SUG -2和MON-1菌株从汞污染的土壤和废水中挥发和回收汞。

Environmental sciences : an international journal of environmental physiology and toxicology Pub Date : 2006-01-01

Fumiaki Takeuchi, Tsuyoshi Sugio

{"title":"Volatilization and recovery of mercury from mercury-polluted soils and wastewaters using mercury-resistant Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans strains SUG 2-2 and MON-1.","authors":"Fumiaki Takeuchi, Tsuyoshi Sugio","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Iron-oxidizing bacterium, Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, is one of the most important bacteria for the bioleaching of copper and gold ores. In order to use the mercury reducing activity of A. ferrooxidans for the bioremediation of mercury, mercury-resistant A. ferrooxidans strains SUG 2-2 and MON-1 were screened among 150 strains of iron-oxidizing bacteria isolated from natural environments. It was found that strains SUG 2-2 and MON-1 have a novel ferrous iron-dependent mercury volatilization activity as well as an NADPH-dependent mercury reductase activity. Strain MON-1 has an organomercurial lyase-like activity and grew most rapidly in an iron medium with 0.1 microM p-chloromercuribenzoic acid among 11 A. ferrooxidans strains tested. Nearly 100% of the total mercury in mercury-polluted soil or mercury wastewater was volatilized and recovered by incubating SUG 2-2 or MON-1 cells in 20 ml of an acidified water (pH 2.5) with ferrous iron, suggesting that these mercury-resistant strains can be used for the bioremediation of inorganic and organic mercurial compounds. We show for the first time that MON-1 cells immobilized in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) resins could efficiently volatilize mercury from 2 L of a synthetic mercury-polluted wastewater (pH 2.5) containing 40 microM Hg(2+) and ferrous iron. The MON-1-immobilized PVA resins were used repeatedly.","PeriodicalId":87178,"journal":{"name":"Environmental sciences : an international journal of environmental physiology and toxicology","volume":"13 6","pages":"305-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26530288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0