Basic and Applied Ecology最新文献

{"title":"Strategic selection of polliniser trees can improve fruit quality of lychee, a crop that exhibits mixed-mating","authors":"Stephen J. Trueman ,&nbsp;Joel Nichols ,&nbsp;Christopher J. Burwell ,&nbsp;Wiebke Kämper","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.01.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.01.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fruit trees are often planted in single-cultivar blocks that allow convenient orchard management. This planting design can reduce the opportunities for cross-pollination, decreasing fruit quality if many harvested fruit result from selfing rather than outcrossing. We aimed to: (1) identify flower visitors in a lychee orchard; (2) determine levels of selfing and outcrossing among two lychee cultivars (Kaimana and Kwai Mai Pink) at increasing distances from another cultivar in single-cultivar blocks; and (3) assess effects of pollen parentage on fruit size, skin colour, Brix, acidity, and mineral nutrient concentrations. The European honeybee and a rhiniid fly, <em>Stomorhina discolor</em>, were the most abundant flower visitors. Pollinators appeared to transport cross-pollen at similar levels among the different rows within the single-cultivar blocks. Kaimana trees produced a mixture of selfed and outcrossed fruit. Kwai Mai Pink trees produced more selfed fruit, with at least 75 % being self-fertilised and 19 % being cross-fertilised. Cross-pollination of Kaimana by Souey Tung or Fay Zee Siu increased fruit flesh mass by 27 % and 26 % compared with self-pollinated fruit, respectively, and whole-fruit mass by 20 % and 21 %, respectively. Cross-pollination of Kaimana by Souey Tung also provided the fruit with a small seed and a redder skin. Cross-pollination of Kwai Mai Pink by Wai Chee did not affect the fruit mass or colour compared with self-pollinated fruit. Cross-pollination did not significantly affect Brix, acidity, or mineral nutrient concentrations of Kaimana or Kwai Mai Pink fruit. The results demonstrate that these cultivars have a mixed mating system and that flower visitors transport cross-pollen across many orchard rows. The results also indicate that strategic selection and planting of polliniser cultivars, that provide an optimal pollen genotype, could lead to the production of heavier lychee fruit with improved skin colour and seed size.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"83 ","pages":"Pages 80-87"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabarcoding the night sky: Monitoring landscape-scale insect diversity through bat diet","authors":"Cynthia Tobisch,&nbsp;Svenja Dege,&nbsp;Bernd Panassiti,&nbsp;Julian Treffler,&nbsp;Christoph Moning","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.01.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.01.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Widespread declines of terrestrial insects are reported across habitats and are associated with drivers at the landscape scale. Current monitoring schemes survey insect communities mostly at local scales, while assessments of insect trends at the landscape scale are scarce. Insectivorous bats provide a feasible means to tackle this challenge, as they feed opportunistically on a wide variety of insects and other arthropods, while foraging in various habitats and thereby covering large distances between their roosts and hunting places. In this study, we analyzed the diet of a common European bat species (<em>Pipistrellus pipistrellus</em>) to investigate patterns in insect richness and composition at the landscape scale. We collected 24 fecal samples from 12 roosting places in Southern Germany and assessed insect richness and composition using DNA metabarcoding. We explored spatial and temporal variation in the diet of <em>P. pipistrellus</em> and quantified effects of landscape composition and configuration on insect species richness and composition using generalized linear models and non-metric multidimensional scaling. A total of 405 different insect and other arthropod species were identified in the fecal samples, with high proportions of Diptera (45 %), Lepidoptera (18 %), Coleoptera (13 %) and Hymenoptera (11 %), but also many other taxonomic groups. Species composition in the diet showed high variation in space and time, but was also associated with edge density and the proportion of grassland within 2 km radius of the roosts. Moreover, forest and grassland percentages within 2-km buffers around the roosts significantly increased species richness within the diet. Our study shows that genetic analysis of bat feces provides an efficient and promising approach to assess insect diversity patterns at the landscape level, and highlights the potential of widespread bat species for the monitoring of terrestrial insects at large scales.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"83 ","pages":"Pages 128-135"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143377666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate and soil factors drive the functional and phylogenetic assembly of Qinghai-Tibetan grassland communities via multiple paths","authors":"Xiaomei Kang ,&nbsp;Yanjun Liu ,&nbsp;Xinyang Wu ,&nbsp;Lijie Duan ,&nbsp;Jiachang Jiang ,&nbsp;Aoran Zhang ,&nbsp;Wei Qi","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.01.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.01.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Elucidating the functional and phylogenetic community structures is essential for understanding coexistence of plant species and biodiversity within ecosystems. Despite their significance, the manner in which these structures change along environmental gradients has not been explored extensively. We estimated the phylogenetic diversity (PD) and community-weighted mean (CWM) and functional diversity (FD) values of four key functional traits in 558 grassland plots across the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) and assessed their relationship to climate and soil factors. Our results demonstrate that climate has a more pronounced direct impact on community structures than soil properties. Moreover, the indirect effect of climate through soil conditions does not significantly contribute to the observed patterns in functional and phylogenetic diversity. Annual and seasonal temperature was a reliable predictor of functional structure of plant or organ size traits, especially CWM of leaf size and CWM and FD of plant height. CWM and FD of most leaf traits and PD were correlated positively with multiple precipitation factors and humidity but negatively with sunshine hours. We highlight the importance of temperature, local resource availability and environmental filtering in governing the functional and phylogenetic structures of the QTP grassland communities. These findings have the potential to improve our predictions of climate change impacts on plant community assembly.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"83 ","pages":"Pages 109-117"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143350667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unravelling the multi-scale structure of vertebrate scavenger communities: The role of beta-diversity in livestock carcass consumption","authors":"María Eugenia Cabrera-García ,&nbsp;Patricia Mateo-Tomás ,&nbsp;José Hernán Sarasola ,&nbsp;Juan I. Zanón Martínez ,&nbsp;Beatriz Martínez-Miranzo ,&nbsp;Pedro P. Olea","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.01.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.01.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the structure of communities across multiple scales is useful for predicting impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Scavenging, an important ecological function performed by scavenger assemblages, stands as a significant force shaping ecosystems. Using biodiversity partitioning, we assess the relative contribution of multiple scales (i.e., within and among individual carcasses, species and habitats) to the richness and Shannon diversity of vertebrate scavenger communities consuming anthropogenic food subsidies (i.e. livestock carrion) in central Argentina. We further evaluate the potential effect of carcass and habitat characteristics (including human impact) on the richness, abundance and diversity of vertebrate scavengers. A total of 31 carcasses, 22 of cow and nine of sheep, were monitored using remote cameras in cropland and natural habitats, recording consumption by 10 vertebrate species (four birds and six mammals). 50 % of scavenger species were observed at carcass level (<em>α₁</em> = 4.94 species), a contribution lower than expected by chance. While the turnover of species among carcasses (<em>β₁</em> diversity) significantly contributed (40 %) to regional richness (γ diversity), turnover of species between carrion types and habitats (β₂ diversity) contributed a smaller fraction (10 %). Partitioning of Shannon diversity showed similar patterns to richness. Scavenger abundance increased during spring and was positively influenced by carcass weight; furthermore, carcasses in croplands supported less abundance that those located in natural habitats. Aligning with the theory of carrion unpredictability in maintaining biodiversity, our results suggest that scavenger species replacement (turnover) at human-mediated carcasses scattered in the field plays a significant role in shaping vertebrate scavenger assemblages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"83 ","pages":"Pages 64-72"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of ground-based and remote sensing data with deep learning algorithms for mapping habitats in Natura 2000 protected oak forests","authors":"Lucia Čahojová ,&nbsp;Ivan Jarolímek ,&nbsp;Barbora Klímová ,&nbsp;Michal Kollár ,&nbsp;Michaela Michalková ,&nbsp;Karol Mikula ,&nbsp;Aneta A. Ožvat ,&nbsp;Denisa Slabejová ,&nbsp;Mária Šibíková","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.01.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Landscape changes caused by climate change require new methods for forest research, analysis, mapping, and monitoring. This study aims to combine ground-based and remote sensing data utilising deep learning techniques to map protected forest habitats and communities within the Natura 2000 network. The study also seeks to evaluate the accuracy of this approach, specifically in oak-dominated forests, as well as identify the optimal time period within a year for effective habitat identification.</div><div>Using the specialised software NaturaSat, automated segmentations were performed based on the coordinates of phytosociological relevés and forest strands defined in database. Oak-dominated forest habitats were differentiated solely through multispectral data obtained from Sentinel-2 satellites. A dataset was selected for the training of a deep learning algorithm called the Natural Numerical Network on the basis of the analysis results. This algorithm aims to create a prediction map of habitats dominated by <em>Quercus cerris</em>, which is also known as the relevancy map.</div><div>Through the utilisation of the Natural Numerical Network, a training accuracy of 95.24% was achieved. Field validation, which was conducted at randomly generated locations within the relevancy map, yielded an accuracy of 98.33%. The most distinguishing differences in band characteristics between the two oak-dominated habitats were observed during the autumn months.</div><div>This study presents a framework that integrates terrestrial and remote sensing data. This method can serve as a basis for mapping forest habitats and observing changes related to climate change. Moreover, it contributes to the documentation of nature conservation and the mapping of landscapes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"83 ","pages":"Pages 136-146"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143378769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adding non-floral resources increases wild insect abundance but not yield in Australian hybrid carrot crops","authors":"Blake M Dawson ,&nbsp;Nikolas P Johnston ,&nbsp;Stephanie Cerato ,&nbsp;Raylea Rowbottom ,&nbsp;Cameron Spurr ,&nbsp;Abby Davis ,&nbsp;Romina Rader","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.01.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.01.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Many insect pollinator-dependent crops heavily rely on managed honey bees for pollination, yet flies and other wild taxa can be highly abundant and efficient, thus having potential as complementary pollinators. However, unlike bees, fly pollinator life history requirements and foraging behaviour are often unsupported in agroecosystems, or completely unknown. We aimed to determine the effectiveness of different non-floral resources in attracting fly pollinators and supporting their life history requirements, and whether higher fly abundance would result in improved seed yield in hybrid carrot crops. We introduced three decomposing organic resources (carrion, manure, and carrot plant material) to four commercial carrot farms in Northern Tasmania, Australia and sampled fly activity on carrot umbels around each treatment. In total, we recorded 46 adult insect species visiting carrot umbels across all treatments, consisting of 32 Diptera (flies), eight Coleoptera (beetles), four Hymenoptera (bees, wasps and ants), and two Hemiptera (true bugs). We collected 10 fly species and one beetle species as larvae from the resources. Both the carrion and carrot treatments supported five different larval species, while the manure supported two. Only <em>Lucilia sericata, Australophyra rostrata</em>, and <em>Oxysarcodexia varia</em> were more abundant on carrot umbels around treatments compared to the control, and seed yield around the treatments did not differ to the control. Our results suggest that the inclusion of non-floral resources can fulfil the life history requirements of flies in agroecosystems. However, determining whether the addition of non-floral resources also results in increased yield, requires further investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"84 ","pages":"Pages 21-28"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143436504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extensive vegetation management and semi-natural habitats increase plant alpha and gamma diversity in European vineyards","authors":"Silvia Winter ,&nbsp;Ricarda Weitzl ,&nbsp;Stefan Möth ,&nbsp;Božana Petrović ,&nbsp;Violette Aurelle ,&nbsp;Pauline Tolle ,&nbsp;Thomas Costes ,&nbsp;Sylvie Richart-Cervera ,&nbsp;Adrien Rusch","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.01.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Permanent crops like vineyards have the potential to contribute to halting the biodiversity loss due to their spatiotemporal stability and lower disturbance frequency in vineyard inter-rows. However, anthropogenic pressures can be quite high in such agroecosystems and little is known about the relative impacts of local management intensity and landscape context on plant communities in viticultural landscapes. In this study, we examined how plant communities were affected by management intensity and landscape context in two European wine-growing regions. We established four plots within one inter-row and three transects in two neighbouring inter-rows and one undervine row in each of 70 paired vineyards (organic versus conventional farming) along a gradient of proportion of semi-natural habitats in the landscape. We analysed how alpha, beta and gamma diversity and plant species community composition at the vineyard scale responded to farming system, disturbance frequency, and semi-natural habitats. We found a positive impact of organic farming on alpha and gamma diversity and a significant influence of farming and transect type on species community composition. Besides farming system, disturbance frequency (tillage and mulching) reduced alpha diversity but increased beta diversity in the transects of both wine-growing regions. This difference could be attributed to the establishment of different plant communities of vineyards managed with higher or lower mulching and/or tillage intensity. At the landscape scale, higher proximity to and higher proportion of semi-natural habitats increased plant alpha and gamma diversity. Both landscape variables also explained significant variance of the plant community composition. Conservation of farmland biodiversity in vineyards should focus on supporting low-intensity diversified management operations and increasing shares of semi-natural habitats in the landscape.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"83 ","pages":"Pages 98-108"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143259639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecology for future cities","authors":"Joan Casanelles-Abella ,&nbsp;Monika Egerer","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cities can work towards addressing biodiversity conservation, climate adaptation, and social equity goals. Evidence indicates that cities can foster species conservation and human-nature interactions. Yet achieving multifunctional and equitable urban ecosystems requires addressing ecological gaps, enhancing monitoring methods, and engaging communities in sustainable urban planning. The Special Issue “<em>Ecology for future cities”</em> presented in this editorial, aims to contribute to solving existing gaps by investigating key themes shaping the field of urban ecology and emphasizing advancements to understand the social-ecological dynamics in cities. In this editorial paper, we present the seven papers of the special issue, and how they fall within six topics: (1) mapping urban ecosystems; (2) drivers and implications of human-nature interactions; (3) taxonomic coverage and biodiversity structure; (4) ecological transformations; (5) improving the temporal coverage; and (6) how ecology informs urban planning. We also provide future research directions based on these topics. We conclude the editorial with some personal thoughts regarding the two cities where we grew up, which have shaped our relationships to and understanding of urban ecosystems and contribute to motivating our research interests.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"83 ","pages":"Pages 55-63"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant and gastropod species richness across fragmented urban landscapes: Patterns and environmental drivers","authors":"Tomáš Čejka ,&nbsp;Tomáš Bacigál ,&nbsp;Ivan Jarolímek ,&nbsp;Michaela Michalková ,&nbsp;Mária Šibíková","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding biota distribution and species richness patterns in fragmented urban environments is crucial for conservation and management.</div><div>We surveyed 30 plots in a medium-sized European city to assess vascular plant and terrestrial gastropod species richness in isolated forest patches (IFP), connected forest patches (CFP), and continuous forest (CF), with 10 plots per category. Environmental drivers such as Ellenberg's indicator values, vegetation cover, coarse woody debris, litter, and directly measured microclimatic factors like temperature and humidity were examined.</div><div>Significant differences among forest types were found in stand structural characteristics and environmental conditions. IFPs had higher soil pH, more woody debris, and more substantial litter accumulation, with higher temperatures and lower humidity than CF and CFPs, especially in early summer. CF and CFPs mitigated extreme temperatures, leaving IFPs more vulnerable. IFPs had the highest plant species richness, especially neophyte and archaeophyte species, while CF plots had fewer species, mainly of the <em>Carpinion</em> association, indicating more natural conditions. Gastropod species richness and densities were also highest in IFPs. GLMs identified the landscape category as the most significant predictor of species richness for plants and gastropods. Plant species composition varied significantly among forest types, notably for <em>Carpinion</em> and neophytes, whereas gastropod species composition remained consistent.</div><div>These findings highlight the complex interplay between environmental factors, urbanisation, and species richness in urban forests. The study underscores the importance of landscape categories, ecological factors, and fragmentation in evaluating species richness patterns in urban and suburban forested areas using plants and gastropods as linked ecological indicators.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"83 ","pages":"Pages 43-54"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resource availability and competition shape pollinator trophic specialization in longleaf pine savannas","authors":"Pablo Moreno-García ,&nbsp;Johanna E. Freeman ,&nbsp;Benjamin Baiser ,&nbsp;Joshua W. Campbell ,&nbsp;Daijiang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Realized trophic specialization, or the food resources with which a species interacts locally, is driven by a species fundamental niche, resource availability, and competition. However, the simultaneous effects of resource availability and competition on trophic specialization have yet to be investigated in plant-pollinator networks. Here, we disentangled the effects of resource availability (i.e., blooming plant diversity and abundance), and pollinator competitor pool (i.e., pollinator species richness, and abundance of conspecific and heterospecific pollinator individuals) on pollinator trophic specialization. We used samples collected over an entire flowering season in 24 xeric pine savannas in north-central Florida, USA and evaluated the effects of plant availability and pollinator competitor pool on three aspects of trophic specialization: taxonomic specialization (pollinator selection of plant species), phylogenetic specialization (pollinator selection of plant phylogenetic lineages), and functional specialization (pollinator selection of plant functional traits). Our results show that flowering resources and the pools of pollinator competitors both influence pollinator trophic specialization. Individual pollinators reacted to higher pollinator richness by interacting with more flowering plants (i.e.,taxonomically generalist), underscoring the vulnerability of pollination systems to pollinator extinctions (i.e., pollinators visit fewer plant species when there are fewer insect competitors present). Pollinators were more specialized in communities containing many conspecific pollinators, possibly reflecting pollinator preferences. Finally, in more diverse flowering plant assemblages, pollinators were taxonomic specialists in flower visitation but phylogenetic and functional generalists, providing pollination services across diverse plant assemblages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"83 ","pages":"Pages 118-127"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}